Women are more present in today's crime statistics and studies show that women are moredurable than men when it comes to risk factors concerning their upbringing and entrance tocrime, but how do women see themselves in the shadow of their former drug abuse? What aretheir opinions on gender differences, are there gender differences in organized crime and havethese had an influence on women's entrance and exit process from organized crime? With thisessay the main goal is to deep dive into former criminal and drug abusing women’s realm to findout how their experiences and opinions cooperate or differ in relation to the gender differencesthey have experienced through their participation in organized crimes. The goal is also toexamine the eventual gender biased entry and exit process of former drug abusing women andhow the opinions towards themselves as an ex-criminal woman are expressed in relation to this. This study has a qualitative research strategy as a starting point where five ex criminal women invarying ages and from different locations in Sweden were interviewed through semi structuredinterviews. The theories and concepts that were used as frame of reference for this essay areorganized crime, femininity, ex-criminal, gender, gender differences and stigma.  From the interviews it appeared that childhood trauma had been present in different levels for theparticipating women and also that the power structure was clearly divided in favor of the men inorganized crime. Moreover stories appeared aimed at the police force and deficiency in themanagement of exposed groups like this essay's socioeconomically exposed women.

This study examines football supporters' emotional expressions at football matches. The study uncovers this through the analysis of football supporters from the Stockholm-basedfootball club AIK, by conducting participant observation and ethnographic interviews.There has been a lack of studies specifically analysing the emotions of football supporters,particularly in anthropology. Thus, the essay aims to understand how specific emotions comeabout through an ecological approach to emotions, in combination with the concept ofemotional styles. The author shows how football supporters come to learn and remembercertain skills through the engagement with the environment, a process which the emotions arepart of, and how these engagements can shape certain emotional registers which are thencollectively displayed.

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As microcosms of German and Chinese societies, Munich Oktoberfest and Qingdao International Beer Festival are important manifestations of local culture. This study intends to answer the following question: to which extent are beer festivals in Germany and China related to local history and the local sense of place? A historical overview of the beer festivals in Munich and Qingdao is provided, as well as an analysis of how people seeking a sense of belonging creatively combine cognitive schemata of modernity with local cultural systems on a symbolic level. Through textual analysis and interviews, this study attempts to explore the historical development of beer festivals in Germany and China and provide an analysis case of place identity through beer symbols and tourist experience based on a historical and geographical framework regarding uniqueness, authenticity, liminality and local identity. Originating in local history, Oktoberfest has evolved from a folk festivity to a globally known tourist spectacle. Faced with modernisation, "Heimat" helps Germany in smoothing the tension between the traditional sense of place and the modern nation-state identity. As a former German colony, Qingdao celebrates its beer festival emphasising recreation and enjoyment above traditions. The local beer-related customs such as plastic bags and drinking with seafood reflect the cultural hybridity of Qingdao in which consumerism and nostalgia are combined in reaction to the vast tourism generated by globalisation and modernisation. It remains a challenge for beer festivals both in Germany and China facing homogenisation and commercialisation to maintain a genuine connection with people, especially the locals. Future work on beer festivals could explore a variety of beer events in other historical, national and contextual settings, different perspectives as well as genderisation, which will enrich the study on festival tourism and place identity.

This ethnographic study examines the state of entomophagy in Sweden amongst a group of ‘middle-class’ individuals living in urban areas of the country. In this endeavor, an analytical perspective that focuses on the embodied cultural-sensorial processes which influence how people perceive and engage with insects as food provides a richer picture, as opposed to an approach that privileges exclusively symbolic or discursive representations. The rejection of insects as food is not considered to be a fixed state, but instead as something continuously made in everyday life, and therefore subject to change. It is found that those that currently do not eat insects experience notions of aversion at the prospect, and this is because the presence of insects in food, and in places associated with eating, go against the sensibilities they have embodied as members of their cultural group. The absence of insects as food in Sweden is contextualized by discussing the history of entomophagy in Europe, the politics of commercially produced and sold insects, as well as the consequent non-existent market of insect-based food products in Sweden. The incorporation of insects into a number of enthusiasts’ consumption of food is also examined, focusing on the perceptual and sensorial negotiation that underlies this culinary integration. What is argued is that further attention should be given to the contextually situated bodily experiences associated with food and eating that determines the potential presence of insects in people’s consumption of food.

