No description available.

The study of intractable conflicts has risen in recent years particularly with the work of Daniel Bar-Tal’s work on the ethos of conflict. The ethos of conflict is an original psychological concept that captures the collective societal mindset of cultures locked in intractable conflicts and examines the various factors that keep groups in conflict or help them towards peace. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is arguably the most researched, publicized, and discussed intractable conflict in history. The purpose of this paper is to first examine the foundation of that intractable conflict through the lens of Bar-Tal’s theory and apply it once more how it has changed in the modern day. Particularly, this paper focuses on how the change in power structure in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has prioritized the different elements of the ethos of conflict differently for both sides. In the beginning of the conflict, both groups held equitable power that caused them to have similar manifestations of the ethos of conflict. Working with the foundation of Bar-Tal’s theory, this paper provides an analysis of how Israel’s rise to power in the conflict influences different prioritizations of the ethos of conflict for both parties.

O êxito de uma obra artística autêntica depende de vários mecanismos sociais que possibilitem sua permanência. Muito além de comprovar qualidade, o autor precisa deixar claras as condições de sua proposta diante do universo criativo que elegeu e, sobretudo, aprender o funcionamento de suas regras. Assimiladas, ele deve - a cada novo trabalho - articular contínuas negociações que viabilizem a ampliação da mensagem produzida. É o que tem feito Pedro Almodóvar no decorrer de sua trajetória no cinema, desde a estréia do primeiro longa-metragem no circuito comercial em 1980. Esta análise demonstra como foram - e são - os caminhos - complexos e estreitos - dentro do campo cinematográfico que o conduziram ao sucesso. / The outcome of any authentic artistic work depends on various social mechanisms that make its permanence possible. More than just validating quality, an author needs to highlight the conditions of his proposal against the creative universe that he has chosen and, more than anything, to learn the functionality of its rules. Once this is assimilated, the must - in every single new work - articulate continuous negotiations that make possible an extension of the resulting message. That is what Pedro Almodóvar has done throughout his cinematic career since his first long film was released to the commercial circuit in 1980. This analysis highlights how cinematographic fields were complex and narrow in the past and continues to be - paths that have nonetheless led him to succeed.

FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo mostrar uma situaÃÃo de transiÃÃo de um grupo especÃfico de artesÃos em Juazeiro do Norte, um processo de transformaÃÃo dos valores, racionalidades, posturas e prÃticas dos membros do Centro Cultural Mestre Noza (CCMN), que à um dos locais mais representativos da prÃtica artÃstica do Cariri cearense. Tal transformaÃÃo ocorre no posicionamento de alguns de seus membros de maneira distintiva. Sentem-se artistas e nÃo mais como artesÃos, veem suas obras como arte e nÃo artesanato. Tudo como se ultrapassassem uma fronteira imaginÃria a fim de acompanhar as mudanÃas sociais. MudanÃas das coaÃÃes e restriÃÃes sociais que sofrem e conseguinte modificaÃÃo das hierarquias de valores e do ordenamento de mundo. Para tanto, foram utilizadas diferentes formas de coleta de dados, mesclando a natureza qualitativa e quantitativa da pesquisa cientÃfica, preponderantemente fazendo uso da primeira. O corpus da anÃlise à composto de documentos, entrevistas, autobiografias e fotografias e esses dados sÃo vistos à luz de diferentes aportes teÃrico-sociolÃgicos. A tese mostra como caracterÃsticas sociais da atualidade e histÃricas se impÃem como coaÃÃes exteriores ao indivÃduo e tÃm relevÃncia no processo de produÃÃo artÃstica. Mostra, ainda, a capacidade dos indivÃduos analisados em se autorregular, por vezes seguindo as regras sociais artÃsticas, outras vezes, nÃo, num misto de adequaÃÃo e transgressÃo. Percebe-se, atravÃs da dinÃmica entre as coaÃÃes externas e autorregulaÃÃo dos indivÃduos analisados, uma singularidade no processo de artificaÃÃo. Constata-se que este processo tende a conciliar visÃes de mundo, como no caso estudado entre a arte e o artesanato, fato tÃpico do Centro Cultural Mestre Noza e que, por vezes, traduz e representa o ethos das relaÃÃes sociais de Juazeiro do Norte / This researchâs main goal is to show a specific craftsman groupâs situation of Juazeiro do Norte, a transition situation, a process of values, rationales, attitudes and practices transformation of the members of Centro Cultural Mestre Noza (CCMN), one of the most representative places for the Cearà Caririâs artistic practice, which is placed on Juazeiro do Norte. This transformation takes place with some memberâs distinctive posture. They feel like artists, not as craftsmen, they see their work as art, not as handicraft, as they had crossed an imaginary border to follow the social change. A change of a social coercion and restriction and, therefore, a value hierarchy and a global organization modification. Thereunto, different ways of data collection were used, mixing the scientific researchâs qualitative and quantitative nature, although qualitative methodology was preponderantly used. The analysis of this research is composed with documents, interviews, autobiographies and photos. The data is watched through different sociological theoretical contributions. The results demonstrate how social and historical features and an individual external constraints are relevant on the process of artistic production. It shows, as well, the individualâs analyzed capacity of self regulation, that sometimes follow the social rules, and sometimes donât, a mixture of adequacy and transgression. It is possible to see that, between the external coercions and self regulation of the analyzed individuals, there is a singular artification process. It can be concluded that this process tends to conciliate world visions, as in the case studied between art and handicraft, a typical fact of Centro Cultural Mestre Noza, that, many times, translates and represents the ethos of Juazeiro do Norte social relations

