Orientador: Marta Maria do Amaral Azevedo / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T22:43:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vitti_VaneskaTaciana_D.pdf: 3968094 bytes, checksum: 679aea8ca5daabf3b0127f904bc33832 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa se insere na interface entre dois campos de saberes a demografia e a antropologia, enfatizando especificamente a fecundidade do povo Kamaiurá. Para a análise demográfica calculamos os indicadores de fecundidade longitudinal ou por coorte e transversal ou por período para homens e mulheres entre os anos 1970 ¿ 2009. Nossa hipótese é que o ritmo de mudança que os Kamaiurá estão sofrendo, está alterando o comportamento reprodutivo, provocando uma queda nos níveis de fecundidade. Um dos principais resultados desta pesquisa sobre indígenas brasileiros é mostrar que o povo Kamaiurá detém o controle de sua fecundidade e tem uma escolha racional de sua dinâmica populacional. Esperamos que esta pesquisa possa servir como referencial etnográfico e com ideias que possam contribuir para o arcabouço teórico e metodológico sobre esse tema a outros pesquisadores / Abstract: This research is situated in the interface between two fields of knowledge: Demographics and anthropology, specifically emphasizing the fruitfulness of Kamaiurá people. For demographic analysis calculated the longitudinal fertility indicators or cohort and cross-sectional or time for men and women between the years 1970 - 2009. Our hypothesis is that the rhythm of change that Kamaiurá are suffering, is altering the reproductive behavior, causing a decline in fertility rates. One of the main results of this research on Brazilian Indians is to show that people Kamaiurá holds the controlling of their fertility and have a rational choice of their population dynamics. We hope that this research can serve as ethnographic reference and ideas that can contribute to the theoretical and methodological framework on the subject to other researchers / Doutorado / Demografia / Doutora em Demografia

In this study I will present an investigation conducted at two communities in the northernPeruvian highlands during the months of February and March of 2019. I applied an anthropological perspective to Communication for Development and investigated how health promotion concerning anemia was perceived by different groups (health care workers and Patients) at the communities. I applied an ethnomethodological approach and worked with an applied anthropology perspective as collected data through ethnography and semi-structured interviews throughout the communities. I found that perspectives that are hard to accommodate within dominating discourses – such as critical perspectives questioning inequality and poverty – may beless prioritized in favour of narratives that can be accommodated within a neoliberal context.Furthermore, I found that there exists a myriad of accounts of development and that development work cannot easily be accommodated within simplified dichotomies.

No description available.

No description available.

The Muisca people of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia had an exceptionally complex diet, which is the result of specific subsistence strategies, environmental advantages, and social restrictions. The distinct varieties of microclimates, caused by the sharp elevations in this part of the Andes, allows for a great biodiversity of plants and animals that was accessible to the native population. The crops of domesticated and adopted plants of the Muisca include a wide variety of tubers, cereals, fruits, and leaves that are described in detail in this thesis. The Muisca used an agricultural method known as microverticality where the different thermic floors are utilized to grow an impressive variety of species at various elevations and climates. This group also domesticated the guinea pig, controlled deer populations and possibly practiced pisiculture, patterns that are also described in this text. Some of the foods of the Muisca were restricted to specific social groups, such as the consumption of deer and maize by the chiefly classes and the consumption of roots and tubers by the lower class, hence the complexity of their dietary practices. The utensils utilized in the preparation and processing of foods, including ceramics and stone tools were once of extreme importance in the evolution of the Muisca diet and form an important part of this research as well as the culinary methods that are described in the Spanish chronicles and by contemporary experts. The majority of food products utilized by the Muisca in antiquity are still part of the diet of contemporary Colombians and the current uses of these foods can allow us to understand how these products were used by this pre-Columbian society. On the other hand, knowledge of the practices used by the Muisca can facilitate the preservation of these foods in the modern diet and avoid the introduction and replacement of these foods by nonnative products, which can be less nutritious.

