The aim of the thesis was to analyze the marshaling gilts for breeding. The experiment contains two groups of gilts. First group included gilts from own production, second gilts were purchased. Main goal was evaluation of pregnancy length, age in first pregnancy, in first due date and assess the numbers all born piglets, live- born piglets, stillborn piglets and mummified piglets in the litter from the first parity sows. Gilts were also analyzed for reproduction, depending on breeding age or age in purchasing period. According to that results, we did evaluation for selected indicators of reproduction like gravidity length, all born piglets, live-born piglets, stillborn piglets and mummified piglets in a litter. As we can see from results, the highest number of all newborn piglets achieve gilts from own production, namely 13,70 DC. Gilts in own production gave us higher number of live born piglets, 12,74 DC but they have lower number of stillborn piglets, specifically 0,61 DC. Gilts, which were purchased, have lower number of mummified piglets 0,04 DC. The length of gilts pregnancy were the same in both groups, average is 115 days. First service of gilts in own production was 238,02 days, in group of purchased gilts it was 247,65 days. Averadge age for first birth in own production group was 353,66 days, purchased group 363,32 days.

The main objective of the Thesis was to analyse the reproductive performance of sows in the selected breeding. Data collection took place in Vemas a.s, which is engaged in pig breeding. The data was gathered in this breeding in the period of August 8 2016 to July 31 2017 at sample of 938 sows in 1761 litters. In the litter, the age of first fertilization and parturition of sows were monitored as well as the length of gestation period itself and gestation period depending on the number of alive or dead born piglets in the litter. Furthermore, the amount of all born piglets was observed, alive and dead born ones in the litter, the number of mummified piglets, the amount of weaned piglets and the loss of piglets from birth to weaning in connection to the litter order of the sow. Most of sows were fertilized between days 230. and 249. of their age, while parturition appeared between days 350. and 359. of their age. The average length of gestation period was 115,38 days. The biggest portion of live born piglets (14,08 cases per a litter) was born at the length of 113 days of gestation period, the smallest portion of dead born piglets has been found at the lenght of gestation period between 118 and 119 days. Most of all (14,72 cases per litter) and of alive born piglets (13,91 cases per litter) were observed in the third litter, the amount of dead born and mummified piglets in the litter went up in relation with the litter order. The number of weaned piglets in the litters was fairly balanced, in average 12,12 cases per a litter. The losses between the birth and the weaning were the highest in the third litter (10,42 % out of live born piglets). The breeding reaches excelent results which are also proven by PICtrag league where the breeding came first two times in a row.

The aim of this work was to compare weight gain, mortality of piglets, and sows and piglets activity using permanent or temporary crating during lactation. Recently, animal breeding places great emphasis on improving welfare, by accepting their biological and behavioral needs. It was predicted that there will be no differences in piglet mortality in both housing systems. There was predicted an increase in short-term effect of activity in sows at day 4 after opening the farrowing crate. 27 sows were included in this study. Sow activity was measured by changing her positions at Day 3, 4, 5 and day 25 and the level of cortisol at Day 5 and 25. Piglets were weighted at day3, 4, 5 and 25 and mortality was analyzed every day. The short-term (day 5th after farrowing) and long-term effect (on the 25th day after farrowing) after opening the farrowing crate was analyzed. All statistical models included the housing, parity sows and litter size. On the fifth day, the activity of sows freely in the pen was higher (p=0.002). Litter size had an effect on growth rate of piglets (p<0.001) and the frequency of "rolling" of the sows (p=0.009). Parity of sows had an influence on the activity of sows (p=0.04). Measurements on the 25th of day after farrowing showed the effect of parity of sows (p=0.013) and litter size (p<0.001) on weight gain of piglets, piglet mortality should only be affected by litter size (p=0.001). Type of crating had only a short-term effect on the activity of sows in the whole experiment. Cortisol levels between groups of sows did not differ. The type of crating had no significant effect on mortality and growth of piglets. Temporary crating does not diminish the economic indicators of litter and also more provides welfare to sows and piglets. It would therefore be appropriate if permanent crating would be replaced by a temporal crating in the future.

