Submitted by Aelson Maciera (aelsoncm@terra.com.br) on 2017-05-12T19:39:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissPGR.pdf: 3189913 bytes, checksum: f21c15a497113ba51e22b0e750f8a8dd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-05-18T20:26:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissPGR.pdf: 3189913 bytes, checksum: f21c15a497113ba51e22b0e750f8a8dd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-05-18T20:26:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissPGR.pdf: 3189913 bytes, checksum: f21c15a497113ba51e22b0e750f8a8dd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-23T17:42:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissPGR.pdf: 3189913 bytes, checksum: f21c15a497113ba51e22b0e750f8a8dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-24 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / The frailty syndrome has been described as an important geriatric syndrome by being associated with an increased risk of functional decline, falls, institutionalization, hospitalization and death. In addition, some studies have found an association with cognitive decline and low level of physical activity. The study aims were (a) to verify the influence of frailty syndrome, level of physical activity and cognition on Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and Timed Up and Go associated with dual task (TUG-DT) performances; and (b) to compare TUG and TUG-DT performances between older adults who developed frailty syndrome. Sixty-four individuals were divided into frail, pre-frail and non-frail groups. The assessment consisted of cognition (ACE-R), physical activity level (triaxial accelerometer), isolated secondary task, TUG and TUG-DT. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA or Chi-square tests were used to compare groups. Multiple linear regression to identify variables that could predict the time performance in TUG and TUG-DT, and, ANCOVA to compare the three groups. Regarding the characteristics of the sample, the groups presented homogeneous, except gender, which showed more women in the pre-frail group. Significant differences in daily physical activity level were found in the frail group for energy expenditure, time sitting/lying, time standing, time stepping and step count variables. There were no differences in ACE-R total score, however, there was difference between the frail group and non-frail just in attention and orientation domain. The isolated secondary task was influenced cognition during its realization, but there were no differences between groups. TUG performance was not influenced by age, physical activity level or frailty, however, frail group differed from non-frail group in time and number of steps. Regarding the performance of the elderly in TUG-DT, cognition and age influenced the time of completion and number of steps, respectively, however, no differences were found between groups. The results show that the performance of the TUG is influenced by the presence of the frailty syndrome, age and of physical activity level and the performance of the TUG-DT is influenced by age and cognition. / A síndrome da fragilidade tem sido descrita como uma importante síndrome geriátrica por estar associada ao aumento do risco de declínio funcional, quedas, institucionalização e morte. Além disso, alguns estudos têm verificado uma associação com declínio cognitivo e baixo nível de atividade física. O presente estudo teve como objetivos: (a) verificar a influência da síndrome da fragilidade, nível de atividade física e cognição no desempenho dos testes Timed Up and Go (TUG) e Timed Up and Go associado à dupla tarefa (TUG-DT) e (b) comparar o desempenho de idosos que cursam a síndrome da fragilidade em ambos os testes. Sessenta e quatro idosos foram divididos em grupos frágil, pré-frágil e não frágil. Foram avaliados: cognição (ACE-R), nível de atividade física (acelerômetro triaxial), tarefa secundária isolada, TUG e TUG-DT. Na análise estatística, utilizou-se ANOVA one way e Qui-quadrado para comparação dos grupos. Regressão linear múltipla para identificar as variáveis preditoras dos tempos de realização do TUG e TUG-DT e ANCOVA para comparar os três grupos. Com relação às características da amostra, os grupos apresentaram-se homogêneos, exceto a variável sexo, com mais mulheres no grupo pré-frágil. Diferenças significativas no nível de atividade física diário foram encontradas no grupo frágil para as variáveis gasto energético, tempo em repouso, tempo em ortostase, tempo caminhando e contagem de passos. Não foram encontradas diferenças na pontuação total do ACE-R, verificou-se diferença entre o grupo frágil e não frágil apenas no domínio atenção e orientação. A tarefa secundária isolada sofreu influência da cognição durante a sua realização, porém não houve diferenças entre os grupos. O desempenho no TUG não foi influenciado pelas covariáveis idade, nível de atividade física e fragilidade, de modo que, o grupo frágil diferiu do grupo não frágil no tempo de realização do teste e número de passos. Com relação ao desempenho dos idosos no TUG-DT, a cognição e idade influenciaram no tempo de realização e número de passos, respectivamente, porém, não foram encontradas diferenças entre os grupos. Os resultados permitem concluir que o desempenho do TUG é influenciado pela presença da síndrome da fragilidade, idade e nível de atividade física e o desempenho do TUG-DT é influenciado pela idade e cognição. / CNPq: 131468/2015-4.