Bakgrund: En välstrukturerad introduktion från en handledande operationssjuksköterska kan ge goda förutsättningar för den nyutexaminerade operationssjuksköterskans utveckling. Att introduceras med förväntningar på en högre nivå än vad kunskaperna räcker till kan skapa förvirring, känsla av osäkerhet och otillräcklighet hos nyutexaminerade operationssjuksköterskor. Vilka förväntningar som handledande operationssjuksköterskor har på nyutexaminerade operationssjuksköterskor är mindre känt. Syfte: Att beskriva handledande operationssjuksköterskors förväntningar på nyutexaminerade operationssjuksköterskor. Metod: En kvalitativ metod tillämpades i denna studie för att kunna besvara studiens syfte. En intervjustudie med induktiv ansats. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys tillämpades. Tio erfarna operationssjuksköterskor som arbetade på operationsavdelning intervjuades genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultat: Resultatet presenteras i fem kategorier. Studiens resultat visade att handledande operationssjuksköterskors förväntningar på nyutexaminerade operationssjuksköterskor var att ha en viss självkännedom, kunna planera självständigt, ha grundläggande professionskunskaper, kunna samarbeta och kommunicera samt att ha viss handlingsberedskap. Konklusion: Handledande operationssjuksköterskors förväntade sig att nyutexaminerade operationssjuksköterskor behövde ha en viss självkännedom, det var viktigt att känna till sina begränsningar. Det fanns även förväntningar att kunna planera självständigt och ha grundläggande professionskunskaper. Förväntningar gällande samarbeta och kommunikation var viktigt för att förmedla information i operationsteamet. Handlingsberedskap förväntades även finnas vid oförutseddbara situationer. Nyckelord: Operationssjuksköterska, Förväntningar, introduktion för nyanställda.

In July 2020 France returned 24 human remains to Algeria, designating it as a ‘loan’ renewable every five years. These human remains, identified as skulls, by some considered as “war trophies”, were believed to belong to Algerian soldiers and tribal chiefs who fought against the French army’s invasion in the early 19th century. They are today buried in the Carré des Martyrs in Algiers, alongside other prominent figures from Algerian independence and politics. However, a New York Times investigation revealed in October 2022, that only 6 out of the 24 skulls had been clearly identified as belonging to resistance soldiers, while the rest were either of uncertain provenance or imprisoned thieves, and three were of soldiers of Algerian origin who had fought in the ranks of the French Army.  This thesis explores the intricate details, perspectives and interpretations that led to this contentious restitution. It argues that, while few people theoretically opposed the restitution, numerous complicated factors made the restitution multilayered and complex, and culminated in the oxymoronic notion of a permanent ‘loan’. The thesis analyses the various reasons behind the conclusions presented by The New York Times article. Three major groups significantly influenced the outcome of restitution: civil society, museums, and governments. The central argument revolves around the general taboo that has long existed regarding the crimes committed in the former French colonies, the reluctance of museums and the Ministry of Culture to accept restitutions, and the political exploitation of restitutions of cultural property and human remains for diplomatic, nationalistic and economic purposes.

The starting point of the study has been the various research reports on how reorganizations affect the work environment in modern working life. With the aim of delving into the unwanted effects of the reorganization and the employees' strategies to deal with dissatisfaction, the study was conducted among employees in the social administration. By gathering knowledge with the help of qualitative research interviews, it was possible to delve into the employees' individual experiences of the ongoing reorganization and the practical measures to deal with difficult changes. Reorganization, dissatisfaction, and strategies to deal with deteriorating work quality have been the central theoretical topic of the study. Despite indications from previous research that the side effects of reorganization usually lead to dissatisfaction, there were different experiences among employees in relation to their age and work experience. It emerged in the results that employees' individual experiences of the reorganization are deeply connected to their perceptions and expectations of the workplace. The study reveals that the reorganization requires a more inclusive implementation that considers employees' individual self-perceptions and expectations.Keywords: Reorganization, dissatisfaction, exit, voice, loyalty

“Community participation” is a common concept in contemporary development initiatives worldwide. As an approach, it aims to include the targeted population in its planning and implementation, by recognizing the need in understanding local contexts, beliefs, and values. As such, this thesis aims to explore the possibilities, as well as limitations, of community participation, specifically in the context of post-conflict development through a case study of a development project, The Bugesera Societal Healing Initiative (BSHI), in Rwanda. This is done within the theoretical context of the anthropology of development and post-development theory. Through ethnographical inquiry into the lives of BSHI participants suffering from trauma following the 1994 Genocide, this thesis conveys the essence for development organizations in catering to the specific needs of a given local population. In turn, this is placed in a broader discourse, within the development sector as a whole, to understand the limitations and obstacles in achieving comprehensive societal transformation. It is argued that, while development initiatives driven by the idea of community participation may succeed on a local level and positively impact the targeted population, it may still leave wider political structures perpetuating issues of, for instance, poverty unaltered. In this, it seems that for these structures to be addressed, it requires a more radical approach to development in which the status quo is being challenged.