Foi estudada a cristalização de suspensões aquosas de esferas de poliestireno (850&#197, 910&#197 e 1090&#197 de diâmetro) no limite de baixas concentrações -1011 a 1013 esferas / cm3. A dependência do parâmetro de rede com a concentração original (n) da suspensão aquosa apresenta uma transição de fase da fase bcc para fcc, conforme já foi observada por outros autores. Observamos também que durante a cristalização a concentração de esferas no cristal Ra sistematicamente maior do que na solução original, portanto a água estaria sendo expelida para a solução durante a cristalização. Baseado nestas observações nós propomos um modelo de cristalização onde os cristalites (concentração n1) estão em equilíbrio termodinâmico com uma solução com concentração n2 (n1&#62 n &#62 n2), dando para cada concentração inicial um diferente parâmetro de rede determinado por este equilíbrio. Nossos resultados mostraram que o coeficiente de expulsão da água durante a cristalização é dependente do raio da esfera. Para realizar as medidas de parâmetro de rede nós adaptamos para as nossas condições particulares o método de Debye-Scherrer usado em difração de raios-X por cristais. O equivalente à fonte de raios-X era um laser de Argônio com comprimentos de onda variáveis. Diversas experiências novas são sugeridas. / The crystallization of aqueous suspensions of polystyrene spheres 850&#197, 910&#197 and 1090&#197 of diameter) was studied in the limit of low concentration -1011 to 1013 spheres / cm3. The dependence of the lattice parameter with the original concentration (n) of the aqueous suspension shows a phase transition from bcc to fcc phase as it was already been observed by others authors. We also observed that during crystallization the concentration of spheres in the crystal was systematically higher than in the original solution, showing that water should be expelled toward the solution during crystallization where the crystallites (concentration n1) are in thermodynamic equilibrium with a solution with concentration n2 (n1&#62 n &#62 n2) giving for each initial concentration a different lattice parameter determined by this equilibrium. Our results showed that coefficient of water rejection during crystallization is dependent on the sphere radius. In order to make the measurements of the lattice parameter we adapted to our particular conditions the Debye-Scherrer method used in X-ray diffraction of crystals. The equivalent to the X-ray source was a tunable Argon laser. Several new experiments are suggested.

by Lai Chun Yu. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-79). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vi / LIST OF TABLES --- p.ix / Chapter 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Vibration Control of Suspension Systems --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Semi-active Devices --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2 --- Literature Review --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- MR Fluid and Damper --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Vibration Control --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Robust Control --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3 --- Research Objective --- p.9 / Chapter 1.4 --- Organization of the Thesis --- p.9 / Chapter 2 --- MR DAMPER BEHAVIOR AND MODELING --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1 --- MR Damper --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2 --- Mathematical Model --- p.13 / Chapter 2.3 --- Experimental Setup --- p.15 / Chapter 2.4 --- Damper Characteristics --- p.18 / Chapter 2.5 --- Comparison Between Model with Experimental Data --- p.25 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Graphical Study --- p.26 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Quantitative Study --- p.26 / Chapter 2.5.3 --- Other Input Tests --- p.27 / Chapter 3 --- SEMI-ACTIVE VIBRATION CONTROL --- p.33 / Chapter 3.1 --- Dynamic Modelling of Suspension Systems --- p.33 / Chapter 3.2 --- Single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) Passive Suspension System --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Viscous Damper --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- MR Damper --- p.37 / Chapter 3.3 --- Single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) Semi-active Suspension System --- p.41 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Ideal Skyhook Control --- p.41 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Semi-active Skyhook Control --- p.44 / Chapter 3.4 --- Semi-active Robust Control Development --- p.46 / Chapter 3.5 --- Sliding Mode Control --- p.47 / Chapter 3.6 --- Semi-active Damper Control --- p.51 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- On-off Control --- p.52 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- Continuous-state Control --- p.53 / Chapter 3.6.3 --- Comparison Between On-off and Continuous-state Controller --- p.54 / Chapter 4 --- SIMULATION STUDIES --- p.57 / Chapter 4.1 --- Transmissibility --- p.57 / Chapter 4.2 --- Different Base Excitations --- p.59 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Bump Input --- p.60 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Random Input --- p.62 / Chapter 5 --- CONCLUSION --- p.67 / Chapter 5.1 --- Summary --- p.67 / Chapter 5.2 --- Future Work --- p.68 / APPENDIX --- p.69 / Chapter A.1 --- Semi-active Control with MR Damper ´ؤ Main Program Listing --- p.69 / Chapter A.2 --- Sub-program Listing (Dynamic System) --- p.70 / Chapter A.3 --- Sub-program Listing (Sliding Mode Controller) --- p.73 / Chapter A.4 --- Sub-program Listing (MR Damper Model) --- p.73 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.75

