This research analysis is an investigative effort at applying a methodological theory of Islamic extremism to Britain's far-right. Using four assigned categories-the defined 'puzzle pieces' of Hafez and Mullins theory-the research presented will draw heavily from recent history and contemporary societal examples to demonstrate how far-right radicalisation takes place. By looking at grievances, ideology, networks and enabling environment the aim of such an exercise is to demonstrate the intricate processes involved in radicalising someone to support far-right parties and ideologies. One of the most important themes of this analysis is the increasing politicisation of 'culture' by both the government and the far-right. Consequently, there will be discussion on Britain's Prevent programme and the far-right's adaptability in using culture to promote a 'new racism' that presents itself as different from traditional, fascist styles of Othering.

The aim of this study is to gain insight into the leadership processes and dynamics operative in the early Pauline churches. The study is based on Paul’s Early Letters (i.e. 1 & 2 Thessalonians, Galatians, 1 & 2 Corinthians, and Romans) and uses a combination of socio-historical and exegetical approaches. The idea that leadership in the early Pauline churches was determined by wealth, social status, and patronage is prominent in the literature, and is examined in detail. Recent research on the economic stratification of first-century Graeco-Roman society challenges the idea that leadership in the early Pauline churches was exercised by wealthy patrons. It can be observed in the Early Letters that Paul’s leadership role was the most prominent one, and that other leaders, both local and itinerant, were regarded as his coworkers. The study therefore examines Paul’s thinking about his own leadership role, especially his ministry aims and methods. Two aims stand out: (a) that believers appear blameless at the return of Christ; and (b) that the body of Christ be built up. Paul saw himself as an apostle and as God’s coworker; he was convinced that the gospel, as God’s power for salvation, received through faith, was the means by which these aims would be accomplished. Therefore his ministry was first and foremost a ministry of the gospel which aimed to establish people in faith. Passages relating to Paul’s coworkers show that they were ministers of the gospel in their own right, and that they shared in all aspects of Paul’s ministry except those pertaining specifically to his apostleship. Paul often refers to his ministry as a grace that he has received from God. The ministry of others is similarly understood in terms of grace (Rom 12:3-6). This observation leads to a study of divine equipping in the ministry of Paul and his coworkers. I conclude that, for Paul, the work of the Holy Spirit in empowering leaders and making their work effective was fundamental to authentic ministry/leadership. Finally, theoretical perspectives from leadership studies and social psychology are used to bring conceptual unity to the exegetical results. A definition of leadership is formulated and the wellknown power/interaction model of French and Raven is adapted and used to analyse leadership in the early Pauline churches. The aim is to understand both theological and socio-historical aspects of leadership and how they interacted in the early Pauline communities. I conclude that leadership in these communities entailed a social process in which the most important forms of influence were spiritual and empowering. A local leadership role had begun to develop, but was not yet formalized into an official structure. Overall, I conclude that the gospel of Jesus Christ, as God’s power for the salvation of all who believe, was the central dynamic of leadership in the early Pauline churches. / PhD (New Testament), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

This research expands on recent sociological studies which maintain that environmental contaminants in America are disproportionately placed in neighborhoods inhabited by minorities and the poor. Prior studies have focused on the predictor variables which identify areas of contamination near residential neighborhoods, yet fail to explore the socio-political and historical factors which contribute to these phenomena. The Environmental Protection Agency's Toxic Release Inventory 1990 database, the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission's Annual Report of the Hazardous and Solid Waste Program for 1992, and the U.S. Census Bureau's 1990 Census Data for Dallas County were utilized in pinpointing industries violating toxic release standards. Socio-historical data was obtained from government and historical records and reports, books, and newspaper clippings on Dallas County. Maps and data were obtained from the North Central Texas Council of Governments, and the cities of Dallas and Garland. Chapter I discusses the synergetic forces of capitalism, urban growth, uneven development, and settlement patterns resulting in the distribution of environmental contaminants. Chapter II reviews the literature and presents evidence that race and class are strong predictors of where environmental contaminants are located. Chapter III outlines the data and methods employed. Chapter IV traces the historical development of Dallas County. Chapter V details those political, economic, and social factors contributing to the convergence of people and contaminants within three selected neighborhoods. The forces which historically relegate minorities, particularly Blacks and Hispanics, and the poor to less desirable jobs, cheaper housing, and land costs are also explored. Cheap land and labor attract industry which, in turn, attracts more laborers. Chapter VI, the summary and conclusions, utilizes the socio-spatial approach in examining urban infrastructure development (i.e. roads and railways) which also reduces adjacent land costs making housing more affordable for minorities and the poor. This study concludes that because of historical development and capitalism's exploitation of labor, these populations become entrenched in neighborhoods located adjacent to those industries where contaminants are emitted.

