No description available.

Research has previously highlighted the physical, social, affective and cognitive benefits of engagement in quality physical education (PE) (Bailey, 2006). Furthermore, practical, physical and expressive creative experiences in education have also been cited as being an important constituent when educating children and young people with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties (SEBD) (Cole and Visser, 1998). However, research has yet to address the experiences of the child with SEBD, as told by themselves, alongside the ideological benefits of their participation in physical education. As such, this study has examined how children and young people experience the National Curriculum of PE in England and Wales. Specifically working with those deemed by their school to have SEBD, this study aims to give voice to how participants create meaning of their PE experiences. A case study methodology was adopted whereby, after a period of piloting and familiarisation, two periods of twelve weeks were spent with six adolescent boys, each described by their schools as having SEBD. A range of participatory methods were used to elicit their perceptions of PE. Inductive processes of analysis generated outcomes which showed signs of the idiosyncratic nature of varying experiences and multiple truths. A number of themes emerged from the analysis of each case, aside to the contextualised responses of individuals. Participants spoke of their affinity towards the inherent practical nature of PE, which appeared to be forgiving of their desire for cathartic opportunities to participate physically. They regularly discussed their perception of PE being a subject allowing for relative freedoms not found elsewhere in their curricula. Narratives which described their experiences were also characterised by issues which focussed upon the non-educational aspects of the subject. The perceived pardon from the academic demands of school life, and the subsequent opportunities for socialisation with peers, were described as times which cemented the both positive and negative social systems at place in their classes. ii The case studies have resulted in the discussion of experiences which demonstrate the rich and highly individualised nature of children and young peoples‟ time in PE. The nature of their difficulties appeared to exacerbate and heighten the responses to participation which have been commonly reported in previous studies. Participants‟ time in PE was shown to be an example of the challenges that they face in their school lives more broadly. PE served to magnify both the positive and negative responses to education that were described as being experienced elsewhere in their curriculum subjects. This research has shown that, when adopting methodologies which privilege participatory methods, it is possible to gain greater depth of understanding as to how children with social emotional and behavioural difficulties experience physical education.

This study aims to develop knowledge of different professional groups and their views on inclusion and collaboration concerning "students in difficulty." Through qualitative interviews and a quantitative survey, the researcher sought answers to this and also how inclusion, through collaboration between different professional groups, can develop in school.The results of the study have been analyzed according by Nilholms (2007) three different perspectives on special education: The critical perspective, the compensatory perspective and the dilemma perspective. The results were also analyzed based on Ahlberg's (2013) communicative – relationship perspective.The result shows that the concept of inclusion is not clearly defined either in the governing documents or among the interviewees. This makes it difficult to speak the same language in school, which complicates the work of inclusion. Since the governing documents are unclear and somewhat contradictory when dealing with "students in difficulty" educators are put in a dilemma. It is on the one hand about the importance of early identification and remedy difficulties and on the other hand not to categorize students. Another concern is on the one hand to see differences as opportunities for learning and on the other hand that all students should attain the curriculum objectives. Students should at the same time feel good and happy at school. The result also shows that the cooperation that existed around "students in difficulty” has been minimal at schools. In contrast, all interviewees’ see good cooperation as crucial to the quality of work with students. Surprising facts is that it seems to be easier to see and talk about what others should do to improve together than to see one’s own part in the work for development. One conclusion is also that the majority of the respondents see the economic foundations are setting up barriers by time, room, materials and resource shortages, and also large classes.

Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of the present study was an exploratory examination/study of the self-concept of learners with Special Education Needs. To this end, all 1005 subjects completed the Piers-Harris Self Concept Questionnaire once. This questionnaire consists of 80 statements divided into six subscales i.e. : Behaviour, Intellectual and School status, Physical appearance, Anxiety, Popularity and Happiness and satisfaction. A total score is then culculated from those separate dimensions. Learners in the four Special Schools were selected per school as follows: • in random order • sex • medium of instruction • technical subject • hostel/day scholar • grade/standard Correlations between self-concept variables were examined, but two other questionnaires containing certain biographical details and information concerning the learners' academic and technical marks and the parents' marital status, were also used in the study. By using these two questionnaires, correlations between self-concept variables and certain biographical variables such as the following were possible : • sex and self-concept • medium of instruction and self-concept • living in the school hostel and self-concept • evaluation of relationship with technical teacher and self-concept • academic achievement and self-concept • technical subject and self-concept and • marital status of parents and self-concept correlations The following decisive correlations emerged as a result of the study : • regarding the correlation between self-concept variables, Happiness and satisfaction as well as Popularity featured strongly with limited Anxiety. Physical Appearance correlated strongly with Popularity and with Happiness and satisfaction. • regarding the correlation between sex and self-concept, it appeared that boys have a better/higher self-concept than girls with regard to Physical Appearance, Happiness and satisfaction and limited Anxiety. • regarding the correlation between medium of instruction and self-concept, there appeared to be a significant link between the self-concept variables: Anxiety, Popularity and Happiness and satisfaction. English speaking learners registered higher values on the scores than Afrikaans speaking learners in all three self-concept variables. • regarding the correlation between living in the school hostel and self-concept, it appeared that day scholars had higher self-concept scores with regard to Physical Appearance, Popularity, Happiness and satisfaction than hostel residents. • regarding the correlation between evaluation of relationship with technical teacher and self-concept, it appeared that there was a significant link between evaluation of the relationship with the teacher and two self-concept variables : Behaviour and Intellectual and School Status. Learners to whom the technical teacher meant a great deal, had higher self-concept scores in Intellectual and School Status than those to whom the technical teacher meant little. regarding the correlation between academic achievement and self-concept and sex, there were significant correlations between academic achievement and self-concept variables such as : Behaviour, Intellectual and School Status and Happiness and satisfaction. Differences between the size of correlations between boys and girls were however, insignificant. • regarding the correlation between technical subject and self-concept, there are significant links between technical subject and Physical Appearance, Anxiety, Popularity and Happiness and satisfaction. • regarding the correlation between marital status of parents and self-concept variables, it appeared that learners whose parents are in the process of divorce, scored lower for Anxiety. They experienced a reasonably high degree of Anxiety and also less Happiness and satisfaction compared to persons whose parents were married or divorced. From the results of this study, it appears that the placing of a learner in a special school, despite the criticisms expressed by opponents, does show positive correlations between self-concept and certain biographical variables as discussed. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die huidige ondersoek was In verkennende ondersoek na die selfkonsep van leerders met Spesiale Onderwysbehoeftes. Om dit te bewerkstellig, het al 1005 proefpersone die Piers - Harris Selfkonsepvraelys eenmalig beantwoord. Dié vraelys bestaan uit 80 stellings wat in ses subskale onderverdeel word, naamlik : Gedrag, Intellektuele- en skoolstatus, Fisiese voorkoms, Angs, Populariteit en Geluk en tevredenheid. In Totaaltelling word dan uit hierdie afsonderlike dimensies bereken. Leerders in die vier Spesiale Skole is per skool soos volg geselekteer : • op In gelykkansige wyse • geslag • onderrigtaal • tegniese vak • koshuis/dagskoliere • graad/standerd Verbande tussen selfkonsepveranderlikes onderling is ondersoek, maar twee ander vraelyste waarin sekere biografiese besonderhede en inligting oor leerders se akademiese en - tegniese punte en ouers se huwelikstatus bekom is, is ook in die ondersoek gebruik. Deur dié twee vaelyste ook te gebruik, kon verbande tussen selfkonsepveranderlikes en sekere biografiese veranderlikes soos die volgende ondersoek word: • verband tussen geslag en selfkonsep • verband tussen onderrigtaal en selfkonsep • verband tussen koshuisinwoning en selfkonsep verband tussen evaluering van verhouding met tegniese onderwyser en selfkonsep • verband tussen akademiese prestasie en selfkonsep • verband tussen tegniese vak en selfkonsep en • verband tussen huwelikstatus van ouers en selfkonsepveranderlikes Uit die resultate van die ondersoek is die volgende beduidende verbande, gevind: • ten opsigte van die verband tussen selfkonsepveranderlikes onderling, het Geluk en Tevredenheid asook Populariteit redelik sterk gekorreleer met lae Angsgevoelens. Fisiese Voorkoms korreleer ook redelik sterk met Populariteit en met Geluk en Tevredenheid. • ten opsigte van die verband tussen geslag en selfkonsep blyk dit dat seuns 'n hoër selfkonsep het as dogters wat betrefFisiese Voorkoms, Geluk en Tevredenheid en laer Angsgevoelens. • ten opsigte van die verband tussen onderrigtaal en selfkonsep blyk dit dat daar 'n beduidende verband is tussen selfkonsepveranderlikes : Angs, Populariteit en Geluk en Tevredenheid. Byal drie selfkonsepveranderlikes toon Engelssprekende leerders hoër waardes op die tellings as Afrikaanssprekendes. • ten opsigte van die verband tussen koshuisinwoning en selfkonsep blyk dit dat leerders wat nie inwoon nie, hoër selfkonseptellings het ten opsigte van Fisiese Voorkoms, Populariteit, Geluk en Tevredenheid as leerders wat inwoon. • ten opsigte van die verband tussen evaluering van verhouding met tegniese onderwyser en selfkonsep blyk dit dat daar 'n beduidende verband is tussen evaluering van verhouding met tegniese onderwyser en twee selfkonsepveranderlikes : Gedrag en Intellektuele en Skoolstatus. Leerders vir wie die tegniese onderwyser baie tot geweldig baie beteken, het hoër selfkonseptellings op Intellektuele en Skoolstatus as diegene vir wie die tegniese onderwyser baie min tot min beteken. • ten opsigte van die verband tussen akademiese prestasie en seljkonsep en per geslag is daar beduidende korrelasies tussen akademiese prestasie en selfkonsepveranderlikes soos : Gedrag, Intellektuele en Skoolstatus en Geluk en Tevredenheid. Verskille tussen grootte van korrelasies tussen seuns en dogters is egter baie gering. • ten opsigte van die verband tussen tegniese vak en seljkonsep is daar beduidende verbande tussen tegniese vak en Fisiese Voorkoms, Angs, Populariteit en Geluk en Tevredenheid en • ten opsigte van die verband tussen huwelikstatus van ouers en seljkonsepveranderlikes blyk dit dat persone wie se ouers besig is om te skei, laer angstellings het, met ander woorde hulle ervaar 'n redelik hoë mate van Angs en ook minder Geluk en Tevredenheid in vergelyking met persone waarvan die ouers in ander huwelikstate verkeer. Uit die resultate van die ondersoek wil dit tog voorkom asof die plasing van 'n leerder in 'n spesiale skool, nieteenstaande al die kritiek wat deur teenstanders uitgespreek word, tog positiewe verbande toon tussen selfkonsepveranderlikes en sekere biografiese veranderlikes soos bespreek

