A inclusão escolar de alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais, embora amparada por lei, tem sido objeto de grandes questionamentos no que se refere às condições básicas necessárias para efetivá-la. Porém, entre estes alunos, destaca-se a dificuldade para inclusão daqueles com seqüela de paralisia cerebral que, por apresentarem um conjunto de comprometimentos associados, como o sensorial, o motor e/ou cognitivo, acabam encontrando barreiras ao serem inseridos nas classes de ensino regular. Partindo deste pressuposto, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar, a concepção de professoras do Primeiro Segmento do Ensino Fundamental da rede regular de ensino, de diferentes escolas públicas e privadas, dos municípios do Rio de Janeiro, sobre a inclusão escolar do aluno com seqüela de paralisia cerebral. Para tal foi realizado um estudo qualitativo tendo sido evidenciados aspectos que demonstram, segundo seu ponto de vista, as principais dificuldades encontradas pelo professor e por esses alunos no favorecimento da proposta inclusiva. Foram realizadas entrevistas com treze professoras do ensino regular, com prévia experiência em inclusão escolar deste alunado (n=10) ou, que apenas conheciam pessoas com seqüela de paralisia cerebral (n=3). As entrevistadas são alunas (cursando entre o terceiro e o último anos do curso de graduação em Pedagogia) de duas universidades do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados obtidos, através de análise das entrevistas, revelaram, entre outros aspectos, um desconhecimento sobre o que efetivamente seja a paralisia cerebral, bem como sobre suas complicações e/ou deficiências associadas. Além disso, verificou-se sua concepção sobre o aluno com paralisia cerebral, preservação dos estigmas e dos estereótipos, além de terem sido apontadas várias dificuldades encontradas pelo educador para a efetivação do processo de inclusão escolar deste. Dentre estes destacamos a falta de capacitação profissional, falta de recurso pedagógico, superlotação de alunos no ensino regular. Acreditamos que estes achados poderão contribuir para a promoção de uma análise reflexiva sobre o tema paralisia cerebral e sobre, como tem sido vista a inclusão destes alunos no ensino regular pelos seus mediadores. / School inclusion of bearers of deficiencies, eventhough supported by law, has been always a challenge specially in which concerns its basic conditions in order to accomplish it. However, among these students, children with cerebral palsy have even more difficulties in the regular educational inclusion process probably due to he diseases characteristics such as cognitive, motor and sensorial disorders. Based on this facts the aim of this study was to evaluate the actual concepts of primary school teachers from public and private schools in Rio de Janeiro, about inclusion of this students. On this purpose were analysed different points of view, according to the interviews, about the most essential needs and limitations of this children and the teachers in this procedure. The study was carried out with 13 teachers that either had previous experience in school inclusion of children with this type of disease (n=10) or knew any person with the disorder (n=3). The teachers were attending between 3rd and last year of Pedagogy graduation from two different Universities in Rio de Janeiro. The results showed that there is a lack of knowledge about cerebral palsy and also about its complications and associated deficiences. Besides that, the interviews revealed the misconception because of the stereotype and stigmas maintenance. Furthermore, several needs and difficulties were identified as inappropriate professional capacity, absence of pedagogic tools, high number of students in regular education. In summary, this study demonstrates the potential of the data analysed as a form to contribute for an accurate reflexion and analysis of cerebral palsy and how this issue is being treated by authorities.

