La médiatisation des activités boursières suscite un regain d’intérêt en sciences humaines et sociales. Cette thèse aborde ce sujet sous l’angle de sa formation historique : nous cherchons à décrire le processus de codification d’une écriture journalistique. En France, la chronique boursière a une date de naissance. Le 29 janvier 1838, le banquier et idéologue saint-simonien Isaac Pereire publie une « Revue de la Bourse de Paris » dans le Journal des débats. Vingt ans plus tard, chaque grand quotidien généraliste emploie un chroniqueur boursier ou bulletinier, qui se rend quotidiennement aux séances du Palais Brongniart. Ainsi se trouvent posés les termes d’une acceptabilité : la chronique boursière se dote graduellement des traits d’une rubrique journalistique standardisée. Le sous-titre de notre thèse en énonce les trois objectifs principaux. Il est successivement question de situer l’avènement du journalisme boursier dans le cadre d’une métamorphose générale des cultures textuelles, de décrire le développement d’une écriture journalistique de la donnée et enfin, de rendre compte de l’état des archives numérisées, qui nous parviennent sous la forme d’un journalisme en données. Nous avons souhaité tirer parti de la numérisation massive de la presse ancienne pour constituer des corpus élargis. À partir de notre application Pyllica, nous avons pu récupérer les chroniques boursières hebdomadaires du Journal des débats parues de 1838 à 1870. Le traitement automatisé des données textuelles (ou text mining) permet de situer avec précision les évolutions structurelles de procédés stylistiques. Cette thèse se présente ainsi comme une contribution à l’étude informatisée des poétiques journalistiques. / The mediatization of stock exchange activities has stirred a renewed interest in social sciences. This doctoral thesis tackles this topic through its historical development : it aims to describe the codification of a journalistic writing. In France, the stock exchange section has its Anno Dominici : on the 29th January 1838, the businessman and saint-simonian thinker Isaac Pereire launches a « Revue de la Bourse de Paris » in the Journal des débats. Twenty years later, each significant French daily has recruited a stock exchange chronicler. The main purpose of our work consist in identifying the factors that brought a shapeless text into a standard journalistic section. The subtitle of this thesis addresses three subsequent ambitions : to clarify the general setting that has allowed the creation of financial journalism, to analyze the establishment of a vintage form of “data journalism” and, then, to indicate that this older form of “data journalism” has been read as a set of data. The massive digitization of old newspapers has created the opportunity to study wider corpora. We developed an application, Pyllica, to scrap the collections of the French National Library and were able to store in a database all the weekly stock exchange sections published in the Journal des Débats from 1838 to 1870. The use of text mining techniques has allowed to determine precisely the evolution of stylistic and editorial motives. This thesis thus appears as a general contribution to the digital study of newspaper poetics.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. André Ricardo Oliveira da Fonseca / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Mestrado Profissional em Matemática em Rede Nacional - PROFMAT, 2014. / O objetivo desta dissertação é fornecer subsídio aos professores de matemática para os temas de matemática financeira, probabilidade e estatística. Através da precificação de contratos de opções do mercado acionário, é possível utilizar os conceitos estudados no ensino médio para a aplicação e compreensão de um modelo matemático. Inicialmente, o leitor é convidado à discussão sobre as dificuldades do ensino. Através de uma abordagem sociológica, são questionadas causas e estratégias envolvidas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Em seguida, são revisados conceitos introduzidos a partir do ensino fundamental: começando por razão, proporção e juros, passando por probabilidade e chegando até distribuições binomial e normal, em estatística. No quarto capítulo é apresentado o "mundo" da bolsa de valores, com seus termos, conceitos, instrumentos e agentes. Utilizando as práticas da modelagem matemática, são desenvolvidos, entre outros, os conceitos de arbitragem, mercado viável, culminando com o primeiro modelo: o binomial uniperiódico. Com um formalismo mais rigoroso e conceitos mais sofisticados chega-se a um modelo, cuja aplicação, apesar do rigor, não envolve matemática de nível superior, permitindo sua utilização no ensino médio. Para o professor do ensino superior, é apresentado, cronologicamente, de forma introdutória, um modelo contínuo, partindo do movimento browniano até a dedução da Fórmula de Black e