I dagens mångkulturella samhälle är det många barn som talar två eller flera språk. Det är viktigt att kunna bemöta flerspråkiga barn och ge dem rätt språkligt stöd vid behov. Denna studie baseras på MAINs testmaterial som är utformat inom ramarna för COST projekt IS0804 för bedömning av barns narrativa förmåga och använder berättelser till bildserier som ett sätt att samla in barns narrativer. Syftet med studien är att beskriva narrativ förmåga hos tvåspråkiga rysk-svensktalande barn och bidra med referensdata till ovannämnda projekt. Deltagarna var tio simultant tvåspråkiga rysk-svensktalade barn mellan 6:8 och 7:10 samt tre successivt tvåspråkiga barn. Barnen fick berätta på ryska och svenska kring två makrostrukturellt lika bildserier samt svara på en rad förståelsefrågor utifrån bildernas innehåll. Insamlade ryska och svenska narrativer analyserades på makro- och mikrostrukturell nivå. Resultaten visade att det fanns tydliga skillnader mellan barnens prestationer i berättandet och förståelsen. Narrativernas övergripande struktur vad gäller story grammar och komplexitet stämde väl överens mellan språken oavsett barnets språkbehärskningsnivå. Däremot fanns det stora skillnader i förekomsten av Internal State Terms tokens mellan ryska och svenska narrativer som bara kunde förklaras med rent kulturella skillnader mellan språken. Detta resultat ifrågasätter värdet av jämförelse av IST tokens mellan språk. De små skillnader som påvisades vid en kvantitativ analys av narrativernas mikrostrukturer vad gäller yttrandelängd och lexikal variation kan förklaras med språkspecifika morfo-syntaktiska distinktioner mellan ryska och svenska. En kvalitativ analys av barnens narrativer påvisade att fel ordval, utelämningar och kodväxlingar var mer typiska för barnens svagaste språk. Kongruenssvårigheter påträffades i båda språken hos simultant tvåspråkiga barn men inte i ryska narrativer hos barn vars modersmål var ryska. Det behövs mer forskning inom ramarna för COST Action IS0804 som handlar om berättandeförmåga hos tvåspråkiga barn med språkstörning. Detta kan i sin tur leda till att testmaterialet blir standardiserat och kan användas inom logopedisk verksamhet. / In today's multicultural society there are many children who speak two or more languages. It is important to be aware of possible problems and provide them with adequate language assistance if needed. This study is based on the MAIN test material designed within COST project IS0804 for the assessment of children's narrative skills, which uses a number of picture sequences to elicit children’s narratives. The study aims to investigate the storytelling abilities of a group of bilingual Russian-Swedish speaking children and provide reference data for the above-mentioned project. The participants were ten simultaneously bilingual Russian-Swedish speaking children between the age of 6 years and 8 months and 7 years and 10 months, as well as three age-matched children with Russian as their native language and Swedish as a second language. Children were asked to tell a story in Russian and Swedish using two picture sequences with parallel macrostructure and then answer comprehension questions based on the content of the pictures. The Russian and Swedish narratives were analyzed on both macro- and microstructural levels. The results showed that there were clear differences between the children’s storytelling and their understanding. Overall narrative structure in terms of story grammar and complexity was quite similar in both languages, irrespective of language exposure pattern. However, there were significant differences between the prevalence of Internal State Terms tokens in Russian and Swedish narratives that could only be explained by purely cultural differences between the languages. This result questions the feasibility of straightforward of IST tokens between languages. The minor differences revealed by quantitative analysis of the stories’ microstructures in terms of utterance length and lexical diversity could be explained by language-specific morphosyntactic differences between Russian and Swedish. A qualitative analysis of the narratives showed that wrong choice of words, omissions and code-switching were more typical of the child's weakest language. Difficulties with inflections were found in both languages for simultaneous bilingual children but not in Russian stories told by children with Russian as their first language. More research is needed within the framework of COST Action IS0804 on the storytelling abilities of bilingual children with language impairment. This may in its turn lead to the test material being standardized and put into common use in speech-language therapy.