The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the reproduction and production indicators from the data obtained and processed on the selected farm. Farm indicators were evaluated between 2013 and 2017 and 200 sows were selected from multiplier herds for which selected reproductive indicators were evaluated. The reproduction indicators were evaluate the number of all born piglets, the number of alive piglets, the number of weaned piglets and the stillborn piglets from birth to wean by parity and gestation length. The highest number of all born piglets and weaned piglets per year was reported by the farm in 2017. 15, 6 ± 3.3 pcs of all live piglets were born and 11.9 ± 1.6 pcs of piglets per litter were weaned. The average was weaned 1.8 ± 2.9 piglets. In terms of production indicators, the average daily gain and feed conversion per 1 kg increments for the pre-fattening and fattening category were evaluated by year and season. The highest average daily gain in both categories was found in 2015, in pre-fattening it was 414.7 ± 18.9 g/day and in fattening it was 813.8 ± 34.1 g/day. For the feed conversion indicator, the lowest values were found in 2015. In the pre-fattening category feed consumption per kg of gain it was 1.79 ± 0.19 kg and in fattening it was 3.01 ± 0.19 kg/kg.

Submitted by clediane guedes (clediane@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2013-09-18T15:49:17Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Disserta??o MB Gouveia_.pdf: 14110251 bytes, checksum: ae0c08f1d5019104e1ed7e0504a3948b (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by clediane guedes(clediane@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2013-09-18T15:53:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Disserta??o MB Gouveia_.pdf: 14110251 bytes, checksum: ae0c08f1d5019104e1ed7e0504a3948b (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-18T15:53:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Disserta??o MB Gouveia_.pdf: 14110251 bytes, checksum: ae0c08f1d5019104e1ed7e0504a3948b (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1992-03 / CNPQ / Neste trabalho objetivou-se verificar, teoricamente , a possibilidade de manuten??o de heterozigotos, em popula??es de plantas aut?gamas, na presen?a e na aus?ncia de sele??o dependente de frequ?ncia (SDF). Considerou-se apenas um loco com dois alelos. Utilizou-se a dedu??o alg?brica de formulas referentes a alguns modelos de popula??es e um programa para simular a sucess?o das gera??es em uma calculadora cient?fica avan?ada. Comparou-se os resultados do modelo com os dados obtidos experimentalmente por Allard e Workman (1963) e por Harding, Allard e Smeltzer (1966). Os coeficientes de determina??o foram 0,9653 e 0,9166 para a primeira e a segunda compara??o, respectivamente. Estes coeficientes indicam que o modelo D representa de modo bastante fidedigno as varia??es observadas em popula??es experimentais de plantas predominantemente aut?gamas

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2018-01-31T21:07:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Fabio Reis Figueiredo.pdf: 2917269 bytes, checksum: 41197e6d18b286701e9cf3cfa3160e77 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-31T21:07:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Fabio Reis Figueiredo.pdf: 2917269 bytes, checksum: 41197e6d18b286701e9cf3cfa3160e77 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-15 / The use of selected yeasts is an important aspect in the production of quality beers, since in addition to the production of ethanol and carbon dioxide they contribute significantly to the formation of secondary compounds, which confer the flavor of the beer. These yeasts also settle easily in the middle, avoiding undesired contaminations, in addition to generally presenting high rates of yield, productivity and fermentation efficiency. Selenium (Se) is a mineral that performs antioxidant functions, being essential as trace element to human health and its deficiency is correlated to the occurrence of several diseases. Due to these properties, the incorporation of Se into some food and / or food supplements associated with yeast is already a reality. Considering that beer is the most consumed alcoholic drink in the world, this research aimed