A progressão da distrofia muscular de Duchenne (DMD) resulta no surgimento de múltiplas e variadas sinergias para compensar a fraqueza muscular e para lidar com as demandas de tarefas funcionais, como por exemplo, a marcha. Alguns instrumentos de avaliação funcional para pessoas com DMD permite a análise subjetiva (descrição) e objetiva (escore) sem levar em consideração os movimentos compensatórios. Por esta razão, os médicos e os fisioterapeutas enfrentam dificuldades na avaliação clínica e tomada de decisão. Este estudo teve como objetivo elaborar o domínio marcha da Escala de Avaliação Funcional para DMD / Functional Evaluation Scale (FES-DMD-D4), testar sua confiabilidade intraexaminador e interexaminadores e sua relação com a idade, escala Vignos e tempo de desempenho da marcha. Uma amostra de 120 vídeos da marcha de 30 crianças com DMD foi analisada. Os movimentos detectados foram classificados considerando suas características cinesiológicos e padrões de compensações. FES-DMD-D4 foi criada e submetida à avaliação de 10 especialistas. Após a incorporação das sugestões propostas, a escala foi utilizada no total da amostra para avaliação por três examinadores. Foi calculada a confiabilidade intraexaminador e interexaminadores utilizando ICC. As relações entre o FES-DMD-D4 e a idade, a escala Vignos e o tempo de desempenho foram testadas com teste de correlação de Spearman (p < 0,05). A FES-DMD-D4 foi composta por três fases, e 14 itens. Coeficientes de correlação intraclasse variaram de aceitável (0,79) a excelente (0,98). A pontuação total da FES-DMD-D4 correlacionou-se com a idade e o tempo de desempenho, mas não com a escala Vignos / The progression of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) results in the emergence of multiple and varied synergies to compensate muscle weakness and to deal with the demands of functional tasks, such as gait. Few functional evaluation instruments for people with DMD allows for subjective analysis (description) and objective (score) without taking into account the compensatory movements. For this reason, clinicians and physiotherapists face difficulties in clinical assessment and decision-making. This study aimed to elaborate the gait domain of the Functional Evaluation Scale for DMD, gait domain (FES-DMD-D4) and to test its reliability intraexaminer and interexaminers and its relationship with age, Vignos score and timed motor performance. A sample of 120 gait videos of 30 children with DMD was analyzed. The detected movements were classified, considering the kinesiological characteristics of the compensation movements. FES-DMD-D4 was created and submitted to the review of 10 experts. After the incorporation of the suggestions proposed by the experts, the scale was used to analyse a total sample by 3 examiners. The reliability intraexaminer and interexaminers was calculated using ICC. The relationships between FES-DMD-D4 and age, Vignos score and timed motor performance was tested with Spearman correlation test (p < 0.05). The FES-DMD-D4 was composed of 3 phases, and 14 items. Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from acceptable (0.79) to excellent (0.98). The scores on FES-DMD-D4 correlated to age and timed motor performance, but not to Vignos score

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram desenvolver um dispositivo apontador, com as mesmas funções de um mouse, controlado pelo movimento da cabeça, e comparar a eficiência do dispositivo proposto, utilizando o controle do cursor do computador no modo absoluto e relativo (joystick), operado por dez indivíduos tetraplégicos e por dez indivíduos sem acometimento neuromuscular. A maioria dos parâmetros estudados apresentou diferença significativa, entre as situações de controle absoluto e relativo, para os indivíduos de ambos os grupos, evidenciando que os parâmetros medidos no modo absoluto foram melhores que os medidos no modo relativo. O dispositivo apontador emula adequadamente as funções de deslocamento do cursor, mostrando que o modo de controle absoluto é mais eficiente que o modo de controle relativo / The objectives of this study were to develop a head controlled pointer device with mouse functions and compare its performance when operated in absolute versus relative (joystick like) modes by ten quadriplegic subjects and ten people without neuromuscular impairment. The device was composed of a video camera, a computer program and a reflective paper target attached to a cap which was then placed on the user´s head. Most of the measured parameters revealed a significant difference between the control modes, favouring the absolute one, for both studied groups. The developed head pointer adequately emulates the computer cursor displacement, with the absolute control mode being functionally more efficient than the relative control mode in this study.

