This paper discusses Karlstad’s sobriety committee view on the drinking as a societal problem during the period 1941–1950. The purpose of the study is to investigate how the sobriety committee in Karlstad saw drinking as a problem and what measures were put in place to deal with it between the years 1941–1950.The study used a qualitative research method, and the empirical material has consisted of Karlstad’s sobriety committee’s annual reports from the years 1941–1950. The material was read several times and sorted and reduced with the help of focused coding where clear problem areas, reasons behind the drinking and measures and their possible results were what was sought. The results were analyzed with the help of previous research and the theory of the actor and structure model.The results show in what way the drinking was considered problematic where the focus ended up on youth drunkenness and widespread illegal trade with alchohol. These two problems were also the clearest reasons for the city’s negative state of sobriety. Descriptions of the sobriety committee’s work and measures show a resignation. Using the actor and structure model, one sees how structures to curb drinking in the city emerged and were connected. One can find a problem with the social structures that the inhabitants grew up with contributed to increased drinking.

For women in recovery from complex trauma and substance abuse, the lack of posttreatment family reunification services such as family engagement, service delivery, and aftercare planning increase the likelihood of parental relapse and children reentering foster care. A primary caregiver's continued relapse can lead to longer out of home placement for minor children and a loss of parental rights, with a negative impact on both children and parents. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to examine the lived experiences of women in recovery, their sobriety practices, and how they reunified their families. The theoretical framework was Herman's trauma and recovery model. The research question focused on gaining a broader understanding of the complexities of substance abuse recovery among single-parenting women with trauma histories and their efforts to achieve and sustain family reunification. Data were obtained from interviews of 10 participants using an audio recording device and open-ended interview questions. Five themes emerged through analysis using open and axial coding: (a) choosing to remain sober, (b) cultivating and connecting, (c) trust and discovery, (d) trauma histories, and (e) aftercare and maintenance. Results indicated a possible connection between foster care recidivism and outdated aftercare services and practices. Improved aftercare practices could increase sustainability of reunified families and decrease the likelihood of relapse among caregivers in recovery. This study impacts social change by informing policy makers on state and federal levels of the needs of recovering parents and their families.

The purpose of this essay is to investigate what practical function religion or spirituality has for six members of Alcoholics Anonymous. Furthermore, the aim is to investigate and analyze the members' religious turning point and compare their views on religion and spirituality before and after sobriety. The methods used are qualitative semi-structured interviews where the collected material in the form of audio recordings will be transcribed to then carry out a narrative analysis on the transcribed material. The results show that religion or spirituality fulfills a practical function for all respondents and that their view of religion and spirituality has changed to a more positive approach. The respondents' turning point came in connection with the early steps in the twelve-step program where everyone created an individual religious or spiritual view.

