This thesis provides a comprehensive overview of insurance supervision in the Czech and European law. First part outlines the basic concepts and then briefly discusses the evolution of supervision in the Czech lands. The thesis observes expanding goals of insurance supervision and growing number of institutions performing the supervision during the history. Next part follows insurance supervision in terms of applicable regulations according to the Czech law and establishes list of entities under supervision, deals with supervisory authority and its competences, and proceeds to breakdown the subject of supervision. It also focuses on oversight by individual sectoral laws and offers a view of the upcoming changes. The work also presents insurance supervision from the perspective of the European law. It deals with the requirements that EU law on supervision poses, as well as the newly established authorities of macro- and micro-prudential supervision. In the conclusion section the upcoming changes in supervision of the insurance industry are discussed.

The Analysis of Some Economic and Legal Aspects of Corporate Governance of Central European Corporations There are three main goals of the thesis: 1) To identify the biggest economic risks of present Czech corporate governance 3) to recommend appropriate measures how to regulate corporate governance of publicly owned companies 2) to consider the question how appropriate it is to regulate corporate governance by hard law rules or when soft law rules could be appropriate enough. The thesis is divided into two parts - the theoretical part and the practical one. The theoretical part is subdivided into four chapters. The first contains a general introduction to the corporate governance, the second includes a description of the system of corporate governance regulation, the next one is dedicated to financial crisis impact on the corporate governance regulation, and the final chapter deals with the comparison of Polish and Czech law regulation of corporate governance in publicly owned companies. The practical part consists of three case studies. The first case study analysis the main findings of the report, which was worked out as a result of the independent audit of supervisory boards in publicly owned companies. The second case study examines the corporate governance system of state-owned companies PKN...

- Position of the general meeting of a limited liability company This diploma thesis concentrates on the general meeting of a limited liability company and its position within the organizational structure of the company. The goal of the diploma thesis is to provide a basic overwiev of selected institutes and analyse the relationship between the general meeting and other company bodies. This most often concerns the statutory body and possibly also the supervisory board, as a whole, or their individual members. Individual chapters are chosen as to enable to illustrate the mutual arrangement of relationships on them. The thesis is divided into two basic parts. The first part considers how the general meeting can impact on other company bodies, or their members. That's why the first chapter deals with election and dismissal of a statutory representative, or a member of the supervisory board. It for example describes the concrete process, or the possibilities, which the general meeting has in this connection. The second chapter considers the contract of execution of office, which together with the regulation of rewarding of the body members has to be compulsorily approved by the general meeting itself, the reward, which can be granted by an internal regulation approved by the general meeting and other...

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe and explain the relation of changes in capital requirements on the profitability of Swedish banks. Method: A mixed model approach is used. The quantitative approach is con-ducted through the collection and analysis of statistics from Swe-dish banks and financial institutions. The qualitative research ap-proach is used to obtain further insights into the Swedish banking system and how banks are managing capital requirements. This is conducted through interviews with respondents from a large bank, a niche bank, and the Riksbank. Analysis: The analysis is made on yearly data from 1999 to 2015. Return on equity and net interest margin are individually used as dependent variables. The independent variables are various capital ratios which are defined by the Basel framework. The results from the quantitative analysis are in line with the findings from the qualita-tive interviews. Conclusion: On one hand, capital requirement ratios seem to have a negative and statistically significant correlation with the Return on Equity for both large banks and niche banks. On the other hand, capital re-quirement ratios seem to have a positive and statistically significant correlation with the Net Interest Margin for niche banks.