This study set out to investigate how ICT design relates to users’ affect, cognition and creativity in task performance. More specifically, the intent is to highlight how ICT design can elicit positive effective states and enhance cognitive abilities, including creative thinking in task activity within distance learning. In addition to this is to emphasize the synergies between ICT design, affect, cognition, and creativity from as well theoretical as empirical perspectives. To achieve the objective of this study, a qualitative empirical method was used. A survey questionnaire was chosen as a collection data technique. As far as analysis is concerned, phenomenology analytic strategy was espoused to explore how the participants perceive the phenomenon under inquiry. As for theory, central themes were selected for review given the synergy between them and their implication for the topic. They include: ICT; design; ICT design aspects: aesthetics, functionality, and usability; affect and cognition; and creativity; as well as the synergies between these concepts. Key findings highlight the role of affective quality of ICT design aesthetics in eliciting positive affective states among users when they acquire and use new ICT products or services regardless of their motivational needs. Most users consider aesthetics, usability, and functionality as design aspects but they tend to differ in ranking them depending on how they emotionally perceive them. Simplicity in ICT design is perceived as pleasurable aesthetic value. Further, natural colors are favored most by ICT users and positively affect their emotions so do the other aesthetical features associated with computers, software graphics, and web design. Using ICT inspire users creativity in task performance through what design affective qualities induce as positive affect in them in addition to software usability and functionality depending on the user. There are some synergies between design aesthetics, affect, cognition, and creativity. Moreover, ICT design can, depending on additional factors, ease and help users’ to carry out complex task and if software applications are skillfully used, they can help stimulate users’ creativity in task performance because of the built-in capabilities that are intended to enhance cognitive and emotional abilities of users. In addition, users differ on the elements they focus on when interacting with ICT depending on their inclination. Human attentional capacity and intensity can play a role in creativity. Crystallization of creativity can be triggered when various ICT design elements are perceived in a useful way. / +46704393342

Objetivo: Avaliar a responsividade da escala de avaliação funcional para pacientes com distrofia muscular de Duchenne (DMD), domínio 1 - sentar e levantar da cadeira (FES-DMD-D1). Método: Estudo observacional, retrospectivo e longitudinal (seguimento por um ano). Foi estudada, utilizando o software FES-DMD-DATA, uma amostra de 150 avaliações da atividade de sentar e levantar da cadeira, a partir de um banco de imagens com filmes de 30 crianças com DMD, executando atividades funcionais, avaliadas a cada três meses, em um período de um ano. A avaliação da FES-DMD-D1 foi aplicada por fisioterapeuta treinado, considerando os escores