Scholes. Finalmente é caracterizada uma escola de ensino médio da rede pública de ensino do Estado de São Paulo, com sua respectiva proposta de plano, dividida em 15 aulas. A tônica de toda proposta é a aplicação prática utilizando os dados disponibilizados na internet para a aplicação do modelo, via planilha eletrônica. Termina pela verificação da validade e das limitações do modelo desenvolvido. / The purpose of this dissertation is to provide subsidy to mathematics¿s teachers for the subjects of financial mathematics, probability and statistics. Through the precification of stock market¿s options contracts, it¿s possible to use the concepts studied in high school for the application and understanding of a mathematical model. First, the reader is invited to a discussion about the teaching¿s difficulties. Through a sociological approach, causes and strategies involved in the teaching-learning process are questioned. Then, introduced concepts from elementary school are reviewed: ratio, proportion and interest, probability, and binomial distribution and normal distribution in statistic. In the fourth chapter, the "world" of the stock exchange with its terms, concepts, instruments and agents is presented. Using the practices of mathematical modeling that are developed, among others, the concepts of arbitration, viable market, which culminated with the first model: the one-periodic binomial. Using a stricter formalism and more sophisticated concepts we have a model, whose application, despite the rigor, does not involve mathematics of high education, so, it¿s possible to use in high school. For the higher education¿s professor, a continuous model is presented, chronologically, in an introductory way, starting from the Brownian motion to the deduction of the Black-Scholes formula. Finally a public high school of the State of São Paulo is characterized, with it¿s proposed lesson plan, divided in 15 classes. The keynote of the whole proposal is a practical application that uses the available data on the internet to the model application, via spreadsheet. It¿s ends by examining the validity and limitations of the developed model.

Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-08-22T16:59:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Kelly Frizero Neto.pdf: 2639388 bytes, checksum: a86cdfb4d8bd960fe371f034705cc18a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-09-04T15:15:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Kelly Frizero Neto.pdf: 2639388 bytes, checksum: a86cdfb4d8bd960fe371f034705cc18a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-04T15:15:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Kelly Frizero Neto.pdf: 2639388 bytes, checksum: a86cdfb4d8bd960fe371f034705cc18a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-22 / Diante da diversidade de critérios de decisão e do leque de ativos disponíveis nas bolsas de valores, os investidores se deparam com o problema central do estudo: Como priorizar os critérios de decisão diante do cenário complexo, dinâmico e de difícil previsão que engloba a compra e venda de ações? O trabalho realizou uma revisão estruturada da literatura e mapeou os principais fatores que interferem na escolha dos investidores qualificados e especialistas do mercado financeiro através de uma modelagem voltada para a identificação do grau de relevância atribuída aos critérios de decisão nas negociações dos ativos. Questionários direcionados aos especialistas e aos investidores foram aplicados para captar a percepção quanto à importância e a utilização dos critérios de decisão. Devido à extensa variedade de fatores que simultaneamente afetam as escolhas dos investidores, elegeu-se a metodologia de apoio multicritério à decisão para a estruturação do trabalho, com a utilização da soma ponderada para ordenar os critérios mais empregados. A conclusão apresenta a análise dos principais critérios de decisão apontados pelos profissionais do mercado, fornecendo assim uma ferramenta atual para facilitar a compreensão dos fatores que influenciam o fluxo de decisões das operações com ações. Outra contribuição alcançada foi a interface de um trabalho acadêmico (apoiado em conceitos e teorias), com a acelerada dinâmica do mercado financeiro (em meio a avalanches de informações diárias que mudam o cenário econômico a todo momento). / Given the diversity of decision criteria and the large range of available assets on the stock market investors face the main issue in this study: Which decision criteria should be prioritized on the complex, dynamic and hard to forecast scenario that embraces the buying and selling of shares? The work mapped the main factors that interfere in the selection of qualified investors and specialists in the financial market, through a model focused on a degree of relevance attributed to the decision criteria in the asset negotiations. Questionnaires were directed to