More U.S. students are attending college than at any time in history, but many of these students are poorly prepared for college coursework. Higher education institutions are challenged to increase the overall student success rate. The study community college implemented an early alert system to identify students with potential course performance concerns, but it is not known whether other student data might also predict academic performance at the study site. Guided by Tinto's and Astin's respective works on student persistence, the purpose of this correlational study was to investigate the relationships between students' demographic, background, and environmental variables and course success, for students identified by the early alert system. Stratified random sampling of 4 academic years of student data using 50% of the early alert students in the top 25 courses with the highest number of early alert students yielded a sample of 3,873 students. Predictor variables were gender, race/ethnicity, age, income status, campus, faculty status, first generation to college, and course times. The dependent variable was the course outcome. A regression analysis examined the predictive ability of each variable, and race/ethnicity was the only predictor found to be statistically significant. African-American students were the highest risk students for failing a course. A white paper was developed to share the study findings with the administration at the study college regarding the early alert system and other factors related to course success. Increasing student success may produce an overall positive social impact on society by increasing students' job prospects and ability to contribute economically in their communities.

L’objet de ce travail de recherche est à l’origine de vérifier l’idée largement répandue que peu de jeunes entreprises survivent après leur période de démarrage. Les ambitions de ce travail se concentreront ensuite à tenter de vérifier cette phrase sur la base de la récolte d’une base de données qui conduira cette recherche vers des questions plus sous-jacentes concernant l’explication des causes de la survie à trois ans des jeunes entreprises, dans différents secteurs d’activités. L’analyse de la littérature révèlera un riche corpus relatif au sujet de la survie et plus généralement du succès des jeunes entreprises. Ainsi que nous le montrerons au cours de la revue de littérature, un grand nombre de travaux ont été développés sur ces thématiques, et un grand nombre d’angles de vu seront exposés, sans toutefois atteindre un consensus aussi bien dans la recherche en entrepreneuriat que dans d’autres domaines de recherches tels que le management stratégique ou encore la théorie des organisations. Les développements montreront ainsi, la grande diversité des travaux qui ont été entrepris dans le monde et mettra en lumière le manque de travaux quantitatifs sur cette thématique, notamment en France. La visée de ce travail a ainsi évolué en vue de tenter d’obtenir une vision relativement claire de la notion de survie à trois ans dans le cadre de jeunes entreprises dans des secteurs différents, sur le territoire français. Notre tentative de clarifier les facteurs clés de survie reste mitigée du fait notamment de la très grande diversité des résultats obtenus pour chaque secteur. La dimension intersectorielle a ainsi permis selon nous de montrer, que malgré la grande hétérogénéité des résultats antérieurs relevés, voire les contradictions mises en lumières, il est envisageable que ces résultats soient singuliers aux secteurs et époques auxquels ils ont été mesurés. Il nous semble ainsi naturel de penser que les facteurs clés de survie des jeunes entreprises soient fluctuants selon les années, renforçant ainsi la complexité de l’analyse de cette thématique dans la recherche en entrepreneuriat. Il semble donc, que seuls des travaux entrepris à un niveau aussi bien global (comme le Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) ou plus précis avec des démarches plus qualitatives, soient tout à fait nécessaires pour comprendre de manière approfondie le phénomène de survie des jeunes entreprises. / The purpose of this research is to verify the origin of the general belief that few young businesses survive beyond their start-up period. We attempt to verify this idea on the basis of a database which had lead this research to more precise questions about the primary explanation of the three-year survival of young firms in different sectors. The analysis of the literature reveals a rich body on survival and more generally on successful young businesses. As we show in the literature review, many works have been developed on these themes, and a large number of points of view have been found andexposed, without reaching any agreement as well as in Entrepreneurship research as in other research areas such as strategic management or organizational theory. Developments and debates show the great diversity of work that was undertaken in the world on this theme and have highlighted the lack of quantitative work on this theme especially in France. The aim of this work has evolved in an attempt to obtain a relatively clear sight-seeing of the notion of survival for three years in different sectors, on the French territory. Our attempt to clarify the key factors for survival remains mixed mainly because of the great diversity of results obtained for each sector. The intersectoral focus shows that despite the heterogeneity of previous results, as highlighted contradictions, it seems believable that these results are exclusive to sectors and times at which they were measured. It also seems natural to think that the key factors for survival of newly founded firms are fluctuating throughout the years, and reinforcing the complexity of the analysis of this topic in entrepreneurship research.It appears that only works undertaken at a global level (Like the GEM) as well as more precise researches with qualitative approaches are quite necessary to understand thoroughly the phenomenon of survival of young firms. However, it seems in addition that this diversity could contribute to a more global explanation of these issues, given example the GEM in Europe, which appears necessary to get a more accurate and complete vision of survival of newly founded firms.

