Syfte med denna rapport är att kartlägga befintlig kostnadsreduceringsaktiviteter avseende monteringseffektivitet av produkter inom Volvo PV. Samt att genomföra en informationssökning för identifiering av metoder i andra branscher. Rapporten är upplagd på så sätt att först beskrivs kort företaget och syftet med arbetet. Därefter beskrivs de begränsningar och de metoder som valts att användas vid informationsinhämtningen. Efter detta kommer en teoridel där det utförligt beskrivs ett antal kostnadsreducerings metoder/aktiviteter, hur de genomförs och deras fördelar, nackdelar, kostnader och förväntat resultat. De metoder/aktiviteter som här är beskrivna har valts ut i samråd med handledaren, en del används inom Volvo PV andra kommer från Lean-koncept. Därefter redovisas resultatet från ett antal interjuver av olika personer på Volvo PV och efter detta görs en sammanställning i matrisform som kortfattat visar informationen ifrån teoridelen för varje aktivitet och därefter en matris som visar hur mycket resurser de olika metoderna/aktiviteterna uppskattningsvis kräver. Merparten av de metoder/aktiviteter som beskrivits i denna rapport används i någon form inom Volvo PV, men det saknas en utförlig jämförelse av de olika metodernas användbarhet. / Uppsatsnivå: C

Background: Research today highlights the importance of values alignment, but all of the research has been conducted on manufacturing companies. We found it interesting to investigate if the same theories are applicable to the knowledge-intense service sector, such as consultancy firms. Furthermore, research has identified a set of key attributes of successful teamwork, which we find closely related to values alignment. Despite this, we found no previous research within this area. Purpose: This study investigates the connections between values alignment and teamwork at a consultancy firm. Method: Our research was conducted as a case study at the department of Management at a consultancy firm. A survey, based on Barrett’s (2008) Seven Level Consciousness, and Cultural Values Assessment models, was carried out. However, we have modified the model to fit Swedish work-related values. We conducted pre-survey, and follow-up survey interviews with employees at the consultancy firm, as well as an interview with a former employee. This triangulation of information gathering techniques allowed us to ensure the validity of our study. Conclusion: We found a set of four clear relations between values alignment and, what previous research has identified as, key success factors of successful teamwork. Commitment, guidance in decision making, quality of outcome and reduced interpersonal conflicts are all outcomes of values alignment, and they are in different ways connected to one or several of commitment to success and shared goals, commitment to team processes and accountability, interpersonal skills, open communication and feedback or interdependencies. / Bakgrund: Dagens forskning belyser vikten av att ha en gemensam värdegrund, men så vitt vi kan se sträcker sig forskningen till att enbart involvera tillverkningsföretag. Vi tyckte att bristen på forskning inom kunskapsintensiva serviceföretag, så som konsultföretag, var intrigerande och bestämde oss för att undersöka huruvida befintliga teorier är applicerbara även på den här sektorn. Forskning har även identifierat ett antal faktorer som kännetecknar framgångsrikt teamwork, vi anser att dessa faktorer är kopplade till att ha en gemensam värdegrund. Trots detta har vi inte hittat någon tidigare forskning inom det här området. Syfte: Den här uppsatsen undersöker sambandet mellan att ha en gemensam värdegrund och teamwork på ett konsultföretag. Metod: Den här undersökningen är genomförd som en fall studie på Mana-gementavdelningen på ett konsultföretag. Vi sände ut en enkät till de anställda, som byggde på Barretts (2008) Seven Level Consciousness och Cultural Values Assessment modeller. Vi har dock anpassat enkäten till att stämma överens med svenska arbetsrelaterade värderingar. Förutom detta genomförde vi intervjuer innan enkäten skickades ut, samt uppföljningsintervjuer. Utöver de intervjuerna, gjorde vi även en intervju med en före detta anställd på företaget. Den här trianguleringen gjorde det möjligt för oss att försäkra validiteten för vår undersökning. Slutsats: Vi fann fyra tydliga kopplingar mellan fördelarna med att ha gemensam värdegrund, och vad som genom tidigare forskning har identifierats som framgångsfaktorer för teamwork. Engagemang, stöd för beslutsfattande, kvalitet samt en minskning av sociala konflikter är alla effekter av att ha en gemensam värdegrund. Dessa är på olika sätt relaterade till en eller flera av följande; engagemang i framgång och delade mål, engagemang till team processer och ansvarsskyl-dighet, social kompetens, öppen kommunikation och feedback eller ömsesidigt beroende.

