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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
91

Logistics Regression Model on Antenna Control Unit Autotracking Mode

Laird, Daniel T. 10 1900 (has links)
ITC/USA 2015 Conference Proceedings / The Fifty-First Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2015 / Bally's Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NV / Over the past several years DoD imposed constraints on test deliverables, requiring objective measures of test results, i.e., statistically defensible test and evaluation (SDT&E) methods and results. These constraints force testers to employ statistical hypotheses, analyses and modeling to assess test results objectively, i.e., based on statistical metrics, analytical methods, probability of confidence complemented by, rather than solely on expertise, which is too subjective. In this and companion papers we discuss methods of objectifying testing. We employ an earth coordinate model and statistical modeling of telemetry (TM) tracking antenna employing time-space position information (TSPI) and derived statistical measures for tracking-error and auto-tracking mode. Test data were statistically analyzed via analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) which revealed that the antenna control unit (ACU) under test (AUT) does not track statistically identically, nor as practically or efficiently in C-band while receiving data carriers in both S- and C-bands. The conclusions of this paper add support to that hypothesis. In this third of three papers we use data from a range test, but make no reference to the systems under test as the purpose of this paper is to present an example of tools useful for employing a SDT&E methodology.
92

Approximation of OLAP queries on data warehouses / Approximation aux requêtes OLAP sur les entrepôts de données

Cao, Phuong Thao 20 June 2013 (has links)
Nous étudions les réponses proches à des requêtes OLAP sur les entrepôts de données. Nous considérons les réponses relatives aux requêtes OLAP sur un schéma, comme les distributions avec la distance L1 et rapprocher les réponses sans stocker totalement l'entrepôt de données. Nous présentons d'abord trois méthodes spécifiques: l'échantillonnage uniforme, l'échantillonnage basé sur la mesure et le modèle statistique. Nous introduisons également une distance d'édition entre les entrepôts de données avec des opérations d'édition adaptées aux entrepôts de données. Puis, dans l'échange de données OLAP, nous étudions comment échantillonner chaque source et combiner les échantillons pour rapprocher toutes requêtes OLAP. Nous examinons ensuite un contexte streaming, où un entrepôt de données est construit par les flux de différentes sources. Nous montrons une borne inférieure de la taille de la mémoire nécessaire aux requêtes approximatives. Dans ce cas, nous avons les réponses pour les requêtes OLAP avec une mémoire finie. Nous décrivons également une méthode pour découvrir les dépendances statistique, une nouvelle notion que nous introduisons. Nous recherchons ces dépendances en basant sur l'arbre de décision. Nous appliquons la méthode à deux entrepôts de données. Le premier simule les données de capteurs, qui fournissent des paramètres météorologiques au fil du temps et de l'emplacement à partir de différentes sources. Le deuxième est la collecte de RSS à partir des sites web sur Internet. / We study the approximate answers to OLAP queries on data warehouses. We consider the relative answers to OLAP queries on a schema, as distributions with the L1 distance and approximate the answers without storing the entire data warehouse. We first introduce three specific methods: the uniform sampling, the measure-based sampling and the statistical model. We introduce also an edit distance between data warehouses with edit operations adapted for data warehouses. Then, in the OLAP data exchange, we study how to sample each source and combine the samples to approximate any OLAP query. We next consider a streaming context, where a data warehouse is built by streams of different sources. We show a lower bound on the size of the memory necessary to approximate queries. In this case, we approximate OLAP queries with a finite memory. We describe also a method to discover the statistical dependencies, a new notion we introduce. We are looking for them based on the decision tree. We apply the method to two data warehouses. The first one simulates the data of sensors, which provide weather parameters over time and location from different sources. The second one is the collection of RSS from the web sites on Internet.
93

Modelos de contato com probabilidades aperiódicas. / Models of contact with aperiodic probabilities.

