The purpose of this master's thesis is to explore how priests interpret the parables in the fourth chapter of the Gospel of Mark using a hermeneutic qualitative approach and semi-structured interviews. The aim is to shed light on a selected group of priests in their roles within the context of the Church of Sweden, where interpretation is a part of their work, primarily focusing on the parables in the fourth chapter of Mark's Gospel and how this is done in interpretation, both in encounters with individuals and in preaching. An inductive approach has influenced the study, which also permeates the qualitative method with a focus on creating understanding to gain knowledge about the nature of these various phenomena among four priests. Generalization is not possible due to the small number of informants for making overall generalizations. Nor is it what has been sought. The aim of qualitative research is to gain a deeper understanding of a phenomenon and to illuminate how individuals experience it in their context. The study aims to understand how a specifically selected group of individuals, namely priests who have worked for an extended period within the Swedish Church, interpret the parables in Gospel of Mark.

This study involves an investigation into the use of satire and humour as strategies of communication. The poetry of four Tsonga poets selected for study includes these strategies which are investigated for the purpose of determining the extent to which they function as strategies of communication. The study consists of four chapters which can be summarized as follows: CHAPTER 1 contains the introduction, aim, scope and method of approach of the entire study. Theories and definitions of satire and humour are also presented here. In CHAPTER 2 the poems selected for study are analysed in terms of invective, subtle and light-hearted satire. CHAPTER 3 focuses attention on the style of presentation of comic and derisive humour. CHAPTER 4 highlights and elucidates the most significant findings of the study. The most competent poet of the four at using satire and humour is identified and his excellence declared and justified / African Languages / M.A. (African languages)

Cette thèse préparée au CEA Leti, Minatec Campus, Grenoble, et à l’IMS, Bordeaux, s’inscrit dans le thème du traitement de l’information pour des données protéomiques. Nous cherchons à reconstruire des profils protéiques à partir des données issues de chaînes d’analyse complexes associant chromatographie liquide et spectrométrie de masse. Or, les signaux cibles sont des mesures de traces peptidiques qui sont de faible niveau dans un environnement très complexe et perturbé. Ceci nous a conduits à étudier des outils statistiques adaptés. Ces perturbations peuvent provenir des instruments de mesure (variabilité technique) ou des individus (variabilité biologique). Le modèle hiérarchique de l’acquisition des données permet d’inclure ces variabilités explicitement dans la modélisation probabiliste directe. La mise en place d’une méthodologie problèmes inverses permet ensuite d’estimer les grandeurs d’intérêt. Dans cette thèse, nous avons étudié trois types de problèmes inverses associés aux opérations suivantes: 1. la quantification de protéines cibles, vue comme l’estimation de la concentration protéique, 2. l’apprentissage supervisé à partir d’une cohorte multi-classe, vu comme l’estimation des paramètres des classes, et 3. la classification à partir des connaissances sur les classes, vue comme l’estimation de la classe à laquelle appartient un nouvel échantillon.La résolution des problèmes inverses se fait dans le cadre des méthodes statistiques bayésiennes, en ayant recours pour les calculs numériques aux méthodes d’échantillonnage stochastique (Monte Carlo Chaîne de Markov). / This thesis has been prepared at the CEA Leti, Minatec Campus, (Grenoble, France) and the IMS (Bordeaux, France) in the context of information and signal processing of proteomic data. The aim is to reconstruct the proteomic profile from the data provided by complex analytical workflow combining a spectrometer and a chromatograph. The signals are measurements of peptide traces which have low amplitude within a complex and noisy background. Therefore, adapted statistical signal processing methods are required. The uncertainty can be of technical nature (instruments, measurements) or of biological nature (individuals, “patients”). A hierarchical model, describing the forward problem of data acquisition, allows for includingexplicitly those variability sources within the probabilistic model. The use of the inverse problem methodology, finally, leads us to the estimation of the parameters of interest. In this thesis, we have studied three types of inverse problems for the following applications:1. quantification of targeted proteins, seen as estimation of the protein concentration,2. supervised training from a labelled cohort, seen as estimation of distribution parameters for each class,3. classification given the knowledge about the classes, seen as estimation of the class a biological sample belongs to.We solve these inverse problems within a Bayesian framework, resorting to stochastic sampling methods (Monte Carlo Markov Chain) for computation.

