The purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent university students are regularly physically active, what motives and barriers they perceive towards exercise and the relationship between motivational profile, self-efficacy and exercise behaviors. A questionnaire including the instruments Physical Activity Stages of Change, BARSE, BREQ-2 and Exercise Adherence Questionnaire was distributed at a university in southern Sweden. The respondents (n = 251) were Men (n = 104) and Women (n = 147). For analysis and processing of the gathered data SPSS was used with One-Way ANOVA, Pearson's r and Regression Analysis. The study showed that 70 percent of the students were regularly physically active. The most common motives for exercise were to improve health and increase physical strength whilst the most frequent barriers were lack of motivation and lack of energy/fatigue. The results also revealed positive correlations between identified regulation, intrinsic regulation, barrier self-efficacy and physical activity.

Self-advocates and professionals in the field agree on the critical importance of providing self-advocacy and leadership training to youth with disabilities. Youth Leadership Forum (YLF) programs have been developed and implemented nationwide to provide a training venue for youth with disabilities to gain self-advocacy and leadership skills. The problem is the lack of empirical evidence validating the effectiveness of self-advocacy training provided through the YLF training format. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the Texas Statewide Youth Leadership Forum (TXYLF) summer training event on the self-advocacy abilities of high school students with disabilities, and to examine the interaction effect of disability type and gender on the improvement of self-advocacy abilities. To accomplish this purpose, a Non-Equivalent Groups Design (NEGD) was selected and used. The target population for this study was high school youth with disabilities in the state of Texas. The final sample included 68 youth. The TXYLF Pre/Post Questionnaire was the instrument used to measure the participants? self-advocacy abilities. The pretest was administered the week prior to the training event. The posttest was administered to the treatment group immediately following the training event and to the control group in the two weeks following the training event. Descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted to answer the primary and the exploratory questions. The inferential analyses included an ANCOVA and two factorial ANOVAS. Results indicated that the training had a positive effect on the selfadvocacy abilities of the participants. The results of the ANOVAs indicated (a) type of disability did not interact with treatment to affect the self-advocacy abilities of these participants, and (b) gender did not interact with treatment to affect the self-advocacy abilities of these participants. A descriptive and inferential post hoc examination of the treatment group data yielded an interaction by treatment effect for disability type indicating the treatment was more effective for participants with Developmental Disabilities. Future research studies should focus on replication of the current study results and examination of the long term effects of the self-advocacy training for youth with disabilities. In designing these studies, group designs should be considered and used.

<p>Uppsatsens övergripande syfte är att granska kommunernas roll och självstyrelse i en föränderlig samhällsorganisation. Ansvarskommitténs reformförslag till ny samhällsorganisa-tion granskas genom att undersöka tidigare kommunindelningsreformer som genomförts i Sverige. Detta för att förstå de demokratiska effekterna av dessa förändringar.</p><p>Resultat av den forskning som uppsatsen redovisar visar att reformerna har påverkat den kommunala demokratin, främst genom att antalet förtroendevalda har minskat samtidigt som antalet kommunala tjänstemän ökat. Avståndet mellan valda och väljare har växt. De svenska partierna har problem i hanteringen av den demokratiska processen och förank-ringen på den kommunala såväl som på den nationella nivån.</p><p>Uppsatsens metod är en kvalitativ textanalys. Det material som ligger till grund för uppsat-sen är inhämtat från tidigare kommunaldemokratisk forskning, statliga utredningar samt böcker och annan litteratur som behandlar ämnet för uppsatsen.</p><p>Uppsatsens slutsats blir att Ansvarskommitténs reformförslag till ny samhällsorganisation, till stor del, betraktar kommunerna som en integrerad del i genomförandet av statens välfärdspolitik. Kommunerna ska vara statens förlängda arm ute i landet och genomföra den nationellt beslutade politiken.</p><p>Ytterligare en slutsats är att Ansvarkommitténs förslag tar de svenska partiernas roll för gi-ven. Det tycks finnas en uppfattning om att partierna ska klara av den demokratiska pro-cessen. Detta trots att partierna redan idag har problem på många områden. Inte minst när det gäller medborgarnas förtroende samt att allt fler medborgare väljer att engagera sig politiskt i andra organisationer och på andra sätt. Detta beskrivs ske utifrån ett medborgarperspektiv.</p><p>Därmed är det förvånade att Ansvarskommittén inte ägnat större utrymme och tid åt att undersöka de demokratiska effekterna av det reformförslag man lägger fram rörande den svenska samhällsorganisationen.</p> / <p>The essays main aim is to investigate the municipality’s role and independence in a changing society organization. The responsibility committees (Ansvarskommittén) reform proposal, regarding a new society organization, are studied through examine earlier municipality subdivision reforms that has been implemented in Sweden. This in order to understand the democratic effects of these changes.</p><p>Result of the research that the essay present shows that these reforms have influenced the municipal democracy, in front through that the number of elected representatives have decreased, at the same time as the number of municipal officials increased. The distance between voter and elected has increased. The political parties have problem handling the democratic process on the municipal as well as on the national level.</p><p>The essay method is a qualitative text analysis. The material for the essay is acquired from earlier municipal democratic research, state inquiries, books and other litterateur that treats the matters for the essay.</p><p>The essays conclusion becomes that the responsibility committee reform proposal for a new society organization, to a large extend, is considered as an integrated part of the implementation of national welfare politics. The municipalities are imagined to function as the central governments extended arm and to realize nationally decided policys.</p><p>Yet another conclusion is that the responsibility committee takes the function for the political parties for granted. The political parties are considered to handle the democratic process on the local as well as on the national level, despite that the political parties have problems in many areas. Especially, when it comes to gathering citizen’s trust towards political parties. Also when considering that many citizens prefer to take an active interest in politics through other organisations and in other ways.</p><p>Thereby, it is surprising that the responsibility committees not devote more room and time examining the democratic effects of the reform proposal they puts forward, concerning the Swedish society organization.</p>