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Bibliography: leaves 218-223. / by Paul Alan Basore. / M.S.

Thesis. 1977. Sc.D.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Includes bibliographical references. / Sc.D.

Research suggests that suspensions are detrimental to students' socio-emotional and academic development and to the likelihood that they graduate from high school. This literature often describes the types of students who are suspended or the relationships between suspension and student outcomes, either through qualitative methods or quantitative methods that fail to adequately account for the differences between students who are and are not suspended. Using longitudinal administrative data from New York City, I build upon extant research by estimating the link between suspension and short-term academic outcomes within a student fixed effects framework. This approach eliminates unmeasured differences across students that are associated with both the likelihood of being suspended and important student outcomes. I then estimate the link between suspension and long-term academic outcomes using propensity score matching. I find that suspension is associated with increased absences and latenesses, and a decreased likelihood of passing courses the term in which the suspension occurred. Furthermore, suspension is associated with a lower likelihood of graduating within four, five, or six years, and a decreased likelihood of passing Regents exams.

Lam Hiu Fung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-111). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / abstract --- p.i / 摘要 --- p.iii / acknowledgements --- p.v / table of contents --- p.vi / list of figures --- p.viii / list of tables --- p.xi / Chapter 1 --- introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Controllable Suspension System --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Automotive Suspension System --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Controllable Devices --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- MR Fluid and Damper --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2 --- Vibration Control --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Active Control --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Semi-active Control --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Robust Control --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3 --- Research Objective --- p.7 / Chapter 1.4 --- Thesis Outline --- p.8 / Chapter 2 --- PARAMETRIC STUDY OF SUSPENSION SYSTEMS --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1 --- System Models and Transmissibility --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Passive Suspension System --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Skyhook Suspension System --- p.15 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Groundhook Suspension System --- p.24 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Hybrid Suspension System --- p.32 / Chapter 2.1.5 --- Comparison among four suspension systems --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2 --- Characteristics analysis --- p.45 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Passive Suspension System --- p.45 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Skyhook Suspension System --- p.47 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Groundhook Suspension System --- p.50 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Hybrid Suspension System --- p.52 / Chapter 2.3 --- Stability --- p.54 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Stability in the Sense of Lyapunov for Suspension Systems --- p.54 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Stability for four Suspension Systems --- p.57 / Chapter 2.4 --- Optimization --- p.63 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Single-Degree-of-Freedom Passive System --- p.63 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Two-Degree-of-Freedom Passive System --- p.65 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Hybrid Suspension System --- p.67 / Chapter 3 --- SUSPENSION SYSTEM WITH VIBRATION CONTROLLER --- p.71 / Chapter 3.1 --- Two-Degree-of-Freedom Quarter Car Model --- p.71 / Chapter 3.2 --- MR Damper --- p.73 / Chapter 3.3 --- Vibration Controller --- p.75 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- System Controller: Sliding Mode Control --- p.76 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Damper Controller: Continuous-state Control --- p.83 / Chapter 4 --- SIMULATION RESULTS --- p.85 / Chapter 4.1 --- Transmissibility analysis --- p.86 / Chapter 4.2 --- Simulation --- p.89 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Test by Bump Excitation --- p.89 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Test by Random Excitation (White noise) --- p.91 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Test by Road Elevation Profile --- p.95 / Chapter 5 --- CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK --- p.99 / Chapter 5.1 --- Summary --- p.99 / Chapter 5.2 --- Future Work and Further Development --- p.100 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Parametric study of the MR suspension system --- p.100 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Systematic method for selecting control gains --- p.101 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- New control algorithm --- p.101 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Extension to half and full car models --- p.102 / Chapter 5.2.5 --- System implementation --- p.102 / appendix / Chapter A.1 --- Additional information of the transmissibility of unsprung mass.… --- p.103 / Chapter A.2 --- Additional figures of the random excitation test: --- p.104 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.106