This paper describes an alternative approach to the teaching of concepts related to the English Curriculum. It combines a shift in the theory of school teaching with psychological theory development. This research was conducted at a private, Catholic Secondary School in Johannesburg over a period of almost six months with a class of twenty Grade Ten students. The research was designed in response to the fact that many traditional, ‘rote’ teaching methods are not effective in the classroom and that an alternative needs to be found. This research aimed at testing the theories of the Sociohistorical school in order to ascertain whether they could provide clues as to methods that might be more conducive to real learning. Vygotsky’s (1978) theoretical construct of the Zone of Proximal Development, Hedegaard’s (1996) idea of a ‘double move’ and the ideas posited by Wells (1996, 1999) and Tharp and Gallimore (1988, 1992) form the theoretical basis for these ‘alternative’ teaching methods. The results shown in this paper indicate that a ‘double move’ is possible within the context of the English classroom and that the ideas of the Socio-historical school indeed provide an alternative method that is far more successful than those traditionally used in most classrooms.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2016-09-12T13:05:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MÔNICA BANDEIRA CORRÊA.pdf: 1466165 bytes, checksum: 33aa8c30fcb74a51d495f785baa44f7e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-12T13:05:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MÔNICA BANDEIRA CORRÊA.pdf: 1466165 bytes, checksum: 33aa8c30fcb74a51d495f785baa44f7e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-28 / This work linked to the Program Stricto Sensu Graduate of the Catholic University of Goiás, aims to understand the meanings of operations with elderly people for psychology professionals working in CRAS Goiânia. It also aims to grasp the meanings attributed to the Elderly, analyze the service offered to the elderly and their relationship with the Statute of the Elderly, and to discuss the contributions of the psychologist with the public policies of social assistance for the elderly. The research was conducted in 10 units CRAS goianienses developing care with older people, and had the subjects participating in 13 psychologists. This study of qualitative approach, was developed according to the assumptions of socio-historical psychology Vygotsky, anchored in the dialectical historical materialism, as support for the analysis of the investigated object. Based on methodological triangulation (Minayo, 2010), the set of information formed by the combination of literature review, followed by desk research and completed with empirical research, through interviews with each professional. The analysis of the meanings present in the speeches of the participants revealed how has developed the "doing" of psychology in social assistance area; the weaknesses of training in psychology reflected in the context of CRAS; instability in professional professional route due to poor working conditions; limited understanding of the elderly and the status of the elderly; the overlap of roles psychologist and social worker in public policies; and gaps in psychosocial work with the elderly in the field of basic social protection. From this it puts under discussion the need to rethink the psychology of contribution in the field of public policies on social assistance. / Este trabalho vinculado ao Programa de Pós-graduação Stricto-Sensu da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, tem como objetivo principal compreender os significados da atuação com pessoas idosas para os profissionais de Psicologia que trabalham nos CRAS de Goiânia. Também visa apreender os significados atribuídos ao Estatuto do Idoso, analisar o serviço oferecido para a pessoa idosa e sua relação com o Estatuto do Idoso, além de discutir as contribuições do psicólogo junto às políticas públicas da Assistência Social para a pessoa idosa. A pesquisa foi realizada em 10 unidades CRAS goianienses que desenvolvem atendimento com idosos, e teve como sujeitos participantes 13 psicólogas. Este estudo, de abordagem qualitativa, foi desenvolvido conforme os pressupostos da psicologia sóciohistórica de Vigotski, ancorada no materialismo histórico dialético, como sustentação para a análise do objeto investigado. Com base na triangulação metodológica (Minayo, 2010), o conjunto de informações se formou pela combinação da pesquisa bibliográfica, seguida da pesquisa documental e finalizada com a pesquisa empírica, por meio de entrevistas com cada profissional. A análise dos significados presentes nas falas das participantes revelou como tem se desenvolvido o “fazer” da psicologia na área de assistência social; as fragilidades da formação em psicologia refletidas no contexto do CRAS; a instabilidade no percurso profissional dos profissionais, devido às precárias condições de trabalho; a limitada compreensão sobre a pessoa idosa e o estatuto do idoso; a sobreposição dos papéis de psicólogo e assistente social nas políticas públicas; e as lacunas no trabalho psicossocial desenvolvido com os idosos no campo da proteção social básica. A partir disso, coloca-se em discussão a necessidade de repensar a contribuição da psicologia no campo das políticas públicas de Assistência Social.