to select yeasts to produce artisan beer supplemented with selenium. To do so, using the multivariate analysis technique, the selection of yeasts with potential for brewing was initially performed, and three strains (SC52, SC57 and SC82) were selected; Then applying the Doehlert factorial design and using the Response Surface Methodology technique, the optimization of the fermentation parameters (fermentation temperature and selenium concentration) for the production of beer supplemented with selenium was carried out. The yeasts SC52 and SC82 presented significant responses for the production of the supplemented beer, and the optimum values (Se concentration and fermentation temperature) were 11 mg L-1 and 25.0? C for yeast SC52 and 12 mg L-1 and 23.5? C for yeast SC82; (CSeSC52 and CSeSC82) were produced on a microbrewery scale, the fermentation parameters of the process were evaluated and total selenium and selenium species present in yeast and beers were quantified. The beers produced presented fermentative results within the commercial standards, being recommended by DDR (Recommended Daily Dose) of Se, a maximum consumption of approximately 600 mL of CSeSC52 beer and 740 mL of CSeSC82 beer. / O uso de leveduras selecionadas constitui aspecto relevante na produ??o de cervejas de qualidade, pois al?m da produ??o de etanol e g?s carb?nico contribuem significativamente para a forma??o de compostos secund?rios, os quais conferem o flavor da cerveja. Estas leveduras tamb?m se estabelecem facilmente no meio, evitando contamina??es indesejadas, al?m de apresentarem, geralmente, altas taxas de rendimento, produtividade e efici?ncia na fermenta??o. O sel?nio (Se) ? um mineral que desempenha fun??es antioxidantes, sendo essencial como elemento tra?o ? sa?de humana e a sua defici?ncia est? correlacionada ? ocorr?ncia de v?rias doen?as. Devido a estas propriedades, a incorpora??o do Se em alguns alimentos e/ou suplementos alimentares associados a leveduras j? ? uma realidade. Considerando que a cerveja constitui a bebida alco?lica mais consumida no mundo, esta pesquisa objetivou selecionar leveduras para produzir cerveja artesanal suplementada com sel?nio. Para tanto, a partir do uso da t?cnica de an?lise multivariada, inicialmente foi realizada a sele??o de leveduras com potencial para produ??o de cerveja, sendo selecionadas tr?s cepas (SC52, SC57 e SC82); em seguida, aplicando o planejamento fatorial Doehlert e utilizando a t?cnica de Metodologia de Superf?cie de Respostas, realizou-se a otimiza??o dos par?metros fermentativos (temperatura de fermenta??o e concentra??o de sel?nio) para a produ??o de cerveja suplementada com sel?nio. As leveduras SC52 e SC82 apresentaram respostas significativas para a produ??o da cerveja suplementada, sendo que os valores ?timos (concentra??o de Se e Temperatura de fermenta??o) obtidos foram de 11 mg L-1 e 25,0 ?C para a levedura SC52 e 12 mg L-1 e 23,5 ?C para a levedura SC82; por fim, foram produzidas duas cervejas artesanais suplementadas com sel?nio (CSeSC52 e CSeSC82) em escala de microcervejaria, sendo avaliados os par?metros fermentativos do processo e quantificados o sel?nio total e as esp?cies de sel?nio presentes nas leveduras e nas cervejas. As cervejas produzidas apresentaram resultados fermentativos dentro dos padr?es comerciais, sendo recomendado em virtude da DDR (Dose Di?ria Recomendada) de Se, um consumo m?ximo de aproximadamente 600 mL da cerveja CSeSC52 e 740 mL da cerveja CSeSC82.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:09:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 457273.pdf: 12530353 bytes, checksum: d0fcb9d7b4ba6c715cb7c60244fd80bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-12 / Variation in animal coloration is a theme that has intrigued evolutionary biologists for a long time. Among the commonly observed pigmentation polymorphisms, melanism (darkening of the surface coloration) has been reported quite frequently in multiple groups of organisms. Several biological factors may be influenced by melanism, including thermoregulation, susceptibility or response to disease, camouflage, aposematism, sexual selection and reproductive success. Melanism is common in the Felidae, having been documented in 13 of its 38 species, in some cases reaching high