Introduction and rationale: Clinical experience with infants presenting with feeding difficulties and increasing referrals of infants with colic led to this study. There is uncertainty whether the speechlanguage therapist should play a role in the management of this condition. Despite extensive clinical research into the multiple factors related to the condition, the etiology of infantile colic has not yet been established. Suck- swallow-breathing coordination (SSBC), which is key to successful feeding, has not yet been investigated as a factor in this condition. Goals: The goal of the study was to give a comprehensive description of the symptoms and the SSBC of a group of young infants with colic. Sub-goal 1 was to compile a list of symptoms based on a description by parents of infants with infantile colic, which could be used to compare symptoms of a group of infants with the condition to a group without the condition. Sub-goal 2 was to describe SSBC, in a group of infants with the condition, by conducting a clinical assessment. Sub-goal 3 was to compare SSBC in a group of infants with colic to a group without the condition of the same age. Method: A descriptive survey design and interview guide was used in Phase 1. The parents of 60 infants with colic participated in this study. A correlation research design (Phase 2) and the List of symptoms for Infantile Colic (compiled in Phase 1) as well as the Assessment Protocol for SSBC (compiled in Phase 2) were used. A new research group of 50 participants with infantile colic and a control group of 28 participants with the condition, whose ages correlated with those of the research group, was selected. An interview was conducted with the parents of all participants. SSBC was clinically assessed in all the participants. Results: Parental description of infantile colic resulted in a comprehensive list of 27 symptoms. Audible swallowing of air and a feeding duration of more than 20 minutes were described more by parents than found in the literature. Statistically significant differences were found when the postural control and SSBC of the research group were compared with the control group. The difficulties with SSBC differed across the age categories of the participants. Conclusion: The study indicated that infantile colic is related to a disturbance in postural control and components of SSBC, and infants with the condition have subtle feeding difficulties. The speech-language therapist therefore has a role to play in the clinical assessment of infantile colic and the development of treatment strategies. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / lk2014 / Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology / MA / Unrestricted

Background: Early identification and intervention for infants and young children with developmental delays may negate or minimise the negative effect of a disability on a child's development. Poor follow-up on early detection referrals, however, undermines the effectiveness of early intervention programmes. Objectives: To identify factors, including text message reminders, that influence follow-up adherence for early intervention after developmental screening in primary health care. A secondary objective surveyed reasons for follow-up default. Methods: The PEDS Tools was used to screen 247 high-risk children. A risk assessment questionnaire was completed with caregivers whose children were referred for speech-language and/or occupational therapy (n=106, 43%). A quasi-experimental study was employed to identify risk factors for defaulting on appointments. A thematic analysis of telephonic interviews was also employed to determine reasons for follow-up defaults. Results: Follow-up adherence was 17%. Participants who were divorced, widowed or never married were 2.88 times more likely to attend a follow-up appointment than those who were married or living together (95%, CI 0.97- 8.63). Text message reminders did not significantly improve follow-up. More than half (58%) of participants who defaulted on appointments could be reached for telephonic interviews. During the telephonic interviews 87% of participants did not report concern about their child's development. Reasons for defaulting were employment, logistical issues, other responsibilities and forgetfulness. Conclusions: Detecting possible developmental delays did not lead to acceptable follow-up adherence for early intervention services at primary health care levels. Increased awareness and education regarding the importance of development for educational success is needed. / Dissertation (M Communication Pathology)--University of Pretoria, 2016. / Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology / MCommunication Pathology / Unrestricted