Empreendimentos industriais requerem o completo e preciso acompanhamento de dados de máquinas em tempo real, integrando as atividades do chão de fábrica com a engenharia, suporte e de negócios. É reconhecido que sistemas de monitoramento são fundamentais para melhorar a qualidade do produto, reduzir os tempos e para a adaptação rápida às mudanças de produção. Os sensores de processos possuem altos custos, não são compactos e são de difícil implementação. Portanto, seria estratégico desenvolver sistemas de monitoramento que utilizem ao máximo os recursos já existentes nas máquinas ferramentas e que não representem custos adicionais de implementação. O uso de CNC´s de arquitetura aberta nas indústrias é crescente. Estes se mostram como potenciais ferramentas para atender a estas exigências. Possuem os recursos necessários para a aquisição de informações administrativas e tecnológicas e para o desenvolvimento de sistemas de monitoramento. O objetivo do presente trabalho é pesquisar arquiteturas de monitoramento e supervisão para processos de usinagem que tenham como base informações disponíveis em CNC´s de arquitetura aberta. Tais sistemas, apesar de todo o potencial existente, ainda não tem sido explorados nem desenvolvidos adequadamente para os processos de usinagem. O presente trabalho é multidisciplinar nas áreas de automação e usinagem. Está dividido em partes em que são analisados tanto os elementos tecnológicos dos CNC´s abertos, bem como os processos de monitoramento e supervisão da usinagem. São apresentadas propostas no sentido de integrar as duas áreas pelo desenvolvimento de arquiteturas de software dedicadas. Os sistemas desenvolvidos foram testados em laboratório e também nas empresas parceiras. Os resultados mostram que o uso de CNC´s abertos para monitoramento e supervisão de processos é viável e proporciona funções de monitoramento/supervisão que não eram possíveis com os sistemas convencionais e sem a necessidade de recursos adicionais, como hardware, sensores e instalação. A implementação de protótipo em empresa parceira foi bem sucedida e deverá ser expandida no futuro. / Manufacturing enterprises require complete real time and accurate monitoring of machine tool data for integrating the shop floor with other company activities, as engineering, maintenance and business. It is acknowledged that monitoring systems capabilities are unavoidable to improve product quality, to reduce production time, and to the rapid adaptation in the changes of production. The use of external sensors gives high costs and do not have the advantages of compactness and the ease of use. Therefore, it is extremely advantageous to develop monitoring systems maximizing the use of the resources already existent in the machine tools and without additional costs of implementation. The use of open CNC\'s on industries is growing. This kind of control has been a great tool to attend these present requirements. It has the necessary resource to get managerial and technological information, and to develop monitoring systems. The objective of this work is to research monitoring and supervision architectures for machining process, based on information already available in open CNC\'s. Such systems, in spite of the whole existent potential, have not still been explored nor developed appropriately for the machining processes. The present work is multidisciplinary in the automation and machining areas. It is divided in parts where the technological elements of open CNC\'s are analyzed, as well as the monitoring and supervision systems of the machining processes. An architecture is proposed in the sense of integrating both monitoring and supervision. The developed systems were tested in laboratory and also in the partner companies. The results show that the use of open CNC\'s for monitoring and supervision of processes is viable and provides monitoring/ supervision functions which were not possible with the conventional systems and without the need of additional resources, as hardware and sensor installation. The prototype tested in a partner company succeeded and should be expanded in the future.

This diploma thesis was about problems of food law in Czech Republic. The aim of this diploma thesis was finding opinion and attitudes of Czech consumers and finding out how works supervisory authority in this part of food law (mass caterers). In the theoretical part was explained who is consumer and how is consumer protection in Czech Republic. There was described actual wording of food law legislation and supervisory authorities. In work was analyzed statistics. Practical part of this diploma thesis was divided into two parts. First part was focused on consumers. There was an online survey. This research investigated if consumers were interested in modern trends in catering. How often they eat out of home. Whether consumers know a supervisory authorities in Czech food law. If they know project Potraviny na pranýři. Second part was focused on supervisory authorities and mass caterers. There were in-depth controlled interviews with supervisory authorities like SVS, SZPI, KHS. For finding the opinions of all the were in-depth controlled interviews with representatives of school cafeteria, restaurant and coffee house. Based on the results obtained by this research, there were recommended three suggestions for improvement.

Sistemas Supervisórios Híbridos podem ser definidos como sistemas de controle cujos estados são representados por variáveis discretas e contínuas, e cuja dinâmica é determinada em função do tempo e da ocorrência de eventos discretos. O desenvolvimento desta classe de Sistemas Supervisórios pode ser dividido em duas fases. A 1ª Fase consiste na elaboração de um modelo protótipo para o Sistema Supervisório, que é descrito usando um formalismo, e que é validado com base nas especificações do problema. Na 2ª Fase, este modelo, já validado, é convertido na linguagem de programação do Sistema Supervisório propriamente dito. Esta tese concentra-se na 1ª Fase, para qual abordam-se três questões principais: (1) a escolha do formalismo de modelagem; (2) como construir o modelo do Sistema Supervisório Híbrido usando este formalismo; e (3) como validar o Sistema Supervisório Híbrido usando o modelo construído. Para questão (1), introduz-se um novo formalismo de modelagem baseado na aplicação dos conceitos de Orientação a Objetos (OO) às redes Predicado Transição Diferenciais (redes PTD). Este novo formalismo é chamado de redes PTD-OO. No que se refere a questão (2), é proposto um procedimento para obtenção do modelo do Sistema Supervisório em redes PTD-OO usando os diagramas da UML (‘Unified Modeling Language’). Finalmente, para a questão (3), o problema de validação é abordado através da definição de um conjunto de propriedades que o modelo em redes PTD-OO deve respeitar afim de que sejam garantidos os requisitos do Sistema Supervisório. Estas propriedades são, então, verificadas através de um procedimento proposto para análise de redes PTD-OO. / Hybrid Supervisory Systems can be described as control systems with states that are represented by both discrete and continuous variables. Their dynamics are function of time and depend also on the occurrence of discrete events. The development of Hybrid Supervisory Systems can be divided in two phases. In the 1st Phase, a prototype-model for the Supervisory System is described using a specific formalism and is validated based on the system requirements. In the 2nd Phase, this validated model is converted to the programming language of the Supervisory System. This thesis is focused on the 1st Phase of Hybrid Supervisory System development. It approaches three main issues: (1) the choice of the modelling formalism; (2) how to build the Hybrid Supervisory System model using this formalism; and (3) how to validate the Hybrid Supervisory System using this model. For issue (1), a new modelling formalism is introduced based on Differential Predicate Transition nets (DPT nets) and object-oriented (OO) paradigm. This new formalism is called DPT-OO net. Then, for the issue (2), a modelling procedure that assists the building of the DPT-OO net model using Unified Modelling Language (UML) diagrams is proposed. Finally, for the issue (3), the validation problem is approached by defining a set of properties of the DPT-OO net model that assures the Supervisory System requirements. These properties are then formally verified using a proposed analysis procedure.

