Posterbeitrag, welcher das Datenmanagement im Rahmen eines geplanten Transregios zwischen der Universität Leipzig, der TU Chemnitz und des Leibniz Instituts für Oberflächenmodifizierung skizziert.

Die Professur für Innovationsforschung und Technologiemanagement der Technischen Universität Chemnitz freut sich die zweite Auflage des Posterbands zum Thema „Ökologische, ökonomische und soziale Nachhaltigkeit an der TU Chemnitz“ vorlegen zu können. Beteiligten sich 2015 elf Akteure an unserem Aufruf zur Einreichung eines Posters und Abstracts, sind es 2017 zehn Akteure, wobei zwei Akteure (Professur Innovationsforschung und Technologiemanagement sowie NATUC, das Referat für Ökologie und Nachhaltigkeit des StuRa der TU Chemnitz) aktualisierte Beiträge eingereicht haben. Somit können wir nun Aktivitäten im Bereich der Nachhaltigkeit von 19 Akteuren der TU Chemnitz in diesem aktualisierten Band präsentieren. Die vorgestellten Aktivitäten werden dabei von verschiedenen Professuren, Forschungsbereichen, administrativen Einheiten und studentischen Initiativen durchgeführt oder beziehen sich auf Forschungsprojekte und Bildungsveranstaltungen. Die Vorstellung der einzelnen Aktivitäten in diesem Band erfolgt alphabetisch nach den Akteuren. Unsere Intention für den ersten Band 2015 war die Erhebung und Analyse von nachhaltigen Aktivitäten verschiedener Akteure der TU Chemnitz im Rahmen eines studentischen Forschungsprojektes. Ziel der Analyse war es u.a. die mögliche Implementierung eines/einer Nachhaltigkeitsbeauftragten an der TU Chemnitz zu untersuchen und potentielle Tätigkeitsbereiche zu beschreiben. Neben dieser ersten Intention war aber auch die Kooperation mit der studentischen Initiative NATUC ein wichtiger Faktor, um zu zeigen, dass auch Akteure aus Lehre, Forschung und Administration der TU Chemnitz Engagement in Bezug auf Nachhaltigkeit zeigen. Die in diesem Band vorgestellten Poster von 2017 wurden im Rahmen des „Go Next!“ Tages der Nachhaltigkeit, eine Kooperation der NATUC sowie des Studentenwerkes Chemnitz-Zwickau, am 22. Juni 2017 in der Mensa der TU Chemnitz präsentiert. Leitfragen bei der Postererstellung waren wie auch schon 2015 „Welche Maßnahmen und Projekte setzen Sie als Akteur im Rahmen der ökologischen, ökonomischen und sozialen Nachhaltigkeit um?“ und „Welche Definition bzw. Konzept oder Leitbild von Nachhaltigkeit legen Sie diesen Maßnahmen und Projekten zugrunde?“. Ein Abstract bot den einzelnen Akteuren dann noch mal die Gelegenheit die einzelnen Aktivitäten detaillierter darzustellen. Der „Go Next!“ Tag der Nachhaltigkeit findet jährlich im Juni statt. Wir an der Professur für Innovationsforschung und Technologiemanagement haben uns entschieden in einem zweijährigen Rhythmus zur Einreichung von Postern und Abstracts zum „Go Next!“ Tag der Nachhaltigkeit aufzurufen, da wir hoffen dann auch vermehrt aktualisierte Beiträge präsentieren zu können. Was hat sich nun an der TU Chemnitz in Bezug auf Nachhaltigkeit getan seit 2015? Als ein erstes Ergebnis würden wir als Professur für Innovationsforschung und Technologiemanagement eine verbesserte Vernetzung in Bezug auf Nachhaltigkeit an der TU Chemnitz konstatieren. So sind wir als Professur mit anderen treibenden Kräften in Kontakt gekommen und konnten an einzelnen Initiativen partizipieren. Zu nennen wäre der von der Professur Politische Theorie und Ideengeschichte (vertreten durch Dr. Sebastian Liebold) und der Sächsischen Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Gesellschaft initiierte „Tag der Nachhaltigkeit“ am 2. Juni 2016 oder die von der NATUC 2015 gestartete Initiative, die TU Chemnitz als Fairtrade-University von TransFair, Verein zur Förderung des Fairen Handels mit der „Einen Welt“ e.V., auszeichnen zu lassen. Ebenfalls haben wir uns mit der NATUC, dem Netzwerk N sowie der Professur Politische Theorie und Ideengeschichte in einem Arbeitskreis getroffen um die Implementierung von Nachhaltigkeit als Institution an der TU Chemnitz voranzutreiben. In Bezug auf die Institutionalisierung ist seitdem leider nicht viel mehr geschehen. