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Concurrence et régulation : mise en œuvre et effets de politiques publiques en FranceJanin, Lionel 17 June 2011 (has links) (PDF)
La thèse porte sur l'effet de politiques publiques visant à agir sur le fonctionnement concurrentiel des marchés, en traitant une question de politique de la concurrence et une question de régulation sectorielle. La première partie de la thèse porte sur le contrôle des concentrations : elle examine tout d'abord les effets des concentrations sur les prix des biens produits, avant de rendre endogène la décision de l'autorité de concurrence. Un premier article examine si l'un des objectifs justifiant l'existence d'un contrôle de la concurrence - l'amélioration du surplus des consommateurs - est bien atteint en pratique dans le cas du contrôle des concentrations, par l'estimation empirique de l'effet des concentrations sur les prix des biens et services vendus dans les secteurs concernés, à partir de données françaises multisectorielles. Dans un deuxième article, la prise de décision d'une autorité de concurrence est examinée, par une analyse empirique des déterminants des avis du Conseil de la concurrence en matière de concentration. La seconde partie de la thèse porte sur un problème de régulation : comment les restrictions à la libre entrée sont valorisées par les acteurs présents sur le marché, du fait des profits anticipés, et quels sont les déterminants de cette valeur. Cette question est examinée dans deux situations : tout d'abord, la valorisation des fréquences du " dividende numérique ", qui sont libérées par l'extinction de la diffusion analogique de la télévision ; ensuite, la valeur d'une licence de taxi, dont l'élasticité au nombre de licences attribuées est estimée.
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'Taxing Taxis’—Limits and Possibilities for Regulating Tax Compliance Behaviours of Taxi-Drivers: An Australian Case StudyMaarten Rothengatter Unknown Date (has links)
Abstract This thesis is both an empirical and theoretical contribution to the study of tax-compliance by taxi-operators and drivers. The exploratory case-study adopts a critical sociological perspective in assessing the limits of both the currently dominant academic literature and the industry-specific legislation on tax conformity, including the most recent strategies and explicit tax-compliance measures from the Australian Tax Office (ATO) with regard to Australian cab-drivers. The core premise of this thesis is that the social and economic activities (both legal and illicit) of cab-drivers are embedded within unique networks of social relations. The study utilises focus-group interviews to explore cabbies’ views on taxation, their perceptions of fairness and trust, and to elucidate how individual taxi-workers justify circumvention of Australian tax laws and regulatory measures in their actual work-practices. This exploration is achieved by analysing the verbal accounts and conversations among cab-drivers that involve their guilt-free justifications for non-compliance. The analysis presents further insights into their “vocabulary of motives” and “aligning actions” vis-à-vis non-compliant tax behaviour. The respondents’ views and perceptions about trust, and distributive and procedural justice, are compared and contrasted against the tax-regulator’s views and the ATO’s current enforcement measures. This study is semi-grounded and qualitative in approach, and is a first contribution to a field of inquiry that appears to be dominated by quantitatively-oriented criminological and social-psychological approaches. In contrast, the case-study presents a sociologically-inspired inquiry, by emphasising that cab-drivers are subjected to a multitude of structural arrangements and social control mechanisms, which influence their attitudes and actions with regard to non-compliance. Moreover, current regulatory initiatives towards diminishing non-compliance in the taxi-industry tend to neglect the concept of “mixed-embeddedness” and the inter-relatedness between tax rules, concomitant enforcement practices, and the nation’s broader legislative framework. The state’s regulation of tax-compliance behaviour of taxi-drivers cannot strictly be detached from other laws and regulatory measures in areas such as taxi-cab licensing, occupational health & safety (OH&S) or industrial & workplace relations, which affect every taxi-operator and contracted driver, albeit in different ways. A social-action approach that grasps more comprehensively the rich contexts and complexities involved in the informal behaviours of cabbies may be regarded as an additional and powerful information tool in the governance of modern taxation systems. The study will demonstrate how serious tensions and contradictory forces arise when tax regulators attempt to enforce a National Compliance Model which is, of itself, inherently mal-integrated and underpinned typically by a bureaucratic ‘one-size-fits-all’ enforcement approach in regard to local networks of taxi-drivers. It will be argued that legislative changes to the (legal) employment status of Australian taxi-drivers may produce a far more expedient and cost-effective way for curtailing the enduring and deeply imbued tax non-compliant modus operandi within this particular sector of Australia’s transport-services industry.