frequencies in natural populations. Classical hypothesis have suggested that such coat color variants can present adaptive advantages under certain ecological conditions, but these ideas have never been rigorously tested for any wild cat species. In jaguars (Panthera onca), jaguarundis (Puma yagouaroundi) and leopards (Panthera pardus) melanism is caused by different mutations in the MC1R and ASIP genes, which present dominant, semi-dominant and recessive inheritance patterns, respectively. In this study we have focused on melanism in these three cat species, and considered two competing hypotheses: (I) melanism is a neutral polymorphism that is randomly distributed throughout the range of each of these species, bearing no association with particular habitats or environmental variables; and (II) melanism has a non-random distribution, and presents significantly different frequencies among distinct landscape conformations. We constructed databases of records obtained from scientific collections, camera trap studies, individual captures and fecal DNA samples that collectively covered most of the ranges of the focal species. We obtained 794 records of jaguars, 463 jaguarundis and 623 leopards, including individually ascertained information on coat color. We performed modeling and statistical analyses using the software packages Maxent (maximum entropy algorithm), ArcGis 9.3 and SPSS 17, based on environmental variables obtained from the Worldclim, Climond, SRTM and GlobCover databases. The results allowed for the first time the construction of maps depicting the geographic distribution of melanism in wild cat species, as well as estimates of its frequency in the three target species. The frequency of melanism was ca. 9% in jaguars, 80% in jaguarundis, and 10% in leopards, and all three species showed a non-random distribution pattern of this coloration variant. In jaguars, melanism was totally absent from ecoregions containing open and periodically flooded landscapes, such as the Pantanal (Brazil) and Llanos (Colombia/Venezuela), which was striking given the large number of samples surveyed in these regions; in contrast, forested areas displayed a melanism frequency that was similar to that expectation based on the species as a whole. In jaguarundis, the dark phenotype (which is evolutionarily derived) proved to be much more common in nature than the ancestral reddish form, with the former being distributed across all areas in which the species occurs, and the latter being highly associated with open and dry landscapes. In leopards, melanism was present in five of the nine currently recognized subspecies, and was strongly associated with tropical and subtropical moist forests, especially in Southeast Asia. Analyses of environmental parameters that seem to be most influential on the melanism occurrence in these three species suggest a relevant role for factors such as altitude, temperature, solar radiation and moisture in different landscape conformations. These observations support the hypothesis that melanism in felids is not a neutral polymorphism, and undergoes the influence of natural selection related to environmental variables and landscape conformations, leading to a non-random geographic distribution of this coloration phenotype. / A varia??o na colora??o animal ? um tema que intriga pesquisadores da ?rea de biologia evolutiva h? bastante tempo. Dentre as varia??es observadas, o melanismo ? um polimorfismo de colora??o comum em diversos grupos de organismos, definido pela predomin?ncia de uma cor escura na superf?cie do corpo. Diversos fatores biol?gicos, como termorregula??o, suscetibilidade ou resposta a doen?as, camuflagem, aposematismo, sele??o sexual e sucesso reprodutivo podem ser influenciados pelo melanismo, o que torna o seu estudo bastante relevante, inclusive como um sistema modelo para investiga??es evolutivas de polimorfismos fenot?picos em geral. Sua ocorr?ncia ? comum na fam?lia Felidae, tendo sido documentada em 13 das 38 esp?cies do grupo e, em alguns casos, podendo atingir altas frequ?ncias em certas popula??es. Hip?teses cl?ssicas sugerem que essas variantes de pelagem podem apresentar vantagens adaptativas em certas circunst?ncias ecol?gicas, o que at? o momento n?o foi testado de forma rigorosa para