Ribeiro, Darielder Jesus 31 October 2005 (has links)
A análise de modelos de contato na presença de elementos de desordem fixa indica o surgimento de desvios em relação ao comportamento crítico do modelo uniforme subjacente. Nesse trabalho consideramos o efeito da aperiodicidade, que também é capaz de produzir flutuações de natureza geométrica. Utilizamos distri­ buições aperiódicas de probabilidades, definidas através de regras de substituição determinísticas, a fim de analisar o comportamento crítico desses modelos de con­ tato. Realizamos simulações de Monte Carlo para modelos definidos por três regras distintas, caracterizadas por um expoente w, associado à intensidade das flutuações geométricas. Nos modelos A e B, com w = -1 e w = 0, não constatamos qualquer mudança em relação à classe de universalidade crítica da percolação direcionada. Já no Modelo C, com w = 0.6309, as flutuações geométricas alteram a classe de universalidade crítica. / The analysis of contact models in the presence of quenched disorder indicates the onset of deviations with respect to the critical behavior of the underlying uniform system. In the present work, we consider the effects of aperiodicity, which are also known to produce fluctuation of geometric nature. We use aperiodic distributions of probabilities, given by deterministic substitution rules, in order to analyze the critical behavior. We performed Monte Carlo simulations for three different rules, characterized by an exponent w, which gauges the intensity of the geometric fluc­ tuations. For models A and B, with w = -1and w = 0, we have not detected any changes with respect to the universality class of directed percolation. For model C, with w = 0.6309, the geometric fluctuations change the critical universality class.
94

Biodiversidade de Culicidae e sua interação com arboviroses e malária na Mata Atlântica / Biodiversity of Culicidae and its interaction with arboviruses and malaria in the Atlantic Forest

Laporta, Gabriel Zorello 24 April 2012 (has links)
Introdução - Interações complexas estão presentes entre a biodiversidade de mosquitos (Diptera, Culicidae) e as dinâmicas de transmissão de arbovírus e plasmódios que são agentes infecciosos que podem causar moléstias em humanos e outros animais. Objetivos - Aplicar método de distribuição potencial de habitats para mosquitos vetores de arbovírus e de plasmódios no Vale do Ribeira, sudeste do Estado de São Paulo, sub-região Serra do Mar da Mata Atlântica. Em escala local nessa região, relacionar a heterogeneidade espacial com a biodiversidade e esta com a dinâmica de transmissão de malária no Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso. Métodos - Foram elaborados mapas de distribuição espacial dos vetores de arbovírus: Aedes serratus, Aedes scapularis e Psorophora ferox. Os mapas gerados para Anopheles cruzii, Anopheles bellator e Anopheles marajoara foram correlacionados com a distribuição espacial de malária. As correlações entre heterogeneidade espacial e biodiversidade de mosquitos foram estabelecidas com o emprego de modelos estatísticos de regressão. Foi elaborado modelo matemático para explicar o efeito da biodiversidade na transmissão de plasmódios. Resultados - As pessoas estão mais expostas às picadas de Ae. serratus, Ae. scapularis e Ps. ferox em áreas mais quentes e chuvosas. A correlação entre An. marajoara e o padrão espacial da malária foi positiva e significativa, enquanto que An. cruzii e An. bellator não foram importantes. Demonstrou-se que o aumento da heterogeneidade espacial está correlacionado, positivamente, com a biodiversidade de mosquitos. Níveis mais elevados de diversidade de mosquitos e de aves e mamíferos foram associados com risco menor de transmissão de plasmódios. Conclusões - A modelagem de distribuição potencial de habitats é uma ferramenta para a vigilância de vetores de arbovírus. Recomenda-se maior atenção ao An. marajoara que poderia ser vetor secundário de plasmódios em áreas abertas, naturais e desmatadas, da Mata Atlântica. A diversidade de plantas aumenta a heterogeneidade espacial e, esta pode ter efeito positivo à biodiversidade de mosquitos. Maiores diversidades de mosquitos, aves e mamíferos poderiam diminuir o número de picadas infectivas de An. cruzii. Pesquisas futuras sobre a epidemiologia dessas doenças deveriam incluir os seguintes temas: mudanças climáticas e arboviroses, heterogeneidade espacial e mosquitos, e biodiversidade e malária / Introduction - Complex interactions are present between biodiversity of mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) and the dynamics of vector-borne arboviruses and malaria-parasites, which are infectious agents that can cause diseases in humans and other animals. Objectives - to apply habitat-suitability modelling for arboviral and malarial mosquito vectors in Vale do Ribeira, southeastern São Paulo state, sub-region of Serra do Mar of Atlantic Forest. In a local scale of this region, to relate the spatial heterogeneity with biodiversity and the role of this with dynamics of malarial transmission in the Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso. Methods - Potential distribution maps were generated for the vectors of arboviruses, such as Aedes serratus, Aedes scapularis and Psorophora ferox. Distribution maps generated for Anopheles cruzii, Anopheles bellator and Anopheles marajoara were correlated with spatial distribution of human malaria. Regression models were applied to correlate the spatial heterogeneity with biodiversity of mosquitoes. It was elaborated a mathematical model to explain the effect of biodiversity on the transmission of Plasmodium. Results - People are more exposed to bites of Ae. serratus, Ae. scapularis and Ps. ferox in warmer and wetter areas. Correlations between An. marajoara and spatial pattern of malaria were positive and significant, while An. cruzii and An. bellator were not important. Spatial heterogeneity was positively associated with biodiversity of mosquitoes. Higher levels of biodiversity of both mosquitoes and vertebrates (birds and mammals) was associated with low risk of Plasmodium transmission. Conclusions - Habitat-suitability modelling is a tool for the surveillance of vector-borne arboviruses. It is recommended greater attention to An. marajoara which can be a potential secondary vector of Plasmodium parasites in natural or deforested open areas of the Atlantic Forest. Plant diversity could increase spatial heterogeneity which can be associated with higher mosquito diversity. Higher levels of mosquito, avian and mammalian diversities may decrease the number of infectious bites of An. cruzii. Future research on the epidemiology of malaria and arboviruses should include the following combinations of subjects: climate change and arboviruses, mosquito and spatial heterogeneity, and biodiversity and malaria
95

