No / The primary objective of this book is to provide an analytical understanding of the nature, dynamics and complexity of the politics of economic regionalism through the prism of Sierra Leone in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). The book also discusses the following issues: the evolution of economic regionalism in West Africa and the conceptual framework for analysis; the expansion of the economic regionalism; developments within the West Africa sub-region with that of the transformation of the global economy and international political system; political, economic and security developments within ECOWAS; and the civil war in Sierra Leone.

yes / P5. The evaluation was undertaken by Bradford University, Channel Research Ltd, the PARC & Associated Consultants. The ACPP Sierra Leone Case study was carried out by Dr Jeremy Ginifer with Ms Kaye Oliver. Work was conducted in three phases. The first was London-based, and involved situating Sierra Leone ACPP activities in the context of UK approaches to conflict prevention and the overall policy framework of the ACPP. The second phase involved field work in Sierra Leone, whilst the third phase involved consultations in London with key government stakeholders. P7. The Sierra Leone Case Study is one of six studies undertaken within the framework of the evaluation of the CPPs. In accordance with the Terms of Reference (ToRs) and the Inception Report, the Evaluation placed maximum emphasis on the macro level: the policy processes in Whitehall by which decisions on allocations are made and implemented by the CPPs. Considerable attention has also been placed on the meso level: the degree to which CPP policies and activities in a given conflict form part of a coherent package of direct interventions by the international community and local actors to the problems of particular large scale deadly conflicts or potential conflicts. The micro-level of analysis (review of specific projects) confines itself largely to the way in which projects impact on the meso and macro levels. The Evaluation has not analysed systematically whether specific projects funded by the CPPs have been well managed and whether they have achieved their specific project goals. Single projects have been analysed to the extent that they reflect on the macro and meso levels. P8. The main findings of the evaluation, reflected in this Synthesis Report, are that the CPPs are doing significant work funding worthwhile activities that make positive contributions to effective conflict prevention, although it is far too early in the day to assess impact. The progress achieved through the CPP mechanisms is significant enough to justify their continuation.

No / Sierra Leone came to world attention in the 1990s when a catastrophic civil war linked to the diamond trade was reported globally. This fleeting and particular interest, however, obscured two crucial processes in this small West African state. On the one hand, while the civil war was momentous and brutal, affecting all Sierra Leoneans, it was also just one element in the long and faltering attempt to build a nation and state, given the country’s immensely problematic pre-colonial and British colonial legacies. On the other, the aftermath of the war precipitated a huge international effort to construct a ‘liberal peace’, with mixed results, and interrupted by the devastating Ebola pandemic. This made Sierra Leone a laboratory for both post-conflict and health crisis interventions. Sierra Leone examines over 230 years of its history and sixty years of independence, placing state–society relations at the centre of an original and revealing investigation of those who have tried to rule or change Sierra Leone and its inhabitants, and the responses engendered. It interweaves the historical narrative with sketches of politicians, anecdotes, the landscape and environment and key turning-points, alongside theoretical and other comparisons with the rest of Africa. It is a new contribution to the debate for those who already know Sierra Leone and a solid point of entry for those who wish to.

“The UN Peacebuilding Commission – Lessons from Sierra Leone” by political scientist Andrea Iro is an assessment of the United Nations Peacebuilding Commission (PBC) and the United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (PBF) by analysing their performance over the last two years in Sierra Leone, one of the first PBC focus countries. The paper explores the key question of how the PBC/PBF’s mandate has been translated into operational practice in the field. It concludes that though the overall impact has been mainly positive and welcomed by the country, translating the general mandate into concrete activities remains a real challenge at the country level.