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-10-05T11:00:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 leonardoribeirobarbosa.pdf: 1081276 bytes, checksum: f6dfaff1e5d80e03b86c45d9397dbe09 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-10-09T19:57:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 leonardoribeirobarbosa.pdf: 1081276 bytes, checksum: f6dfaff1e5d80e03b86c45d9397dbe09 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-09T19:57:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 leonardoribeirobarbosa.pdf: 1081276 bytes, checksum: f6dfaff1e5d80e03b86c45d9397dbe09 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-22 / O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o desenvolvimento da sociologia da cultura no meio acadêmico brasileiro, pari passu a evolução da indústria cultural no Brasil. Para tanto, investigamos a evolução das pesquisas científicas realizadas nos programas de pós-graduação brasileiros, particularmente as teses e dissertações, que tiveram como objeto principal a música popular brasileira (MPB) e a indústria cultural. A hipótese central é a de que os conceitos trazidos pela Escola de Frankfurt, notadamente o de indústria cultural, foram instrumentos capitais para a formação de um pensamento social brasileiro sobre o tema da cultura e suas relações com o mercado, possibilitando a construção de um campo de sociologia da cultura e da arte no país, respaldando as investigações sobre a organização da produção artística e cultural em suas relações com o mercado. Nessa trajetória, expusemos a chamada Teoria Crítica de Theodor W. Adorno (1903-1969) e Max Horkheimer (1895-1973) da Escola de Frankfurt; em seguida, investigamos quando e como as ideias da Escola de Frankfurt — sobre o conceito de indústria cultural, apresentados por Adorno e Horkheimer — chegaram ao Brasil. Por fim, realizamos um levantamento sobre a produção científica brasileira sobre o tema, desde a década de 1980 — época em que surgem as primeiras teses e dissertações sobre o assunto — até o ano de 2015, apresentando as abordagens dos trabalhos mais diretamente ligados ao tema. Nossas observações revelam que a academia brasileira se apropriou do conceito de indústria cultural, utilizando-o para analisar a nova realidade do país, sendo que este permanece atual em vários aspectos, se constituindo em uma ferramenta importante para a compreensão do desenvolvimento da sociologia da cultura e da indústria cultural brasileira. / The aim of this study was to analyze the development on Sociology of Culture in the Brazilian academic environment, pari passu the evolution of the cultural industry in Brazil. In order to do so, we investigated the evolution of the scientific research carried out in Brazilian Graduate Programs, particularly theses and dissertations, whose main purpose was Popular Brazilian Music (MPB) and the cultural industry. The central hypothesis is that the concepts brought by the Frankfurt School, notably that of "cultural industry", were capital instruments for the formation of a brazilian social thought on the subject of culture and its relations with the market, making possible the construction of a field on Sociology of Culture and Art in the country, and supporting research on the organization of artistic and cultural production in its relations with the market. In this trajectory, we exposed the so-called "Critical Theory" by Theodor W. Adorno (1903-1969) and Max Horkheimer (1895-1973) Frankfurt School founders, and then investigated when and how the ideas of the Frankfurt School - related to "cultural industry" presented by Adorno and Horkheimer - arrived in Brazil. Finally, we carried out a survey of the Brazilian scientific production on the subject, since the 1980s - when the first theses and dissertations were published on the subject - until the year 2015, presenting the approaches of the works most directly related to the theme. Our observations reveal that the Brazilian Academy has appropriated the concept of cultural industry, using it to analyze the new reality of the country and that it remains current under several regards, serving as background for understanding the development of Sociology of Culture and of Brazilian cultural industry.