Desenvolvimento de um modelo estatístico para aplicação no estudo de fadiga em emendas dentadas de madeira / not available

Espinosa, Mariano Martinez 27 November 2001 (has links)
Madeira laminada colada (MLC) é um material de construção muito empregado em estruturas. Este produto é composto de lâminas classificadas de madeira, coladas horizontalmente, para formar peças estruturais de madeira grandes dimensões. A união das lâminas é realizada através de distintos tipos de emendas longitudinais, sendo as emendas dentadas as mais utilizadas. Considerando que os componentes estruturais de MLC, em geral, são solicitadas a carregamentos cíclicos, este trabalho tem por finalidade a proposta de um modelo estatístico para a determinação da vida à fadiga em menos dentadas de madeira. O trabalho foi realizado no Laboratório de Madeiras e de Estruturas de madeira (LaMEM), com o estudo teórico e experimental da fadiga em corpos-de-prova tracionados de ligações com emendas dentadas, baseado em um planejamento estatístico de experimentos e na NBR 7190/97. Os resultados contidos mostram que o modelo Polinomial Ortogonal Múltiplo da distribuição de Birnbaum-Saunders é de grande precisão e o mais adequado ao estudo da fadiga. O uso deste modelo pode ser de grande benefício, já que com ele se poderá estimar e caracterizar com maior confiabilidade e precisão a um menor custo a vida à fadiga em emendas dentadas de madeira, considerando as variáveis independentes de tensão e freqüência. / In the production of structural elements of Glued Laminated Timber (GLULAM), the horizontal union of lumbers are made with finger joints. Considering that the structural components of GLULAM need a great number of finger joints, and some of these structures are subject to cyclic loading, the objective of this work is to present a statistical model to estimate the fatigue life in lumber tension finger joints. The theoretical and experimental work was made in the Laboratory of Wood and Timber Structures (LaMEM), based on a statistical experiment design using tension tests and in agreement with the NBR 7190/97 code. The estimation procedure was based on the multiple orthogonal polynomial Birnbaum-Saunders model and the results show that the parameter estimates of the multiple orthogonal polynomial Birnbaum-Saunders model are obtained with at good accuracy and the most appropriate for the wood fatigue study. The use of the model can be of great benefit, since with it can be fit and characterize with greater reliability and precision at a smaller cost the fatigue life in finger joints of wood, considering the independent variables stress and frequency.
96