[pt] O tema da Senhora Pobreza, abraçado por São Francisco, e o tema da Sobriedade Feliz, indicado na encíclica do Papa Francisco, Laudato Si , são estudados na espiritualidade franciscana, com origens na história medieval, na Regra Franciscana e um conjunto de documentos papais, junto da Laudato Si . Esses temas são importantes não só para o bem da Igreja, mas também para o mundo contemporâneo e para as gerações futuras. O objetivo principal é destacar o importante legado deixado por São Francisco, a sua compreensão da pobreza evangélica e apreciar sua relevância. Deste estudo, destacam-se os seguintes pontos: a pobreza evangélica se reflete na questão da aquisição de bens e na pastoral desenvolvida em diferentes lugares do mundo onde a presença franciscana é vista em ação; a relação entre a pobreza evangélica vivida por São Francisco e os ensinamentos do Papa Francisco. A metodologia implementada incluiu uma seleção de obras pertinentes ao tema, a análise desses textos, a comparação dos principais pontos relativos à espiritualidade e à pastoral, a constatação de eventuais continuidades e a compreensão de como a espiritualidade franciscana reacende e pode ajudar na busca por valores ou pode ser sustentada com o papado de Francisco. Os vários documentos e mensagens publicados pelo papa refletem a sua direção para uma Igreja pobre e preocupada com os mais necessitados, seguindo o projeto que vem de Jesus Cristo. Este projeto encontra-se no documento Laudato Si, e fala das preocupações socioambientais e da resposta do ser humano que pode alcançar vivendo uma vida de sobriedade feliz. A tese também contribui para apresentar uma melhor compreensão da Senhora Pobreza. A pobreza evangélica, seguida por São Francisco de Assis, é analisada e se baseia em diversos textos do Antigo e do Novo Testamento. A pesquisa inclui comentários de vários franciscanos que propiciam uma melhor compreensão sobre o tema e permitem entender o legado da pobreza, servindo como tecitura entre as ideias de São Francisco e do Papa Francisco. Concluindo, este estudo deduz que há uma continuidade entre a pobreza da Igreja evangélica, abraçada por São Francisco de Assis – a Senhora Pobreza –, e a Laudato Si na conversão de valores para uma vida de sobriedade feliz. O estudo aprofundado confirma que os temas considerados são importantes hoje em relação ao evangelho, especialmente para os jovens, em termos de busca de uma vida melhor, que em essência seria uma vida com sobriedade feliz / [en] The theme of Lady Poverty, embraced by Saint Francis, and the theme of Happy Sobriety, indicated in Pope Francis encyclical, Laudato Si, are studied through the Franciscan spirituality, with origins in medieval history, the Franciscan Rule, and a set of papal documents, alongside Laudato Si. These themes are important not only for the good of the Church but also for the contemporary world and for future generations. The primary objective is to highlight the important legacy left by Saint Francis, his understanding of evangelical poverty and to appreciate its relevance. From this study, the following points are relevant for consideration: evangelical poverty is reflected in the matter of acquiring goods and in the pastoral care developed in different places around the world where the Franciscan presence is seen at work; the relationship between evangelical poverty experienced by Saint Francis and the teachings of Pope. The methodology implemented included a selection of works relevant to the topic, the analyzation of these texts, the comparison of the main points regarding spirituality and pastoral care, the noting of any continuities and the understanding of how Franciscan spirituality rekindles and can help in the search for values or can be sustained with the papacy of Pope Francis. During his pontificate, Pope Francis released several documents and messages that reflect his direction of a poor Church that is concerned about those in most need. It follows the project that comes from Jesus Christ. This project is found in the document Laudato Si, and speaks of socio-environmental concerns, and the response of human beings living a life of happy sobriety. Moreover, the thesis also contributes to presenting a better understanding of Lady Poverty. In addition, evangelical poverty, followed by St. Francis of Assisi, is analyzed, and is based on several texts from the Old Testament and the New Testament. The thesis includes commentaries from several Franciscans that help us understand the developed legacy of poverty and serves as a legacy of continuity between the idea of Saint Francis and Pope Francis and texts from Pope Francis that serve as pathways for young people. In conclusion, this study deduces that there is a continuity between evangelical church poverty, embraced by Saint Francis of Assisi – Lady Poverty –and Laudato Si and the conversion of values with a life of happy sobriety. The indepth study confirms that the themes considered are important today in relation to the gospel, particularly for young people, in terms of searching for a better life, which in an essence would be a life with happy sobriety.