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The narcissistic masculinity of Travis Bickle : American "Reality" in Martin Scorsese's Taxi DriverPauw, Waldemar 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA (English))—University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / In this thesis, I examine the way in which Martin Scorsese’s 1976 film Taxi Driver can be read as a critical investigation of post-World War II American masculinity. Drawing on Susan Faludi’s arguments regarding the post-World War II American ‘masculinity crisis’, I highlight specifically how Taxi Driver addresses American masculinity in the context of ideals of heroism, of the myth of the Wild West, of the Vietnam era, and of the increasingly influential role that the popular media play in shaping conceptions of masculinity. In the process I indicate that Taxi Driver exposes, and critiques, an association in modern American society between masculinity and what analysts have termed the ‘myth of regeneration through violence’.
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Identificação e análise de fontes de resiliência e fragilidade em empresas de táxi aéreo: estudo de múltiplos casosCarim Júnior, Guido Cesar January 2010 (has links)
A Engenharia de Resiliência (ER) é um novo paradigma para gestão da segurança o qual, apesar de possuir uma fraca estrutura teórica, vem sendo aplicado em diversos setores. Neste contexto, este trabalho tem como objetivo a identificação de fontes de fragilidade e resiliência em empresas de táxi aéreo. Para essa identificação foram utilizados os seguintes princípios da ER: flexibilidade, consciência, aprendizagem e comprometimento da alta direção. O estudo de caso foi à estratégia de pesquisa adotada, tendo sido investigadas duas empresas de táxi aéreo de pequeno porte. O método de pesquisa envolveu as seguintes etapas: (a) caracterização da empresa sob a perspectiva de três subsistemas que compõem seu sistema sócio-técnico (social, técnico e organização do trabalho); (b) identificação dos constrangimentos e adaptações dos funcionários no desempenho de suas atividades; (c) identificação das fontes de fragilidade e resiliência a partir dos 4 princípios da ER, desdobradas em evidências empíricas conforme a literatura Os resultados mostram que 11 fontes estavam relacionadas à fragilidade da empresa A e 6 da empresa B. Da mesma forma, identificou-se 9 fontes de resiliência na empresa A e na empresa A. Em particular, o objetivo primário da empresa (lucro, no caso de uma das empresas; servir aos proprietários, no caso da outra empresa) revelou-se como uma fonte comum a todas as fontes de resiliência ou fragilidade e quase todas as fontes de resiliência constituíram de ações isoladas dos operadores, revelando a emergência dessas fontes na organização informal das empresas. / Resilience Engineering (RE) is a new safety management paradigm which, in spit of its weak theoretical structure, has been applied in many domains. In this context, this research has a main objective of identifying sources of brittleness and resilience on air taxi carriers. To accomplish this objective, this work used as base the following RE principles: flexibility, conscious, learning, top management commitment. Case study was the research strategy used, which investigated two small air taxi carriers. Research method involved the following steps: (a) air taxi carrier characterization from the tree subsystems that compose socio-technical system (social, technical, work system); (b) employees constraints and adaptations identification during the job; (c) brittleness and resilience source identification from 4 RE principles, unfolded in empirical evidences according to literature. The results show that 11 sources were related to brittleness at company A and 6 at company B. At the same way, 9 sources of resilience were identified at company A and company B. In particular, the main air taxi carrier objective (to profit, in of one them; to serve, to another one) appeared as a common to all sources of brittleness and resiliencies and almost all sources of resilience were constituted of isolated action from operators, revealing resilience source emergence from companies informal organization.