Etude de la méthode de substitution à partir de la mesure simultanée des probabilités de fission et d'émission gamma des actinides 236U, 238U, 237Np et 238Np / Study of the surrogate method through the simultaneous measurement of the gamma-decay and fission-decay probabilities for the actinides 236U, 238U, 237Np and 238Np

Ducasse, Quentin 26 October 2015 (has links)
Les sections efficaces induites par neutrons des noyaux de courte durée de vie jouent un rôle important dans des domaines variés parmi la physique fondamentale, l'astrophysique ou l'énergie nucléaire. Malheureusement de nombreuses contraintes liées à la radiotoxicité des cibles rendent la mesure de ces sections efficaces souvent très difficiles. La méthode de substitution est une technique de mesure indirecte de sections efficaces neutroniques de noyaux radioactifs qui à l'avantage de s'affranchir de ces contraintes. Pour la première fois dans ce type d'expérience,les probabilités de fission et d'émission gamma sont mesurées simultanément, pour les actinides236U, 238U, 237Np et 238Np dans le but d'étudier la validité de la méthode. Une des difficultés provient de la soustraction des gammas des fragments de fission et cette mesure constitue en cela un véritable défi. Cette expérience de mesure simultanée a été effectuée au cyclotron d'Oslo.A une énergie d'excitation fixée du noyau formé, les résultats montrent que les probabilités de fission de substitution sont en bon accord avec celles induites par neutron alors que les probabilités d'émission gamma mesurées sont plusieurs fois plus élevées. Ces écarts sont liés à la différence distribution spin peuplée par le noyau entre les deux méthodes. Des calculs de modèles statistiques avec des paramètres standards n'ont pas permis de reproduire cette insensibilité de la probabilité de fission vis à vis du spin du noyau. La reproduction des observations expérimentales devient possible en considérant un moment d'inertie du noyau fissionnant qui augmente plus rapidement avec la déformation du noyau que ne le préconisent les paramètres standards. De nouveaux efforts théoriques sont à fournir pour améliorer la compréhension de nos résultats. / Neutron-induced cross sections of short-lived nuclei are important in various fields such as fundamental physics, astrophysics or nuclear energy. However, these cross sections are often extremely difficult to measure due to high radioactivity of the targets involved. The surrogate-reaction method is an indirect way to determine neutron-induced cross sections of short-lived nuclei. In order to study the validity of the method, we have measured for the very first time in a surrogate-reaction experiment simultaneously fission and gamma-decay probabilities for the actinides 236U, 238U, 237Np and 238Np. This is challenging because one has to remove the gamma rays emitted by the fission fragments. The measurement was performed at the Oslocyclotron.Our results show that for a given excitation energy, our gamma-decay probabilities are several times higher than neutron-induced probabilities, which can be attributed to differences in spin distribution between the two types of reactions. On the other hand, our fission probabilities are in good agreement with neutron-induced data. Statistical-model calculations applied with standardparameters cannot reproduce the weak spin sensibility to variations of the angular momentum observed for the fission probabilities. However, it is possible to reproduce the experimental observations by considering a stronger increase of the moment of inertia of the fissionning nucleus with deformation. Further theoretical efforts are needed to improve the understanding of our results
97

Surface Realization Using a Featurized Syntactic Statistical Language Model

Packer, Thomas L. 13 March 2006 (has links)
An important challenge in natural language surface realization is the generation of grammatical sentences from incomplete sentence plans. Realization can be broken into a two-stage process consisting of an over-generating rule-based module followed by a ranker that outputs the most probable candidate sentence based on a statistical language model. Thus far, an n-gram language model has been evaluated in this context. More sophisticated syntactic knowledge is expected to improve such a ranker. In this thesis, a new language model based on featurized functional dependency syntax was developed and evaluated. Generation accuracies and cross-entropy for the new language model did not beat the comparison bigram language model.
98