das fases de flexão, de contato e de extensão da atividade de sentar na cadeira e, das fases de flexão, de transferência e de extensão da atividade de levantar da cadeira. Para avaliar a responsividade da FES-DMD-D1 foram analisadas as avaliações dos períodos de seguimento de três, seis, nove e doze meses, por meio do tamanho do efeito (TE) e da média de resposta padronizada (MRP). Resultados: A responsividade da atividade de sentar na cadeira foi considerada de pequena a moderada nas avaliações a cada três meses (TE de 0,22 a 0,49 e MRP de 0,32 a 0,54), de pequena a moderada a cada seis meses (TE de 0,50 a 0,61 e MRP de 0,41 a 0,61), de pequena a grande a cada nove meses (TE de 0,69 a 1,11 e MRP de 0,49 a 0,79) e grande no período de um ano (TE de 1,07 e MRP de 0,80). Na atividade de levantar da cadeira, a responsividade foi pequena a cada três meses (TE de 0,21 a 0,35 e MRP de 0,28 a 0,45), de pequena a grande a cada seis meses (TE de 0,45 a 0,62 e MRP de 0,50 a 0,96), de moderada a grande a cada nove meses (TE de 0,76 a 0,89 e MRP de 0,74 a 1,47) e grande em um ano (TE de 1,28 e MRP de 1,24). Conclusão: A FES-DMD-D1 mostrou responsividade de moderada a grande, aumentando gradativamente nos intervalos de seis, nove e doze meses. Dessa forma, é indicado o uso da FES-DMD-D1 a partir de seis meses / Objective: To evaluate the responsiveness of the functional evaluation scale for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) - domain 1: sitting and standing from the chair (FES-DMD-D1). Method: Observational, retrospective and longitudinal study with one year follow-up. A sample of 150 evaluations of sitting and rising from the chair was studied, using the FES-DMD-DATA software, from a bank of images of 30 children with DMD performing functional activities, evaluated every three months in a period of one year. FES-DMD-D1, which explores the scores of the phases of flexion, contact, extension of the activity of sitting on the chair, and of the phases of flexion, transference, extension of the activity of rising from the chair was applied by a trained physiotherapist. To evaluate the responsiveness of FES-DMD-D1 we considered the follow-up evaluations after three, six, nine and twelve months. The analysis used the effect size (ES) and standardized response mean (SRM). Results: The responsiveness of sitting on the chair was considered low to moderate in evaluations with three months intervals (ES from 0.22 to 0.49 and SRM from 0.32 to 0.54), low to moderate with six months intervals (ES from 0.50 to 0.61 and SRM from 0.41 to 0.61), low to high in nine months intervals (ES from 0.69 to 1.11 and SRM from 0.49 to 0.79) and high in the reassessment after one year (ES from 1.07 and SRM from 0.80). The responsiveness of the rising from the chair was low in three months (ES from 0.21 to 0.35 and SRM from 0.28 to 0.45), from low to high in six months (ES from 0.45 to 0.62 and SRM from 0.50 to 0.96), moderate to high in nine months (ES from 0.76 to 0.89 and SRM from 0.74 to 1.47) and high in a year (ES from 1.28 and SRM from 1.24). Conclusion: FES-DMD-D1 showed moderate to high responsiveness, gradually increasing for intervals of six, nine and twelve months. Thus, the use of FES-DMD-D1 is indicated from six months

No description available.