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-04-16T12:53:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Regiane de Araújo Vieira.pdf: 1157651 bytes, checksum: d24e8808ba811fc40c7506f1ebf46958 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-16T12:53:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Regiane de Araújo Vieira.pdf: 1157651 bytes, checksum: d24e8808ba811fc40c7506f1ebf46958 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-08 / The objective of this study was to understand the senses and meanings of a IEP director in relation to his / her role as mediator of classroom conflicts and specific objectives: a) to know the personal and professional life history of the investigated subject; b) identify aspects that shows changes in the subject’s performance. The data collection took place through a semi-structured interview through a visit of the researcher at the research subject school whose modality was composed of some closed questions with the purpose of characterizing the socioeconomic profile of the research subject and open questions about the object of study. During the analysis of the data collected through the interview, we realized the need to complement the research with some questions. Therefore, due to the difficulty in finding the subject of the research personally, since it was outside Sao Paulo, we conducted this second interview remotely. The subject of the research was a school director from the research site that attends the integral education, initial years, of the São Paulo state network. These interviews were recorded and transcribed by us for analysis purposes. For the analysis reference, we proceeded the steps as proposed by Aguiar and Ozella (2013), “nuclei of meaning”. Method: these nuclei were analyzed in the light of socio-historical theory and were based on historical and dialectical materialism. The study reveals that the investigated subject recognizes the importance of the role of the director in the mediation of conflicts that emerge from the classroom, that this mediation, besides serving as support to the teacher, is shown as modeling for the actions of the latter in which he contemplates the dialogue as main strategy. The present study also reveals that, although the director recognizes the importance of this role of mediator, it coexists with tasks that “divide” him between the administrative and the pedagogical tasks, but even though, when prioritizing mediation actions that involve conflicts, it is possible to turn difficulties into opportunities for growth and development of all actors in the school environment. In this way it can be concluded that there is a need for training of the director in which the use of dialogue is used to articulate administrative activities and pedagogical concerns. And furthermore because good interpersonal relationships are fundamental in one case as in the other / O presente estudo teve como objetivo geral apreender os sentidos e significados constituídos por um diretor do PEI quanto ao seu papel como mediador de conflitos em sala de aula. Entre os objetivos específicos, estão: a) conhecer a história de vida pessoal e profissional do sujeito investigado; b) identificar aspectos que sinalizam mudanças na atuação do sujeito. A coleta de dados ocorreu mediante visita da pesquisadora na escola do sujeito da pesquisa e entrevista semiestruturada composta de algumas questões fechadas com o intuito de caracterizar o perfil socioeconômico do sujeito da pesquisa e questões abertas sobre o objeto de estudo. Durante a análise dos dados colhidos por meio da entrevista realizada, percebemos a necessidade de complementar a pesquisa com algumas questões. Sendo assim, devido à dificuldade em encontrar o sujeito da pesquisa pessoalmente, realizamos uma segunda entrevista remotamente. O sujeito da pesquisa tratou-se da diretora de uma escola que atende o ensino integral, anos iniciais, da rede estadual de São Paulo e que foi o local de pesquisa. As referidas entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas para fins de análise. Para o referencial de