O presente trabalho trata da trajetória de duas musicistas brasileiras: Helza Camêu (1903-1995), pianista, compositora e musicóloga, e Joanídia Sodré (1903-1975), pianista, regente e ex-diretora da Escola Nacional de Música (atualmente Escola de Música da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro) cujas carreiras tiveram início, respectivamente, em 1923 e 1927 no cenário musical do Rio de Janeiro. A construção da trajetória destas artistas visa a uma reflexão acerca de como as convenções de gênero estão imbricadas no processo social de construção de uma vocação musical neste período. Trata-se de compreender a vocação como um fato social, isto é, como um conjunto de práticas e representações sociais constituidoras da experiência do artista. A análise da trajetória de Helza Camêu e de Joanídia Sodré constitui um modo privilegiado para compreender de que maneira, na busca pela profissão de artista, estas duas mulheres criaram novos valores e sentidos que lhes permitiram transitar entre profissões masculinas e femininas. / The present study concerns the trajectory of two Brazilian musicians: Helza Camêu (1903-1995), pianist, composer and musicologist, and Joanídia Sodré (1903-1975), pianist, conductor and former director of the National School of Music (currently, the School of Music of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro). Their career began in 1923 and 1927, respectively, in the music scene of Rio de Janeiro. The construction of the trajectory of the above mentioned artists aims at conducting a careful thought about how gender conventions are closely linked in the social process of the construction of a musical vocation during that period. It is about to understand vocation as a social fact, that is, as a set of practices and social representations that shapes the artists experience. The analysis of the trajectory of Helza Camêu and of Joanídia Sodré constitutes a privileged way to understand how those two female artists, in search for the artist profession, created new values and meanings that allowed them to make their way through male and female professions

The majority of mental illness on college campuses remains untreated, and mental illness stigma is the most cited explanation for not seeking mental health treatment. Working-class college students are not only at greater risk of mental illness, but also are less likely to seek mental health treatment and hold more stigmatized views toward people with mental illness compared to affluent college students. Research on college culture suggests that elite college contexts may be associated with greater stigmatization of mental illness. This study bridges the social status and college culture literatures by asking—does social status and college context together predict students’ mental health attitudes? By surveying 757 undergraduates at an Ivy League university and a Non-Ivy League university, I found that 1) elite college students had greater mental illness stigma than non-elite students, 2) social status was positively related to personal stigma and negatively related to perceived stigma, and 3) low social status students at the Ivy League university had greater personal mental illness stigma compared to their counterparts at the Non-Ivy League university. Low social status students’ perceptions of themselves as social status minorities may be responsible for their greater stigmatization of mental illness in the elite college context. These findings suggest that increasing socioeconomic diversity on college campuses may improve lower social status students’ mental health attitudes.

Historically, the Jewish faith has used alcohol in rituals and religious holidays in which adolescents are permitted to fully participate and this exposure to alcohol may influence attitudes and beliefs about underage drinking among Jewish adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between the Jewish religion and attitudes toward alcohol among Jewish adolescents. The theoretical frameworks, on which this study was based, were the social bond theory and the social development theory. Each of these theories indicates that community is important to the individual. Using a cross sectional study design, 160 adolescents participated in a survey that was administered by paper during a free period or lunchtime. ANOVA and linear regression were used to determine if there was a relationship between religion, gender, age, and attitudes toward alcohol. According to study findings, there was no significant relationship between religious affiliation or religious service attendance and attitudes towards the use of alcohol. However, there was a significant relationship between gender and attitudes against drinking and between age and the positive attitudes for drinking. These findings may spur positive social change at the community level. Yeshivas may review with Jewish adolescents the distinction between using alcohol for rituals/ceremonies and using alcohol socially, and the consequences of underage drinking. Future studies should include more participants in the different sects and denominations to get a more complete picture of the Jewish community.

Past research shows that Japanese Americans have been successful occupationally, financially and educationally. This thesis examines factors leading to this success. It is generally argued that the greater the congruence between minority and majority value systems, the less likely conflict would be generated in the minority group's acculturation. There appear to be two opposed aspects in the acculturation of the Japanese Americans, relinquishment or retention of traditional Japanese values. Also important is the degree to which Japanese Americans identify themselves as American, or Japanese, or some mixture. This thesis focuses on the following questions: What types of values have been relinquished or retained? If some are retained and others relinquished, are those that are retained congruent with the American value system and those relinquished incongruent? What intergenerational and intragenerational differences are observable in the pattern of retention/relinquishment of traditional Japanese values? To what extent does ethnic identity affect success?

The purpose of this study was to test John McWhorter's theory on African American academic underachievement. The theory claims that since the 1960's African American identities have been significantly influenced by beliefs of victimization and anti-intellectualism along with values of separatism. In order to test for the existence of these dimensions in African American's thinking and for their relationship to academic achievement, data from the Maryland Adolescence Development In Context Study (MADICS) were used. Findings indicated that victimization, separatism and anti-intellectualism have a causal relationship and that sentiments of victimization are found to be significantly higher among African Americans. A Bourdieuian theoretical framework is used in the framing and interpretation of the results.