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research today highlights the importance of values alignment, but all of the research has been conducted on manufacturing companies. We found it interesting to investigate if the same theories are applicable to the knowledge-intense service sector, such as consultancy firms. Furthermore, research has identified a set of key attributes of successful teamwork, which we find closely related to values alignment. Despite this, we found no previous research within this area.</p><p><strong>Purpose:</strong> This study investigates the connections between values alignment and teamwork at a consultancy firm.</p><p><strong>Method:</strong> Our research was conducted as a case study at the department of Management at a consultancy firm. A survey, based on Barrett’s (2008) Seven Level Consciousness, and Cultural Values Assessment models, was carried out. However, we have modified the model to fit Swedish work-related values. We conducted pre-survey, and follow-up survey interviews with employees at the consultancy firm, as well as an interview with a former employee. This triangulation of information gathering techniques allowed us to ensure the validity of our study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> We found a set of four clear relations between values alignment and, what previous research has identified as, key success factors of successful teamwork. Commitment, guidance in decision making, quality of outcome and reduced interpersonal conflicts are all outcomes of values alignment, and they are in different ways connected to one or several of <em>commitment to success and shared goals, commitment to team processes and accountability, interpersonal skills, open communication and feedback or <em>interdependencies. </em></em></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p> / <p><strong>Bakgrund</strong><strong>:</strong> Dagens forskning belyser vikten av att ha en gemensam värdegrund, men så vitt vi kan se sträcker sig forskningen till att enbart involvera tillverkningsföretag. Vi tyckte att bristen på forskning inom kunskapsintensiva serviceföretag, så som konsultföretag, var intrigerande och bestämde oss för att undersöka huruvida befintliga teorier är applicerbara även på den här sektorn. Forskning har även identifierat ett antal faktorer som kännetecknar framgångsrikt teamwork, vi anser att dessa faktorer är kopplade till att ha en gemensam värdegrund. Trots detta har vi inte hittat någon tidigare forskning inom det här området.</p><p><strong>Syfte</strong><strong>:</strong> Den här uppsatsen undersöker sambandet mellan att ha en gemensam värdegrund och teamwork på ett konsultföretag.</p><p><strong>Metod:</strong> Den här undersökningen är genomförd som en fall studie på Mana-gementavdelningen på ett konsultföretag. Vi sände ut en enkät till de anställda, som byggde på Barretts (2008) Seven Level Consciousness och Cultural Values Assessment modeller. Vi har dock anpassat enkäten till att stämma överens med svenska arbetsrelaterade värderingar. Förutom detta genomförde vi intervjuer innan enkäten skickades ut, samt uppföljningsintervjuer. Utöver de intervjuerna, gjorde vi även en intervju med en före detta anställd på företaget. Den här trianguleringen gjorde det möjligt för oss att försäkra validiteten för vår undersökning.</p><p><strong>Slutsats:</strong> Vi fann fyra tydliga kopplingar mellan fördelarna med att ha gemensam värdegrund, och vad som genom tidigare forskning har identifierats som framgångsfaktorer för teamwork. Engagemang, stöd för beslutsfattande, kvalitet samt en minskning av sociala konflikter är alla effekter av att ha en gemensam värdegrund. Dessa är på olika sätt relaterade till en eller flera av följande; <em>engagemang i framgång och delade mål, engagemang till team processer och ansvarsskyl-dighet, social kompetens, öppen kommunikation och feedback eller <em>ömsesidigt beroende. </em></em></p><p> </p>