análise, procedemos os passos conforme propõe Aguiar e Ozella, mediante os “núcleos de significação”. Tais núcleos foram analisados à luz da teoria sócio-histórica, com base no materialismo histórico e dialético. O estudo revela que o sujeito pesquisado reconhece a importância do papel do diretor na mediação de conflitos que emergem da sala de aula, que essa mediação, além de servir de apoio ao professor, mostra-se como modelização para as ações deste, com o diálogo como principal estratégia. Apesar de a diretora reconhecer a importância deste papel de mediador, ela reconhece também que convive com tarefas que a “dividem” entre o administrativo e o pedagógico, mas que, ainda assim, ao priorizar ações de mediação que envolvam conflitos, é possível fazer das dificuldades uma oportunidade de crescimento e de desenvolvimento de todos os atores que se encontram no ambiente escolar. Dessa forma, pode-se concluir que há necessidade de formação para o diretor em que se priorize o uso do diálogo para articular atividades administrativas a preocupações pedagógicas, na medida em que as boas relações interpessoais são fundamentais tanto em um caso como no outro

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:56:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Virginia Campos Machado.pdf: 1208863 bytes, checksum: 581781777df94cbc6cc711d3a79cd299 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis aimed to discuss the formation of nutritionists from the analysis and interpretation of meanings that Nutrition students constituted in the traineeship activities. As a theoretical and methodological framework, we adopt the dialectical and historical materialism (Marx and Engels) and socio-historical psychology (Vygotsky and his followers). This is the theory base that enables the construction of theories that recognize the subjective aspects as constitutive of reality and therefore inseparable from discussions about the health-disease process on Nutrition and on training of nutritionists. The field research was developed with the participation of four (4) students from the Nutrition course of Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri (UFVJM) that were enrolled in the disciplines of Integrated Stage (corresponding to Stage I in Nutrition and Social Administration of Food Units and Nutrition I), Internship in Clinical Nutrition I, Nutrition Social II and Administration of Food Units and Nutrition II. We use as instruments of the production of data, the drafting Written Narratives and its discussion in Discussion Narratives Sessions, moment that we consider essential to the qualification of the information obtained. The speeches of students were transcribed and to carry out the analysis and interpretation, we were inspired by Aguiar and Ozella (2006, 2013) Meaning Nuclei proposal. We developed four (4) Meaning Nuclei, which are: 1) The dialectic of recognition in the trainee-patient relationship, 2) The (not) intern's place, 3) The meanings of the relationship between theory and practice and 4) Mediations of the process of teaching and learning: some elements highlighted. This thesis realizes one of the possibilities of joint of the contributions of Social Sciences and Humanities to the field of health and proposes the challenge to understand the formation process of nutritionists in its becoming. The syntheses developed in this study allow to think the humanist nutritionist, critical and generalist, as a subject who shares knowledge and specific expertise competence of the nutritionist's profession and that, in the exercise of their profession activity, they do not lose sight of what is the main goal, to whom it's meant to or the concrete conditions that determine it. This reflection seems fundamental so we can move towards that the nutritionist activity is performed as praxis / A presente tese teve como objetivo discutir a formação de nutricionistas a partir da análise e interpretação das significações que discentes do curso de Nutrição constituíram nas atividades de estágio curricular. Como referencial teórico-metodológico, adotamos o materialismo histórico e dialético (Marx e Engels) e a Psicologia Sócio-histórica (Vigotski e seus seguidores). Essa é a teoria de base que possibilita a construção de teorizações que reconheçam os aspectos subjetivos como constitutivos da realidade e, portanto, indissociáveis das discussões sobre o processo saúde-doença, sobre Nutrição e sobre formação de nutricionistas. A pesquisa de campo foi desenvolvida com a participação de quatro (4) discentes do curso de Nutrição da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), que estavam matriculados nas disciplinas de Estágio Integrado (correspondente ao Estágio em Nutrição Social I e Administração