experts and researchers to capture a perception about the relevance and use of decision criteria. Due to the extensive range of factors that simultaneously affect the investors’ choices, a multicriteria methodology was chosen for structuring the work, using the weighted sum to map the decision criteria used. In the conclusion, it is presented an analysis of the main decision criteria pointed out by the professionals of the financial market thereby providing a current tool that will contribute to the understanding of the factors that affect the flow of equity transactions. Another contribution will be the academic work interface with the accelerated dynamic in which investors and financial experts meet: lots of daily information that changes the economic scenario all the time

Em nosso trabalho analisamos os dados provenientes da BM&F Bovespa, a bolsa de valores de São Paulo, no período de janeiro de 2011, referentes aos índices: BOVESPA (IND), o mini índice BOVESPA (WIN) e a taxa de câmbio (DOL). Estes dados são de alta frequência e representam vários aspectos da dinâmica das negociações. No conjunto de valores encontram-se horários e datas dos negócios, preços, volumes oferecidos e outras características da negociação. A primeira etapa da tese foi extrair as informações necessárias para análises a partir de um arquivo em protocolo FIX, foi desenvolvido um programa em R com essa finalidade. Em seguida, estudamos o carácter da dependência temporal nos dados, testando as propriedades de Markov de um comprimento de memória fixa e variável. Os resultados da aplicação mostram uma grande variabilidade no caráter de dependência, o que requer uma análise mais aprofundada. Acreditamos que esse trabalho seja de muita importância em futuros estudos acadêmicos. Em particular, a parte do carácter específico do protocolo FIX utilizado pela Bovespa. Este era um obstáculo em uma série de estudos acadêmicos, o que era, obviamente, indesejável, pois a Bovespa é um dos maiores mercados comerciais do mundo financeiro moderno. / In our work we analyzed data from BM&F Bovespa, the stock exchange in São Paulo. The dataset refers to the month January 2011 and is related to BOVESPA index (IND), mini BOVESPA index (WIN) and the exchange tax (DOL). These, are high frequency data representing various aspects of the dynamic of negotiations. The array of values includes the dates/times of trades, prices, volumes offered for trade and others trades characteristics. The first stage of the thesis was to extract information to the analysis from an archive in FIX protocol, it was developed a program in R with this aim. Afterwards, we studied the character of temporal dependence in the data, testing Markov properties of a fixed and variable memory length. The results of this application show a great variability in the character of dependence, which requires further analysis. We believe that our work is of great importance in future academic studies. In particular, the specific character of the FIX protocol used by Bovespa. This was an obstacle in a number of academic studies, which was, obviously, undesirable since Bovespa is one of the largest trading markets in the modern financial world.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-03-16T12:13:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson Rodrigues da Silva.pdf: 678300 bytes, checksum: 39f8f1ad9d537878a75d76630333f2b0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-16T12:13:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson Rodrigues da Silva.pdf: 678300 bytes, checksum: 39f8f1ad9d537878a75d76630333f2b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-23 / Over the past decades, technological advances have been so significant, that it was not possible to accurately measure such effects; however, it is possible to say that communities worldwide have been transformed. Such transformation brought an impact on stock exchanges around the world as well as at the development of the capital market. It can be said that all areas of social interaction have been reached, ranging from the way people relate to each other, to the way the investors trade their shares on the stock exchanges. The purpose of this article is to analyse the development of the Brazilian stock exchange, its main aspects and characteristics, the way in which its regulation is made, its self-regulation, the securities market and the essential role of the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM), in favor of the market and its investors, in view of its significant social impact / Nas últimas décadas, o avanço tecnológico foi tão significativo que ainda não se sabe ao certo qual será o seu alcance, mas é possível afirmar que toda a sociedade foi transformada. Tal transformação teve impacto nas bolsas de valores ao redor do mundo e no desenvolvimento do mercado de capitais. Pode-se dizer que todas as áreas sociais foram atingidas, compreendendo desde a forma de as pessoas se relacionarem até o modo como negociam ações nas bolsas de valores. O objetivo do presente estudo será abordar o desenvolvimento da bolsa de valores no Brasil, seus principais aspectos e características, a forma como é feita sua regulamentação, sua autorregulação, o mercado de valores mobiliários e o papel essencial da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários a bem desse mercado e dos investidores, tendo em vista o seu relevante impacto social

