Le paradigme du développement durable a été traduit pour les forêts par la notion de gestion durable dès 1992. Cette dernière, redéfinie et précisée par les forestiers (Helsinki, 1993), semble se résumer à des adaptations voire des modifications des pratiques courantes de gestion forestière basées sur la production et la récolte du bois. C’est en effet la fonction économique de la forêt qui sous tend toute la gestion en apportant les ressources financières nécessaires mais aussi en garantissant l’intérêt et l’implication du propriétaire. Mais qu’en est-il pour la forêt méditerranéenne dont l’une des principales caractéristiques est précisément la très faible productivité n’assurant presque aucun revenu à son propriétaire ? Peut-elle alors être l’objet d’une gestion durable ? C’est à ces questions que cette thèse tente d’apporter des réponses sur un plan théorique dans un premier temps puis en s’intéressant plus précisément au cas particulier de sa mise en oeuvre sur le territoire du Parc naturel régional des Alpilles. La première partie sonde la notion de gestion durable dans ces multiples approches et la forêt méditerranéenne dans toutes ses particularités. De ces analyses peuvent alors émerger les contours d’un projet de gestion durable. Ce projet ne peut être mené que sur des territoires clairement identifiés tels les PNR, pleinement investis dans la gestion de leur forêt en région PACA. La deuxième partie est en une présentation et une analyse de pratiques de gestion forestière tant individuelles que collectives mises en oeuvre dans le PNR des Alpilles. Elle montre ainsi que la gestion durable est envisageable voire qu’elle existe. Cependant, elle illustre aussi les difficultés que peuvent rencontrer les acteurs pour collaborer. La troisième partie montre que le territoire du PNR des Alpilles présente pourtant des atouts qui garantissent la mobilisation de ses acteurs. Le principal en est sans doute l’existence d’une véritable identité territoriale à laquelle tous adhèrent. Cependant une enquête auprès des acteurs partenaires du parc révèle des tensions, à défaut de conflits ouverts. Celles-ci peuvent s’expliquer par les stratégies des acteurs dans le cadre des jeux de pouvoir inhérents à la mise en oeuvre de la gouvernance voulue par le parc. Pour l’heure, ces difficultés ne conduisent pas à un blocage de la situation mais constituent autant de freins que le parc doit lever pour envisager la mise en oeuvre d’une véritable gestion durable. / The Sustainable Development paradigm was translated into forestry objectives with the Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) notion as early as 1992. The next year, European foresters redefined and specified this engagement (Helsinki, 1993), with, at first glance, an impression that it was mostly small adaptation or modifications of practices already in use in modern forestry with mostly a productive ambition. Indeed, economics guide almost every forest management decision by giving the landowner financial tools worthy of interest and guaranteeing his involvement. But what about the Mediterranean forest that stands apart of this reality by being almost non-productive and giving no substantial revenue to its owner? Can this particular forest be managed sustainably? This thesis will try to answer these questions on a theoretical basis at first and the by examining a particular case of the territory of the « Parc Naturel Régional des Alpilles » (PNR des Alpilles). The first part will interest the reader in clearly defining Sustainable Forest Management with its multiple appraoches and discovering the mediterranean forest in its many subtleties. Afrom theese analisys colliding emerges the contours of a Sustainable Forest Management project. To makes this project work, a clearly defined territory and its actors, like that of a PNR, is most suitable because they are already well involved in their forest's management in the « Provence-Alpes-Cotes d'Azur » (PACA) region. The second part consists of a presentation and an analysis of forest practices that are in place in the PNR des Alpilles at the individual or at the collective level. It demonstrates that Sustainable Forest Management is possible and even a certain reality. However, it also illustrates the difficulties that the parks actors must face, their collaborations. The third part of this thesis, illsutrates that the territory of the PNR des Alpilles presents many assets that could garanty its actors mobilization. The fisrt is, without a doubt, an real attachment to the territory by its inhabitants. Nevertheless, an inquiry revealed that tensions are high even if open conflicts are avoided. Most of these seems to be highligted by the satregies of the Parcs many actors in their power struggle to govern the parc itself. For now, these difficulties do not seem to block the evolution of the PNR but illustrates its many obstacles in their effort of a real Sustainable Forest Management.

In Sustainable development studies, it has been established that food sector has a significantimpact on the environment and accordingly is a critical area for improvement. In addition,island regions particularly undergo a need for long-term sustainable development, due toisolation and high dependency on availability of local resources. Therefore, applyingsustainability into practise and incorporating its goals into strategic and operational levels ofmanagement decision-making, could use relatively more attention to proceed in thedevelopment. This study is looking at current work by regional authorities on the Swedishisland of Gotland in implementing sustainability transitions in the agri-food sector byscrutinising the industry actors’ involvement and attitudes. The research data was collectedvia analysis of governmental document and in-depth interviews with both industry andauthorities’ representatives and further evaluated with theories of governance, leadership andsustainability transitions. Yet, sustainability is such a complex issue interlinking economic,social and environmental aspects, so it requires more attention than initially perceived. Theresult indicates collaboration towards common goals benefits from trust and congruencebetween actors.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur företag inom detalj- och partihandeln går tillväga för att implementera arbetet med hållbarhet i verksamhetens affärsstrategi. Syftet är också att belysa hur kommunikation av hållbarhet kan påverka implementeringen. Studien har utgått från en abduktiv ansats där teorier vävs samman med det empiriska underlaget för att bilda samband som sedan kan tolkas. Ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv antas med hänsyn till det empiriska underlagets vikt för studien där verkligheten ses som subjektiv. Två företag ingår i studiens undersökning; Derome AB samt Gekås Ullared AB. / The purpose of the study is to investigate how retail and wholesale businesses work to implement the work of sustainability in the business strategy. The aim is also to highlight how communication of sustainability can affect implementation. In this study, abductive approach has been used where theories are interwoven with the empirical basis for a formation of relationships that can then be interpreted. A hermeneutic perspective is assumed with regard to the importance of the empirical foundation for the study, where reality is considered subjective. A number of interviews have been conducted with two companies which also meet criteria for sustainability reporting

O objetivo deste trabalho é coletar informações pertinentes ao manejo e práticas rurais desenvolvidas nas propriedades situadas no entorno do Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar - Núcleo Santa Virgínia. O trabalho tem como principio subsidiar a construção de uma proposta de manejo sustentável a ser desenvolvida na Zona de Amortecimento, envolvendo a participação da comunidade rural das bacias hidrográficas do Rio Paraibuna e Ribeirão da Cachoeirinha. A proposta deverá promover a sustentabilidade das atividades do entorno e a garantia e manutenção da diversidade biológica e dos recursos genéticos da unidade de conservação. A proposta focaliza o enriquecimento dos remanescentes florestais com o plantio do palmito Juçara (Euterpe edulis Mart.), como alternativa de renda para o produtor rural. Os procedimentos metodológicos para a caracterização geral da área e da comunidade envolvida foram os levantamentos de campo, fontes documentais e de entrevistas. A definição dos critérios para delimitação da zona de amortecimento e seleção dos fragmentos baseou-se no limite da bacia hidrográfica e na legislação ambiental vigente. Utilizou-se para o mapeamento e identificação dos fragmentos, o Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) Arc (GIS) 8.1.2 - ESRI. Os resultados apontaram 20 fragmentos da zona de amortecimento com potencialidades para a implantação do manejo. Indicaram ainda, a necessidade de articulação dos setores da região e a adoção de estratégias que incentivem a capacitação dos técnicos da CATI e proprietários rurais. / The purpose of this project is to suggest a sustainable management of forest fragment situated in Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar Núcleo Santa Virgínia buffer zone. Considered as basic principle: the Paraibuna river basis rural community involvement, the surrounding activities will become sustainable and the guarantee and maintenance of biological diversity and the genetics resources from a protect area. The forest remainder will improve with the Juçara (Euterpe edulis Mart) palm cultivates, which, will be an alternative for the land owners. The methodology for characterization the area and the community was land visiting, documents source and interviews. The buffer zone boundary and the fragments select have been done according to the environmental law and the hydrographical basin. The use of the SIG Arc (GIS) 8.1.2 ESRI, was important for the forest fragment identification. The results 20 fragments with capacity to implementation the management inside the buffer zone, and shows that is necessary to promote the relationship between region sector and adopts strategies which capacity the CATI technician and land owners.