de Unidades de Alimentação e Nutrição I), Estágio em Nutrição Clínica I, Nutrição Social II e Administração de Unidades de Alimentação e Nutrição II. Utilizamos como instrumentos de produção de dados a elaboração de Narrativas Escritas e a discussão das mesmas em Sessões de Discussão de Narrativas, momento que consideramos fundamental para a qualificação das informações obtidas. As falas dos discentes foram transcritas e, para proceder à sua análise e interpretação, nos inspiramos na proposta de Aguiar e Ozella (2006, 2013) dos Núcleos de Significação. Elaboramos quatro (4) Núcleos de Significação elaborados, quais sejam: 1) A dialética do reconhecimento na relação estagiário-paciente, 2) O (não) lugar do estagiário, 3) As significações da relação teoria e prática e 4) Mediações do processo de ensino-aprendizagem: alguns elementos em destaque. Essa tese realiza uma das possibilidades da articulação das contribuições das Ciências Sociais e Humanas ao campo da Saúde e propõe o desafio de entender o processo de formação de nutricionistas em seu devir. As sínteses elaboradas nesse estudo permitem pensar o nutricionista humanista, generalista e crítico, como um sujeito que compartilha do conhecimento e competência técnica específica da profissão de nutricionista e que, no exercício de sua atividade profissional, não perde de vista qual é seu objetivo, a quem ela se destina, nem as condições concretas que a determinam. Essa reflexão nos parece fundamental para que possamos avançar no sentido de que a atividade do nutricionista se realize como práxis

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-09-16T18:28:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafaela Cordeiro Gama.pdf: 959543 bytes, checksum: c288adc2b1ffb6674e0d07f18e75b198 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-16T18:28:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafaela Cordeiro Gama.pdf: 959543 bytes, checksum: c288adc2b1ffb6674e0d07f18e75b198 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / On the graduation in pedagogy, held at Universidade do Estado do Pará/UEPA, during the internship in private and public institutions, I noticed in various situations the little appreciation of creation and production of the students at the classroom. It was frequent to observe the teacher doing the pedagogic activities instead of students or planning, mostly, appropriation activities and reproduction of knowledge. Going against it, there is a rising discourse of creativity enhancement in education, which is generally related only to new education methods and the creation of new products, prioritizing its practical values. Questioning this idea, we understand that the creative activity is related specially to the creation process, and such a process as a fundamental part in the integral development of the human gender. Given these considerations, several questions remained unanswered and were articulated in a single question: How is the teacher meaning the creation question and its development in the school context? Thus, we seek the fundaments of socio-historical psychology to substantiate this research and as a general purpose, we have: to analyze, understand and explain the elementary school teacher meanings of creative activity and its development in the school. This research was conducted with an elementary school teacher, grounded by the methodological proposal called Qualitative Epistemology. Obtaining the information was inspired by the conversational dynamics and the analysis and interpretation of the data produced was held through the Nuclei of Meanings. The participant teacher of this research express in her speech a pedagogical practice that appropriates elements related to the creative activity and understand the importance of the school and the social relations in the development of this activity. However, her meanings about the creative activity are still related to common sense, besides playing a naturalizing and contradictory vision of the individual and consequently on the development of this activity / Na graduação em Pedagogia realizada na Universidade do Estado do Pará/UEPA, durante o exercício de estágio em instituições privadas e públicas, observei em diversas situações a pouca valorização da criação e da produção dos discentes no cotidiano de sala de aula. Era frequente observar a professora realizando as atividades pedagógicas pelos alunos ou planejando, na maioria das vezes, atividades de apropriação e reprodução de conhecimento. Indo de encontro a isso, existe um crescente discurso de valorização da criatividade na educação, a qual é geralmente relacionada apenas a novos métodos pedagógicos e a elaboração de produtos novos, priorizando o seu valor prático. Ao questionar