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Identificação e análise de fontes de resiliência e fragilidade em empresas de táxi aéreo: estudo de múltiplos casosCarim Júnior, Guido Cesar January 2010 (has links)
A Engenharia de Resiliência (ER) é um novo paradigma para gestão da segurança o qual, apesar de possuir uma fraca estrutura teórica, vem sendo aplicado em diversos setores. Neste contexto, este trabalho tem como objetivo a identificação de fontes de fragilidade e resiliência em empresas de táxi aéreo. Para essa identificação foram utilizados os seguintes princípios da ER: flexibilidade, consciência, aprendizagem e comprometimento da alta direção. O estudo de caso foi à estratégia de pesquisa adotada, tendo sido investigadas duas empresas de táxi aéreo de pequeno porte. O método de pesquisa envolveu as seguintes etapas: (a) caracterização da empresa sob a perspectiva de três subsistemas que compõem seu sistema sócio-técnico (social, técnico e organização do trabalho); (b) identificação dos constrangimentos e adaptações dos funcionários no desempenho de suas atividades; (c) identificação das fontes de fragilidade e resiliência a partir dos 4 princípios da ER, desdobradas em evidências empíricas conforme a literatura Os resultados mostram que 11 fontes estavam relacionadas à fragilidade da empresa A e 6 da empresa B. Da mesma forma, identificou-se 9 fontes de resiliência na empresa A e na empresa A. Em particular, o objetivo primário da empresa (lucro, no caso de uma das empresas; servir aos proprietários, no caso da outra empresa) revelou-se como uma fonte comum a todas as fontes de resiliência ou fragilidade e quase todas as fontes de resiliência constituíram de ações isoladas dos operadores, revelando a emergência dessas fontes na organização informal das empresas. / Resilience Engineering (RE) is a new safety management paradigm which, in spit of its weak theoretical structure, has been applied in many domains. In this context, this research has a main objective of identifying sources of brittleness and resilience on air taxi carriers. To accomplish this objective, this work used as base the following RE principles: flexibility, conscious, learning, top management commitment. Case study was the research strategy used, which investigated two small air taxi carriers. Research method involved the following steps: (a) air taxi carrier characterization from the tree subsystems that compose socio-technical system (social, technical, work system); (b) employees constraints and adaptations identification during the job; (c) brittleness and resilience source identification from 4 RE principles, unfolded in empirical evidences according to literature. The results show that 11 sources were related to brittleness at company A and 6 at company B. At the same way, 9 sources of resilience were identified at company A and company B. In particular, the main air taxi carrier objective (to profit, in of one them; to serve, to another one) appeared as a common to all sources of brittleness and resiliencies and almost all sources of resilience were constituted of isolated action from operators, revealing resilience source emergence from companies informal organization.
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Identificação e análise de fontes de resiliência e fragilidade em empresas de táxi aéreo: estudo de múltiplos casosCarim Júnior, Guido Cesar January 2010 (has links)
A Engenharia de Resiliência (ER) é um novo paradigma para gestão da segurança o qual, apesar de possuir uma fraca estrutura teórica, vem sendo aplicado em diversos setores. Neste contexto, este trabalho tem como objetivo a identificação de fontes de fragilidade e resiliência em empresas de táxi aéreo. Para essa identificação foram utilizados os seguintes princípios da ER: flexibilidade, consciência, aprendizagem e comprometimento da alta direção. O estudo de caso foi à estratégia de pesquisa adotada, tendo sido investigadas duas empresas de táxi aéreo de pequeno porte. O método de pesquisa envolveu as seguintes etapas: (a) caracterização da empresa sob a perspectiva de três subsistemas que compõem seu sistema sócio-técnico (social, técnico e organização do trabalho); (b) identificação dos constrangimentos e adaptações dos funcionários no desempenho de suas atividades; (c) identificação das fontes de fragilidade e resiliência a partir dos 4 princípios da ER, desdobradas em evidências empíricas conforme a literatura Os resultados mostram que 11 fontes estavam relacionadas à fragilidade da empresa A e 6 da empresa B. Da mesma forma, identificou-se 9 fontes de resiliência na empresa A e na empresa A. Em particular, o objetivo primário da empresa (lucro, no caso de uma das empresas; servir aos proprietários, no caso da outra empresa) revelou-se como uma fonte comum a todas as fontes de resiliência ou fragilidade e quase todas as fontes de resiliência constituíram de ações isoladas dos operadores, revelando a emergência dessas fontes na organização informal