Modélisation et analyse de systèmes stochastiques et temps réel / Modeling and Analysis of Stochastic Real-Time Systems

Mediouni, Braham Lotfi 28 June 2019 (has links)
Dans cette thèse, nous abordons le problème de la modélisation et de la vérification de systèmes complexes présentant des comportements à la fois probabilistes et temporisés. La conception de tels systèmes est devenue de plus en plus complexe en raison de l’hétérogénéité des composants impliqués, l’incertitude découlant d’un environnement ouvert et les contraintes temps réelinhérentes à leurs domaines d’application. La gestion à la fois du logiciel et du matériel dans une vue unifiée tout en incluant des informations sur les performances (par exemple, temps de calcul et de communication, consommation d’énergie, etc.) devient indispensable. Construire et analyser des modèles de performance est d’une importance primordiale pour donner des garanties sur les exigences fonctionnelles et extra-fonctionnelles des systèmes, et permettre uneprise de décision fondée sur des mesures quantitatives dès les premières étapes de la conception.Cette thèse apporte plusieurs nouvelles contributions. Tout d’abord, nous introduisons un nouveau formalisme de modélisation appelé BIP stochastique et temps réel (SRT-BIP) pour la modélisation, la simulation et la génération de code de systèmes à base de composants. Ce formalisme hérite du framework BIP ses capacités de modélisation basées sur les composants et le temps réel et, en outre, il fournit des primitives pour exprimer des comportements stochastiquescomplexes.Deuxièmement, nous étudions des techniques d’apprentissage automatique pour faciliter la construction de modèles de performance. Nous proposons d’améliorer et d’adapter une procédure d’apprentissage présentée dans la littérature pour déduire des modèles stochastiques et temporisés à partir d’exécutions concrètes du système, et de les exprimer dans le formalisme SRT-BIP.Troisièmement, étant donné les modèles de performance dans SRT-BIP, nous explorons l’utilisation du model checking statistique (SMC) pour l’analyse d’exigences concernant la fonctionnalité et les performances du système. Pour ce faire, nous fournissons un framework complet, appelé SBIP, en tant qu’outil de support pour la modélisation, la simulation et l’analyse des systèmes SRT-BIP. SBIP est un environnement de développement intégré (IDE) qui implémente des algorithmes SMC pour des analyses quantitatives, qualitatives et d’événementsrares, en plus d’une procédure d’automatisation pour l’exploration des paramètres d’une propriété. Nous validons nos propositions sur des études de cas réels touchant à des domaines variés tels que les protocoles de communication, les systèmes concurrents et les systèmesembarqués.Enfin, nous étudions plus en détail l’intérêt du SMC lorsqu’il est inclus dans des méthodes d’analyse de système élaborées. Nous illustrons cela en proposant deux approches d’évaluation des risques. Dans la première approche, nous introduisons une méthodologie en spirale pour modéliser des systèmes résilients avec des composants FDIR que nous validons à travers l’évaluation de la sécurité du système de locomotion d’un rover d’exploration planétaire. La deuxième approche concerne l’évaluation des politiques de sécurité des organisations selon une approche de sécurité offensive. L’objectif est de synthétiser des configurations de défense efficaces contre des stratégies d’attaque optimisées (qui minimisent le coût d’attaque et maximisent la probabilité de succès). Ces stratégies d’attaque sont obtenues en combinant l’apprentissage de modèles et les méthodes méta-heuristiques, dans lesquels le SMC a le rôle principal d’évaluer et de prioriser les potentielles stratégies candidates. / In this thesis, we address the problem of modeling and verification of complex systems exhibiting both probabilistic and timed behaviors. Designing such systems has become increasingly complex due to the heterogeneity of the involved components, the uncertainty resulting from open environment and the real-time constraints inherent to their application domains. Handling both software and (abstraction of) hardware in a unified view while also including performanceinformation (e.g. computation and communication times, energy consumption, etc.) becomes a must. Building and analyzing performance models is of paramount importance in order to give guarantees on the functional and extra-functional system requirements and to make well-founded design decisions based on quantitative measures at early design stages.This thesis brings several new contributions. First, we introduce a new modeling formalism called Stochastic Real-Time BIP (SRT-BIP) for the modeling, the simulation and the code generation of component-based systems. This formalism inherits from the BIP framework its component-based and real-time modeling capabilities and, extends it by providing comprehensive primitives to express complex stochastic behaviors.Second, we investigate machine learning techniques to ease the construction of performance models. We propose to enhance and adapt a state-of-the-art learning procedure to infer stochastic real-time models from concrete system execution and to represent them in the SRT-BIP formalism.Third, given performance models in SRT-BIP, we explore the use of statistical Model Checking (SMC) for the anaysis of system’s functional and performance requirements. To do so, we provide a full framework, called SBIP, as a support tool for the modeling, simulation and analysis of SRT-BIP systems. SBIP is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) that implements SMC algorithms for quantitative, qualitative and rare events analyses together with an automated exploring procedure for parameterized requirements. We validate our proposalson real-life case studies ranging from communication protocols and concurrent systems to embedded systems.Finally, we further investigate the interest of SMC when included in elaborated system analysis workflows. We illustrate this by proposing two risk assessment approaches. In the first approach, we introduce a spiral methodology to build resilient systems with FDIR components that we validate on the safety assessment of a planetary rover locomotion system. The second approach is concerned with the security assessment of organization’s defenses following an offensive security approach. The goal is to synthesize impactful defense configurations against optimized attack strategies (that minimize attack cost and maximize success probability). These attack strategies are obtained by combining model learning with meta heuristics, and where SMC is used to score and prioritize potential candidate strategies.
99