Peace operations are considered to be hard to solve but Sierra Leone is by many thought to be a success despite major problems during the operations. Solving this conflict involved several dif-ferent actors which all contributed to the creating of peace. The purpose of this essay is to examine whether similarities between the way the conflict in Sierra Leone was solved and the method that Galula presents led to the positive outcome. This will be done by a qualitative textual analysis to demonstrate presence and absence of those parts that Galula claim are crucial to counter an insur-gency. Similarities between the method used at the solving of the conflict in Sierra Leone and Galulas method for counterinsurgency can be found. The similarities are not sufficient enough to claim that it was thanks to similarities to Galulas methods that peace was restored in Sierra Leone. / Fredsoperationer anses av många vara svåra att lösa men i Sierra Leone lyckades man trots att man stötte på stora problem under historiens gång. Vid lösandet av denna konflikt användes ett flertal olika aktörer som alla bidrog till skapandet av fred. Syftet med denna uppsats är att under-söka huruvida likheter mellan sättet man löste konflikten på och Galulas metod för upprorsbe-kämpning ledde till den positiva utgång man hade i fallet. Detta kommer att genomföras genom en kvalitativ textanalys för att påvisa förekomster och avsaknad av de delar som Galula menar är avgörande för att stävja ett uppror. Likheter mellan metoden som man använde sig av vid lösandet av konflikten i Sierra Leone och Galulas metod för upprorsbekämpning går att finna. Likheterna är inte tillräckligt stora för att kunna påstå att det beror på likheter med Galulas arbetssätt som man lyckades uppnå fred i landet.

Ce mémoire se propose d'examiner la guerre civile en Sierra Leone qui s'est déroulée de 1991 à 2002. Cet événement est extrêmement complexe, voire même unique, en raison de son histoire particulière. Les sources du conflit sont variées et ont des causes politiques, sociologiques, économiques et historiques. Pourquoi le conflit sierra-léonais a-t-il duré pendant plus de dix ans et cela malgré de nombreux efforts visant à mettre un terme au conflit? Afin de répondre à cette question, ce mémoire analyse les différentes dimensions de la guerre civile en Sierra Leone. Il débute par un survol historique afin de comprendre l'origine du conflit. Ensuite, il examine la fragilité de l'État sierra-léonais pendant la guerre et tente d'expliquer pourquoi la faiblesse de l'État a causé l'émergence des forces rebelles. Il se penche ensuite sur l'enjeu du diamant dans le conflit, puis se termine par une analyse des aspects internationaux qui ont influé sur le déroulement de la guerre en Sierra Leone, y compris l'instabilité régionale en Afrique de l'Ouest, le financement des rebelles, le manque de soutien de la part de la communauté internationale, ainsi que les différentes interventions régionales, britanniques et onusiennes. Malgré le nombre important de facteurs qui ont contribué à la poursuite du conflit, ce mémoire prétend que c'est la fragilité de l'État qui en est la cause majeure. En particulier, cette fragilité repose sur l'absence de structures suffisamment fortes pour maintenir l'ordre en Sierra Leone pendant la guerre. Tous les autres facteurs auraient eu moins d'effets à court et à long termes s'il y avait eu un État stable en Sierra Leone. Aujourd'hui, l'espoir règne en Sierra Leone, mais la reconstruction du pays reste importante pour qu'il puisse se redresser suite aux séquelles de la guerre. Le gouvernement sierra-léonais doit renforcer ses institutions nationales et mettre l'accent sur la protection de ses ressources naturelles, soit les diamants. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Sierra Leone, Guerre civile, Instabilité régionale, RUF, Diamant

The high rate of malnutrition (180/1000 live births) in Sierra Leone (U N Demographic Year Book, 1985) has become a major concern to the government, development agencies, medical and nutritional personnel. This study was designed to determine whether there were any significant differences between the nutritional status of the children women who participated in an FAO project and those who did not and was conducted in six villages in the Koinadugu District of Sierra Leone.By referring to a list of local protein rich foods, three-day recall of food frequency was done to estimate the protein intake. Anthropometric measures were collected and body mass index was determined. All measures were compared with standards for African-American population.The weight-for-age was significantly greater for the the 50th percentile than that of the non-project children (NPC). Protein intake less than the average of 57 grams, were seen among older children with lower weight-for -height percentile, suggesting that total food intake was inadequate for the older children. This researcher believes that the FAO project should continue but that nutrition education should be an important component of the program. / Department of Home Economics

Humboldt-Univ., Diss.--Berlin, 2007.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of English, 2007. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Apr. 7, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 215-220). Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.A.)--Carleton University, 1992. / Also available in electronic format on the Internet.