Syftet med denna fallstudie är att få en bild av vad specialpedagogens roll i förskolan innehåller och innebär. Studiens ansats är kvalitativ och som empirisk datainsamlingsmetod används kvalitativa intervjuer samt observationer. Studiens analysbegrepp är det specialpedagogiska dilemmaperspektivet samt den sociokulturella teorin. Rapporten beskriver specialpedagogens roll på två olika förskolor. Den beskriver också de förväntningar som finns på specialpedagogen samt specialpedagogens syn på sin egen roll. Studien visar att specialpedagogens uppdrag kan se väldigt olika ut, beroende på flera olika faktorer - bland annat anställningsform och organisation. / The purpose of this case study is to describe the role of the special education needs coordinator (SENCO) in preschools. The study's approach is qualitative. The method used is qualitative interviews and observations. The study's analysis concepts are the special education dilemma perspective and the sociocultural theory. The study aims to describe the role of the SENCOs in two different preschools. It is also aiming to describe the expectations upon the SENCOs and what the SENCOs thinks about their own role. The study shows that the assignments of the SENCO can look very different depending on several factors- including employment status and organization.

<p>The number of children with disabilities under the age of 18 years around the world varies from 120 to 150 million. In many countries, throughout the world, the majority of children with disabilities either do not receive any form of education or, if they receive any, it is often inappropriate. UNESCO estimates that more than 90% of children with disabilities in developing countries do not attend schools. Rwanda has recently started inclusive education in a number of schools around the country for ensuring that children with disabilities have access to education. Despite this, in Rwanda, many children with disabilities do not attend school and this number is not known. This study aimed to identify the barriers to school attendance by children with disabilities in Rwanda.</p>

The purpose with this thesis was to study the special pedagogical perspectives that stood out in documents written by the special teachers in preschool. In order to maintain the thesis research questions a text analysis was carried out on the document “Handledningssamtal” that was used by the special teachers in their contact with the teachers in preschool. The documents were analyzed based in the special educational perspectives and the results and measures from the analysis were divided into three levels; individual, group and organizational level. Finally a study of the connection between the analysis and the measures was carried out and the result was reported in a typology schedule inspired by earlier research. The result of the text analysis indicated that the special educational perspective that dominated was the relational (environmental) perspective. The level that was most frequent in the investigations was the individual level since half of the documents reported that the problems discovered were to be found on this level. The most measures were taken at both the group level and individual level. The most common connection between investigation and measure were individua lneeds/measures belonging to the environment.