La scolarisation des élèves en situation de handicap sur le plan cognitif, désignés comme handicapés mentaux, connaît en France une forte expansion depuis la loi du 11 février 2005. Le paradigme inclusif, encadré par une législation européenne et internationale, y contribue largement, tout comme l’influence des disability studies. Assurant un accompagnement pédagogique à l’inclusion des élèves dans les classes ordinaires, l’Unité Localisée pour l’Inclusion Scolaire est un dispositif dont les modalités d’organisation, particulièrement en second degré, varient selon les contextes académiques. Si l’inclusion se développe significativement au collège, la présence de ces élèves au lycée professionnel date seulement d’une dizaine d’années et se confronte à des résistances créant des effets de liminalité. À travers un recueil de données ethnographiques (observations, documents de terrain) et l’analyse d’entretiens semi-directifs de type compréhensif réalisés auprès de trente-six élèves et d’une trentaine de professionnels de l’école (coordonnateurs, enseignants, COP, responsables institutionnels), nous analysons les processus en œuvre dans les procédures d’orientation scolaire des élèves du second degré bénéficiant du cadre de l’ULIS. Fondées sur la mise en place du Parcours Avenir, ces pratiques empruntent de nouvelles voies pour des élèves dont l’orientation a été, jusque récemment, majoritairement tournée vers la filière médico-sociale. Notre analyse s’attache à montrer comment l’ULIS peut, dans certaines conditions, fournir les bases d’un environnement socialisant et capacitant afin d’ouvrir des perspectives de formation aux élèves en situation de handicap cognitif. / In France, the education of students with cognitive disorders, labelled as mentally disabled, has been growing since the act of the 11 of February 2005. The inclusion paradigm that is ruled by law at the European and international levels, has greatly influenced this development as well as the disability studies. The ULIS, provide some pedagogical support to include Special Education Needs students into mainstream classrooms. The organization of such a device varies according to context and education areas. If inclusion has significantly increased in lower secondary schools, the attendance of students with cognitive disabilities in vocational schools has started only ten years ago and the process faces liminality challenges. Thanks to the collection of ethnographic data based on observation and documents analysis as well as the completion of semi-directive face-to-face interviews conducted with 36 students and 30 educational professionals (coordinators, teachers, orientation counsellors, management staff), we set out to analyse the undergoing process for the orientation practices of ULIS students in secondary education. Based on the implementation of the Parcours Avenir project, these guidance practices open up new perspectives for these students whose orientation has been mainly guided by socio-therapeutic approaches. We show how the ULIS device, under specific conditions, can offer the basis for a socializing and empowering environment that contributes to open up new training perspectives to students with cognitive disabilities.

Syftet med examensarbetet är att diskutera och belysa hur några skolor arbetar med attidentifiera och stötta elever med dyslexi och sätta det i relation till skolans styrdokument. Föratt kunna undersöka dessa frågeställningar användes semistrukturerade intervjuer med sexstycken lärare som alla arbetar på olika skolor. Resultaten visar att skolorna arbetar med attkartlägga och följa upp eleverna och att lärarna försöker kompensera elevers svårighetergenom olika pedagogiska stöd och tekniska hjälpmedel. Skolorna arbetar inkluderande och deanpassar undervisningen och lärandemiljön utifrån elevernas olika behov och svårigheter.Resultaten visar också det finns dilemman som lärarna mött under sitt arbete med att hjälpaeleverna med dyslexi så som att skolan ska vara kompensatorisk men samtidigt varainkluderande, tidsbrist, hjälpmedlen kan vara utpekande och att eleverna behöver få endiagnos för att skolan ska få extra resurser. / The aim of the study is to discuss and illustrate how some schools are working to identify andsupport pupils with dyslexia and how it relates to their policy documents. To investigate thesequestions, semi-structured interviews were chosen as the method. Six teachers, all working atdifferent schools, were interviewed. The results show that the school are working to identifyand follow up students, and that educators are trying to compensate for pupils difficultiesthrough a variety of educational supports and assistive technology. Schools working in aninclusive and personalizing the teaching and learning environment according to puppilsdifferent needs and difficulties. The results also show there are dilemmas that educators facedin their effort to help students whit dyslexia as that the school should be compensatory but atthe same time inclusive, lack of time, that the us of aids can become stigmatizing, andstudents need a diagnosis for the school to get extra resources.

TITLE: Attitudes of selected target groups to questions of educational inclusion ABSTRACT The diploma thesis deals with attitudes of selected target groups to questions of educational inclusion. The theoretical part defines notions of integration, inclusion and their historical evolution. Then it deals with factors participating on efficiency of educational inclusion and suitable preparation for education of pupils with different types of special education needs at primary school. The practical part analyzes results which were collected during the research and explains the opinions of selected target groups. Keywords: Integration, inclusion, pupils with special education needs, family, primary school, special education diagnostics, consultancy