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Waikato, 2007. / Originally presented as the author's M.A thesis, Waikato University, 2008.

Background: Knatteskutt is one of the largest organizations in children's sports. Operations are located in approximately 150 cities / areas and have both sports and dance focus. The children are aged 3-7 years and may try several sports activities or dance styles during the semester, focusing on play and motor skills. All who are leaders at Knatteskutt has undergone Swedish Sports Promotion of Child Leaders Training. There are also regional managers around Sweden is as a sounding board for leaders and as an extended arm between the office and the leaders. Everybody who works as regional manager has been every leader Knatteskutt. Earlier research on the Knatteskutt, according to a search I did on uppsatser.se. Through the study, I wanted to even find out what it is that motivates the leaders of Knatteskutt why it continues to lead the children's sports / dance. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the leaders' experiences of leadership. To find out the used self-determination theory. Method: A qualitative approach was used to explore the feelings and experiences of the individual. All six interviews stage through Skype where the calls were recorded. Results: The results of the study show that leaders motivated by the children, which means that leaders are driven by internal motivation. Most of the participants agreed that cooperation between the office and the regional manager worked well. But almost all the leaders made comments on how customers improve cooperation. According to my results, it is important to consider when leading sports / dance for children will keep all the leaders agree that you will see all the children, to be clear, flexible, that moment of Knatteskutt should be fun.

The purpose of this study is to explore the coaches' perceptions, motives and constructed identities by participating in a regional physical activity-based positive youth development program. There is growing evidence that suggests the success of positive youth development (PYD) programs depend on the environment that is created by caring adult mentors. These coaches are the delivery vehicles for these programs and play an essential role in the development of participating youth. As a result, the characteristics these coaches possess are critical to the success of the PYD implementation. Based on the application of anthropological methods and theory, this study seeks to create a profile of the coaches and propose strategies for recruitment and retention for a regional council of Girls on the Run. The main findings from this study indicate that the coaches' network is strong within this community and contributes the success of the program and its sustainability. These women are driven by altruistic factors to become involved in this program and most were previous volunteers in some capacity (n=12). However, there seems to be an even distribution along the self-determination continuum that motivates them to participate. Intrinsic motivation (n=5), intrinsic motivation driven by external factors (n=5), and extrinsic motivation (n=3). Additionally, these findings can be translated into recommendations for other councils.