<p dir="ltr">In response to the evolving demands of todays competition, there is a growing expectation for enhanced services to industry and academic enterprises. This thesis explores the application of System Engineering methodologies as a strategic approach to securing success with both industrial and academic enterprises. Industry faces issues with the absence of a positive tone, inefficiencies and delays in delivery, and customer satisfaction. Meanwhile, academia faces several challenges including lack of communication between departments, how to allocate institutional resources to simplify student experience, reduce complexity in<br>students college experience, and lack of students motivation. These issues for students lead to poor academic performance, financial struggles, and possibly mental health problems. There is a recognized need for a systematic approach to ensure student success at universities. A fundamental approach emerges in the form of Collective System Design (CSD) to find ways to address the above- mentioned challenges. Collective System Design is explored for ad- dressing the challenges faced by academic organizations and industrial processes. Collective System Design aims to improve the long-term viability of an enterprise by fostering<br>sustainability and success. This thesis further investigates the Collective System Design Language, offering a communication tool for design and an approach to assess effectiveness before implementation.<br>This thesis highlights two case studies: Shuttleworth (manufacturing industry) and the Purdue University Fort Wayne Student Success Standard Process Lifecycle.<br>The impact of solving these problems can be measured through several key indicators:<br>Shuttleworth (Manufacturing Industry).<br>• Reduction in Lead Time<br>• In on-time Delivery<br>• Enhanced Customer Satisfaction and improvement in product quality.<br>Purdue University Fort Wayne.<br>• Improvement in Student Experience and Quality of Life.<br>• Achievement of Student Wellness Functional Requirements and improvements in student retention and four and five year graduation rates.<br>Achievement of Student Success Functional Requirements and improvements in student retention and four and five year graduation rates.<br>There are three main objectives of this thesis: (1) Apply and contrast the application of Collective System Design principles across a manufacturing industrial client and a service enterprise, namely higher education (2) Offer a systematic approach for manufacturing to improve on-time delivery, enhance customer satisfaction, create positive tone by using the<br>principles of Collective System Design, and (3) For academia, develop a System Design Decomposition to define the functions of the university to foster student wellness according to four viewpoints: academic, financial, career, and living wellness. The objective is to incorporate the development of a System Design Decomposition that provides methodology to ensure that student wellness outcomes consider the four viewpoints of wellness (Academic, Financial, Career, and Living). The Student Success Standard Process Lifecycle defines standard processes in all process steps that will facilitate the desired student experience and four wellness outcomes. The lifecycle consists of Student Success States where the lifecycle<br>begins from S0 (learning about university) to S7 (Supportive alumni) and defines standard process steps in each state. Each standard process step seeks to achieve the Functional Requirements from the four wellness viewpoints (academic, financial, career, and living) in Student Success Standard Process Lifecycle. <br>The Collective System Design Decomposition methodology will serve as a structured approach to defining desired student wellness outcomes within a Rapid Design Process, which takes place in the first session focusing on defining outcomes. By leveraging this framework of four wellness viewpoints, the thesis aims to address issues with defining the outcomes<br>for academic, financial, career, and living wellness viewpoints. Each wellness viewpoint has specific Functional Requirements (outcomes) that need to be defined and achieved by Student Success Standard Process Lifecycle and Rapid Design Process, to ultimately enhance student<br>success and well-being at Purdue Fort Wayne University.</p>

The thesis is focused on identifying the basic assumptions for successful participation of Czech Football clubs in European competitions. One of the main motivations is the financial reward resulting from participation in European competitions. Basic assumptions are found in the team axis and their representative experience in team selection U16-U21, in the ideal age average of the basic assemblies, opponents' playability from the point of view of their nationality and an estimate of the progress of Czech teams in future years against teams by nationality. The results of the thesis clearly show that if the assumptions mentioned above are fulfilled separately the possibilities of success for the Czech teams are small. It is really important to combine these assumptions in one complex at the same time. There is not calculated with the influences we can not predict but may significantly affect the results in the competition . It is possible to estimate the success or failure of Czech teams in European team competitions from the result of this work.