This study involves an investigation into the use of satire and humour as strategies of communication. The poetry of four Tsonga poets selected for study includes these strategies which are investigated for the purpose of determining the extent to which they function as strategies of communication. The study consists of four chapters which can be summarized as follows: CHAPTER 1 contains the introduction, aim, scope and method of approach of the entire study. Theories and definitions of satire and humour are also presented here. In CHAPTER 2 the poems selected for study are analysed in terms of invective, subtle and light-hearted satire. CHAPTER 3 focuses attention on the style of presentation of comic and derisive humour. CHAPTER 4 highlights and elucidates the most significant findings of the study. The most competent poet of the four at using satire and humour is identified and his excellence declared and justified / African Languages / M.A. (African languages)

Performance in Lesotho at senior level (COSC) has been poor. One of the subjects which is performed poorly is Biology 5090. This prompted the researcher to examine factors responsible for the poor performance in Biology 5090. The study also aimed at finding ways in which teachers envisage to improve Biology 5090 performance. Data was collected from three schools through semi-structured interviews and document analysis. The study also adopted the General System Theory (GST) as the theoretical framework. Data was analyzed in line with qualitative content analysis, and from the perspective of the GST. The data analysis scheme was developed and presented (appendix P). The results of the study showed that Biology 5090 performance was affected by factors such as human resources, and the transformation process. The study also suggested ways in which Biology 5090 performance could be improved in Lesotho. These include: in-serving training, team work and others. / Science and Technology Education / M. Ed. (Natural Science Education)

The thesis discusses the issues of communication of young people with mental disabilities. The theoretical part of the diploma work defines mental retardation. It shows the life of a mentally-disabled young person and explains the educational and employment opportunities of such young people. The theoretical part further focuses on the speech of persons with intellectual disabilities. It provides information about the development of speech and about impaired communication abilities. The work outlines the possibilities of speech therapy, its diagnostics and intervention. A diagnostic test oriented on the communication of young people with mental disability in selected situations of daily life was created within the practical part of the thesis. The speech of pupils was analysed on the basis of a test used in a selected two- year practical primary school, and on the basis of available documents and interview with the class teacher. A proposal of communication development was created for every pupil, which can be used in the preparation of the pupil's individual education plan. The contribution of the thesis is in the created proposal of measures for the development of communication of pupils at two-year practical schools, which is consistent with the school curricular documents. KEYWORDS...

Die Aktivierung des NF-kB Vorläuferproteins p100 und p105 erfolgt durch eine proteasomale Trunkierung, um die aktiven p52 und p50 zu erzeugen. Zur Erforschung wurde eine Massenspektrometrie-basierende Proteomik-Strategie entwickelt, die mit der gezielten Reaktionsüberwachungstechnik plus einer Isotopenmarkierung verwendet wurde. In einem endogenen murinen embryonalen Fibroblasten-System konnte gezeigt werden, dass beide Vorläufer zu den jeweiligen Produkten in einer parallelen und sich einander bedingenden Weise in Reaktion auf einen Lymphotoxin-β-Rezeptor-Agonisten verarbeitet werden. Unsere SRM-SILAC- Methode erlaubte die Unterscheidung von Prä-Stimulationsprotein-Populationen aus Proteinen, die de novo nach der Stimulation synthetisiert wurden, und zeigte eine Tendenz für ältere Vorläufermoleküle, sich einer Degradation zu unterziehen, während die de novo-Moleküle auf die Produkte verarbeitet wurden. Die langsame und anhaltende Kinetik, die ein typisches Merkmal des nicht-kanonischen NF-κB- Weges ist. Darüber hinaus, konnten wir beobachten, dass die hydrolytische Aktivität der AAA ATPase VCP / p97 in der Bildung von de novo p52 und p50 eine Rolle spielt. Durch ein MS-basiertes Screening für strahlungsinduzierte Protein-Interaktoren eines weiteren NF-κB-Players, der die regulatorische Untereinheit des IKK-Komplexes IKKγ / NEMO bildet, konnte der Enhancer von mRNA Decapping 4 (EDC4) entdeckt werden. Durch die zusätzliche Untersuchung der E3-Ligase, Parkin, konnte eine Verbindung mit dem NF-κB-Weg durch eine lineare Ubiquitinierung hergestellt werden. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass Parkin ist Hauptkomponenten des linearen Ubiquitin-Ketten-Assemblierungskomplexes (LUBAC). Die Proteomanalyse im Proteinkinase A (PKA) -Signalisierungsweg konnte zwei neuartige Regulationsformen identifizieren: K63-verknüpfte Polyubiquitinierung die katalytische Untereinheit von PKA, PKAC in Richtung eines lysosomalen pathways führt, und auch durch einen Pseudosubstrat-Hemmungsmechanismus. / Activation of the NF-κB precursor protein p100 and p105 by a specific proteasomal truncation to yield the active products p52 and p50 is a distinct feature of the non- canonical pathway but the mechanism governing it remains elusive. A novel mass spectrometry-based proteomics strategy was developed, using the targeted selected reaction monitoring technique in conjunction with stable isotope labeling for both absolute quantitation of proteins and to mark precursor protein populations relative to the application of the lymphotoxin β stimulation. In an endogenous murine embryonic fibroblast system, we have shown that both precursors are processed to the respective products in a parallel and interdependent manner in response to a lymphotoxin β receptor agonist. Our Dynamic SRM-SILAC method allowed distinction of pre-stimulation protein populations from proteins synthesized de novo post- stimulation, and revealed a tendency for older precursor molecules to undergo degradation while the de novo molecules went on to be processed to the products, accounting for the slow and persistent kinetics that are a hallmark of the non- canonical NF-κB pathway. In addition, the hydrolytic activity of the AAA ATPase VCP/p97 was implicated in the generation of de novo p52 and p50. An MS-based proteomics screen for specific, radiation-induced protein interactors of another key NF-κB player, the regulatory subunit of the IKK complex, IKKγ/NEMO, turned up the Enhancer of mRNA Decapping 4 (EDC4). This unexpected finding has expanded the known role of NF-κB regulation of protein levels beyond transcription into mRNA stability. Separate investigations into the ubiquitin E3 ligase, parkin, connected it to the NF-κB pathway through a linear ubiquitination it helps catalyze on IKKγ/NEMO. Proteomic analysis of polyubiquitin in the protein kinase A (PKA) signalling pathway helped to identify two novel modes of regulation: a lysosomal degradation pathway; as well as a pseudosubstrate inhibition mechanism.