Orientador: Elisabeth Loshchagin Pizzolitto / Banca: Jonas Contiero / Banca: Cristina Paiva de Sousa / Resumo: Avaliou-se o perfil de suscetibilidade de Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 e Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, em suspensão e em biofilme formado in vitro, frente à ação dos desinfetantes: ácido iodado, à base de biguanida, à base de quaternário de amônio, à base de ácido peracético e clorado, empregados comumente em indústrias alimentícias brasileiras. As técnicas de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e microbiológica de viabilidade celular foram utilizadas para esta pesquisa. Os resultados demonstraram que as células microbianas em suspensão foram suscetíveis a ação de todos os desinfetantes estudados, não apresentando células viáveis após 10 minutos de tratamento com os desinfetantes. O desinfetante clorado foi o mais eficaz na eliminação das células microbianas em biofilme, proporcionando baixos valores numéricos na contagem das células viáveis e poucas células aderidas à superfície do aço inoxidável após submetido ao tratamento de 10 minutos, enquanto o desinfetante à base de biguanida mostrou ser o menos eficaz na eliminação das células microbianas em biofilme após um tratamento de 10 minutos. A idade do biofilme em horas (24, 75, 120) não mostrou ser um fator influente na resistência das células microbianas aos desinfetantes testados. Comparando-se os resultados da suscetibilidade das células microbianas em suspensão e em biofilme, foi verificado que as células em biofilme são mais resistentes à ação dos desinfetantes. O conjunto dos resultados sugerem uma deficiência de todos os desinfetantes estudados na eliminação de S. aureus, E. coli e L. monocytogenes quando em biofilme. / Abstract: The susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, in suspension and in biofilm formed in vitro, was studied against the action of disinfectants: iodine, biguanide, quaternary ammonium, peracetic acid and chlorine, commonly used in Brazilian food industries. The scanning electron microscopy and cellular viability techniques were used in this research. The results showed that the microbiological suspension cells were susceptible after 10 minutes of treatment with the disinfectants. The chlorine disinfectant was the most effective against microbiological cells in biofilm, showed low numbers of viable cells and few adhered cells on stainless steel surface after 10 minutes of treatment, while the biguanide disinfectant showed to be the least effective against microbiological cells in biofilm after 10 minutes of treatment. The biofilm age in hours (24, 72 and 120) didn't show to be an influential factor on resistance of microbiological cells to studied disinfectant. The comparison between the results of susceptibility of microbiological suspension cells and microbiological biofilm cells showed that the biofilm cells are more resistant to disinfectants action. The results suggest that the studied disinfectants could not eliminate S. aureus, E. coli and L. monocytogenes biofilms. / Mestre