<p>Using a social exchange perspective I develop a relationship typology based upon an organizational member’s psychological investments, or “side bets,” in his or her organization. This study thus examines, for the first time in the employee-organization exchange relationship (EOR) literature, the combined impact of perceptions that organizational members have with respect to their perceived social and economic investments in their organization. Specifically, outcomes of four unique EOR profiles are examined: “loyalist” (high social, high economic); “altruist” (high social, low economic); “captive” (low social, high economic); “mercenary” (low social, low economic). In a matched sample of 334 working professionals (167 employees matched with their corresponding supervisors), the hypotheses of this study are largely supported. Altruists are highest in their perceptions of organizational support, followed in descending order by the loyalists, mercenaries, and captives. Also as predicted, altruists are highest in affective commitment, followed in descending order by the loyalists, captives, and mercenaries. In terms of continuance commitment, contrary to prediction, loyalists have the highest levels of continuance commitment; however, as predicted, captives have higher levels than altruists and mercenaries. Altruists, as predicted, have the highest level of OCB, followed in descending order by loyalists, mercenaries, and captives. Finally, as predicted, mercenaries have the highest level of task performance followed in descending order by altruists, loyalists, and captives. Theoretical and practical considerations of these findings are discussed.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Impairment of cognitive performance is often observed in time-on tasks. Theoretical considerations suggest that especially prefrontal cortex cognitive control functions is affected by time-on-task effects, but the role of effort/task engagement is not understood. We examine time-on-task effects in cognitive control on a neurophysiological level using a working-memory modulated response inhibition task and inter-relate prefrontal neuroanatomical region-specific theta-band activity with pupil diameter data using EEG-beamforming approaches. We show that task performance declines with time-on tasks, which was paralleled by a concomitant decreases of task-evoked superior frontal gyrus theta-band activity and a reduction in phasic pupil diameter modulations. A strong relation between cognitive control-related superior frontal theta-band activity and effort/task engagement indexed by phasic pupil diameter modulations was observed in the beginning of the experiment, especially for tasks requiring inhibitory controls and demanding high working memory. This strong relation vanished at the end of the experiment, suggesting a decoupling of cognitive control resources useable for a task and effort invested that characterizes time-on-task effects in prefrontal cortical structures.

OBJETIVO: 1- Avaliar e comparar o tempo de frenagem medido no simulador de direção virtual entre motoristas com e sem paraplegia; 2- Identificar e descrever as variáveis preditoras do tempo de frenagem no simulador de direção para os motoristas com paraplegia. METODOLOGIA: Motoristas do sexo masculino com paraplegia (n = 20 com idade média de 38,1 ± 3,6 anos) e motoristas sem paraplegia (n = 20 com idade média de 38,0 ± 5,8) com carteira de habilitação válida tiveram o tempo de frenagem medido no simulador de direção virtual. Os motoristas sem paraplegia foram avaliados com controles convencionais de pedais de freio e aceleração e os motoristas com paraplegia usaram controles manuais. O teste t de Student comparou os resultados do entre os grupos. A correlação do tempo de frenagem foi realizada com as variáveis selecionadas para o estudo nos motoristas com paraplegia. RESULTADOS: As diferenças do tempo de frenagem do simulador entre os grupos não foram estatisticamente significativas (motoristas sem paraplegia = 0,90 segundos; motoristas com paraplegia 0,92 segundos, p > 0,05). A experiência de dirigir correlaciona-se significativamente com o tempo de frenagem dos motoristas com paraplegia (r = -58, p = 0,009). Análises de regressão linear indicaram que anos de escolaridade, experiência de direção e o teste neuropsicológico MOCA (variáveis explicativas) explicaram 60,2% da resposta do tempo de frenagem do simulador de direção para os motoristas com paraplegia. CONCLUSÃO: A experiência de condução, anos de escolaridade e o teste neuropsicológico MOCA foram identificadas como preditoras do tempo de frenagem do simulador de direção para motoristas com paraplegia / Objective: (1) To identify differences in driving simulator braking time response between paraplegic and able-bodied drivers (2) To determine the contributions of age, driving experience, length of disability, handgrip strength and, neuropsychological tests, as selected factors, to driving simulator braking time response of drivers with paraplegia. Design: Two groups of male able-bodied and paraplegic drivers had their braking time response evaluated in an automatic transmission car simulator. Able-bodied drivers were tested with conventional controls and paraplegic drivers used hand controls. Drivers with paraplegia performed simple, choice and go-no-go reaction time tests as neuropsychological evaluation. Student\'s