Bakalauro darbe analizuojama nedidelių specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių turinčių mokinių tekstinių matematikos uždavinių sprendimo ypatumai, bandoma ieškoti mokymo būdų, padedančių suprasti ir teisingai išspręsti tekstinius uždavinius. Suformuluota hipotezė, kad nedidelių specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių turinčius mokinius išmokius tam tikrų apibendrintų tekstinių uždavinių sprendimo būdų, gerėja tekstinių uždavinių supratimas, išvengiama daugelio sprendimo klaidų. Tyrimas buvo vykdomas Kauno Medicinos Universiteto Klinikų vaikų neurologijos skyriuje, kuriame gydosi epilepsija sergantys ir kitų neurologinių sutrikimų turintys vaikai iš įvairių Lietuvos miestų bei kaimų. Tyrime dalyvavo 40 III–IV klasių nedidelių specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių turinčių mokinių, besimokančių bendrojo lavinimo mokyklose pagal modifikuotas matematikos programas. Visi šie mokiniai turi neurologinių sutrikimų. Konstatuojamojo tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad nedidelių specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių turintys mokiniai ne visus tekstinius uždavinius vienodai supranta. Aiškiausi jiems yra paprastieji tekstiniai uždaviniai. Tyrimo metu paaiškėjo, kad dauguma respondentų spręsdami sudėtinius tekstinius uždavinius, nesupranta uždavinio sąlygos, nesuvokia sąlygoje duotų dydžių prasmės ir santykių tarp jų, dėl nepasitikėjimo savo jėgomis daugelio uždavinių net nebando spręsti. Vyraujančios klaidos mokinių darbuose: neteisingas veiksmo parinkimas, skaičiavimo klaidos, apskaičiuojamų rezultatų dydžių klaidingas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The Bachelor's work content the analysis of the garages of solution of small textual mathematical problems among learners having special educational needs, and attempts to seek for ways of training helping to understand and correctly solve textual problems. The hypothesis has been formulated that if children with special needs are trained in certain methods of solving generalised textual mathematical problems, the solution outcomes of textual problems improves and many mistakes can be avoided. The study was carried out in Kaunas Medical University Hospital, Children's Neurology Department, treating epileptic children and other children with neurological disorders from various Lithuanian towns and villages. The study included 40 learners of 3rd and 4th grades with neurological disorders, with low special educational needs, studying in general education schools, according to modified mathematics curricula. Declarative study result showed that children with special needs differently understand some of the textual problems. The clearest of them are plain text problems. The study showed that most of respondents, solving complex textual problems, do not understand the condition of the problem, do not understand the meaning of values given in the task and that relations between them, experience distrust in themselves and do not even try to begin solving most of the problems. The most prevalent errors in learners’ works: wrong choice of action, calculation errors, erroneous naming of... [to full text]

Bakalauro darbe analizuojamos specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių turinčių vaikų ugdymo prielaidos, bei profesinio orientavimo ir konsultavimo ypatumai. Suformuluota hipotezė, kad Lietuvos mokyklose nėra skiriama pakankamai dėmesio SUP mokinių profesiniam orientavimui. Tyrime dalyvavo viena pagrindinių Šiaulių mokyklų ir joje besimokantys 5 mokiniai, turintys specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių. Etnografinio tyrimo metu buvo tiriama, kaip vykdomas ikiprofesinis ugdymas mokykloje bei kokios galimybės sudaromos specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių vaikams ugdyti savo gebėjimus. Metodinės pagalbos atliekant veiklos tyrimą metu buvo konsultuojami 5 specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių vaikai profesiniais klausimais. Analizuojant tyrimo duomenis, buvo aiškinamasi ar pakankamai vykdomas profesinis ugdymas bendrojo lavinimo mokykloje, ar efektyviai įvykdytas veiklos planas metodinės pagalbos metu. Tyrimų metu nustatyta, kad mokykloje nepakankamai skiriama dėmesio SUP mokinių profesiniam orientavimui. Metodinės pagalbos atliekant veiklos tyrimą metu buvo nustatyta, kad nepakako laiko efektyviai konsultuoti ir padėti mokiniams objektyviau vertinti savo galimybes. Dauguma mokinių savo galimybes toliau mokytis ir įgyti specialybę vertina ne objektyviai. / The bachelor’s thesis explores the educational assumptions of the children with special education needs and the peculiarities of their career guiding and counselling. The hypothesis has been brought forth that there is a lack of attention paid to career guiding of the children with SEN at the schools of Lithuania. 5 children with special educational needs attending one of the lower secondary schools of Šiauliai city participated in the research. The ethnographic research aimed to reveal the way the vocational education is being implemented at school and the opportunities provided to the children with special educational needs for development of their abilities. During the research 5 children with special educational needs were counselled on their career issues by employing methodological support tools. The analysis of the research data aimed to convey whether the education related to vocational issues is being sufficiently implemented at general education schools and whether the activity plan was successfully implemented during the methodological support.

<p>The number of children with disabilities under the age of 18 years around the world varies from 120 to 150 million. In many countries, throughout the world, the majority of children with disabilities either do not receive any form of education or, if they receive any, it is often inappropriate. UNESCO estimates that more than 90% of children with disabilities in developing countries do not attend schools. Rwanda has recently started inclusive education in a number of schools around the country for ensuring that children with disabilities have access to education. Despite this, in Rwanda, many children with disabilities do not attend school and this number is not known. This study aimed to identify the barriers to school attendance by children with disabilities in Rwanda.</p>