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2017-10-04T12:28:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 NILZE HELENA DÉROULÈDE.pdf: 830924 bytes, checksum: d252453b613ad21aeb3cc078fae6c067 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-04T12:28:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NILZE HELENA DÉROULÈDE.pdf: 830924 bytes, checksum: d252453b613ad21aeb3cc078fae6c067 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-08-01 / In this study, the inclusive education is approached, having been chosen, as theme, the Support Section in the School Inclusive Process as part of a the Reference Unit’s Project, recently developed by the Superintendency Special Teaching of the Goiás' Education's State General Office which has for purpose to give support to the inclusive actions in the state and municipal nets of teaching's schools. The Support Section is formed by multiprofessionals teams and it’s considered by many authors as a facilitative resource and a mediator of the teacher's pedagogic and educational practices, of the school and family, by representing the possibility of contributing and providing conditions for more appropriated services aiming the development of each student's special education needs. To make possible the research, a qualitative approach was used and, as methodological way, the microethnography line which searches for the unit analysis as a cutting instance that conserves the properties of the whole that it’s intended to investigate. This way, was analyzed the work developed by one of the Support Section's teams of the Maria Lusia de Oliveira Reference’s Unit with the State School President Dutra, in Goiânia, discussing this team's performance and its relationships with the school, with two teachers and with a Syndrome of Down's student and her family. It searched to discover the contributions that have been offered by the Support Section to the teachers' educational practice and the support forms given to the school community, seeking the understanding and the internalization of the social value of the opportunities' equality and of the differences' respect and acceptance. The referencial used is the socialinteractionism model that is ruled by the cooperation, the mediation and by the interaction between the professionals' team and the school community involved. The investigation's demanded results take to consider that the work developed by the Support Section, observed its limitations and after some structural adjustments, is important, has potential and is possible as a base to sustain the inclusive education improvement. The Support Section can contribute, as partner of the regular teaching, in the sense of showing, through sensitization actions and educational and pedagogic actions, the differences' social value, inside the same education space, where all can learn together, in a reciprocal change of efficiencies, despite the differences. / Neste estudo, é abordada a educação inclusiva, tendo sido escolhido como tema o Setor de Apoio no Processo Inclusivo Escolar, por fazer parte do Projeto Unidade de Referência recentemente desenvolvido pela Superintendência de Ensino Especial da Secretaria Estadual de Educação de Goiás e que tem por finalidade dar suporte às ações inclusivistas nas escolas das redes estadual e municipal de ensino. O Setor de Apoio é formado por equipes multiprofissionais e considerado por muitos autores como um recurso facilitador e mediador das práticas pedagógicas e educativas do professor, da escola e da família, por representar a possibilidade de contribuir e de proporcionar condições para atendimentos mais adequados, visando ao desenvolvimento das necessidades educacionais especiais de cada aluno. Para viabilizar a pesquisa, utilizou-se uma abordagem qualitativa e, como caminho metodológico, a linha microetnográfica, que busca fazer análises por unidade, como uma instância de recorte que conserva as propriedades do todo que se pretende investigar. Desse modo, analisou-se o trabalho desenvolvido por uma das equipes do Setor de Apoio da Unidade de Referência Maria Lusia de Oliveira junto à Escola Estadual Presidente Dutra, em Goiânia, questionando a atuação desta equipe em suas relações com a escola, com duas professoras e com uma aluna com Síndrome de Down e sua família. Buscou-se averiguar as contribuições que têm sido oferecidas pelo Setor de Apoio à prática educativa das professoras e as formas de apoio dadas à comunidade escolar, visando à compreensão e a internalização do valor social da igualdade de oportunidades, do respeito e da aceitação das diferenças. O referencial utilizado é o modelo sociointeracionista, que se pauta pela cooperação, pela mediação e pela interação entre os profissionais da equipe e a comunidade escolar envolvida. Os resultados demandados desta investigação levam a considerar que o trabalho desenvolvido pelo Setor de Apoio, observadas suas limitações e após alguns ajustes estruturais, é importante, tem potencial e é viável como pilar para sustentar a construção da educação inclusiva. O Setor de Apoio pode contribuir, como parceiro do ensino regular, no sentido de mostrar, através de ações de sensibilização, de ações educativas e pedagógicas, o valor social das diferenças dentro de um mesmo espaço educacional, onde todos podem aprender juntos, numa troca recíproca de eficiências, apesar das diferenças.

<p>This study provides educators with an opportunity to share their commitments and biases, their beliefs about what these learners need and what, as educators, they have to offer them. The study focuses specifically on what curriculum educators believe should be offered to the youth in these centres. It is important to note that the focus of the thesis is on the educational debates and challenges within SYCECs, and not on the overall goals and role to be played by these institutions in rehabilitating youth. This piece of work acknowledges the systemic issues that impact on learning and development of youth, but foregrounds what learners in SYCECs should be taught and why. This is its main contribution.</p>