My research builds upon interdisciplinary trends in Native scholarship emphasizing tribal-specificity; attention to understudied periods, writers, and texts; and a political commitment to engage contemporary challenges facing Indigenous communities. My dissertation examines the persistence of nationhood in Cherokee writing between the dissolution of the Cherokee government preceding Oklahoma statehood in 1907 and political reorganization in the early 1970s. Situating writing by John Milton Oskison, Rachel Caroline Eaton, Rollie Lynn Riggs and Ruth Muskrat Bronson explicitly within the Cherokee national contexts of its emergence, I attend to the complicated ways they each remembered, imagined, narrated and enacted Cherokee nationhood in the absence of a functioning state. Often read as a transitional “dark age” in Cherokee history, this period stands instead as a rich archive of Cherokee national memory capable of informing contemporary debates in the Cherokee Nation and Native Studies today. / text

A current national priority is improving secondary school mathematics performance. Middle school students’ trust in their mathematics teachers can lead to better relationships and increased feelings of competence, or mathematics self-efficacy, which is consistently linked to achievement. Student trust is based on perceptions of a teacher’s competence, benevolence, openness, reliability, and honesty. To determine the effect of trust in a teacher on student mathematics self-efficacy while accounting for the non-independence due to shared classroom experiences, hierarchical linear modeling will be utilized. Controlling for prior achievement, mathematics self-efficacy is expected to be higher for students who perceive their mathematics teacher meets more of the criteria for trust, with a stronger effect for low-achieving students. The implications of the outcomes of the proposed study suggest the creation of a training program to facilitate trust building between students and teachers. This report also includes an evaluation plan which details the components of the trust building program, a model for the program, and the proposed method to measure the reported outcomes. / text

The number of students with learning disabilities (SLD) at post-secondary institutions continues to grow. Research has found that SLD who use accommodations at their post-secondary institution are more successful in university than those who do not. Yet, research suggests that SLD do not request accommodations at expected levels. Disability self-disclosure is important to SLD because they need to self-disclose their disability to university personnel to obtain accommodations. The reasons for lower levels of self-disclosure by SLDs to university personnel remain unclear. Self-determination, attitudes towards requesting accommodations, and level of self-disclosure (i.e., psychological factors) has individually been identified as possible factors that affect disability disclosure. To date, no study has investigated the effects of these factors on SLD disability disclosure in higher education. This study’s purpose was to investigate differences in psychological factors between two SLD disclosure groups (i.e., no disclosure and university and classroom disclosure). In addition, the study examined what factors SLDs consider when deciding if they will self-disclose their disability to university personnel. To achieve these goals, 31 undergraduate students with learning disabilities completed a mixed methods study comprised of quantitative scales and a qualitative interview. The Self-Disclosure Scale, the Attitudes Towards Requesting Accommodations Scale, and the Revised Self-Disclosure Scale were utilized to measure psychological factors. A 30 minute semi-structured interview was administered to 15 participants to further explore what factors SLD take into consideration when making self-disclosure decisions. Results indicate that the total scores on the Attitude Towards Requesting Accommodations scale, Self-Determination Scale, and the Self-Disclosure Scale were significantly different between self-disclosure groups. Data from student interviews uncovered nine factors that seemed to influence SLDs’: (a) decision to disclose and (b) how deeply they disclosed. Four key qualitative findings that arose from this study were: (a) all SLD report having extensive academic difficulty; (b) students who do not disclose seem to rely solely on informal compensating mechanisms rather than formal accommodations; (c) even in favorable circumstances SLDs may not wish to disclose their disability; and (d) SLD experiences with faculty seem to influence why some students disclose more deeply while other students disclose at a surface level. / text

Given extensive research highlighting the benefits of need-supportive practices and need satisfaction, it seems likely that academic advisors who use practices found to be need-supportive in classroom, work, and other contexts, will foster students’ perceived autonomy and competence toward the academic major decision-making process and facilitate longer-term goals of enhancing motivation and satisfaction with their academic coursework. A longitudinal study was conducted in order to examine the stability in perceptions of college students' academic major decision-making experience over time as a function of need-supportive advising. The study also examined the stability in satisfaction and motivation outcomes as a function of need-supportive advising over time. Participants included undecided students who completed an online survey at three time points during either the 2012-2013 or 2013-2014 academic year. The online survey included measures assessing perceptions of advisors' needs-supportive practices, students' autonomous and competent decision-making, satisfaction with and motivation for coursework, and subjective well-being, as well as demographic characteristics. Analyses on several models were performed using Mplus version 6.12. Results suggest need-supportive advising at the beginning of the academic year predicts improved academic satisfaction, academic efficacy, subjective well-being, and value toward coursework toward the end of the academic year particularly when advising sessions satisfy students need for competence throughout the year which, in turn, provides students with increased competence about choosing an academic major. Implications and future directions are discussed. / text