In recent years, the initial public offerings (IPOs) on the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE) witnessed some level of undersubscriptions. The purpose of this research was to investigate the extent to which valuation, pricing, and performance of prior IPOs listed on the GSE contributed to this state of undersubscriptions. The research was informed by the valuation and pricing framework of Roosenboom. The research questions addressed whether IPOs on the GSE were under/overpriced and whether the projected and pre-issue financials were free from forecasting errors and earnings management. A cross-sectional, explanatory research design was employed to examine a dataset of 30 sampled IPOs. The dataset, obtained from IPO prospectuses, trading data, and financial statements, was analyzed using both logistic and multiple regressions. IPO valuation methods, first-day returns (R(1st day)), absolute forecast errors (AFE), and discretionary current accruals (DCA) served as dependent variables and firm characteristics of size, age, profitability, dividends, price-to-value (P/V) ratios, owner-manager, and auditors' reputation served as independent variables. Results revealed that firm characteristics were not significant predictors of the choice of IPO valuation methods, IPOs were underpriced and their R(1st day) were significantly predicted by P/V ratios, the financial projections were over forecasted and their AFE were not predicted by the independent variables, and the pre-IPO financials experienced earnings management and their DCA were significantly explained by the owner-manager variable. This research contributes to positive social change by assisting regulators, investment bankers, corporations, and institutional investors in improving their respective roles in the valuation and pricing of IPOs on the GSE, thus reducing the observed IPO undersubscriptions in the stock market.

The Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) is an important source of funds for firms and provides opportunities for investors. However, the economic boom of 1990-1996, the Asian Economic Crisis and the recession of 1997-2002 have affected the performance of firms listed at SET. The dividend policies of listed firms have also been influenced by these fluctuations in the business cycle.This study investigates the phenomenon of disappearing dividends in the developing capital market of Thailand. It adopts a similar methodology to Fama and French (2001) by classifying listed firms in line with changes in their dividend polices over the period 1990 to 2002. More specifically, the study explores the characteristics of firms which pay dividends, non-payers, former payers and firms which have never paid dividends. These characteristics include profitability, investment opportunities and firm size. The analysis uses firm characteristics for predicting the dividend policies of listed firms. Changes in firm characteristics and the propensity to pay dividends are identified in this process.The analysis suggests that firms which pay dividends tend to be large and highly profitable, although they possess low investment opportunities. The study also suggests that the characteristics of firms which paid dividends changed slightly before the crisis of 1997 and changed markedly during the crisis. However, after the crisis (1998-2002) the characteristics of firms are similar to those observed before the crisis. This result is attributed to the fact that some firms have resumed paying dividends after briefly ceasing this payment during the crisis. More importantly, when firm characteristics are held constant, the propensity to pay dividends of listed firms declined slightly before the crisis and declined strongly after the crisis. Consequently, the majority of new firms and many mature firms do not pay dividends.The findings of this study are consistent with the results of Fama and French (2001), particularly with regard to the characteristics of firms and changes in the propensity to pay dividends. However, this study extends the knowledge on the phenomenon of disappearing dividends by focussing on a developing economy, Thailand. Finally, this study suggests that investors should consider the characteristics of firms, changes in these characteristics and the propensity to pay dividends when identifying opportunities for investment.