The flow around a finite square prism has not been studied extensively when compared with an “infinite” (or two-dimensional) square prism. In the present study, the effect of a wake-mounted splitter plate on the flow around a surface-mounted square prism of finite height was investigated experimentally using a low-speed wind tunnel. Of specific interest were the combined effects of the splitter plate length and the prism’s aspect ratio on the vortex shedding, mean drag force coefficient, and the mean wake. Four square prisms of aspect ratios AR = 9, 7, 5 and 3 were tested at a Reynolds number of Re = 7.4×104 and a boundary layer thickness of /D = 1.5. Splitter plate lengths of L/D = 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, and 7, were tested, with all plates having the same height as the prism. Measurements of the mean drag force were obtained with a force balance, and measurements of the vortex shedding frequency were obtained with a single-component hot-wire probe. A seven-hole pressure probe was used to measure the time-averaged wake velocity at a Reynolds number of Re = 3.7×104 for AR = 9 and 5 with splitter plates of lengths L/D = 1, 3, 5, and 7. These measurements were carried out to allow for a better understanding of how the splitter plate affects the mean wake of the finite prism. The results show that the splitter plate is a less effective drag-reduction, but more effective vortex-shedding-suppression, device for finite square prisms than it is for infinite square prisms. Significant reduction in the mean drag coefficient was realized only for short prisms (of AR ≤ 5) when long splitter plates (of L/D ≥ 5) were used. A splitter plate of length L/D = 3 was able to suppress vortex shedding for all aspect ratios tested. However, for square prisms of aspect ratios AR ≤ 7, the splitter plate is a less effective vortex-shedding-suppression device when compared to its use with finite circular cylinders, i.e. longer splitter plates are needed for vortex shedding suppression with square prisms. Wake measurements showed distinct wake velocity fields for the two prisms tested. For the prism of AR = 9, a strong downwash flow in the upper part of the wake became weaker towards the ground plane. For the prism of AR = 5, the downwash remained strong close to the ground plane. With splitter plates installed, the downwash became weaker for both prisms. The splitter plate was found to narrow the wake width, especially close to the ground plane, and led to the stretching of the streamwise vortex structures in the vertical direction, and increased entrainment towards the wake centreline in the cross-stream direction.

This dissertation endeavours to address an identified gap in literature concerning the relationship between New Zealand and the European Union (EU) in the field of research, science and technology (RS&T). Examination of the partnership begins with the creation of the Science and Technological Cooperation (STC) Arrangement in 1991 and comes to a close in 2008, following the Arrangement’s ‘upgrade’ to an STC Agreement on 16 July. During this time, the intensification of the EU’s activities in RS&T is evident. The Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) currently constitutes the most internationalised Programme to date. Identifying the complementary nature of New Zealand and EU research priorities thus suggests that now, more than ever, the New Zealand research community stands to gain from participation within such an inclusive venture. Aiming to assess the current status of New Zealand-EU research collaboration, the research identifies a number of recurring themes, both positive and negative, that influence the nature of the RS&T relationship. These themes focus on problems concerning visibility within the EU, geographical isolation from this important market, an absence of targeted domestic funding for New Zealand-EU RS&T collaboration and the unwieldy bureaucratic process of the Framework Programme. The research also determines the importance of both ‘official’ and ‘informal’ mechanisms’ in combating the outlined collaborative bottlenecks. Taking these themes into account, the thesis ultimately looks to provide recommendations concerning the future of New Zealand-EU engagement in this field.

