Estudia el significado del concepto de reconocimiento en Charles Taylor, además de establecer cuál es la relación entre reconocimiento e identidad. Determina, además, cuán justas son las observaciones de Honneth, Fraser y Ricoeur a la concepción del reconocimiento de Taylor.

The flow behaviour of liquid metals (Sn, Pb and Sn-Pb eutectic) under different shearing conditions is investigated. Experiments were performed with two designs of concentric cylinder viscometers: rotating the inner cylinder (Searle) and rotating the outer cylinder (Couette). The latter technique is uncommon and the equipment was optimised with standard oils. The flow behaviour for the metals differs in the two systems. The curves of 'apparent' viscosity versus shear rate may be divided into two regimes: I. At lower shear rates (<200 s-1): a reduction of 'apparent' viscosity with shear was observed with both viscometers. It is suggested that the high density and high surface tension of the metals and eccentricity between the cylinders at low shear rates, leads to instabilities. Results at low shear rates were therefore discarded and further detailed analysis would be required for a fuller understanding of this behaviour. II. At higher shear rates: a steady, shear-independent behaviour of 'apparent' viscosity with shear rate is observed in the Couette system (upto 600 s-1) whereas in the Searle system the 'apparent' viscosity increases with shear rate (upto 2600 s-1). From hydrodynamic theory about Newtonian fluids, it is suggested that in the Searle type viscometer, the fluid is unstable and Taylor vortices are expected at low shear rates (~80 s-1). This gives rise to an increase in the 'apparent' viscosity with shear rate. Whereas, in the Couette type, the flow is more stable, resulting in a steady 'apparent' viscosity. This interpretation is consistent with liquid metals behaving as Newtonian fluids, but further research is required to confirm this. The author suggests further experiments, with the prime one being the investigation of the fluid with counter and co-rotation of the cylinders in order to observe more complex flows. The results are expected to have implications in the modelling of flow for liquid metal processes, especially the initiation of Taylor vortices under the unstable flow conditions produced by rotating the inner cylinder.

The purpose of this paper has been to investigate the monetary policy in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), in terms of a Taylor rule based approach to their use of their interest rate. The evaluation of the different rules was based on both in-sample and out-of-sample forecast errors. Few significant or consistent influences from the variables proposed by the rules can be established, which might suggest that the bank operates primarily under a discretionary framework rather than a rule. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the European Central Bank interest rate (ECB-rate) does not exclusively drive the Central Bank of West African States interest rate (BCEAO-rate), which suggests that they indeed do retain some independence of monetary policy to respond to domestic variables as proposed by earlier research, despite having a fixed exchange rate. These results put into question the credibility of the BCEAO in attaining their stated primary goal of price stability, as there seems to be no significant or consistent response to it in the setting of their interest rate, despite a suggested ability to react to it. This can be the cause of the current high volatility of inflation in the area and give rise to future volatility and instability as well.

Thesis advisor: Brian D. Robinette / This project attempts to respond to Charles Taylor's invitation, made in A Secular Age, for "new and unprecedented itineraries" capable of guiding seekers toward an encounter with God. Today, many Westerners find belief in God difficult if not impossible. This essay begins with an overview of Taylor's secularization narrative and explores the causes and pressures that have made belief in the Transcendent problematic. To respond to Taylor's summons for new itineraries, I turn in Chapters 2-4 to the work of philosopher William Desmond. After introducing readers to Desmond and locating him on a landscape dominated by phenomenologists, I introduce Desmond's metaphysical philosophy and argue that this his thought can be approached as a form of spiritual exercise capable of reawakening a sense of the Transcendent. In Chapters 3 and 4 I engage the work of Pierre Hadot to show how Desmond's philosophy can work to transform the way one perceives the world. Read within this framework, I believe Desmond's metaxological metaphysics provides a series of spiritual exercises needed in an increasingly secular age. Read in this light, metaxology becomes less a philosophy about which one must be informed than a philosophy capable of forming readers to perceive reality anew. In Chapter 5, I draw out some of the theological implications for this interpretation of Desmond's work. In the conclusion, I survey the project and indicate what I consider to be the theological achievement of Desmond's project and potential openings for future engagement with his work. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2018. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Theology.