A maioria das demandas envolvendo pedidos de danos morais no judiciário trabalhista brasileiro é originada a partir de abusos patronais cometidos no exercício do poder diretivo, em especial de sua dimensão fiscalizatória. Embora inexista, no Brasil, disciplina normativa específica quanto aos limites à maior parte das manifestações do poder de fiscalização, seu exercício é restringido pela dignidade da pessoa humana, que deve ser compreendida de acordo com a noção de trabalho decente propugnada pela OIT. A dignidade humana constitui cláusula geral de proteção aos direitos da personalidade, dentre eles, os direitos à intimidade e à vida privada, os mais ofendidos por meio da fiscalização patronal abusiva nas fases précontratual, contratual e pós-contratual. Práticas como a revista pessoal nos trabalhadores e em seus pertences, a limitação à utilização de banheiros, a instalação de câmeras e microfones no local de trabalho e o monitoramento dos computadores utilizados na empresa revelam, por vezes, violações a esses direitos. A revista não encontra fundamento no poder de fiscalização e no direito de propriedade do empregador, salvo quando tiver por objetivo a garantia da saúde ou segurança no ambiente laboral. A instalação de equipamentos audiovisuais, quando visar a proteção patrimonial do empregador ou for essencial ao procedimento de gestão, somente pode se dar nos espaços em que o trabalho for efetivamente desenvolvido e por tempo determinado, fundada em situação específica, sendo imprescindível a ciência dos monitorados quanto à instalação e à localização dos equipamentos. A escuta telefônica e o monitoramento de computadores e e-mails somente será possível quando o empregador determinar a utilização dos meios exclusivamente para os fins da prestação laboral, com ciência inequívoca dos trabalhadores, além de disponibilizar ou autorizar a utilização de meios alternativos para a comunicação pessoal. Não devem ser admitidas quaisquer limitações à utilização de banheiros, bem como o estabelecimento de escala de gravidez no âmbito empresarial. Sendo o tomador de serviços legitimado a exercer o poder fiscalizatório sobre a atividade produtiva empreendida no estabelecimento e havendo a indiscutível imperatividade da proteção aos direitos da personalidade obreiros, é necessária a fixação normativa de limites ao poder patronal, em prol do estabelecimento da segurança jurídica. O direito de resistência é contraface do poder diretivo, no sentido de que o uso irregular deste faz nascer aquele e, consequentemente, os limites do poder diretivo condicionam os do ius resistentiae. Os trabalhadores devem exercê-lo com fulcro nos direitos à vida privada, à intimidade, à honra e à dignidade humana. A doutrina deve valer-se da técnica da ponderação para estabelecer os limites ao poder fiscalizatório patronal, com fulcro no princípio da proporcionalidade. A divergência jurisprudencial deve ser minimizada pela atividade criativa dos juízes quanto aos limites ao poder fiscalizatório, consoante o princípio da proporcionalidade, e por meio da utilização de mecanismos específicos voltados à redução da insegurança jurídica no Judiciário Trabalhista, tais como recursos de revista, embargos de divergência, incidentes de uniformização de jurisprudência, súmulas, precedentes normativos e orientações jurisprudenciais. Nada impede, ainda, que limites ao poder fiscalizatório patronal sejam estabelecidos por meio de negociação coletiva. / Most lawsuits involving claims for moral damages in Brazilian labor courts are originated from abuses committed in employer\'s power of direction, especially on its supervisory dimension. Although there is no specific normative discipline, in Brazil, about the limits of most of the supervisory power demonstrations, its exercise is restricted by humans dignity, which must be understood according to the concept of decent work proposed by the ILO. Humans dignity is a general protection principle to the personality rights, including the rights to intimacy and private life, the most offended by abusive employers supervision in precontractual, contractual and post-contractual phases. Practices such as inspecting workers and their belongings, limiting the use of toilets, installing cameras and microphones in the workplace and monitoring the computers used at the company reveal sometimes violations of these rights. The inspection has no basis in the supervisory power nor in the employers right to property, except when it is intended to guarantee the health or safety in the work environment. The installation of audiovisual equipment to protect employers heritage or when its essential to the management procedure can only occur in areas where the work is effectively developed and for a specified time, based on the specific situation. The monitored workers knowledge about the installation and location of equipment is essential. Wiretapping and monitoring computers and emails will be possible only when the employer determine the use of the means exclusively for the labor purposes with workers\' unequivocal knowledge, and provide or authorize the use of alternative means for personal communication. Any limitations on the use of bathrooms as well as the establishment of \"pregnancy scale\" should not be allowed in the workplace. Once the employer is legitimated to exercise the supervisory power on the productive activity undertaken on his property and since there is the indisputable imperative protection of the workers personality rights, rules prescribing limits to the employers power are needed for the establishment of legal certainty. The right to resistance is the counterface of the power of direction, insofar as the irregular use of this power raises the right to resistance and, consequently, the limits of the power of direction condition the limits of the ius resistentiae. Workers must exercise it based on the rights to privacy, intimacy, honor and humans dignity. Doctrine should use the weighting technique to establish the limits to employers supervisory power, based on the principle of proportionality. The jurisprudential divergence should be minimized by the creative activity of the judges based on the principle of proportionality, and through the use of specific mechanisms developed to reduce legal uncertainty in Labour Courts, including recursos de revista, embargos de divergência, jurisprudence uniformity incidents, súmulas, regulatory precedents and jurisprudential guidelines. Limits to the employers supervisory power can also be established through collective bargaining.

