When a publicly traded company changes CEOs, the stock market will react in either a positive or negative way. This thesis uses multiple regression analysis to investigate which characteristics of the personal profile of the new CEO that might evoke positive or negative reactions from the stock market, both on one-day and one-year time perspectives. The mathematical results are compared to professional opinions regarding what defines an optimal CEO. The inefficiency of the financial markets and complexity of stocks make the mathematical results mostly insignificant. The only correlations found were a positive correlation for highly paid CEOs and a negative correlation for insider recruitment. The thesis concludes that an optimal CEO is defined by its leadership abilities, not by its personal profile. / När ett börsnoterat företag byter VD kommer aktiemarknaden att reagera på ett positivt eller negativt sätt. Denna uppsats använder multipel regressionsanalys för att undersöka vilka egenskaper hos den nya VD:n som kan framkalla positiva eller negativa reaktioner från aktiemarknaden, både på en dags och på ett års tid. De matematiska resultaten jämförs med professionella åsikter om vad som definierar en optimal VD. De ineffektiva egenskaperna hos den finansiella marknaden kombinerat med aktiers komplexitet gör de matematiska resultaten till stor del insignifikanta. De enda korrelationerna som hittades var en positive korrelation för högt betalda VD:ar och en negativ korrelation för internt rekryterade VD:ar. Uppsatsen drar slutsatsen att en optimal VD definieras av sina ledarskapsförmågor och inte av sin personliga bakgrund.

The intention of this thesis is to provide a primitive mathematical model for a financial market in which tradings affect the asset prices. Currently, the idea of a price-volume relationship is typically used in the form of empirical models for specific cases. Among the theoretical models that have been used in stock markets, few included the volume parameter. The thesis provides a general theoretical model with the volume parameter for the intention of a broader use. The core of the model is the correlation between trading volume and stock price, indicating that volume should be a function of the stock price and time. This function between price and time was made visible by the use of the trading volume process, also known as the Limit Order book. The development of this model may be of some use to investors, who could build their wealth process based on the dynamics of the process found through a Limit Order Book. This wealth process can help them build an optimal trading strategy design.

Examining the S&P 1500 stocks, the responses of the stocks to fiscal and monetary policy are found to differ due to E, S and G scores by the type of legislation. Non-Financial firms that manage environmental and governance risks better performed better over the pandemic. Part of this was due to their high environmental and governance scores allowing them to hedge the negative effects of the announcements of fiscal policies during the pandemic.

The purpose of this study is to identify what company specific parameters prior to an IPO have significant impact on share price performance one year after listing. This is done by analysing listings on the Stockholm Stock Exchange in the period 2014-2019.  The method which has been used is a multiple linear regression with adjusted share price as response variable and 7 specific company data points as independent variables. The share price development of companies is adjusted to the SIX Return Index and the 7 company variables cover size, growth, profitability and ownership. The results from the study imply that the independent variables covering size and profitability have the highest impact on share price performance after listing and that ownership had the least impact. The final model with the independent variables that had the highest relevance still only display a small significant correlation with an adjusted R2 = 0.09, which is understandable due to the nature of share prices not being able to be predicted one year into the future. Furthermore, the stock market is a large and complex system of many unknowns, which aggravates the process of simplifying and quantifying data of only one source into a regression model with high predictability. / Syftet med denna studie är att identifiera vilka företagsspecifika parametrar före en börsintroduktion som har en betydande inverkan på aktiekursutvecklingen ett år efter notering. Detta görs genom att analysera noteringar på Stockholmsbörsen från 2014 till 2019.  Metoden som har använts är en multipel linjär regression med justerad \\ aktiekursutveckling som responsvariabel och 7 specifika företagsdatapunkter som regressorer. Aktiekursutvecklingen i företag anpassas till SIX Return Index och de sju företagsvariablerna täcker storlek, tillväxt, lönsamhet och ägande. Resultaten från studien antyder att regressorer som täcker storlek och lönsamhet har störst inverkan på aktiekursutvecklingen efter notering och att ägandet hade minst påverkan. Den slutliga modellen med de regressorer som hade störst relevans visar fortfarande endast en liten signifikant korrelation med en justerad R2 = 0,09, vilket är förståeligt på grund av att aktiekursernas karaktär inte kan förutses ett år in i framtiden. Dessutom är aktiemarknaden ett stort och komplext system med många okända faktorer, vilket förvärrar processen att förenkla och kvantifiera data från endast en källa till en regressionsmodell med hög förutsägbarhet.

This thesis examines the impact of FTSE 100 index revisions on the various aspects of stock market quality and the cost of equity capital. Our study spans over the period 1986¿2009. Our analyses indicate that the index membership enhances all aspects of liquidity, including trading continuity, trading cost and price impact. We also show that the liquidity premium and the cost of equity capital decrease significantly after additions, but do not exhibit any significant change following deletions. The finding that investment opportunities increases after additions, but do not decline following deletions suggests that the benefits of joining an index are likely to be permanent. This evidence is consistent with the investor awareness hypothesis view of Chen et al. (2004, 2006), which suggests that investors¿ awareness improve when a stock becomes a member of an index, but do not diminish after it is removal from the index. Finally, we report significant changes in the comovement of stock returns with the FTSE 100 index around the revision events. These changes are driven mainly by noise-related factors and partly by fundamental-related factors. / International Fellows Program, USA, (IFP) and American-Mideast-Educational and Training Services, Inc. (AMIDEAST).