Cette recherche s’intéresse à l’efficacité des registres communicationnels actuels dans une perspective de mobilisation des consommateurs dans la sobriété carbone. Afin d’examiner l’efficacité de ces registres, quatre études ont été menées, i.e. une « méthode-Q » et trois expérimentations. Les deux premières études visent à explorer le rôle des représentations visuelles (i.e. images) et linguistiques (i.e. contenus sémantiques) utilisées pour désigner le changement climatique dans la transmission des préoccupations, des perceptions et des intentions envers la décarbonisation. La troisième étude cherche à expliquer l’effet de l’exploitation de la saillance de mortalité dans ces registres (i.e., anxiogènes vs. informatives) sur les choix de consommation pro-environnementaux (vs. pro-matérialistes). La dernière étude cherche à confirmer qu’une saillance de mortalité, quel que soit son origine (e.g. le changement climatique ou les attaques terroristes) est générateur en majorité des choix de consommation pro-matérialistes (vs. pro-environnementaux). En s’appuyant sur les résultats des ces études, nous mettons en lumière, tout d’abord, la nécessité de modifier ces registres afin de réduire leurs effets négatifs et/ou contreproductifs. Ensuite, la nécessité d’adopter une stratégie de segmentation de la communication selon la vision culturelle du monde dominante des individus pour les engager dans une lutte effective contre le changement climatique. / This research focuses on the effectiveness of climate change communications in order to engage the consumer behaviour in carbon sobriety. To examine this effectiveness, four studies were carried out, i.e., a “Q-method” research and three experiments. The first two studies aim to explore the role of visual representation of climate change and semantic expressions, used to describe this phenomenon in conveying perceptions and attitudes towards decarbonisation. The third study aims to explain the impact of the type of communication (anxiety induced vs. informative) on consumption choices (pro-materialistic vs. pro-environmental). The last study seeks to confirm that mortality salience, whatever its origin is (e.g., climate change or terrorist attacks), generates mostly pro-materialistic consumption choices (vs. pro-environmental). Based on the results of these studies, we highlight, firstly, the necessity to modify these registers in order to reduce their negative and/or counterproductive effects. Secondly, the necessity to adopt a segmentation strategy of communication according to the cultural worldviews of individuals to engage them in an effective fight against the climate changes.

The MA thesis "Minimum Legal Drinking Age in the U.S.: A Reasonable Exception to Age of Majority?" examines the U.S. legal limit for consumption of alcohol from the perspective of policies aimed at controlling drunk driving because the minimum drinking age was set to twenty-one - higher than the age of majority - in order to reduce drunk-driving fatalities. The thesis analyzes different aspects of this issue and concludes that the high minimum legal drinking, which constitutes a severe limitation of personal freedom of those aged eighteen to twenty, did not fulfill the expectations with which it was introduced in 1984. The thesis suggests alternatives to the high age limit, and examines how and if they are implemented or what prevents their frequent use. The thesis has four parts: one provides basic facts about drinking, driving, and drunk driving in the U.S. society including the attitudes of the public toward the issue. The following part looks into the legal developments of the drinking age limits and legal challenges to the law arranging the age limit for its supposed unconstitutionality. The third chapter looks at the results of scientific research and suggests ways to deal with drunk driving more efficiently. The last part examines what prevents these more effective measures from being widely...

1 ABSTRACT Title: Calmness of Heart as Topos of the Epicurean Lifestyle Reflected in the Biographical Narration of Contemporaries Author: Pavlína Havlová Department: Oral History - Contemprorary History Supervisor: Mgr. David Bartoň Abstract: The proposed diploma thesis focuses on the presence of the Epicurean tradition in the biographical narration of selected contemporaries. The main emphasis is laid on substantiating relatedness between the thoughts that were formulated by the Greek thinker Epicurus at the turn of 3rd and 4th century BC and the values and lifestyle of the given individuals. The theoretical basis of the thesis is Epicurus's Letter to Menoeceus, which contains the explication of human life and ethics in particular. Based on the analysis of the letter, four general topics were defined (sobriety, moderation, internal and external lifestyle). These topics served as starting points for the interviews that also enabled their analysis and interpretation. The interviews were recorded using the oral history method, which facilitates individual approach to the scrutiny of biographical narration of selected contemporaries. Keywords: Epicurus, Epicurean, Ethics, Character, Sensibility (Temperance and Sobriety, Sophrosyne resp.), Happiness (Well-fare/Flourishing, Eudaimonia resp.), Moderation...

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