Skolmåltidsmiljön och dess påverkan hos högstadieelever - En jämförande analys av skolmåltider i klassrum kontra matsal / The environment around school meals and the effect on senior-level pupils - A comparative analysis of school meals in classroom versus refectory

Skolmåltidsmiljön och dess påverkan hos högstadieelever - En jämförande analys av skolmåltider i klassrum kontra matsal / The environment around school meals and the effect on senior-level pupils - A comparative analysis of school meals in classroom versus refectory

Skolmåltidsmiljön och dess påverkan hos högstadieelever. En jämförande analys av skolmåltider i klassrum kontra matsal. / The environment around school meals and the effect on senior-level pupils. A comparative analysis of school meals in classroom versus refectory.

The purpose of this study is to examine how school meals are organized in a selection of Stockholm's secondary schools and to examine the relationship between school meals and the different parameters that indicate each school's symbolic capital and educational capital. By looking at the statistics from each school on the basis of the final grade average, percentage of pupils with foreign background and gender, I examine whether it is possible to see a relationship between how schools organize meals and which pupils attend the school.  In my study, I systematically went through each school's website and tried to identify how school meals at each school are organized. To increase the validity of the study, I have also conducted a questionnaire survey by mail addressed to school principals.   In order to analyse and understand my results and put them in relation to my current knowledge about the schools in my sample, I am using Bourdieu's theoretical tools that a given aid, both in methodological and analytical purpose. Based on Bourdieu's theories of symbolic capital, cultural capital and educational capital, I can understand and analyse school meals are organized and focused as part of schools' symbolic assets in competition with other schools.   The first part of the study shows that there are four different organizational models for school meals, fully equipped kitchen and canteen, heating kitchen and canteen, school meals in restaurants and school meal card.    In the second part, I have examined the relationship between the type of organization for school meals used and the symbolic resources available at the school. I can conclude from the results that it is difficult to find a correlation between the symbolic resources and the different categories. But even though it is not possible to see all the schools' symbolic assets equally clear, there are still some very telling examples. In many ways, these examples can be seen as polar opposites to each other based on Mikael Palme’s concepts ”goal rational” and ”education oriented” schools.

Huvudsyftet var att utveckla recept och tillaga hållbara och vegetabiliska lunchalternativ till en blandkostmeny. De nya måltiderna skulle vara välsmakande och näringsriktiga enligt Nordiska näringsrekommendationer (2012). Med hjälp av creative design togs tio vegetabiliska luncher fram och näringsberäknades med hjälp av Dietist Net. Det utfördes ett gillandetest och en gruppdiskussion med 19 gymnasieelever. Erhållen feedback användes i förbättringsarbetet av måltiderna. Slutsatsen blev att genom att planera menyn efter måltider och med grönsaker som ungdomarna redan tycker om så skulle de lättare kunna vänja sig vid den vegetabiliska maten. Det fanns heller inga svårigheter att ta fram recepten, däremot vad det svårt att nå upp till önskad mängd av vitamin D, zink och järn i måltiderna, det fanns även svårigheter att hålla sig till de Nordiska näringsrekommendationerna (2012) för innehållet av salt i måltiderna. När det gällde de ekonomiska kraven fanns det heller inga direkta skillnader i kostnad vid jämförelse av de vegetabiliska menyerna med blandkostmenyerna, då vegetabiliska råvaror generellt sett är billigare än animaliska råvaror. Oatlys berikade havredrycken samt iMat var viktiga för att tillgodose måltiderna med tillräckliga mängder av B12 och vitamin D, de var dock även de mest kostsamma ingredienserna. Ekonomiskt kan det justeras enkelt beroende på vilka mål skolorna har med den vegetabiliska kosten. Genom att varva de vegetabiliska måltiderna med blandkostmåltider eller använda sig av mejeriprodukter i recepten istället går det att få ner priset på måltiderna. / The main aim was to develop recipes and prepare sustainable and vegetarian lunch alternatives based on a mixed diet menu. Ten vegetarian dishes were developed with creative design and the main focus was that the meals should be tasty and nutritious according the Nordic recommendations (2012). The nutritional value was estimated through the program dietist Net and an appreciation test and a group discussion was performed with 19 high school students. The resulting feedback was used to improve the taste and appreciation of the dishes among the adolescents. It was concluded that by planning the menu after dishes and vegetables that adolescents already enjoy, there would be no reason why they would not enjoy the dishes. There were also no difficulties in developing vegetarian recipes, but it was difficult to meet the Nordic recommendations (2012) regarding vitamin D, zinc and iron, and it was difficult to avoid high levels of salt in the dishes. To generate cost-estimates there were no noticeable differences, generally vegetables are cheaper than meat.   Oatlys enriched oat drink and iMat was important to ensure adequate amounts of B12 and vitamin D in the meals, however they were also the most costly ingredients in the vegetarian dishes. Economically, it can be easily adjusted depending on the goals the school set out with the vegetarian diet. By combining the vegetable meals with mixed diet meals or using dairy products in the recipes instead, it is possible to bring down the prices of the meals.