Syftet med den här studien var att undersöka, belysa och exemplifiera hur en svensk grundskola arbetar med elever som har dyslexi, dels i generella termer, dels med inriktning mot engelskundervisningen, vad gäller stöttning, hjälpmedel, bedömning och betygssättning samt i vilken mån den undersökta skolans dyslexiarbete harmonierar med styrdokumentens föreskrifter.      För att kunna undersöka det valda området användes semi-strukturerade intervjuer med tre lärare och en specialpedagog på skolan. Intervjuerna sammanställdes och analyserades.      Resultaten på studien visade att skolan arbetar medvetet för att underlätta för elever med dyslexi genom hjälpmedel och nivågrupperingar, men att lärarna ändå till stor del står frågande när det gäller vilka metoder som fungerar bäst, hur de ska handla vid misstanke om dyslexi samt bedömning och betygssättning. Resultaten visade också att engelska är ett ämne som lärarna och specialpedagogen upplever som extra svårt för elever med dyslexi. Under engelskundervisningen arbetar lärarna dock inte annorlunda med elever som har dyslexi, trots att det ämnet anses som svårare. De anser sig inte ha verktygen. / The aim of this study was to examine, illustrate and exemplify both in general terms and in the teaching of English, how a Swedish compulsory school works with pupils who have dyslexia. The study focused on support, assistance, assessment and marking, and to what extension the school’s work with dyslexia corresponds to the regulations of the steering documents.      Semi-structured interviews were chosen as the method for examining the chosen subject. Three teachers and one special educational needs teacher were interviewed. The interviews were then put together and analysed.      The results of the study showed that the school works deliberately to make school easier for pupils with dyslexia by giving them assistance and ability grouping, however, the teachers still seem to have many questions regarding teaching methods, what to do if suspecting dyslexia, assessment and marking. The results also showed that English is a subject which is considered to be especially difficult for pupils with dyslexia, by the teachers and the special educational needs teacher. During the teaching of English, the teachers do not work differently with the pupils who have dyslexia, even though English is believed to be a difficult subject to learn. The teachers do not feel that they have the right tools to do so.

This mixed methods research study centers on learner-learner interactions; thus, contributing to the on-going investigation within negotiation and interaction, computer-mediated-communication and its role in second language learning. The specific aim was to investigate corrective feedback types, incidences, and the relationship between error and feedback type among peers within online synchronous environments in EFL classes in Slovenia, Europe. Interactional characteristics of corrective feedback with learners having a documented special need (SN) also were explored using qualitative analyses. The study encompassed 208 students that were randomly placed into 104 dyads within intact classes of Grades 7, 8, 10, and 11. There were 32 dyads in Grade 7, 16 dyads in Grade 8, 24 dyads in Grade 10, and 32 dyads in Grade 11. Three participants had a documented special need. Quantitative analysis did not reveal statistical significant difference in the incidence of corrective feedb feedback and grade level, the relationship among the type of corrective feedback and grade level, or the relationship between learner error and type of corrective feedback across grade levels. Corrective feedback types were similar to those studied in traditional classroom research (i.e., explicit corrections, recasts, negotiation of form). However, descriptive statistics and qualitative analyses revealed conversational techniques that are specific to text-based online discourses providing insight into interactional characteristics among interactants within a discourse environment that differs both from speech and written texts. Consequently, an additional corrective feedback type emerged from the data, coded as feedback request. The most frequent corrective feedback type provided was explicit corrections. Frequency data revealed that corrective feedback tended to decrease as the grade level increased. Data with SN learners indicated distinctive discourse techniques.Overall, low incidences of corrective feedback and error types might have been affected by the learner's developmental levels, social readiness, and/or psychological readiness (Oliver, 1998), as well as the learner's individual conversational styles and socio-cultural factors. Consequently, further research is warranted in examining these factors. In addition, longitudinal studies are warranted in examining whether online negotiated work lead towards L2 acquisition. Finally, the role of phantom corrective moves when coding qualitative online text data also need to be examined further.

Inkliuziniam ugdymui didelę įtaką turi tai kokias nuostatas į mokinį turi mokytojai ir mokykloje dirbantys specialistai, kaip jie pasirengę ugdyti specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių turinčius mokinius, ir kaip aktyviai mokinių tėvai įsijungia į savo vaikų ugdymo procesą bei kaip dalyvauja vertinant jų specialiuosius ugdymosiporeikius. / The influence upon the education of inclusion depends on the following facts: what attitudes teachers or specialists at school have towards a student, whether and how they are ready to train students with special education needs as well as how actively parents join in their children’s education process and take part in assessing their special education needs.

<p>This study provides educators with an opportunity to share their commitments and biases, their beliefs about what these learners need and what, as educators, they have to offer them. The study focuses specifically on what curriculum educators believe should be offered to the youth in these centres. It is important to note that the focus of the thesis is on the educational debates and challenges within SYCECs, and not on the overall goals and role to be played by these institutions in rehabilitating youth. This piece of work acknowledges the systemic issues that impact on learning and development of youth, but foregrounds what learners in SYCECs should be taught and why. This is its main contribution.</p>