essa concepção, compreendemos que a atividade criadora está relacionada especialmente ao processo de criação, e tal processo como parte fundamental no desenvolvimento integral do gênero humano. Diante dessas reflexões, várias questões ficaram sem respostas e se articulavam em uma só pergunta: Como o professor está significando a questão da criação e o seu desenvolvimento no contexto escolar? Assim, buscamos os fundamentos da psicologia sócio-histórica para fundamentação dessa pesquisa e como objetivo geral temos: analisar, compreender e explicitar as significações do professor do Ensino Fundamental I sobre atividade criadora e o desenvolvimento desta na escola. Essa pesquisa foi realizada com um professor de Ensino Fundamental I, embasados pela proposta metodológica denominada Epistemologia Qualitativa. A obtenção das informações inspirou-se na dinâmica conversacional e a análise e interpretação dos dados produzidos realizou-se por meio dos Núcleos de Significação. A professora participante dessa pesquisa expressa em sua fala uma prática pedagógica que se apropria de elementos relacionados a atividade criadora e compreende a importância da escola e das relações sociais no desenvolvimento dessa atividade. Entretanto, as suas significações sobre atividade criadora ainda estão relacionadas com concepções de senso comum, além de reproduzir uma visão naturalizante e contraditória sobre o indivíduo e consequentemente sobre o desenvolvimento dessa atividade

A tecnologia, na sua evolução e transformação, influencia novos desdobramentos da técnica, dos processos e de aplicações, não somente na indústria, mas, também, em processos sociais e culturais. Salienta-se o uso de Tecnologia de Informação e Comunicação na Educação, Engenharia e de modelos da Computação Afetiva como recurso de ação mediadora para promoção do ser humano social. Neste contexto, a presente Tese desenvolveu, à luz da Teoria Sócio-Histórica, uma Plataforma Educacional Assistiva capaz de possibilitar a promoção do estado afetivo de interesse em crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. O TEA leva a uma condição de déficit no desenvolvimento, em escala de manifestação, nos domínios comportamental, comunicativo e ou cognitivo. O déficit de “atenção conjunta”, de reciprocidade emocional, de interesse, e prejuízo qualitativo na comunicação verbal e não verbal são características mencionadas largamente na literatura. Para “compensar” esse gap, o professor (assim como pais e terapeutas) precisa enfrentar o desafio de projetar estratégias de interação que possam promover cenas de atenção conjunta. Além disso, segundo dados do censo de educação básica de 2015, das quase 8 milhões de matrículas na Educação Infantil, cerca de 900 mil são para Educação Especial, sendo 700 mil no Ensino Fundamental e o preocupante afunilamento para 30 mil no 1º ano do Ensino Médio. Esses números reafirmam a importância da inclusão social e acredita-se que este decréscimo esteja relacionado à necessidade de um apoio tecnológico contextualizado nas atividades comunicativas e de atenção conjunta A metodologia de pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, e utilizou o método de estudo de caso, de múltiplos casos. A atividade educativa foi desenvolvida por meio da contação de história infantil e uso de recurso tecnológico, dispositivo robótico, de ação mediadora, denominado de Fantoche Eletrônico, especialmente projetado para esta investigação. A práxis teve como base sociocognitiva as três etapas de intenção comunicativa da aquisição da linguagem proposta por Tomasello e de indicadores para a análise do estado afetivo de interesse. Os dados foram coletados por meio de instrumentos de entrevistas e observação sob a contação de quatro histórias infantil para quatro estudantes com autismo do 7º e 8º anos do ensino fundamental, totalizando 16 casos. Os resultados demonstraram que o uso do Fantoche Eletrônico promoveu mais de 80% de cenas de atenção conjunta, e um aumento, de três casos positivos com fantoche não eletrônico para quase 10 com o Fantoche Eletrônico, representado um ganho de mais de 200%. Além disso, 83% dos casos apresentaram indicativo positivo de estado afetivo de interesse. A Plataforma Educacional Assistiva foi denominada de Asistranto, assistência em Esperanto, e se mostrou adequada para o desenvolvimento de diferentes atividades acadêmicas com o objetivo de incluir estudantes com autismo em espaços escolares. / Technology, in its evolution and transformation, influences new developments in the techniques, processes and applications, not only in industry, but also in social and cultural processes. The use of Information Technology and Communication in Education, Engineering and Affective Computing models as a