This study mainly compares and analyzes the sustainable development measures of hotels in China and Sweden. In this study, purposive sampling method is adopted to select hotels in China and Sweden, and the data of sample hotels are coded and classified and then compared and analyzed according to different categories. According to the results of the study, there are two major differences in sustainability measures between Chinese and Swedish hotels. First, the text information shows that Chinese hotels pay more attention to the establishment of overall hotel management system, such as energy management system and water resource management system, than Swedish hotels. Second, Swedish hotels have a more mature thinking on sustainable development, which is reflected in the fact that the hotel puts itself in the process of social sustainable development, instead of treating the hotel group itself as an island. This can be well reflected by the hotel's measures on food. The hotel not only pays attention to the consumption of food in the hotel, but also pays attention to the early procurement and the disposal of the leftover food, which is also a combination of environmental sustainability and social sustainability. The main reason for the difference in sustainable development measures between hotels in China and Sweden can be attributed to the different social development conditions in the two countries. As a developed country, Sweden has good welfare policies to ensure the interests of vulnerable groups, which gives the country room to think beyond its economic interests. As China paid attention to economic development in the early stage, although the overall economic development is now in good condition, the basic living needs of people in some areas still need to be improved. In such an environment, the society itself pays attention to economic benefits and somehow ignores sustainable development. Consequently, the national group, as consumers, has no requirement for the sustainable development of enterprises. As a result, the driving force for the sustainable development of Chinese enterprises only comes from national policies.

Emerging countries have enriched supply chains of influential multinational organizations. Business in emerging markets have led to both positive and negative outcomes. Stakeholders have a strong impact in emerging markets in relation to local communities. There have been lots of research connecting stakeholder responsibility with sustainability. Those studies have been the inspiration for this study. This research recognizes how stakeholders can contribute in the emerging market through the help of third parties. The study models the relation between CSR and stakeholders. The risk factor is more pronounces in some industries more than others, so this study primarily seeks to examine how risk factors can be mitigated in the Bangladesh garments industry.  In this case study, the qualitative method was approached and followed up by semi-structured interviews to answer the research question. The interview was held in various organizations, and 13 respondents shared their experiences through interviews. Six of the interviewees were managers from different parts of ready-made garments business and operations functions. The rest of the interviewees belong to the production floor. The interviewees answered questions related to the importance of buyers, safety regulations, and NGOs in the industry. From the findings, thematic analysis was conducted. Based on the findings, the study has concluded that engagement of third parties can impact work conditions in the examined setting. The importance of audit is underscored by in the data and seems to be instrumental for efforts of preventing accidents. To successfully develop an industry without creating negative effects on society, stakeholders need to be more involved in the safety of factory workers. Approaching this issue with third party involvement can be a useful solution for the buyer. / <p>Confidential</p>

The global increase in demand for wood products, calls for a more sustainable management of forests to optimize both the production of wood and the conservation of forest biodiversity. In this paper, we evaluate the status and future trends of forest birds in Central European forests, assuming different forest management scenarios that to a varying degree respond to the demand for wood production. To this end, we use niche models (Boosted Regression Trees and Generalized Linear Models) to model the responses of 15 forest bird species to predictors related to forest stand (e.g., stand volume of specific tree species) and landscape structure (e.g., percentage cover), and to climate (bioclimatic variables). We then define five distinct forest management scenarios, ranging from set-aside to productivity-driven scenarios, project them 100 years into the future, and apply our niche models into these scenarios to assess the birds’ responses to different forest management alternatives. Our models show that the species’ responses to management vary reflecting differences in their ecological niches, and consequently, no single management practice can benefit all species if applied across the whole landscape. Thus, we conclude that in order to promote the overall forest bird species richness in the study region, it is necessary to manage the forests in a multi-functional way, e.g., by spatially optimizing the management practices in the landscape.

Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att få förståelse för hur chefer leder hållbarhet och motiverar de anställda genom utbildning att jobba med frågor som rör uppförandekoden. Metod: Studien har utförts genom en kvalitativ metod och genom semistrukturerade intervjuer av 10 chefer som arbetar på olika affärsområden i ett stort företag i Mellansverige. Materialet presenteras och analyseras genom tematiskt analys av data för att slutligen redovisa resultat kopplat till forskningsfrågorna. Resultat &amp; slutsats: Resultat av studien visar att ledarens engagemang är en viktig komponent för att medarbetarna ska bli motiverade att utföra en uppgift som utgår från hållbarhet. Utbildning av hållbarhet relaterat till företagets uppförandekod råder det delade meningar om och det önskas andra metoder för lärande. Studien visar också att uppföljning av hållbarhetsutbildning behöver genomföras kontinuerligt för att kunskaperna ska bibehållas hos medarbetaren. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Då denna studie behandlar ledarnas perspektiv föreslår vi att fortsatta studier kan fokusera på medarbetarnas åsikter och identifiera de anställdas uppfattning om motivationsfaktorer angående hållbarhet. På grund av tidsbegränsning är vårt förslag att det behövs ytterligare studier som omfattar fler respondenter för att kunna bekräfta våra slutsatser. Förslagsvis kan en mer omfattande kvantitativ studie inom området genomföras. Uppsatsens bidrag: Studien visar att ledarens engagemang har stor inverkan på de anställdas motivation att utföra en uppgift som omfattar hållbarhet. Vi kan se att utbildningen av medarbetarna på företaget inom hållbarhet har resulterat i en långsiktighet i affärsbeslut. Studien visar även att utbildningen behöver förbättras för att kunskaperna ska kunna integreras i den dagliga verksamheten ytterligare. / Aim: The purpose of this paper is to obtain an understanding of how managers are leading sustainability and motivates employees through education to work on issues related to the code of conduct. Method: The study has been carried out by a qualitative method and through semistructured interviews with 10 managers working in different business areas in a large company in central Sweden. The material is presented and analyzed through thematic analysis to finally present results related to the research questions. Result &amp; Conclusions: Results of the study show that the leaders’ commitment is an important component for employees to be motivated to perform a task based on sustainability. There is a disagreement and desire of other methods to educate in sustainability related to the company's code of conduct. The study also shows that monitoring of sustainability education needs to be carried out continuously for knowledge to be retained in the employee. Suggestions for future research: Since this study deals with the leaders’ perspective, we suggest that future studies focus on employee engagement and identify the employees' perception of motivational factors regarding sustainability. Because of the time constraints our suggestion is that further studies involve more respondents to confirm our conclusions. Furthermore, we believe that a comprehensive quantitative study could be contributing for future research. Contribution of the thesis: This study shows that the leaders’ involvement has great impact on employee motivation to perform a task involving sustainability. We can discern that the training of company employees in sustainability has resulted in a longterm business decision. The study also shows that training needs to be improved for knowledge about the code of conduct should be integrated into the daily operations further.

A presença de contaminação por substâncias perigosas no solo e na água subterrânea acarreta inúmeros problemas, tais como: risco à saúde humana e aos ecossistemas; comprometimento da água para abastecimento público; e redução do valor econômico e da função social do terreno. Embora as tecnologias de remediação sejam aplicadas para resolver problemas ambientais e de saúde pública, estas também podem gerar externalidades ambientais negativas como consumo de energia e recursos naturais; desequilíbrio do ciclo da água; erosão do solo; e emissão de gases de efeito estufa. Tendo em vista a recente ocorrência com áreas contaminadas na Universidade de São Paulo (USP) o presente trabalho visou elaborar um plano de gestão sustentável para uma dessas áreas localizada no campus USP da Capital, contribuindo com o Programa de Políticas Ambientais, sob coordenação da Superintendência de Gestão Ambiental da USP. A metodologia de pesquisa foi baseada em revisão bibliográfica sobre remediação sustentável e construção sustentável e em a análise qualitativa das ações, práticas e lições aprendidas de casos bem sucedidos de gestão das áreas contaminadas com elementos sustentáveis como subsídio para elaboração do plano. A partir da caracterização de quatro áreas contaminadas existentes no campus USP da Capital, foi selecionada a área da USP Leste para estudo de caso para promover o uso de práticas sustentáveis em campus universitário, de tal forma que proteja a saúde humana e minimize os impactos ambientais adversos. Com o intuito de buscar melhorias à gestão do campus, por meio da inserção da sustentabilidade na gestão da contaminação da USP Leste, a elaboração do plano de gestão sustentável considerou as especificidades locais nas práticas sustentáveis a serem implementadas, conforme as necessidades e diretrizes da USP. As soluções propostas incluíram a combinação do planejamento das fases de investigação e remediação com o design da construção de edifícios, que possam trazer benefícios ambientais, econômicos e sociais a todas as partes interessadas, tais como