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:12:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camila Miranda Loiola.pdf: 1202470 bytes, checksum: ef74d84ef3ac18010ff17d120c6f8609 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-30 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Most choirs, formed in churches, communities, schools and clubs, is composed of amateur singers. There are few studies that address the intervention with this population and studies emphasize only the immediate results of the application of vocal exercises. Objective: To determine the effects of a speech therapeutic intervention proposed by means of evaluation of speech therapists, singing teachers and amateur choristers participants, analyzing, in the pre and post intervention, the parameters of breathing, projection of the voice and vocal range in singing voice. Method: The program had the theoretical framework of ZABALA (1998), which presents a reflection on the educational practice. This research counted on the participation of ten amateur choral singers who initially responded to a questionnaire to describe the group. The singers performed voice recordings of the vocal range and a piece of song, of free choice, pre and post intervention. During six weekly meetings, the group went through a warming up program, basic knowledge of anatomy and physiology of voice applied to singing, discussions about vocal health, breathing and voice perception. The recordings were sent on a CD to six professional judges (speech therapists and singing teachers). The judges made audio perception analysis by a protocol and evaluated the breathing, projection of the voice and vocal range of the singers. Choristers, without access to the recordings, made auto-evaluation and reviewed the same parameters. Results: Judges evaluation: vocal range had more positive changes, followed by breathing and, finally, the voice projection. Statistical analysis (qui-square) showed that all the parameters were significant changes (p <0.01). When comparing the two groups of judges: speech pathologists examined the voice range profile more in line with expectations, singing teachers, the projection of the voice, and breathing presented data equivalent, statistically. The results showed that by subject, in the opinion of judges, two subjects showed improvement in all parameters examined and seven of them, at least two parameters. According to the singers report, all aspects had improved. Conclusion: the proposed intervention, which adopted an action such as posture and broad education, had positive effects in the study group and shows the need to conduct further studies to evaluate, in addition to the results pre and post intervention, the process itself, the order to enhance the work of a speech pathologist in the singing voice / A maioria dos corais, formados em igrejas, comunidades, escolas e clubes, é composta por cantores amadores. Existem poucas pesquisas que abordam a intervenção fonoaudiológica com essa população e os estudos enfatizam apenas resultados imediatos da aplicação de exercícios vocais. Objetivo: verificar os efeitos de uma proposta de intervenção fonoaudiológica, por meio de avaliação de fonoaudiólogos, professores de canto e dos próprios coristas amadores participantes, analisando, em momento pré e pós intervenção fonoaudiológica, os parâmetros de respiração, projeção e tessitura vocal na voz cantada. Método: O programa teve como referencial teórico a proposta de ZABALA (1998), que apresenta uma reflexão sobre a prática educativa. A pesquisa contou com a participação de 10 cantores de um coral amador que inicialmente responderam a um questionário para caracterização do grupo. Os cantores realizaram gravações da extensão vocal e de um trecho de canto, de livre escolha, pré e pós intervenção. Durante seis encontros semanais o grupo passou por um programa de aquecimento vocal, noções de anatomia e fisiologia da voz aplicada ao canto, discussões sobre saúde vocal, trabalho com respiração e propriocepção da voz. As gravações foram enviadas em um CD para seis juízes (fonoaudiólogos e professores de canto). Os juízes fizeram análise perceptivo-auditiva por meio de protocolo e avaliaram a respiração, projeção e tessitura vocal dos cantores. Os coristas, sem terem acesso às gravações, realizaram auto-avaliação e analisaram os mesmos parâmetros. Resultados: na avaliação dos juízes: a tessitura vocal teve mais alterações positivas, seguida da respiração e, por último, a projeção vocal. A análise estatística (teste Qui-Quadrado) mostrou que todos os parâmetros tiveram mudanças significativas (p < 0,01). Ao comparar os dois grupos de juízes: fonoaudiólogos analisaram a tessitura vocal mais de acordo com o esperado, professores de canto, a projeção, e a respiração apresentou dados equivalentes, estatisticamente. Os resultados por sujeito mostraram que, na opinião dos juízes, dois sujeitos apresentaram melhoras em todos os parâmetros analisados e sete deles, em pelo menos dois parâmetros. Segundo o relato dos cantores, todos os aspectos apresentaram melhoras. Conclusão: a proposta de intervenção, que adotou como postura uma ação ampla e educativa, teve efeitos positivos no grupo estudado e mostra a necessidade de se realizarem mais estudos que possam avaliar, além dos resultados pré e pós, o próprio processo em si, a fim de se valorizar a atuação do fonoaudiólogo na área de voz cantada

Am 20. November 2010 fand an der Universität Potsdam das 4. Herbsttreffen Patholinguistik statt. Die Konferenzreihe wird regelmäßig seit 2007 vom Verband für Patholinguistik e.V. (vpl) durchgeführt. Der vorliegende Tagungsband veröffentlicht die Hauptvorträge des Herbsttreffens zum Thema "Lesen lernen: Diagnostik und Therapie bei Störungen des Leseerwerbs". Des Weiteren sind die Beiträge promovierender bzw. promovierter PatholinguistInnen sowie der Posterpräsentationen enthalten. / On November 20, 2010, the 4th Herbsttreffen Patholinguistik took place at the University of Potsdam. This annual conference is organized by the Verband für Patholinguistik e.V. (vpl). The main topic was "Learning to read: Assessment and intervention in developmental dyslexia". These proceedings contain the four main lectures, the contributed talks of the "Spektrum Patholinguistik" covering various psycho- and neurolinguistic research areas, and the abstracts of the presented posters.

Das Herbsttreffen Patholinguistik wird seit 2007 jährlich vom Verband für Patholinguistik e.V. (vpl) durchgeführt. Das 7. Herbsttreffen mit dem Schwerpunktthema "Hören – Zuhören – Dazugehören: Sprachtherapie bei Hörstörungen und Cochlea-Implantat" fand am 16.11.2013 in Potsdam statt. Der vorliegende Tagungsband beinhaltet die sechs Vorträge zum Schwerpunktthema aus verschiedenen Perspektiven: der medizinischen, der therapeutischen, der wissenschaftlichen sowie der von Betroffenen. Weiterhin sind die Beiträge der Posterpräsentationen zu Themen der sprachtherapeutischen Forschung und Praxis abgedruckt. / The 'Herbsttreffen Patholinguistik' is an annual conference organized by the Association for Patholinguistics (Verband für Patholinguistik e.V./vpl) since 2007. The seventh edition of this event took place on November 16 2013 in Potsdam and had as its focus topic "Hear – Listen– Participate: Language Therapy for People with Hearing Loss or Cochlear Implants". These proceedings contain the keynote talks covering the medical, therapeutic, and scientific perspectives as well as the view from two users of cochlear implants. The second part comprises the contributions to the poster session from different areas of speech/language therapy research and practice.