O Grupo de Hormônios do Centro de Biotecnologia do IPEN desenvolveu várias linhagens de células de ovário de hamster chinês (CHO) modificadas geneticamente e comprovadamente eficientes na expressão de proteínas heterólogas, dentre elas a prolactina humana (hPRL) e os análogos antagonistas de prolactina (S179D-hPRL e G129R-hPRL). No entanto, todas as linhagens para expressão são cultivadas em monocamadas e dependentes da presença de soro fetal bovino (SFB) no meio de cultivo para um crescimento eficiente. As células em suspensão apresentam um grande interesse industrial-farmacêutico, tanto pela facilidade de cultivo e ampliação de escala, como pela produtividade volumétrica. Desenvolvemos um protocolo para adaptação de células CHO para o crescimento em suspensão e também processos de produção em frascos spinners. Nesse trabalho foi realizada a adaptação das linhagens produtoras de hPRL; S179D-hPRL e G129R-hPRL para o crescimento em suspensão e em meio livre de SFB. Realizamos também a produção em escala laboratorial com as três linhagens adaptadas, assim como a correspondente purificação e caracterização de quatro proteínas heterólogas, incluindo a prolactina humana glicosilada (G-hPRL). / The Hormone Group of the Biotechnology Center of IPEN has developed different cells lines of genetically modified chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) for the expression of heterologus protein like human prolactin (hPRL) and its analogs/antagonists (S179D-hPRL and G129R-hPRL). All cell lines for expression are however cultured in monolayer culture dish and depend on fetal bovine serum (FBS) in the medium for an efficient growth. Cells in suspension show a great industrial-pharmaceutical interest, especially for the cultivation facility and scale enlargement as well as for volumetric productivity. We developed a protocol for adapting CHO cells to suspension growth, in spinner flasks. The adaption of our cell lines producing hPRL; S179D-hPRL and G129R-hPRL to suspension growth and in serum-free medium was obtained. We also carried out laboratory scale production with the three suspension-adapted culture line cells and the corresponding purification and characterization of four heterologous proteins, including glycosylated human prolactin (G-hPRL).

O presente trabalho descreve uma metodologia utilizada para a construção de um procedimento padronizado a ser utilizado por técnicos do Departamento Nacional de Produção Mineral (DNPM) para avaliação de solicitação de suspensão temporária do empreendimento por um período determinado. O método está implementado através de um formulário construído para ser aplicado na fiscalização de campo prevista na legislação mineral em caso de solicitação de suspensão das atividades de mineração, inicialmente com proposta de aplicação em minas a céu aberto de agregados. A proposta desenvolvida parte do princípio que a justificativa apresentada pela empresa é satisfatória e que ela entregou todos os documentos previstos na legislação, também de maneira satisfatória e sistematiza itens de caráter atual do empreendimento para classificar de forma padronizada e objetiva o estado atual da unidade solicitante. A metodologia possui a intenção de complementar a análise, torná-la menos subjetiva e confirmar as informações contidas nos documentos entregues. O procedimento também visa que os impactos sejam mitigados e que a área permaneça sob cuidados permanentes do empreendedor, sem agravamento dos passivos, assim como, possibilite a retomada das operações de forma segura. / This work describes a methodology used to construct a standard procedure to be used by technicians of the National Department of Mineral Production (DNPM) to evaluate the request for mining temporary suspension for a certain period. The method is implemented through a form, built to be applied in the field inspection provided for the mineral legislation in case of request for suspension of the mining activities, initially with proposal of application in open cast mines of aggregates. The idea developed assumes that the justification presented by the company is satisfactory and that it showed all documents provided for the legislation, also in a satisfactory manner. It systematizes items of current character to classify in a standardized and objective way the mine that is requesting suspension. The methodology intents to complement the analysis, make it less subjective and confirm the information contained in the submitted documents. The procedure also aims at mitigating the impacts and that the area remains under permanent care and maintenance, without aggravating the liabilities, as well as, enable to return the operations in a safe way.

Este trabalho analisa minha produção em desenho entre 2013 e 2015; tratando-se da observação, descrição e problematização do meu processo de criação e do levantamento de ideias e ações decorrentes de todo esse processo. O desenho, como prática artística autônoma e autorreferente, é investigado a partir de uma relação de suspensão através da transferência de imagens fotográficas de referência, procurando estabelecer possíveis correlações entre a imagem produzida e a imagem sendo produzida. Este trabalho apresenta-se, pois, como um diálogo entre as camadas do processo de criação e suas reverberações conceituais e poéticas acerca da imagem. / This paper analyses my production in drawing between 2013 and 2015; dealing with the observation, description and questioning of my creation process and the lifting of ideas and actions resulting from this hole process. The drawing, as an autonomous and self-referential art practice, is investigated from a relation of suspension through the transfer of photographical images of reference, seeking to establish potential correlations between the produced image and the image being produced. This work presents itself, therefore, as a dialogue between the creative process layers and their conceptual and poetic reverberations about the image.