The objective of my thesis was to provide a comprehensive survey on ownership as a legal institute and one of man's important values. It should be presented in the historical context and its development should be drawn up both over the course of several centuries and through various communities of people, whether under a totalitarian regime or free. My thesis consists of 4 major parts. Part 1 is dedicated to Roman law and includes chapters on the subject of ownership, acquisition of property, protection of ownership and limitations of ownership. Part 2 describes the development of ownership in our country. Specifically it analyses the General Civic Code - ABGB, Civic Code - 141/1950 Coll. and Civic Code - 40/1964 Coll. My objective was also to give at least a partial insight into the legal regulations regarding ownership in other states. Given the fact that this is an extensive matter, it appeared to be most effective to do a survey of ownership at the constitutional level in EU countries, namely Spain, Germany, Luxembourg, France, Greece, Portugal, Lithuania and Hungary, see Part 3 hereof. I assumed a more detailed treatment of ownership at the constitutional level would be applied in western countries. However, this hypothesis turned out to be wrong at least in the cases of Spain and Luxembourg....

Cette thèse préparée au CEA Léti, Minatec Campus, Grenoble, et à l'IMS, Bordeaux, s'inscrit dans le thème du traitement de l'information pour des données protéomiques. Nous cherchons à reconstruire des profils protéiques à partir des données issues de chaînes d'analyse complexes associant chromatographie liquide et spectrométrie de masse. Or, les signaux cibles sont des mesures de traces peptidiques qui sont de faible niveau dans un environnement très complexe et perturbé. Ceci nous a conduits à étudier des outils statistiques adaptés. Ces perturbations peuvent provenir des instruments de mesure (variabilité technique) ou des individus (variabilité biologique). Le modèle hiérarchique de l'acquisition des données permet d'inclure ces variabilités explicitement dans la modélisation probabiliste directe. La mise en place d'une méthodologie problèmes inverses permet ensuite d'estimer les grandeurs d'intérêt. Dans cette thèse, nous avons étudié trois types de problèmes inverses associés aux opérations suivantes: 1) la quantification de protéines cibles, vue comme l'estimation de la concentration protéique, 2) l'apprentissage supervisé à partir d'une cohorte multi-classe, vu comme l'estimation des paramètres des classes, et 3) la classification à partir des connaissances sur les classes, vue comme l'estimation de la classe à laquelle appartient un nouvel échantillon. La résolution des problèmes inverses se fait dans le cadre des méthodes statistiques bayésiennes, en ayant recours pour les calculs numériques aux méthodes d'échantillonnage stochastique (Monte Carlo Chaîne de Markov).

As wireless communication becomes an ever-more important and pervasive part of our everyday life, system capacity and quality of service issues are becoming more critical. In order to increase the system capacity and improve the quality of service, it is necessary that we pay closer attention to bandwidth and power efficiency issues. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a multicarrier modulation technique for high speed data transmission and is generally regarded as bandwidth efficient. However, OFDM signals suffer from high peak-to-average power ratios (PARs) which lead to power inefficiency in the RF portion of the transmitter. Moreover, in OFDM, the well-known pilot tone assisted modulation (PTAM) technique utilizes a number of dedicated training pilots to acquire the channel state information (CSI), resulting in somewhat reduced bandwidth efficiency. In this dissertation, we will address the above mentioned bandwidth and power efficiency issues in wireless transmissions. To avoid bandwidth efficiency loss due to dedicated training, we will first develop a superimposed training framework that can be used to track the frequency selective as well as the Doppler shift characteristics of a channel. Later on, we will propose a generalized superimposed training framework that allows improved channel estimates. To improve the power efficiency, we adopt the selected mapping (SLM) framework to reduce the PARs for both OFDM and forward link Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). We first propose a dynamic SLM algorithm to greatly reduce the computational requirement of SLM without sacrificing its PAR reducing capability. We propose a number of blind SLM techniques for OFDM and for forward link CDMA; they require no side information and are easy to implement. Our proposed blind SLM technique for OFDM is a novel joint channel estimation and PAR reduction algorithm, for which bandwidth efficiency power efficiency - complexity - bit error rate tradeoffs are carefully considered.