qualquer das esp?cies do grupo. O presente estudo teve como foco o melanismo em tr?s esp?cies de fel?deos: on?as-pintadas (Panthera onca), jaguarundis (Puma yagouaroundi) e leopardos (Panthera pardus), nas quais esta variante ? causada por diferentes muta??es nos genes MC1R e ASIP, de heran?a dominante, semi-dominante e recessiva, respectivamente. No presente estudo, para cada uma destas esp?cies, foram consideradas duas hip?teses concorrentes: (I) o melanismo constitui um polimorfismo neutro, presente em toda a ?rea de distribui??o e de forma aleat?ria entre ambientes distintos, com aus?ncia de associa??o com vari?veis ambientais; e (II) o melanismo est? distribu?do espacialmente de forma estruturada e n?o-rand?mica, e associada a par?metros ambientais e condicionantes biogeogr?ficos espec?ficos. A partir de registros provenientes de cole??es cient?ficas, armadilhas fotogr?ficas, capturas e DNA fecal cobrindo a maior parte da distribui??o geogr?fica das esp?cies focais, foram obtidas 794 amostras de on?as-pintadas, 463 de jaguarundis e 623 de leopardos, com aferi??o da colora??o em n?vel individual. As modelagens e an?lises estat?sticas foram realizadas com os programas Maxent (algoritmo de m?xima entropia), ArcGis 9.3 e SPSS 17, utilizando vari?veis ambientais obtidas a partir das bases de dados WorldClim, Climond, SRTM e GlobCover. Os resultados apresentam pela primeira vez um mapa de distribui??o geogr?fica do melanismo em felinos, bem como estimativas da frequ?ncia dessa caracter?stica nestas tr?s esp?cies. A frequ?ncia observada de melanismo foi de 9% em on?as-pintadas, 80% em jaguarundis e 10% em leopardos, sendo que em todas as esp?cies o padr?o de distribui??o geogr?fica foi significativamente n?o-aleat?rio. Nas on?as-pintadas, em ecoregi?es de paisagens abertas periodicamente inundadas como o Pantanal (Brasil) e os Llanos (Col?mbia/Venezuela), o melanismo foi totalmente ausente, apesar do grande n?mero de amostras provenientes destas regi?es, ao contr?rio de ?reas florestais, onde a frequ?ncia do melanismo se manteve semelhante ao esperado para a esp?cie como um todo. Em jaguarundis, o padr?o fenot?pico escuro (que ? evolutivamente derivado) mostrou-se muito mais comum na natureza do que a colora??o ancestral (avermelhada), estando o primeiro distribu?do em todas as ?reas de ocorr?ncia da esp?cie, e a segunda associada fortemente a paisagens mais secas e abertas. Em leopardos, o melanismo est? presente em cinco das nove subesp?cies atualmente reconhecidas, e fortemente associado a florestas tropicais e subtropicais ?midas, especialmente na regi?o do sudeste asi?tico. An?lises dos par?metros ambientais que parecem influenciar de forma mais relevante a ocorr?ncia do melanismo nestas tr?s esp?cies sugerem um papel importante de fatores como altitude, temperatura, radia??o solar e umidade em diferentes conforma??es de paisagem. Essas observa??es apoiam a hip?tese de que o melanismo em felinos n?o constitui um polimorfismo neutro, sofrendo a a??o de sele??o natural relacionada a vari?veis ambientais e conforma??es de paisagem, o que induz uma distribui??o geogr?fica n?o-aleat?ria deste fen?tipo de colora??o.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-04-13T12:02:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Deyves Mendes Paraguassu.pdf: 596082 bytes, checksum: dd55b53bb62a481a21c0961845d58021 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-13T12:02:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Deyves Mendes Paraguassu.pdf: 596082 bytes, checksum: dd55b53bb62a481a21c0961845d58021 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-10 / With the increased access to information, technologies and markets; the supply options are magnified as well, forcing the selection of a supplier that best contributes to the organizational success. In this sense, selecting the right supplier can mean the difference between success and failure. Bio-Manguinhos is in the market for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease through vaccines, diagnostic reagents and biopharmaceuticals. Being a public institution, it shares with the rest of the system the difficulty in obtaining public funds for investment and the development of products may take more than 20 years. Given this scenario, the search for