das empresas. / Resilience Engineering (RE) is a new safety management paradigm which, in spit of its weak theoretical structure, has been applied in many domains. In this context, this research has a main objective of identifying sources of brittleness and resilience on air taxi carriers. To accomplish this objective, this work used as base the following RE principles: flexibility, conscious, learning, top management commitment. Case study was the research strategy used, which investigated two small air taxi carriers. Research method involved the following steps: (a) air taxi carrier characterization from the tree subsystems that compose socio-technical system (social, technical, work system); (b) employees constraints and adaptations identification during the job; (c) brittleness and resilience source identification from 4 RE principles, unfolded in empirical evidences according to literature. The results show that 11 sources were related to brittleness at company A and 6 at company B. At the same way, 9 sources of resilience were identified at company A and company B. In particular, the main air taxi carrier objective (to profit, in of one them; to serve, to another one) appeared as a common to all sources of brittleness and resiliencies and almost all sources of resilience were constituted of isolated action from operators, revealing resilience source emergence from companies informal organization.
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Interactive visualization of taxi data using heatmapsTörnqvist, Albin January 2016 (has links)
This master thesis report presents the development of a geographical visualization system using taxi data. The system uses a large data base from a taxi company that have previously never used the data for visualization purposes. The taxi company requested a system that processes the data on a server on demand and visualizes it on a web client using heat map visualization as a primary visualization technique. The web client was supposed to be easy to use, provide deeper knowledge about the business of a taxi company and at the same time kept interactive with low latency for data requests. A big part of the thesis focuses on techniques for decimating an original data set to a smaller representational data set to be used for heat map visualization and sent to a web client from a server. The project continues by optimizing the system to keep latency to a minimum and finally developing a web client to explore the data. The result is a system with promising latency that is easy to use for exploring data and gaining a deeper knowledge about a taxi business.
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Analýza a návrh nových funkcionalít v inovačnom procese firmy / Analyzation and proposal of the new features in order to enhance the competitiveness of the companyCsörgöová, Edina January 2017 (has links)
The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and propose new features in order to enhance the competitiveness of the company. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part focuses on theoretical framework such as innovation, innovation process and process management. The second part is based on the analysis of the companie s competitors and SWOT analysis. Based on the results of these analysis, the thesis further investigates the companys opportunities. Data for this research were gathered from analysis, surveys, phone and personal interviews Specific innovative steps are suggested by using the results of this research. These steps are measured through balance scorecard and then the implementation steps are described together with process models based on BPMN. The results reveal recommendation for future growth of the company.
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Es war einmalSeidl, Carolin 11 August 2009 (has links)
No description available.
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Short-Term Forecasting of Taxi Demand using a two Channelled Convolutional LSTM network / Korttidsprognos av taxiefterfrågan med ett tvåkanaligt faltningsLSTM-nätverkSilfver, Anton January 2019 (has links)
In this thesis a model capable of predicting taxidemand with high accuracy across five different real world single company datasets is presented. The model uses historical drop off and arrival information to make accurate shortterm predictions about future taxi demand. The model is compared to and outperforms both LSTM and statistical baselines. This thesis uniquely uses a different tessellation strategy which makes the results directly applicable to smaller taxi companies. This paper shows that accurate short term predictions of taxi demand can be made using real world data available to taxi companies. MSE is also shown to be a more robust to uneven demand distributions across cities than MAE. Adding drop offs to the input had provided only marginal improvements in the performance of the model.
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