redução de custos a longo prazo relacionados à redução do consumo de energia e eletricidade pela implantação de sistemas de energia renováveis para fornecimento de energia elétrica ao sistemas de ventilação de metano / The presence of contamination by hazardous substances in soil and groundwater causes numerous problems, such as risk to human health and ecosystems; water impairment as drinking water; and reduced economic value and social function of the land. Although remediation technologies solve environmental and public health issues, they can also generate negative environmental externalities such as energy and natural resources consumption; imbalance of water cycle; soil erosion; and greenhouse gas emissions. Due to recent occurrence with contaminated areas at the University of São Paulo (USP) the present work aims to develop a sustainable management plan for one of these areas located on the USP Capital campus, contributing to Program of Environmental Policies, coordinated by the Superintendence of Environmental Management of USP. The research methodology was based on literature review about sustainable remediation and construction; and qualitative analysis of actions, practices and lessons learned applied on successful case studies of contaminated sites management with sustainable elements as subsidy for elaboration of the plan. Based upon a characterization of four contaminated areas located on USP Capital campus, the site of USP Leste was selected as case study in order to promote the use of sustainable practices on campus, through an approach that protects human health and minimizes adverse environmental impacts. In order to seek improvements to the campus management by sustainability integration in contamination management of USP Leste, the elaboration of sustainable management plan considered local specificities on sustainable practices to be implemented, according to the needs and guidelines of USP. The proposed solutions included the planning of investigation and remediation stages with the construction design of buildings that can bring environmental, economic and social benefits to all stakeholders, such as long-term cost savings related to the reduction of energy consumption and electricity by the implementation of renewable energy systems to supply electricity to methane ventilation systems

Alors que la conscience environnementale pourrait être largement compréhensible et partagée par le plus grand nombre, les émissions de gaz à effet de serre, de polluants et de déchets ne cessent de croître. Notre habitat et les transports en sont les plus grands contributeurs. Le développement durable tend à fournir les bases d’un modèle de croissance pérenne de notre planète, mais aujourd’hui reste marginalement intégré au logiciel stratégique appliqué par les personnes, les organisations et les décideurs.La baisse des moyens d’État engendre une prégnance de l’intervention des groupes privés dans la fabrique de la ville. Le processus de production par la segmentation des interventions, la complexité, l’asymétrie d’informations et de compétences et son modèle économique sous-jacent rend complexe la prise en compte d’une réelle durabilité, mais notre habitat a une réelle influence sur notre devenir.L’habitat, son lieu, sa forme, sont des vecteurs importants de l’équité au sens de la justice sociale et donc du ‘vivre ensemble’. Mais le développement durable tel que pratiqué par les marchés reste rare et cher. Une évolution de la chaîne de valeur de l’immobilier peut permettre une réduction significative du coût de la construction et du prix pour rendre suffisamment abordable les logements. Nous avons identifié des variables d’ajustement et évalué leur impact. Une approche réellement durable contribue à supporter la démographie en adaptant nos modes de vie, tend favorablement au développement des individus, des entreprises et des institutions par la co-construction de valorisations et de (bonnes) pratiques, lesquelles restent largement à définir. / Title: Human living and urban transitions to sustainability: the Gordian knot of construction costs in the case of sustainable real estate or Digital technologies necessary for the evolution of the real estate value chain towards sustainability.While environmental awareness could be widely understood and shared by as many people as possible, emissions of greenhouse gases, pollutants and waste continue to grow. Housing and transportation are the biggest contributors. Sustainable development tends to provide the foundation for a sustainable growth model of our planet, but today remains marginally integrated in strategies applied by people, organizations and policy makers.The fall in state resources is giving rise to the intervention of private groups in the fabric of the city. The production process by the segmentation of the interventions, the complexity, the asymmetry of information and skills and its underlying economic model makes complex the taking into account of a real durability, but a house has a real influence on our potential of becoming.Our living, its place, its form, are important vectors of equity in the sense of social justice and thus of a 'living together'. But sustainable development as practiced by the markets is rare and expensive. We have identified adjustment variables that can make the cost of housing accessible. An evolution of the real estate value chain can lead to a significant reduction in the cost of construction and the price to make housing affordable enough. Sustainability can help support demographics by adapting our lifestyles, while positively contributing to the development of individuals, businesses and institutions through the co-construction of (good) practices, particularly in investments that remain largely to be define.