partners to minimize development time of a product and share the cost of investment becomes interesting. In this context, this work aims to develop a tool that helps Bio-Manguinhos in selecting suppliers which contribute to the development and manufacture of new products. So, there were two stages of interviews with the board of Bio-Manguinhos: the first with the Deputy Directors, where the relevant criteria for selecting suppliers for new products were identified; the second stage was conducted with the Director, where the criteria identified by the Deputy Directors were confirmed and a method of multicriteria analysis, AHP - Analytic Hierarchy Process was applied to assign weights to these criteria. Thus, we created a tool with the criteria considered relevant and their representativeness within a context that seeks to assist the organization to select suppliers for new products. The results show that the relevant criteria and their order are: level of product development, compatibility with the industrial park, compliance with regulatory requirements, product performance, strength of the company and cost. This shows that the criteria closest to organizational strategy have a greater representativeness. The criteria identified in this study, in their essence, are not new; they are well known and mentioned by other researchers. Nevertheless, as in all decision-making, especially the multicriteria, every organization seeks to identify the important variables for a given decision-making and that choice is not necessarily the best one for other organizations. / Com o aumento do acesso a informa??es, tecnologias e mercados, as op??es de fornecimento s?o ampliadas, tornando necess?ria a sele??o de um fornecedor que melhor contribua para o sucesso organizacional. Nesse sentido, selecionar o fornecedor certo pode significar a diferen?a entre o sucesso e o insucesso. Bio-Manguinhos atua no mercado de preven??o, diagn?stico e tratamento de doen?as, por meio de vacinas, reativos para diagn?stico e biof?rmacos. Por ser uma institui??o p?blica, compartilha com o restante da m?quina p?blica a dificuldade em obter recursos para investimento e o desenvolvimento de seus produtos pode levar mais de 20 anos. Diante desse cen?rio, a busca por parcerias para minimizar o tempo de desenvolvimento de um produto e compartilhar os custos de investimento se mostra interessante. Neste contexto, este trabalho tem por objetivo desenvolver uma ferramenta que auxilie Bio-Manguinhos a selecionar fornecedores que contribuir?o para o desenvolvimento e produ??o de novos produtos. Para tanto, foram realizadas duas etapas de entrevistas com a diretoria de Bio-Manguinhos: a primeira com os vice-diretores, onde foram identificados os crit?rios relevantes para a sele??o de fornecedores para novos produtos; a segunda etapa foi realizada com o diretor, onde foram confirmados os crit?rios identificados pelos vice-diretores e utilizado um m?todo de an?lise multicriterial, AHP ? Processo de An?lise Hier?rquica, para atribuir pesos a esses crit?rios. Dessa forma, foi criada uma ferramenta com os crit?rios considerados relevantes e suas respectivas representatividades dentro de um mesmo contexto, que busca auxiliar a organiza??o a selecionar seus fornecedores para novos produtos. Os resultados mostram que os crit?rios relevantes e sua ordem s?o os seguintes: n?vel de desenvolvimento do produto, compatibilidade com o parque industrial, cumprimento de exig?ncias regulat?rias, rendimento do produto, solidez da empresa e custo. Isso mostra que crit?rios mais pr?ximos a estrat?gia organizacional possuem uma representatividade maior. Os crit?rios identificados, em sua ess?ncia, n?o s?o crit?rios novos, s?o conhecidos e mencionados por outros pesquisadores. No entanto, como em toda tomada de decis?o, especialmente as multicriteriais, cada organiza??o busca identificar as vari?veis importantes para uma determinada tomada de decis?o e essa escolha n?o necessariamente ? a melhor para outras organiza??es.