This study examines the relationship between banks, stock market and economic development in Botswana using quarterly data from 1995 to 2016. To find out if there is a link between financial development and economic growth, the three measures of stock market development used are stock market capitalization, total value of shares traded and turnover. For bank-based financial development, the proxy is bank credit to private sector and the measure of economic growth is real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. To analyse the long run and short run relationships among the variables of interest, this study implements the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration technique and the Granger causality technique to find the direction of causality. The findings indicate that there is a positive short and long run relationship between stock market variables and economic growth when turnover and market capitalization are used as proxies and value traded is significant and negatively related to economic growth. The study found that bank credit to private sector is negatively related to economic growth both in the short and the long run. There is bidirectional causality between stock market financial development and economic growth and no causal relationship between banking financial development and economic growth in Botswana. This study recommends that there should be appropriate reforms to develop the financial sector in Botswana to help promote economic growth. Botswana should also have reforms to promote economic growth to foster stock market financial development. This study also offers a comprehensive and detailed overview of the state of the economy, banking system and the financial markets system of Botswana which can help foreign investors as well as individual and institutional investors in making sound investment decisions.

Выпускная квалификационная работа (магистерская диссертация) посвящена исследованию дивидендной политики. Предметом исследования выступает механизм разработки дивидендной политики, со всеми его особенностями формирования, методиками и формулами расчета, а также механизм взаимодействия данной системы со смежными и взаимозависимыми областями. Основной целью магистерской диссертации является разработка ключевых направлений и конкретных мероприятий по развитию системы дивидендной политики для обеспечения развития предприятия и увеличению стоимости компании. В заключении обозначены рекомендации по совершенствованию дивидендной политики и ее применению. / The final qualifying work (master's thesis) is devoted to the study of dividend policy. The subject of the research is the mechanism for developing a dividend policy, with all its peculiarities of formation, methods and calculation formulas, as well as the mechanism of interaction of this system with adjacent and interdependent areas. The main purpose of the master's thesis is to develop key areas and specific measures for the development of the dividend policy system to ensure the development of the enterprise and increase the value of the company. In conclusion, recommendations for improving the dividend policy and its application are indicated.

Исследование посвящено исследованию развития работы брокеров на фондовом рынке в современных условиях. Предметом исследования являются экономические отношения, связанные с исследованием издержек и рисков, возникающих между инвестором и рыночной структурой в момент совершения инвестиционных операций. Основной целью магистерской диссертации является разработка комплексной концепции развития доступной для инвестора ликвидности в кризисные ситуации на рынках и в экономике. В заключении подводятся итоги проведенного исследования, даются практические рекомендации для сокращения торговых издержек в существующих реалиях нашего рынка. / The research is devoted to the study of the development of brokers in the stock market in modern conditions. The subject of the study is the economic relations associated with the study of the costs and risks that arise between the investor and the market structure at the time of investment transactions. The main goal of the master's thesis is to develop a comprehensive concept for the development of liquidity available to investors in crisis situations in the markets and in the economy. In conclusion, the results of the study are summarized, and practical recommendations are given to reduce trading costs in the current realities of our market.

Thesis advisor: Peter Ireland / It is not unreasonable to surmise that public sentiment views stock market behavior as an indicator of economic health. Historically, movements in the the stock market indeed correspond to business cycles, but this is not always the case, and the COVID-19 pandemic serves as a distinct case to highlight such an irregularity. The contrast between the behavior of the stock market and that of the economy during the pandemic compels an analysis of the pandemic's actual impact on the stock market, and this paper finds a negative and significant relationship between the interpolated daily closing prices of the S&P 500 and the daily number of COVID-19 cases. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2023. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Departmental Honors. / Discipline: Economics.

Until now, the majority of individuals does not hold stocks. In our sample, only 20.5% of individuals directly or indirectly participate in the stock market. Using data from the SHARE Study (N=54,636), we investigate at the individual level the effect of personality traits and at the country level the effect of Quality of Government while controlling for several sociodemographic factors. We prove that Openness to experience and Agreeableness significantly influence stock market participation. Agreeable people who are less open to new experiences are more likely to hold stocks. We also report mixed effects for Conscientiousness, Extraversion and Neuroticism. Extraversion seems to influence stock market participation through its effect on education and Neuroticism through its effect on both education and Quality of Government. Additionally, countries with a higher level of Quality of Government have a higher participation rate. Lastly, we find that the strength of the effects of Openness and Extraversion depends on the level of Quality of Government. We contribute to the explanation of the non-participation puzzle and give implications for policy makers.