A new phonological test, LINUS, for Swedish-speaking children between the ages of three and seven, has been developed at the speech and language pathology department at Linköping University. The aim of the present study was to create a reference manual for the long version of the new test. The participants in the present study were children between the ages of five to seven in a medium-sized municipality in the Northern part of Kalmar County, Sweden. In total, 124 native Swedish-speaking children (58 girls and 66 boys) with typical language development participated. The children were divided into two age groups, 5;0-5;11;31 and 6;0-6;11;31 years. The collected data was analysed with respect to acquisition of phonemes and word structure processes. Percentage of correctly produced words (PWC), consonants (PCC) and vowels (PVC) were calculated.All phonemes, except /s/, were established in both age groups. The phoneme /s/ was found to be either substituted or distorted. Among the 5-year old children /s/ was established for 84%, substitutions of /s/ were found in 7% and distortions were found in 23%. Among the 6-year old children /s/ was established for 88%. Substitutions of /s/ were found in 3% and distortions in 16% of the 6-year old children. The phoneme /r/ proved to be a borderline case for acquisition in the younger age group (91%). The most common word structure process in both groups was assimilation. A significant difference between the two age groups was found for assimilation (p=0,022), with lower occurrence in the older group. Two-consonant clusters (CC) and three-consonant clusters (CCC) were not frequently reduced, although it was found that CC-clusters were reduced more frequently than CCC-clusters. Both the age groups had high percentages of correctly produced words, consonants and vowels. The analysis revealed the following results: PWC for 5-years olds was 93% and 6-years olds 97%. PCC for 5-year olds was 98% and for 6-year olds 99%. PVC for both age groups was 100%. An age difference was shown for PWC, but not for the other measures. No gender differences were found. / Ett nytt fonologiskt testmaterial, LINUS, är framtaget för svensktalande barn. I föreliggande studie har referensmaterial till den långa versionen av det nya testet insamlats bland barn 5-7 år i en mellanstor kommun i norra Kalmar län. Totalt deltog 124 barn (58 flickor och 66 pojkar) med svenska som modersmål och typisk språkutveckling. Barnen delades upp i två åldersintervall, 5;0-5;11;31 och 6;0-6;11;31 år. Det insamlade materialet analyserades avseende etablering av fonem och konsonantkombinationer, samt förekomst av ordstrukturprocesser. Andelsmått för korrekt uttalade ord (PWC), konsonanter (PCC) och vokaler (PVC) beräknades.Samtliga fonem, utom /s/, var etablerade i båda åldersgrupperna. Fonemet /s/ realiserades med substitutioner eller kvalitativt marginella avvikelser (KMA). I 5-årsgruppen var /s/ etablerat för 84% av deltagarna. Bland 5-åringarna förekom substitutioner av /s/ hos 7% och KMA förekom hos 23%. I 6-årsgruppen var /s/ etablerat till 88%, och det förekom substitutioner hos 3% av 6-åringarna, och KMA förekom hos 16%. Fonemet /r/ visade sig vara ett gränsfall avseende etablering för den yngre åldersgruppen (91%). Den vanligaste ordstrukturprocessen för båda grupperna var assimilationer. Signifikanta skillnader mellan de två åldersgrupperna återfanns avseende assimilationer, p=0,022. Förekomsten av assimilationer minskade med stigande ålder. Tvåkonsonantskombinationer (CC) och trekonsonantskombinationer (CCC) visade sig ej vara påverkade av förenklingar i någon större grad. Dock visade sig CC-kombinationer vara mer utsatta för förenklingar än CCC-kombinationer. Båda åldersgrupperna hade höga andelar korrekt uttalade ord, konsonanter och vokaler. De två grupperna fick följande resultat: PWC för 5-åringar var 93% och 6-åringar 97%. PCC var 98% respektive 99% för grupperna. PVC var 100% för båda åldersgrupperna. Åldersskillnader kunde ses för PWC, dock inte för de andra måtten. Inga könsskillnader noterades.

This is a study of the Chicago Conspiracy trial of 1969-1970, where eight radical leaders were tried in connection to the riots during the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago, Illinois. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the meanings of the trial to American society in 1970 and from today's historical vantage point. Differing from first-hand accounts of the trial in the early 1970s, this study examines the different public perspectives of the trial through the use of such primary sources as underground newspapers, the defendants' writings, and appeals documents. Particular attention is devoted to the interpersonal relationships between the leading participants of the trial (the judge, attorneys, defendants, jurors, journalists, and spectators).The thesis is organized to highlight the major issues and controversies of the trial, while still addressing the personalities involved in the case. The context of the trial in an era of active American radicalism is examined both before and after the case was tried. An entire chapter is devoted to examining the diverse participants in the trial and the different roles they played in the event. Since the trial was so controversial because of legal issues and the conduct of the courtroom participants, a chapter has been devoted to both of these areas. Paticular attention is paid to events precipitating the prosecution of the eight radicals, including the Chicago Convention disorders and the federal grand jury that handed down the indictments. This organization lays a foundation for exploring the contemporary and historical significances of the trial in the conclusion of the study.

During the 1910s, there was an increasing concerted effort on the part of Canadian artists to create art and literature which would affirm Canada's sense of nationhood and modernity. Although in agreement that Canada desperately required its own culture, the Canadian artistic community was divided on what Canadian culture ought to be. For the majority of Canadian painters, writers, critics and readers, the future of the Canadian arts, especially poetry and painting, lay in Canada's past. These cultural conservatives championed art which mirrored its European and Canadian predecessors. Their domination of the arts left little room for the progressive minority, who rebelled against prevailing artistic standards. In painting, the Group of Seven was one of the first groups to challenge this stranglehold on Canadian culture. The Group waged a protracted and vocal campaign for the advancement of Canadian approaches and subjects. In literature, A. J. M. Smith and F. R. Scott began a similar movement to modernize Canadian poetry and reform critical standards. By examining the poetry, essays, criticism and archival material of these poets and painters, the thesis establishes strong parallels between the modernist campaigns of these two groups and investigates this cross-fertilization between the modern Canadian arts.

Habilitationsschrift--Hamburg. / Bibliography: p. 171-182.

Habilitationsschrift--Hamburg. / Bibliography: p. 171-182.