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-27T00:05:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IgorFernandoCostaFernandes_DISSERT.pdf: 2662012 bytes, checksum: 4dc3cafa11633b337eeae6add9037b52 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-31T23:13:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 IgorFernandoCostaFernandes_DISSERT.pdf: 2662012 bytes, checksum: 4dc3cafa11633b337eeae6add9037b52 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-31T23:13:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IgorFernandoCostaFernandes_DISSERT.pdf: 2662012 bytes, checksum: 4dc3cafa11633b337eeae6add9037b52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / A musicalidade humana ? alvo de discuss?o das mais diversas ?reas de conhecimento. Sua presen?auniversal, datada de pelo menos 36 mil anos, bem como sua utiliza??o cotidiana como ferramenta de express?o s?o alguns dos diversos argumentos que corroboram para a import?ncia deste comportamento em nossa esp?cie. A musicalidade humana possui paralelos com atributos semelhantes em outras esp?cies de aves, cet?ceos e primatas, nas quais esta caracter?stica tem sidoestudada de forma sistem?tica desde ?s primeiras observa??es feitas por Darwin na composi??o da Teoria Evolucionista. A Musicologia Evolucionista se prop?e ao estudo da fun??o ?ltima da musicalidade humana, tendo como uma das hip?teses propostas para explicar a fun??o do comportamento musical em nossa esp?cie a de que este estaria intrinsicamente ligado ao comportamento de sele??o e escolha de parceiros. Dessa forma, buscamos investigar o efeito dos est?mulos musicais, segundo sua qualidade, na sele??o de parceiros sexuais, atrav?s de avalia??o de est?mulos fotogr?ficos. Encontramos diferen?as do efeito da m?sica em homens e mulheres, sendo as mulheres mais responsivas ?s melodias apresentadas. Os resultados apontam tamb?m para um maior efeito de est?mulos musicais de baixa qualidade, os quais interferem negativamente na percep??o dos parceiros. Encontramos ainda diferentes efeitos segundo o valor de mercado dos parceiros potenciais apresentados. Por ?ltimo encontramos diferentes efeitos dos est?mulos musicais na avalia??o das diversas vari?veis avaliadas, tais como atratividade, intelig?ncia, familiaridade, confiabilidade e interesse sexual despertado. A partir dos resultados obtidos encontramos evid?ncias que corroboram com a hip?tese de que o comportamento musical humano est? ligado ao processo de sele??o e escolha de parceiros sexuais. / The human musicality is subject of debate in many different areas of knowledge. Musicality?s universal presence, dating from at least 36,000 years, and its everyday use as a tool of expression are some of the many arguments that corroborate the importance of this behavior in our species. Human musicality has parallels with similar attributes in other species of birds, cetaceans and primates, in which this feature has been studied systematically since the Darwin?s first observations in the Evolutionary Theory composition. The Musicology Evolutionist proposes to study the latest function of human musicality. Our hypotheses proposed to explain the function of musical behavior in our species is that the music would be intrinsically linked to the behavior selection and partners choice. In our study, three groups composed of both sexes were exposed to a musical stimulus each and asked to evaluate photos of subjects of both sexes according to characteristics such as attractiveness, intelligence, familiarity, reliability and aroused sexual interest. Therefore, we sought to investigate the effect of musical stimuli, according to its quality, the sexual partners selection, through photographic stimuli evaluation. We found differences in the effect of music on men and women. Women are more responsive to presented melodies. The results also point to a greater effect of low quality musical stimuli, which negatively affect the perception of partners. We also found different effects according to the presented potential partners market value. Finally we find different musical stimuli effects in the different variables evaluation, such as attractiveness, intelligence, familiarity, reliability and aroused sexual interest. From the obtained results, we find evidence supporting the hypothesis that human musical behavior is linked to the selection and choice of sexual partners.