Il y a seconde famille dès lors qu’un enfant cohabite quotidiennement ou épisodiquement avec le nouveau couple formé par l’un de ses parents. L’époque contemporaine présente deux tendances antagonistes. Les liens qui se développent dans ces circonstances peuvent être envisagés soit comme nuisibles pour l’enfant non commun soit comme un enrichissement potentiel pour celui-ci. Cette ambivalence questionne les liens juridiques entre l’enfant non commun et la seconde famille Si une résolution positive permet d’apprécier la nature et l’efficacité des liens juridiques (parenté et alliance) entre l’enfant et la seconde famille, sa traduction négative conduit à l’examen des liens factuels (cohabitation et affection). Mais c’est finalement la combinaison de ces différents liens, par une approche temporelle de la seconde famille, qui permet de solliciter les fondements nécessaires à la protection juridique de l’enfant. / There is a second family when a child cohabites daily or occasionally with the new couple formed by one of his parents. The contemporary era presents two conflicting trends. In these circumstances, traditional views see the growing bonds between the second family and the child as harmful to the later. On the contrary, a modern perception considers these bonds as a potential enrichment. These antagonistic perspectives question the potential legal relationship between the child and his second family. A positive approach led to the understanding of the nature and efficiency of the legal ties (kinship and alliance) between the child and the second family. In contrast, a negative approach led to the review of the developing bonds (namely cohabitation and affection). Ultimately, only the combination of these diverse links within a temporal dimension allows the identification of the requisite legal basis for the legal protection of the child.

Ces travaux de recherche fournissent un regard inédit en EPS sur le processus de développement corporel des lycéens engagés dans une séquence d’apprentissage en step, dans la cadre de la CP5. A partir d’une approche holistique du corps, tout à la fois vivant, vécu et décrit, la porosité entre ces trois dimensions est décryptée pour six lycéens. Les pistes d’exploration de cette thèse s’articulent autour d’un ancrage épistémologique en émersiologie, où la croisée des regards scientifiques offre une opportunité d’appréhender l’expérience corporelle de l’élève, afin de dresser des pistes scolaires et professionnelles nouvelles. Plusieurs voies d’accès, avec l’autoconfrontation sur fond de traces audiovisuelles en première et troisième personne, et la mesure de l’activité cardiaque par le cardiofréquencemètre, contribuent à la définition du corps capacitaire du lycéen. La nature des connaissances construites et actualisées au fil des leçons est en faveur d’une acuité de la perception sensorielle, complémentairement à une intensité d’exercice au service d’une amélioration des capacités aérobies. Les différents résultats traduisent la manière dont le répertoire esthésiologique du lycéen étend sa cartographie intéroceptive, par activation et éveil sensoriel, tout en montrant par voie de conséquence la constitution de savoir-faire perceptifs. En questionnant deux démarches d’enseignement différenciées par la place de la perception de son effort, une hétérogénéité esthésiologique et sensible chez les lycéens est révélée. Tout en offrant la possibilité d’estimer singulièrement les capacités du vivant par la performance aérobie des lycéens en step, ces travaux de recherche incitent les enseignants à la co-construction d’une posture d’écoute attentive à son corps, pour une confiance accrue en son expérience, favorable au développement de sa personne. / This study, rooted in physical and sport education, contemplates the body development process of high school students who have started a learning sequence of step practising, within the framework of the CP5 – own competence n° 5. Starting from a holistic approach of the body, which is simultaneously living, experienced and described, the porosity between those three dimensions is deciphered for six high school students. The exploration paths of this thesis are articulated around an epistemological rooting in emersiology, where crossed scientific observations offer an opportunity at tackling the student’s body experience, so as to set up new educational and professional paths for the student to be aware of his/her own body. Several access paths, with self-confronting over a background of audiovisual traces in the first and third persons, and measuring the heart beatings via a cardio frequency-meter, contribute to defining the high school student’s capacity body. The nature of the knowledge built up and updated in the course of the classes speaks in favor of the sensitive perception’s acuity, as a complement to an intense practicing whose aim is to improve the aerobics capabilities. The different results illustrate the way in which the high school student’s esthesiological repertory increases his/her interoceptive cartography, by activation and sensitive awakening, while displaying as a consequence the building up of perceptive know-hows. By questioning two differentiating teaching paths through how his/her effort is felt, the high school students’ esthesiological and sensitive heterogeneity is revealed. While making it possible to singularly assess the living body’s capabilities through the high school student’s aerobics performance in step, these research works incite teachers to co-build an attentive listening attitude towards their bodies by the students, so that their trust in what they experiment is better and favorable to the development of their persons.

The diploma thesis Topics of the cycle of the year in education at primary school deals with monitoring of the work of two primary school teachers who integrate the topic of annual cycle into their teaching methods. The theoretical part of the thesis provides a brief historical overview of how the theme of nature and society developed as a part of the primary school curriculum from the Middle Ages up to the present time. It introduces the term annual cycle in connection with the layers of the year and the passage of time, with its cyclicity and linearity. It conveys to the reader the characteristics of the developmental specifics of a student at primary school. It describes didactic procedures and methods suitable for mediating topics reflecting the annual cycle, such as the Step by step curriculum, integrated thematic teaching or project teaching. The empirical part presents qualitative research focusing on the usage of the topics related to the annual cycle in primary school teaching. The research was carried out at two Prague primary schools. The teachers selected for the research are first grade class teachers. The research is based on the observation of direct pedagogical work of the teachers, in-depth semi-structured interviews and uses document analysis as an additional method. The aim of...