The two-phase flow displacement of a viscous fluid by a less viscous one in a confined environment leads to a viscous fingering instability commonly encountered in natural systems, for example, in flows through porous media or pulmonary airways. The classical study of viscous fingering has been conducted in rectangular channels of high aspect ratio (large channel width/height), known as Hele-Shaw channels where a unique, steady symmetric, semi-infinite bubble (finger) emerges. In this Journal Format thesis, the propagation of semi-infinite (open) and finite (closed) air bubbles is considered in Hele-Shaw channels where thin, axially-uniform occlusions are introduced. This configuration is known to generate symmetric, asymmetric and oscillatory modes with complex interactions and rich behaviour. Numerical results of finger propagation using a depth-averaged model in these constricted channels are found to be in quantitative agreement with experimental results once the aspect ratio reaches a value of $\alpha\geq40$ and capillary numbers below $Ca\leq 0.012$. The same evolution of the bifurcation scenario between multiple modes is found, however, it occurs for decreasing values of occlusion height as the value of aspect ratio is increased that the system exhibits sensitivity to small but finite depth-variations. The numerical simulations reveal multiple-tipped unstable symmetric solutions which interact with the single symmetric mode at vanishing occlusion heights resulting in stabilisation of the asymmetric and oscillatory modes. Moreover, deviations from the single symmetric mode are predicted when depth-variations of order of the roughness of the channel walls ($\sim 1$ $\mu$m) are introduced for larger aspect ratios of $\alpha\geq 155$. The propagation of finite bubbles is studied in a channel with constant aspect ratio of $\alpha=30$ and where the height of the occlusion, termed rail, is $1/40$ of the channel height. For bubble diameters of the order of the rail width, a tongue-shaped stability boundary for symmetric (on-rail) propagation is encountered so that for flow rates marginally larger than a critical value, a narrow band of bubble sizes can propagate (stably) over the rail while bubbles of other sizes segregate to the side of the rail. The numerical depth-averaged model is adapted for bubble propagation and captures in qualitative agreement the experimental observations. Time-dependent calculations are additionally performed, showing that on-rail bubble propagation is the result of a non-trivial dynamical interaction between capillary and viscous forces.

The present study was trying to analyze if the practice of the recent brazilian monetary policy could be explained by the Taylorâs Rule, that recommends a target for the basic interest rate of the economy based on four factors: the current inflation rate; the equilibrium real interest rate; an inflation gap adjustment factor based on the gap between the inflation rate and one given target for inflation; and an output gap adjustment factor based on the gap between the real output and the potential real output. The studied period was from 1995/07 to 2003/12, and the three following analyses were established: a) on Level I â on this analysis were verified the relation between the series of the effective levels of the Selic Interesting rate, and series of this rate purposed by Taylor-type rules quite close to the original proposal; b) Dynamics â on this second analysis were estimated equations based on a Dynamic Model of the Taylorâs Rule, and verified the power of explanation, of those to the effective variations on the Selic rate; and c) on Level II â on this last analysis were estimated equations based on Taylorâs structure, and were verified the explanation power, of those to the effective level of the Selic rate. The results of the referred analyses point to an Idea that Taylorâs Rule, in spite of treating of a simple rule of monetary politics, would have in its scope important elements to explain the Brazilian Monetary Policy on the analyzed period. / Este estudo buscou analisar se a prÃtica da recente polÃtica monetÃria brasileira poderia ser explicada pela Regra de Taylor, que recomenda uma meta, para a taxa de juros bÃsica da economia, baseada em quatro fatores: a taxa de inflaÃÃo corrente; a taxa de juros real de equilÃbrio; um fator de ajuste do desvio da inflaÃÃo, baseado na diferenÃa entre a taxa de inflaÃÃo e a meta para inflaÃÃo; e um fator de ajuste do desvio do produto, baseado na diferenÃa entre o produto real e o produto real potencial. O PerÃodo observado foi de 1995/07 a 2003/12, e foram estabelecidas as trÃs seguintes anÃlises : a) Em NÃvel I â verificaram-se as relaÃÃes entre sÃries dos nÃveis efetivos da Selic e sÃries dessa Taxa sugerida por regras do tipo Taylor bem prÃximas da proposiÃÃo original; b) DinÃmica- estimaram-se equaÃÃes com base em um modelo DinÃmico da Regra de Taylor e verificou-se o poder de explicaÃÃo dessas quanto Ãs variaÃÃes efetivas da Taxa Selic; e c) Em NÃvel II- estimaram-se equaÃÃes com base na estrutura de Taylor e verificou-se o poder de explicaÃÃo dessas quanto aos nÃveis efetivos da Taxa Selic. Os resultados apontam para a idÃia de que a Regra de Taylor, apesar de tratar-se de uma regra simples de polÃtica monetÃria, teria, em seu escopo, elementos importantes para explicar a polÃtica monetÃria brasileira no perÃodo analisado.