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:34Z No. of bitstreams: 5 36.pdf: 448536 bytes, checksum: a5dbf2e4dce517f8347874ee986cea66 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T18:39:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 36.pdf: 448536 bytes, checksum: a5dbf2e4dce517f8347874ee986cea66 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T18:39:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 36.pdf: 448536 bytes, checksum: a5dbf2e4dce517f8347874ee986cea66 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estimar os efeitos de popula??es, matrizes e idade da planta na express?o de vari?veis f?sicas, qu?micas e f?sico-qu?micas de frutos de pequizeiro. Colheram-se frutos oriundos de 15 matrizes em Curvelo e 15 em S?o Gon?alo do Rio Preto, Minas Gerais. A amostragem foi feita de maneira a se ter, em cada popula??o, matrizes com diferentes di?metros de tronco, sendo este ?ltimo uma estimativa da idade da planta. Para todas as vari?veis foram tomados dez frutos por matriz e as vari?veis qu?micas e f?sico-qu?micas foram avaliadas em cinco matrizes de cada popula??o. Avaliaram-se, em cada fruto, as vari?veis f?sicas: peso total; peso do mesocarpo externo; peso total dos put?mens; peso m?dio dos put?mens; n? de put?mens; peso total de polpa; e peso m?dio de polpa. As vari?veis qu?micas e f?sico-qu?micas, avaliadas na polpa, foram: umidade; cinzas; lip?deos; prote?nas; carboidratos totais; pH; s?lidos sol?veis totais; e acidez total titul?vel. O efeito de matrizes foi altamente significativo para todas as vari?veis avaliadas (P<1%), enquanto o de popula??es foi apenas para duas vari?veis (5%<P<10%). As estimativas das correla??es entre as vari?veis f?sicas avaliadas foram todas positivas, algumas significativas, enquanto que para as vari?veis qu?micas e f?sico-qu?micas observaram-se estimativas positivas e negativas, a maioria n?o significativa. As estimativas das correla??es entre o di?metro do tronco e as vari?veis f?sicas foram todas positivas, significativas apenas para duas vari?veis (P<5%). Para as vari?veis qu?micas e f?sico-qu?micas, observaram-se correla??es positivas e negativas, por?m n?o significativas. A sele??o de matrizes no campo para as caracter?sticas avaliadas que apresentaram correla??es n?o significativas ou significativas positivas deve promover ganhos gen?ticos nos descendentes se estes forem obtidos por propaga??o vegetativa, o mesmo n?o se podendo afirmar para descendentes obtidos por via sexuada. A idade da matriz n?o deve alterar os ganhos gen?ticos para estas vari?veis. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT The present work aimed to estimate population, mother tree and plant age effects on the expression of physical, chemical and physic-chemical traits on pequi fruits Seeds were collected from two populations and fifteen mother trees in each population, one located at Curvelo and another at S?o Gon?alo do Rio Preto, both from Minas Gerais State. The sampling was done in a way to sample trees among a range of trunk diameters, the last trait being an estimate of the tree age. Physical traits, evaluated on each of ten fruits sampled from all harvested trees, were: fruit total weight; external mesocarp weight; total weight of put?mens; mean weight of put?mens; number of put?mens; total weight of pulp; and mean weight of pulp. Chemical and physic-chemical traits, evaluated in five trees from each population, were: humidity; ashs; lipids; proteins; total carbohydrate; pH; total soluble solids; and total acidity. The mother trees effects were significant for all traits (P<1%), while the populations were only for two traits (5%<P<10%). Estimates of correlations among physical traits were all positive and some of them significant. For chemical and physic-chemical traits there were positive and negative correlations, most not significant. Estimates of correlations between trunk diameter and each physical variable were all positive, being significant for two traits (P<5%). Positive and negative but not significant correlations were observed for chemical and physic-chemical traits. Mother tree selection for traits that showed non significant or significant and positive correlations with trunk diameter may promote genetic gain in their descendents for vegetative propagation but the same assertion can?t be said when propagation is carried out by seeds. Mother tree age is not expected to cause any effect in genetic gains for these traits.