Cette recherche a pour objet d'exposer et d'analyser le processus de mise en oeuvre d'une innovation managériale dans un cadre intra-organisationnel. Elle s'attache à décrire de façon détaillée et exhaustive l'ensemble des actions mises en oeuvre par l'entreprise afin d'implanter durablement et avec succès une innovation managériale majeure : l'Animation à Intervalle Court (AIC). Notre recherche a également pour objectif de mettre en lumière les freins et les facteurs clefs de succès spécifiques au processus de mise en oeuvre de l'innovation managériale. Nos résultats tendent à montrer que plus l'innovation managériale est radicale, plus elle pourra être mise en oeuvre avec succès dans l’entreprise. Notre contribution porte également sur la démonstration de l'efficacité de l'innovation managériale ainsi que sur l’analyse du mode de relation qu'entretien l'innovation managériale avec les autres catégories d'innovations et leur impact sur la performance de l'entreprise. / This research aims to analyze and describe the implementation process of a management innovation in organizational context. It seeks to explain in detailed way all the actions developed by the company in a way to implement successfully and with a long lasting time a radical management innovation called : Short Management Interval. Our research aims to highlight the key factors success and the organizational constraints of management innovation implementation process. Our results demonstrate that the more radical the management innovation is, the more it will be implemented successfully. Our research contributes to demonstrate the positive effect of management innovation for the firm performance.

Orientador: Elza Maria Guimarães Santos / Resumo: A limitação de pólen é um dos fatores que mais afeta a produção de frutos e sementes de muitas populações naturais. Cerca de 60% das angiospermas apresentam baixo sucesso reprodutivo decorrente da transferência ineficiente dos grãos de pólen pelos polinizadores. Assim, o objetivo geral desse estudo foi avaliar diversos aspectos ligados à limitação de pólen em Zeyheria montana (Bignoniaceae), uma espécie ornitófila e autoincompatível. Ao longo do período de florescimento, com ampla variação do anúncio floral, nós avaliamos o efeito do padrão de forrageamento dos polinizadores dentro e entre plantas sobre o sucesso reprodutivo das mesmas. Avaliamos também as estratégias de forrageamento empregadas por cada espécie de polinizador e o efeito do roubo de néctar sobre a produção de frutos. Além disso, estimamos o tamanho do genoma das plantas com a finalidade de avaliar se havia variações intrapopulacional no nível de ploidia que pudessem estar associadas ao baixo sucesso reprodutivo. Em geral, nós demonstramos que a baixa qualidade do pólen transferido pelos polinizadores é o principal fator limitante do sucesso reprodutivo de Z. montana. Esse efeito ocorre principalmente no pico do florescimento, quando o anúncio floral é mais intenso, e os polinizadores tendem visitar um maior número de flores sequenciais dentro da mesma planta transferindo pólen incompatível. Além disso, o padrão de movimento entre plantas também não se mostrou eficiente, visto que os polinizadores frequentemen... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Pollen limitation is one of the factors that most affects the fruits and seeds production of many natural populations. Around 60% of angiosperms have low reproductive success due to inefficient pollen grains transfer among flowers by pollinators. Thus, the general goal of this study was to evaluate several aspects related to pollen limitation in Zeyheria montana (Bignoniaceae), an ornithophilous and self-incompatible species. Throughout the flowering period, with wide variation in floral display, we evaluated the effect of the pollinators’ foraging pattern within and between plants on their reproductive success. We also evaluated the foraging strategies employed by each pollinator species and the effect of nectar robbing on fruit production. In addition, we estimated the plants’ genome size in order to evaluate whether there were intrapopulation variations in the ploidy level that could be associated with the low reproductive success. In general, we demonstrated that the low pollen quality transferred by pollinators is the main limiting factor of the reproductive success. This effect occurs mainly at the flowering peak, when the floral display is more intense, and pollinators tend to visit a larger number of sequential flowers within the plant transferring incompatible pollen. In addition, the movement pattern between plants also was not efficient, since pollinators often visited nearby plants that possibly were more related. Although some hummingbirds species alternate their... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

v AJ The world exhibition in Brussels in 1958 marked an important event in the history of the Czechoslovakian totalitarian art history. Until today it is still a reminder of the high quality art handicraft, design and multimedia formation. In the atmosphere of the Cold war the EXPO 58 became a symbolical clash of the capitalist and socialist principles of government and a comparison of skills and abilities of their representatives (US and USSR). The attention of the visitors and the media surprisingly concentrated on the Czechoslovakian exposition, which apart from the traditional products presented also some new initiations in artistic and technological branches and contributed to the establishment of the so called Brussels life style. It was the Czechoslovakian success which helped the media to use the mechanisms of propaganda. Using three daily newspaper and two weekly magazines this work is trying to capture how was the Czechoslovakian participation showed to the public and what features of propaganda were used.