Experimental And Theoretical Studies In Fatigue Damage Modeling

Rambabu, Dabiru Venkata 08 1900 (has links)
This thesis has two parts. In the first part, we use the results of new fatigue experiments conducted with variable load levels as well as variable stress ratios to critically assess three (two old and one relatively new) cumulative fatigue damage models. These models are deterministic. Such models are usually tested using multiple blocks of periodic loading with differing amplitudes. However, available data pertains to zero-mean loading, and does not investigate the role of variable stress ratio (Smin/Smax). Here, we present experimental results for variable stress ratios. Two specimen geometries and two materials (Al 2014and Al 2024)are tested. Manson’s double linear damage rule (DLDR)gives the highest accuracy in predicting the experimental outcome, even in the presence of variable stress ratios, whereas predictions of the newer model (“A constructive empirical theory for metal fatigue under block cyclic loading,” Proceedings of the Royal Society A, 464 (2008), 1161-1179) are slightly inferior. The widely used Miner’s rule is least accurate in terms of prediction. The merits and drawbacks of these models, in light of the experimental results, are as follows. The DLDR, though accurate, has minor scientific inconsistencies and no clear generalization. The constructive model has possible generalizability and more appealing scientific consistency, but presently has poorer accuracy. Miner’s rule, least accurate, lies within the constructive approach for special parameter values. The DLDR can guide the new (constructive)approach through new parameter fitting criteria. In the second part of this thesis, we consider the scatter in fatigue life and use the Weibull distribution to describe ‘S-N-P’ curves. We first assume homoscedasticity (load-independent or constant variance) and present a way to draw a p-percentile line on a log-log load-life plot. Then heteroscedasticity (load-dependent variance) in fatigue life is incorporated and a simple statistical model is proposed, to obtain a straight line percentile plot at a pre-specified probability of survival ps. The proposed method is illustrated for Al 2014-T6 and Al 2024-T4 data sets (extracted manually) from MMPDS-01 (a data handbook).
100