Em um ambiente produtivo, a falta de informações confiáveis cria, muitas vezes, uma imagem do chão-de-fábrica que não retrata a realidade, comprometendo o desempenho e diminuindo a agilidade da empresa. Neste contexto, um sistema de supervisão do chão-de-fábrica, capaz de fornecer informações confiáveis e de forma rápida, pode ser um grande diferencial para manter a competitividade das empresas de manufatura. Este trabalho sistematiza visões e conceitos que auxiliam na implantação de sistemas de supervisão do chão-de-fábrica em empresas que utilizam operações de usinagem no seu processo produtivo. Além disso, apresenta o desenvolvimento e a implantação deste sistema na Fábrica Integrada Modelo (FIM) do Núcleo de Manufatura Avançada (NUMA) da Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos - USP. / The lack of reliable information in a production environment creates a wrong image of the shop floor, affecting the plant\'s agility and its performance. A shop floor supervisory system, able to provide, in a fast way, that sort of information, can enhance the competitiveness of the manufacturing plant. The present work shows visions and concepts that can give support to the implementation of shop floor supervisory system in manufacturing plants. lt also presents the development and implementation of this kind of system in the lntegrated Model Plant (FIM) of the Advanced Manufacturing Nucleus (NUMA) at São Carlos - University of São Paulo.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-01-10T11:29:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Vera Amaral Carvalho Momo.pdf: 996163 bytes, checksum: ee3683ec65ac63accb3576367099beac (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-10T11:29:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vera Amaral Carvalho Momo.pdf: 996163 bytes, checksum: ee3683ec65ac63accb3576367099beac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-09 / Supervisory Board is the body responsible for the company's supervision. It is intended to verify compliance with legal and statutory duties of directors. It also acts as an information organ to shareholders. The objective of this study is to identify if the legal rules of the functioning of the body are effective in protecting the basic right of supervision of the company business by the shareholders. We seek to understand the role of the supervisory board in the corporate context, from the point of view of the harmonization of the various social interests pursued by the legislature / Conselho fiscal é o órgão responsável pela fiscalização da companhia. Tem a finalidade de verificar o cumprimento dos deveres legais e estatutários dos administradores. Atua também como órgão de informação aos acionistas. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar se as normas legais relativas ao funcionamento do órgão são eficazes na tutela do direito essencial de fiscalização dos negócios sociais por parte dos acionistas. Busca-se compreender o papel do conselho fiscal no âmbito societário, sob o ponto de vista da harmonização dos diversos interesses sociais buscada pelo legislador