The point of this text is to refer to the child with specific learning and behaviour difficulties as a unique personality and as a human beings with its own value. Childrens' self-concept is formed in a family background, at school and by a person of the same age. Childrens' self-concept is mainly endangered at schools, however the school has got a lot of opportunities to prevent that danger of self-concept reducing, to form and to develop it. The theoretical part is concentrated on forming self-concept in a view of child's psychical development and of childrens' specific learning and behaviour difficulties, it is pointed to forming self-concept at school background and in some situation which can endanger childrens' self-concept. We have also outlined a few possibilities how to prevent the threated self-concept, how to form and develop it. In the empiric part we studied whether the self-concept of children with specific learning and behaviour difficulties differs from self-concept of the children who haven't got these difficulties. For that purpose we used a standard questionnaire.

À Dakar (Sénégal), des enfants et des jeunes ont investi des recoins abandonnés de l’espace public. Ils vivent de mendicité, de récupération, de petits commerces, mais également de pratiques à la limite de la légalité (vols, consommation de stupéfiants…). Communément désignés sous le terme de faqman (fugueur), ces jeunes quittent domicile ou daara (écolecoranique) pour la rue. Leur apparence, leurs comportements, leurs activités, mais surtout la perception qu’en ont les populations, leur valent d’être mis en marge et stigmatisés. Leur présence dans la rue est réprimée par les autorités publiques quand des acteurs de l’humanitaire de leur côté proposent de venir à leur secours pour les « réinsérer » dans la société.Qualifiés de marginaux qui quittent les cadres sociaux conventionnels pour développer dans la rue des « contre-valeurs », les faqman continuent pourtant de partager avec leurs concitoyens un même univers moral et symbolique. En s’intéressant au sens subjectif que ces jeunes donnent à leur présence dans la rue par une ethnographie de l’expérience qu’ils font dans cet espace,cette thèse propose un décloisonnement de la figure du faqman jusque-là cantonné aux statuts de victime et de déviant. / In Dakar, Senegal, children and young people have taken over abandoned corners of public space. They live by begging, recycling, small shops, but also practices at the limit of legality (theft, consumption of narcotics ...). Commonly referred to as faqman (runaway), these young people leave home or daara (Koranic school) to invest the street. Their appearance, theirbehavior, their activities, but especially the perception that the populations have of them, are worth marginal and stigmatized. Their presence on the street is repressed by the public authorities when humanitarian actors on their side propose to come to their aid for their rehabilitation into society.Qualified as marginals who leave the conventional social frameworks to develop in the street of the "counter-values", faqmans nevertheless continue to share with their fellow citizens the same moral and symbolic universe. By taking an interest in the subjective sense that these young people give to their presence in the street with an ethnography of the experience they make in this space, this thesis proposes an exploration of the figure of the faqman to break with his usual status of victim and deviant.

Après le bac, la majorité des jeunes mahorais poursuit leurs études en métropole, une mobilité favorisée par le manque de formation supérieure sur l’île. Le taux d’échec très important par rapport à la moyenne nationale en première année a suscité notre intérêt à ce sujet. Pourquoi ce public serait-il plus touché par ce phénomène d’échec que les autres ? Quelles enétaient les causes ? Notre objectif a dès lors été, dans un premier temps de définir l’état de la situation en étudiant une cohorte donnée et en la comparant aux résultats nationaux et ensuite trouver les causes de cet échec à partir des résultats de la cohorte étudiée et des entretiens réalisés auprès d’étudiants mahorais. Bien qu’ils aient reçu les mêmes enseignements que leurs camarades métropolitains, le contexte de vie et d’études complexe dans lequel ils déroulent leurs scolarités antérieures impactent grandement leurs résultats scolaires dans le supérieur et les défavorise en termes de compétitivité. La différence socioculturelle très marquée qui les assimile aux étudiants étrangers en mobilité limite leur intégration sociale et académique. / After graduating from high school, a majority of young Mahorais keep on studying in mainland France. This mobility is triggered by the lack of higher education on the island. The very high failure rate compared to the national average in the first year has attracted our interest. Why would this audience be more affected by this phenomenon of failure than others? What were the causes? Our aim has therefore been, first, to define the state of the situation by studying a given cohort and comparing it with national results, and then to find the causes of this failure from the results of the study cohort and the interviews carried out withMahorais students. Though they have received the same teachings as metropolitan students, the complex context of life and study in which they conduct their previous schooling greatly affects their academic performance in higher education and puts them at a competitive disadvantage. The very marked socio-cultural difference that assimilates them to foreign students in mobility limits their social and academic integration.