Hydrologic Impacts Of Clmate Change : Quantification Of Uncertainties

Raje, Deepashree 12 1900 (has links)
General Circulation Models (GCMs), which are mathematical models based on principles of fluid dynamics, thermodynamics and radiative transfer, are the most reliable tools available for projecting climate change. However, the spatial scale on which typical GCMs operate is very coarse as compared to that of a hydrologic process and hence, the output from a GCM cannot be directly used in hydrologic models. Statistical Downscaling (SD) derives a statistical or empirical relationship between the variables simulated by the GCM (predictors) and a point-scale meteorological series (predictand). In this work, a new downscaling model called CRF-downscaling model, is developed where the conditional distribution of the hydrologic predictand sequence, given atmospheric predictor variables, is represented as a conditional random field (CRF) to downscale the predictand in a probabilistic framework. Features defined in the downscaling model capture information about various factors influencing precipitation such as circulation patterns, temperature and pressure gradients and specific humidity levels. Uncertainty in prediction is addressed by projecting future cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) for a number of most likely precipitation sequences. Direct classification of dry/wet days as well as precipitation amount is achieved within a single modeling framework, and changes in the non-parametric distribution of precipitation and dry and wet spell lengths are projected. Application of the method is demonstrated with the case study of downscaling to daily precipitation in the Mahanadi basin in Orissa, with the A1B scenario of the MIROC3.2 GCM from the Center for Climate System Research (CCSR), Japan. An uncertainty modeling framework is presented in this work, which combines GCM, scenario and downscaling uncertainty using the Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence theory for representing and combining uncertainty. The methodology for combining uncertainties is applied to projections of hydrologic drought in terms of monsoon standardized streamflow index (SSFI-4) from streamflow projections for the Mahanadi river at Hirakud. The results from the work indicate an increasing probability of extreme, severe and moderate drought and decreasing probability of normal to wet conditions, as a result of a decrease in monsoon streamflow in the Mahanadi river due to climate change. In most studies to date, the nature of the downscaling relationship is assumed stationary, or remaining unchanged in a future climate. In this work, an uncertainty modeling framework is presented in which, in addition to GCM and scenario uncertainty, uncertainty in the downscaling relationship itself is explored by linking downscaling with changes in frequencies of modes of natural variability. Downscaling relationships are derived for each natural variability cluster and used for projections of hydrologic drought. Each projection is weighted with the future projected frequency of occurrence of that cluster, called ‘cluster-linking’, and scaled by the GCM performance with respect to the associated cluster for the present period, called ‘frequency scaling’. The uncertainty modeling framework is applied to a case study of projections of hydrologic drought or SSFI-4 classifications, using projected streamflows for the Mahanadi river at Hirakud. It is shown that a stationary downscaling relationship will either over- or under-predict downscaled hydrologic variable values and associated uncertainty. Results from the work show improved agreement between GCM predictions at the regional scale, which are validated for the 20th century, implying that frequency scaling and cluster-linking may indeed be a valid method for constraining uncertainty. To assess the impact of climate change on reservoir performance, in this study, a range of integrated hydrologic scenarios are projected for the future. The hydrologic scenarios incorporate increased irrigation demands; rule curves dictated by increased need for flood storage and downscaled projections of streamflow from an ensemble of GCMs and emission scenarios. The impact of climate change on multipurpose reservoir performance is quantified, using annual hydropower and RRV criteria, under GCM and scenario uncertainty. The ‘business-as-usual’ case using Standard Operating Policy (SOP) is studied initially for quantifying impacts. Adaptive Stochastic Dynamic Programming (SDP) policies are subsequently derived for the range of future hydrologic scenarios, with the objective of maximizing reliabilities with respect to multiple reservoir purposes of hydropower, irrigation and flood control. It is shown that the hydrologic impact of climate change is likely to result in decreases in performance criteria and annual hydropower generation for Hirakud reservoir. Adaptive policies show that a marginal reduction in irrigation and flood control reliability can achieve increased hydropower reliability in future. Hence, reservoir rules for flood control may have to be revised in the future.

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