This volume is a collection of three essays relating to the pricing of securities in financial markets, such as stock markets, where a large number of individual securities are traded. Lead-Lag Effects in a Competitive REE MarketThis essay introduces a model of cross-security information aggregation. The model is essentially an extension of Chan (Journal of Finance, 1993) to the case of simultaneous auction markets where revealed information is correlated across securities.The model provides clear predictions of lead-lag effects between securities returns. Several of the model's predictions are confirmed empirically using data from the Paris Bourse. Other models of price formation, including the basic Chan model and nonsynchronous trading, are rejected as they cannot account for observed return patterns. Learning the True Index LevelThis essay extends the model of cross-security information aggregation by deriving implications for autocorrelation in index returns. Both time series and cross-sectional predictions are confirmed by empirical evidence from the Paris Bourse. In addition, the time series predictions are consistent with earlier, partly unexplained, empirical evidence from the US market. An Empirical Study of Index Return AutocorrelationThis essay studies return autocorrelation on the Stockholm Stock Exchange focusing on the relation between index returns and indvidual stock returns. It is demonstrated that the two return types have similar time series properties, and it is concluded that the causes of autocorrelation are the same in both cases. / <p>Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 1997</p>

Problem: Interim and annual reports are some of the most crucial sources of information regarding companies’ performances. Interested parties such as analysts and investors assess this information and compare it with expectations. Analysts’ expectations of companies’ interim reports are of great importance when analysing the future development of share movement. Possible deviations between analysts’ expectations and actual presented results from the individual companies might change the perceptions of specific future stock prices. Furthermore business sectors have different characteristics and might respond differently to unexpected earnings news. Over- and underperformance of the presented results in relation to analysts’ expectations could create specific stock price movements over a forthcoming period depending on the nature of the report. The authors label this phenomenon as persistent trends. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to establish whether persistency and trends could be observed in the future development of companies’ stock prices with regard to analysts’ expectations and the true result presented by the companies. Method: With a quantitative approach the authors conducted an event study aiming to fulfill the purpose of this thesis. The study consisted of all fourth quarter reports presented 2001 throughout 2004 by the companies presently listed on the Most traded section of the Stockholm stock exchange A-list. The authors defined the nature of the studied reports as positive or negative depending on whether the pre-tax earning exceeded or were lower than the analysts’ expectations. Furthermore the authors constructed a mathematical formula which distinguished if the possible deviation of actual results compared to expectations was significant. The share price performance for two months subsequent to the earnings announcement was recorded and compared with the OMXS30 development for the equivalent time, thereby the authors gathered empirical evidence to fulfill the purpose. Furthermore the data was also divided into business subcategories to provide answers to whether there was uniform response to unexpected earnings information among business sectors. Results: The authors presented empirically founded evidence for the existence of persistent trends following the presentation of both positive and negative reports. The authors also rejected the presence of a uniform response to deviating earnings information in the business sectors.

Taiwan Security Market is a typical order-driven market. The electronic trading system of Taiwan Security Market launched in 1998 significantly reduces the trade matching time (the current matching time is around 20 seconds) and promptly provides updated online trading information to traders. In this study, we establish an online transaction simulation system which can be applied to predict trade prices and study market efficiency. Models are established for the times and volumes of the newly added bid/ask orders on the match list. Exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) method is adopted to update the model parameters. Match prices are predicted dynamically based on the EWMA updated models. Further, high frequency bid/ask order data are used to find the supply and demand curves as well as the equilibrium prices. Differences between the transaction prices and the equilibrium prices are used to investigate the efficiency of Taiwan Security Market. Finally, EWMA and cusum control charts are used to monitor the market efficiency. In empirical study, we analyze the intra-daily (April, 2005) high frequency match data of Uni-president Enterprises Corporation and Formosa Plastics Corporation.