resource of mediating action to promote the social human being. In this context, the present developed, in the light of Socio-Historical Theory, an Assistive Educational Platform capable of to promote the affective state of interest in children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder(ASD) of the initial years of Elementary School. The ASD leads to a condition of development, demonstration scale, behavioral, communicative and or cognitive. The deficit of "joint attention", emotional reciprocity, of interest, and qualitative impairment in verbal and non-verbal communication verbal characteristics are widely mentioned in the literature. To "compensate" this gap, the teacher (as well as parents and therapists) must face the challenge of designing interaction strategies that can promote scenes of joint attention. Besides that, according to data from the 2015 basic education census, of the almost 8 million enrollments in the Education, about 900 thousand are for Special Education, of which 700 thousand are Elementary School and the worrying bottleneck for 30 thousand in the first year of high school. Those reaffirm the importance of social inclusion and it is believed that this related to the need for technological support contextualized in the activities communicative and joint attention. The research methodology is qualitative in nature, and used multiple cases study technique The educational activity was developed through the account of children's history and the use of technological resources, device robotic, of mediating action, denominated of Electronic Puppet, specially designed for this research. The praxis was based on sociocognitive three stages of communicative intention of language acquisition proposed by Tomasello and of indicators for the analysis of the affective state of interest. The data were collected by medium of instruments of interviews and observation under the account of four children's stories for four students with autism in the 7th and 8th years of elementary school, totaling 16 cases. The results showed that the use of the Electronic Puppet promoted more than 80% of scenes of joint attention, and an increase, of three positive cases with non-electronic puppet for almost 10 with the Electronic Puppet, represented a gain of over 200%. In addition, 83% of the cases presented positive indicative affective status of interest. The Assistive Educational Platform was denominated Asistranto, assistance in Esperanto, and proved adequate for the development of different activities with the aim of including students with autism in school settings.

Alors que la démocratie électorale chilienne commence à se défaire lentement de l’héritage du régime de Portales, la modernisation des techniques et rituels de vote devient une question centrale. La réforme électorale de 1874 est ainsi désignée comme le point de départ de la démocratisation du vote. Cependant, l’ampleur des incertitudes qui s’ouvrent avec les modifications que cette réforme introduit nous obligent à remettre en question les rapports, très souvent présupposés, entre innovations technologiques et démocratisation. Afin d’examiner en détail cette problématique, notre thèse explore les transformations successives du cadre légal, des discours et des représentations iconographiques du vote, à partir de la démarche employée par la sociologie historique. La restitution des controverses, des débats et les différentes représentations de l’acte de vote contribuent à mieux nous faire comprendre les limites que la technologie du vote imposent à l‘expression d’une voix politique, dans une période où le système politique est en train de s’institutionnaliser et les métiers politiques en train de se professionnaliser. / While Chile’s electoral democracy slowly starts to forsake its Portalian stamp, the question about the reforms on vote’s rituals and techniques become crucial. Electoral Reform in 1874 is usually quoted as the first step of democratization rule. Nevertheless, the long list of doubts that opens up alongside with innovation, oblige us to question the relationship, typically presumed, between technological and democratic innovation. In order to examine this problematic issue, our thesis explores the successive transformation of the legal frame, the iconic discourse and the general representation of vote, through a historical-sociological point of view. The study of controversies in this field, the debate and the different representations of the act of vote, help us to deeply understand the limits impose by vote`s technologies to the expression of a political voice, in a time where political system are in process of becoming institutions and to become a politician evolves into a professionalization process.