The thesis deals with communication between family and school in primary education. It's aim is to formulate proposals for more efficient communication with parents. The thesis has theoretical and practical - experimental part. In the practical part key concepts are being characterized. Also the thesis interprets the grounding of the term "parents" in the curricular documents and legislative. The main focus has been placed on initiatives and programmes which ephasise school-family cooperation, mostly the project Parents welcome and educational program Step by Step. The forms of such cooperation between subjects and their mutuall expectations have been described as well. The experimental part examines parent's satisfaction and used communication strategies at school where the experimental investigation took place. The research uses both qualitative and quantitative methods - mostly survey and deep interviews. The results of this research were analyzed. According to the analysis, suggestions for an effective communication with parents have been provided. An effective communication has been described as the one, that is clear and systematic, by in advance given communication channel. Such type of communication can significantly support the school and family cooperation. Keywords communication,...

The Master's Thesis with the title Developing reading literacy in Step by Step education programme through the morning letter deals with the method of morning letter and its meaning for the development od the reading literacy and key competences. The theoretical part introduces the transformation of the Czech educational system since 1989. The key competences system is also introduced. The reading literacy, educational systém Step by Step and method of monrning letter is also introduced. In the practical part, 20 morning letters are analysed and then methodical approaches and tools how to use the morning letter are described.

HAVLÍKOVÁ, Andrea. Cooperation and engagement of pupils in centres of activities in the Step by Step program. [Diploma Thesis]. Charles University in Prague. Prague : 2019. 107 pages. The aim of the thesis was to theoretically elaborate and practically solve the problems of cooperation and involvement of pupils in the centres of activities within the Step by Step program. Several methods were used to process this thesis. In the theoretical part, an overview of relevant information related to the topic was carried out on the basis of a search and by using a description method. The practical part was based on action research, which was carried out in the class of the author. The research was carried out as an unstructured observation and experiment, the outcomes were in the form of reflections. Based on reflections the centres of activities in the monitored class were improved, especially in the area of pupils' involvement and cooperation. Improved centres of activities based on the reflection of the original centres of activities have certainly led to improvements in the involvement and cooperation of pupils in the studied classroom. Guidelines for improvement were drawn both from theoretical knowledge and from the author's own practical experience. KEY WORDS Step by step, centres of activities,...

This thesis deals with the design of a DC/DC converter designed for charging supercapacitors from the 36 V voltage source and consequent back transformation of supercapacitors voltage to the required output voltage. In the thesis the designs of decreasing and increasing DC/DC converters including schematics and calculations of individual components are presented and described. The calculations necessary for the supercapacitors to meet the 10Wh energy condition and the voltage balancer on the capacitors are given below. Completely designed equipment will be assembled and tested on supercapacitors with lower energy.

The main objective of this thesis is to design a marketing strategy for the agency Motiv P Inc. The theoretical part of the thesis defines the basic concepts of marketing. The analytical part focuses on a comprehensive analysis of the current situation of the company. Based on this analysis, a marketing strategy will be developed that will include suggestions and recommendations for improvement, which will contribute to reaching more potential clients, brand building and consequently obtaining a stronger market position.

This Master´s thesis deals with the business plan for establishment of a corporation TOP Baits. It is in the business of manufacturing and selling baits for carp fishing. The thesis is divided into several chapters are devoted to theoretical knowledge ofbusiness analysis, general and business environment and its own proposals for solutions.

Le fascinant processus par lequel les signaux mécaniques sont transformés en réactions biochimiques dans la nature est appelé mécano-transduction. Le but de ma thèse a été de mimer la Nature en élaborant de nouveaux systèmes enzymatiques mécano-transductifs, i.e des matériaux capables de moduler une catalyse enzymatique lorsqu’ils sont sollicités mécaniquement. Nous avons d’abord étudié l’effet de l’étirement sur les chaînes constitutives de films multicouches de polyélectrolytes, matrices souvent utilisées pour le développement de biomatériaux intelligents. Dans le cadre d’une nouvelle stratégie axée sur la modulation mécanique de la conformation, nous avons ensuite élaboré des matrices étirables à base de poly(éthylène glycol)s. Nous avons en particulier développé de tout nouveaux revêtements covalents appelés nanogels qui se sont avérés être déposables sur le silicone étirable et fonctionnalisables avec différentes biomacromolécules, ouvrant ainsi de nouvelles routes biomimétiques. / The fascinating process by which mechanical signals are transformed into biochemical reactions in Nature is called mechanotransduction. The goal of my PhD was to mimic Nature by elaborating new types of mechanocatalytic materials, i.e materials able to modulate a catalytic activity when mechanically stimulated. We first aimed at understanding the impact of stretching on the structural properties of polyelectrolyte multilayers films, polymeric matrices often used for the design of smart biomaterials. Within the framework of a new strategy essentially relying on mechanically induced conformational changes, we then developed stretchable polymeric matrices based on poly(ethylene glycol)s. We more particularly designed new types of covalent coatings, called nanogels. We showed that these architectures were buildable on stretchable silicone and that they could be functionalized with different types of biomacromolecules; thus opening new biomimetic routes.