t test compared results of driving simulator braking time response between groups. Persons\' correlation verified the association between driving simulator braking time responses and selected variables of the drivers with paraplegia. Subjects: Able-bodied drivers (n=20 mean age 38.0±5.8) and paraplegic drivers (n=20 mean age 38.1±3.6) with valid driver license accepted to be part of this study. Results: Differences of simulator braking time response between groups were not statistically significant (able-bodied=0.90 seconds; paraplegic drivers 0.92 seconds, p>0.05). Driving experience significantly correlates with braking time response of the drivers with paraplegia (r= -58, p=0.009). Linear regression analyses indicated that years of education and driving experience (explanatory variables) explained 60.2% of driving simulator braking time response for the drivers with paraplegia. Conclusion: Driving experience, years of education and MOCA neuropsychological test were predictors variables of driving simulator braking time for paraplegic drivers

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-05-04T18:42:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Clayton Moraes.pdf: 1030173 bytes, checksum: 1d93c460abbbbe47ccf71647da2775b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-04T18:42:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Clayton Moraes.pdf: 1030173 bytes, checksum: 1d93c460abbbbe47ccf71647da2775b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-17 / Nenhuma / A análise dos modos de falhas e efeitos (FMEA) na área da saúde vem sendo buscada por gestores, desse segmento de prestação de serviços, como uma forma consistente de se trabalhar eventos adversos antes que os mesmos aconteçam ou tenham um impacto direto sobre a assistência dos pacientes. Um dos processos de trabalhos desses ambientes é a prática médica com órteses, próteses e materiais especiais (OPME), que acontece invariavelmente dentro de áreas críticas das instituições de saúde, podendo ser desencadeadora de riscos assistenciais aos pacientes. O processo de OPME é crítico desde a definição dos materiais indicados para a intervenção, passando pelos processos administrativos de orçamentos e autorizações, pelas ações assistenciais de solicitação, recebimento, preparo e finalizando na utilização desse insumo. Assim sendo, todo esse processo deve estar plenamente ajustado e adequado para atender as necessidades específicas de cada usuário. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar as falhas potenciais no processo de OPME através da utilização da metodologia FMEA em um hospital de grande porte de Porto Alegre . A fim de atingir esse objetivo se formou um grupo de avaliação para revisão e redefinição do fluxograma do processo de OPME e após levantamento de modos de falhas em cada etapa desse processo. Foram verificadas ao todo 16 falhas nas etapas e a partir delas, foram levantadas 19 possíveis causas para sua ocorrência, bem como oito efeitos potenciais das falhas sobre a assistência dos pacientes. Após esse levantamento o grupo classificou o índice de risco, conforme a gravidade, ocorrência e detecção de falha, para cada efeito elencado e foram levantadas ações passíveis de implementação com vistas a redução do risco assistencial representados por falhas no processo de OPME. Entende-se que esse estudo possa auxiliar instituições hospitalares na implantação de ações para redução do risco assistencial aos pacientes imputado por falhas no processo de OPME. / The failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) in heal thcare area is being sought by managers that service segment as a consistent way to work adverse events before they happen or have a direct impact on the patient care. One of these processes work environments is the medical practice with orthosis, prostheses and special materials, that happens invariably within critical areas of health institutions, can be a trigger for patient care risks. The orthosis, prostheses and special materials process is critical since definition materials indicated for the intervention, passing by the administrative processes of budgets and authorizations, care actions by request, receipt, preparation and finishing in the use of these materials. Thus, the entire process should be fully adjusted and suited to attend the specific needs of each user. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential flaws in the orthosis, prostheses and special materials process through the use of FMEA methodology. In order to achieve this goal it has formed an analysis group for review and redefinition of the flowchart of orthosis, prostheses and special materials and after survey of failure modes at each stage of that process. 16 failures in the steps were observed in all and from those, 19 were raised possible causes for their occurrence, as well as 8 potential effects of failures on the patients care. Following this survey group rated the risk index, depending on the severity, occurrence and detection of failure for each part listed effect and actions capable of implementation in order to reduce healthcare risk represented by failures in the orthosis, prostheses and special materials process were raised. It understands that this study may assist hospitals in implementing actions to reduce risk to patients care imputed by orthosis, prostheses and special materials flaws in the process.