Die Gletscherschmelze in den südlichen Anden trägt maßgeblich zum Anstieg des Meeresspiegels der letzten Jahrzehnte bei und beeinflusst regional die saisonale Wasserverfügbarkeit. In jüngster Zeit wurde eine rapide Zunahme der Massenverluste insbesondere einzelner großer Auslassgletscher des Südlichen Patagonisches Eisfeldes beobachtet. Im Rahmen der Dissertation wurden die rezente Variabilität des Klimas und der klimatischen Massenbilanz für ausgewählte vergletscherte Gebiete in Patagonien und Feuerland untersucht. Die Verbesserung unseres Verständnisses über räumliche und zeitliche Muster der klimatischen Massenbilanz, ihrer atmosphärischen Antriebsfaktoren und ihres Einflusses auf das in jüngster Vergangenheit beobachtete individuelle Gletscherverhalten, sind weitere wichtige Ziele. Da die Klimavariabilität die Hauptursache für lokale Veränderungen in der Kryosphäre der südlichen Anden ist, wurden langjährige meteorologische Beobachtungen im Gebiet der Gran Campo Nevado-Eiskappe im südlichsten Patagonien im Hinblick auf räumliche und zeitliche Variabilität untersucht und der Einfluss mesoskaliger Wettermuster und Modi atmosphärischer Oszillationen auf die Ausprägung des Klimas analysiert. Darüber hinaus wurde die rezente Variabilität der klimatischen Massenbilanz für ausgewählte Gletscher in Südpatagonien und Feuerland durch die Implementierung des Energie- und Massenbilanzmodells COSIMA simuliert. Eine unterschiedliche Ausprägung der Oberflächenmassenbilanz und geodätischer Massenbilanz unterstreicht wie wichtig ein besseres Verständnis über die Prozesse der klimatischen Massenbilanz und Eisdynamik ist. Des Weiteren wurden Simulationen der klimatischen Massenbilanz eingesetzt, um eine ausgeglichene Massenbilanz für rezente und vergangene Ausdehnungen des Gletschers Schiaparelli abzuleiten. Ziel war es, eine modellgestützte Annäherung an die klimatischen Bedingungen während der Kleinen Eiszeit zu simulieren. / Glacier mass loss of the Southern Andes contributes largely to sea-level rise during recent decades and also affects the regional water availability. Despite the overall glacier retreat of most glaciers in Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, a recent increase in mass loss of individual glaciers has been observed. The recent variability of climate and climatic mass balance for selected glaciated study sites in Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego are investigated in this thesis. Improving our understanding on the spatial and temporal variations of climatic mass balance processes, its atmospheric drivers, and their impact on the recently observed individual glacier behavior are further important aims. Since climate variability is the key driver of local changes in the cryosphere in the Southern Andes, a unique record of meteorological observations across the Gran Campo Nevado Ice Cap in Southernmost Patagonia was analyzed with regard to main climate features and the relationship between the in-situ observations, large-scale climate modes and mesoscale weather patterns. Furthermore, recent climatic mass balance variability was simulated for selected glaciers in Southern Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego by implementing the ’COupled Snow and Ice energy and MAss balance model’ COSIMA. Contrasting patterns of positive simulated annual climatic mass balance and clearly negative geodetic mass balance were found for two neighboring glaciers of the Southern Patagonia Icefield between 2000 and 2014. This highlights the importance of understanding of both, the climatic mass balance, and the ice-dynamical processes. Climatic mass balance simulations were further used to derive glacier steady-state conditions for recent and past glacier extents of Schiaparelli Glacier, aiming for a model-based approximation of climate conditions during the Little Ice Age.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No / This article examines recent organising successes in the Carbones del Cerrejón coal mine, reversing the organisational crisis of the Colombian mining union, Sintracarbon. Using Wever's concept of ‘field-enlarging strategies’, we argue that these events were facilitated by the dissemination of organising experiences between affiliates of a Global Union Federation, International Federation of Chemical, Energy, Mine and General Workers' Unions (ICEM), which recently merged to form IndustriALL. Additionally, we argue that this articulation between international and national unions, based on the principle of subsidiarity, was facilitated through sustained ICEM educational project activity, providing multiple entry points for Sintracarbon to operationalise its strategy and re-establish bargaining with multinational employers.