Revisions to secularization theory over the past two decades call for reconceptualization of the relation between race and secularity. Structural theories— depicting secularization as the linear, straightforward decline of religion in modernity— commonly explain the tenacity of African-American religiosity as resulting from their marginalization in modern society, a product of educational and economic disparities. However, recent theories address the secular as a historically contingent, incidental phenomenon, what has been called an "accomplishment"; it merits substantive study in itself, carrying the distinct values, beliefs, and understandings of a particular social history. This new framework invites analysis of the racial assumptions embodied in mainstream US secularity as explanation for blacks' religiosity, rather than citing their structural exclusion alone. This research attempts such through ethnographic analysis of black and white young adults' discussion of their religious and spiritual identities, using interviews conducted in Wave 4 of the National Study of Youth and Religion. Finding that most white young adults pursue autonomy from family and community as means of establishing credible identity, and that most black young adults facilitate identity by showing fidelity to them, I argue that these differences demonstrate racialized understandings of human agency, personhood, and social structure that vividly persist in the 21st century United States. Yet those of white young adults are typically treated as normative both in sociological discussions of secularity as well as in broader Western culture, with costly political consequences.

Tese de mestrado. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 1998

Les maladies pulmonaires obstructives touchent aujourd'hui plusieurs millions de personnes dans le monde. Ces maladies se manifestent par l'accumulation d'un liquide appelé mucus dans les poumons, pouvant aboutir, lorsqu’elle est trop importante, à la formation de ponts liquides entravant la circulation de l’air. Les voies pulmonaires peuvent néanmoins se rouvrir via la rupture de ces ponts liquides. Ces réouvertures peuvent résulter du cycle respiratoire, d’écoulements plus violents provoqués par le mécanisme de toux ou encore nécessiter des séances de kinésithérapie respiratoire pour les malades atteints de bronchites chroniques ou de mucoviscidose. Dans cette thèse nous nous sommes intéressés à la rupture de ponts liquides engendrée par un cycle de respiration ou via un forçage unidirectionnel d’intensité suffisante. En particulier nous avons caractérisé expérimentalement et théoriquement les pressions critiques nécessaires pour rouvrir des voies obstruées. Nous avons aussi étudié les derniers instants de vie d’un pont liquide et mis en évidence à la fois expérimentalement et numériquement différents régimes de rupture. A forte vitesse, cette rupture est obtenue via l’atomisation du liquide, c’est à dire la formation de gouttelettes qui pourraient correspondre aux éjectas lors de la toux. Enfin nous nous sommes intéressés à un problème plus éloigné des poumons mais néanmoins fondamental en microfluidique : la dynamique de ponts liquides sur des surfaces partiellement mouillantes. Nous avons montré qu’au-dessus d’un certain seuil en vitesse, le déplacement d’un simple doigt de liquide à débit constant aboutit à la formation d’un train de bulles et de ponts liquides calibrés. / Obstructive pulmonary disease now affects several million people worldwide. These diseases are manifested by the accumulation of a liquid called mucus in the lungs which, when too large, can lead to the formation of liquid plugs which impede air circulation Pulmonary pathways can nevertheless reopen via the rupture of these liquid plugs. These reopenings may result from the respiratory cycle, more violent outflows caused by the cough mechanism or require respiratory physiotherapy sessions for patients with chronic bronchitis or cystic fibrosis. In this thesis we were interested in the rupture of liquid plugs generated by a breathing cycle or by a unidirectional forcing of sufficient intensity. In particular, we have experimentally and theoretically characterized the critical pressures necessary to reopen obstructed pathways. We also studied the last moments of life of a liquid plug and demonstrated both experimentally and numerically different regimes of rupture. At high velocity, this rupture is obtained via the atomization of the liquid, ie the formation of droplets that could correspond to the ejections during the cough. Finally, we were interested in a problem more distant from lungs but nevertheless fundamental in microfluidics: the dynamics of liquid plugs on partially wet surfaces. We have shown that above a certain velocity threshold, the displacement of a single liquid finger at constant flow results in the formation of a train of calibrated bubbles and liquid plugs.

Cette thèse présente les résultats d'une étude expérimentale et théorique sur la stabilité non-linéaire des écoulements hydrodynamiques en rotation différentielle. Une analyse de mesures antérieures à ce travail effectuées dans des expériences de laboratoire de type Couette-Taylor nous a permis de dériver un critère de stabilité ainsi qu'une prescription du type viscosité turbulente pour le transport du moment cinétique. L'étude expérimentale complémentaire que nous avons menée nous a permis de mettre en évidence des régimes de rotation instables vis à vis de perturbations aux amplitudes finies, qui demeuraient jusqu'a maintenant inexplorés. Nous présentons également quelques propriétés des écoulements moyens turbulents ainsi que des fluctuations de vitesse, en particulier leur évolution en fonction du nombre de Reynolds. Par des arguments physiques simples, nous dérivons des paramètres de stabilité, des lois d'évolution des fluctuations turbulentes, ainsi qu'une expression de la viscosité turbulente compatible avec notre première prescription. Finalement, nous concluons par une application de cette viscosité à un modèle simple de disques d'accrétion.