Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1980. / "A research report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree ..."--T.p.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1980. / "A research report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree ..."--T.p.

Thesis (MA(Counselling Psychology)--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (master's) - Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, 2002, Frankfurt am Main. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 92-98).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2004. / Supervisor: Joni Jones. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Sirio Possenti / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T17:51:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moraes_Erikade_D.pdf: 6270764 bytes, checksum: 5ebbab6d507830be2bad8f83a83361d3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa investiga os discursos que circulam sobre a mulher na atualidade, a partir de sua representação em quadros humorísticos impressos que põem em destaque personagens femininas, especialmente os de Maitena (autora das obras Mulheres Alteradas, Superadas e Curvas Perigosas), Miguel Paiva (autor da personagem Radical Chic) e Adão Iturrusgarai (autor da personagem Aline). Propõe-se uma reflexão sobre como os discursos estereotipados em relação à mulher emergem nesses textos, a partir da memória discursiva, e, de certa forma, podem revelar representações que extrapolam o nível do humor e se tornam constitutivas do sentido corrente dos discursos sobre ser mulher. O respaldo teórico é o da Análise do Discurso de linha francesa (AD) e o conceito de discurso utilizado é o de Maingueneau (1984: 2005), que o entende como uma "dispersão de textos cujo modo de inscrição histórica permite definir como um espaço de regularidades enunciativas". O corpus permite a análise de aspectos verbais e não-verbais do discurso, conforme propõe o conceito de Semântica Global (MAINGUENEAU, 1984: 2005). A opção de priorizar o discurso humorístico se justifica pelo fato de que, como sabemos, o humor, para ser compreendido e provocar riso, exige um conhecimento prévio mínimo do fato que o inspira, isto é, uma memória, que representa um discurso legitimado por uma determinada posição discursiva e se caracteriza como um pré-construído. A idéia de que o humor está sempre vinculado a uma posição é reforçada por Bergson (1900: 2004), para quem nosso riso é sempre o riso de um grupo. A partir dos estereótipos e dos discursos sobre a mulher postos em circulação nos quadros de humor estudados, busca-se interpretar a que posições de sujeito (ou a que ethos) corresponde a imagem de mulher que se configura nesses textos. A análise aponta para a existência de discursos heterogêneos que correspondem a uma identidade feminina atravessada por conflitos e contradições. / Abstract: This research investigates the discourses about women which circulate nowadays, based on their representation in comic strips whose focus are the female characters, especially the ones by Maitena (author of Mulheres Alteradas, Superadas and Curvas Perigosas), Miguel Paiva (creator of the character Radical Chic) and Adão Iturrusgarai (creator of the character Aline). We propose a reflection about how the stereotyped discourses about women emerge in such texts based on the discursive memory, as well as how they can reveal representations which extrapolate the level of humor and become part of the common sense of the discourses about being a woman. The theoretical perspective is based on the French branch of Discourse Analysis (AD) and we use the concept of discourse by Maingueneau (1984: 2005), who understands it as a "dispersion of texts whose way of historic inscription allows its definition as a place of enunciation regularities". The corpus allows an analysis of the verbal and non-verbal aspects of the discourse, as it is proposed by the Global Semantic concept (MAINGUENEAU, 1984: 2005). The option to prioritize the comic discourse is justified by the fact that humor, to be understood and provoke laughter, requires a previous minimum knowledge of the fact in which it is inspired, that is, a memory that represents a discourse legitimated by a determined position and that is characterized as a pre-construct. The idea that humor is always related to a position is reinforced by Bergson (1900: 2004), who views laughter as a group laughter ever. Based on the stereotypes and the discourses about women that circulate in comic strips, we try to interpret the subject positions (or the ethos) which are equivalent to the images of women within these texts. The analysis indicates the existence of heterogeneous discourses which correspond to a female identity influenced by conflicts and contradictions. / Doutorado / Linguistica / Doutor em Linguística

M.Ed. (Multiculturalism and Education) / When this special school opened its doors to all races in 1995, it was the first time this exclusively white school was confronted with racial conflict. Both teachers and pupils found themselves in a situation totally new to them. This led the researcher to question whether exposure of groups would, over a period oftime, reduce prejudice and stereotyping. The literature pertains that social contact between members of different racial and ethnic groups as a method of reducing tension is beset with a great many problems. Under certain conditions social contact can increase tension rather than reduce it. According to some studies done in South Africa contact between whites and blacks have had no effect on reducing negative stereotypes and prejudice and in many cases contact between these groups has increased stereotyping and . prejudice. The findings of this study indicate that at this school exposure between children of different racial groups led to an improvement in tolerance and acceptance of one another. The findings also indicate that inter group relations did not improve. The children formed homogeneous groups and kept their social distance. A recommendation for further research is that research should be focused on the problems of inter group relations between pupils at schools.

The purpose of this qualitative case study is to determine the extent to which an Afrikaans language textbook series acted as a change agent in terms of racial representation on the eve of democracy in South Africa. Data sources for the content analysis are press reports, parliamentary records and interviews with the publisher, the authors and leading academics. The contextualisation includes an explanation of how the authors of the Ruimland series were the first to intentionally break away from the apartheid perspective. The literature study comprises an explication of the master symbol model which serves as theoretical framework for this study. Influential issues in the literature on textbooks, representation, language and identity are also described. The main focus is on the three master symbols relevant to the study, which are presented as indicators of racial stereotyping, viz. the exclusivity and isolation of the in-group, appropriation and generalising and simplifying. These indicators are utilised as measurable norms in the analysis of racial representation. Counter-indicators obtained from the data are used to increase the reliability of the analysis. Traces of stereotyping regarding all the indicators and counter-indicators were found in the data. The findings show that master symbols are evident in the data, but that the series also incorporates counter-symbols directed toward a post-apartheid society. The concluding chapters suggests that the series could have been an early signal of a paradigm shift in Afrikaner ranks toward democracy in South Africa. / Dissertation (MEd (Educational Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Educational Psychology / unrestricted

This study sought to update the literature on gender and negotiations, generate new information on settlements in negotiations, and provide information on gender and competitive negotiations. The negotiation section of the CAMCO competition was used to determine the influence of gender on negotiated settlement. Settlements did not differ based on the gender of the negotiators, except in scenario two in which it was found that male/male dyads negotiate a less distributive outcome than female/female or mixedsex dyads. In all scenarios, male/male dyads did not settle with an impasse more often than women, and male negotiators in a mixedsex dyad did not negotiate a more winning settlement than women negotiators. The results of the study imply that businesses can feel free to hire men and women negotiators based on their individual qualifications instead of based on their gender. The results also raise some concerns about the perception of differences between men and women based on outdated stereotypes.

One of the hypotheses put forth by the Gender Self-Socialization Model (GSSM) is the stereotype emulation hypothesis. This hypothesis states that one role of gender identity is to motivate children to follow gender stereotypes that they have internalized. The GSSM also states that each of the constructs of gender identity, gender stereotypes, and gender typing is product of the cognitive interplay between the other two. Egan and Perry (2001) conceptualized gender identity as multidimensional, and one of these dimensions is felt pressure against other gender behavior. This study found that there was an interaction between one aspect of gender identity (felt pressure) and gender stereotypes, supporting the stereotype emulation hypothesis. This study also found that the interaction between felt pressure and sexism was more powerful in predicting adjustment in children than looking only at the main effect of felt pressure. / by Stephanie Franz. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2009. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2009. Mode of access: World Wide Web.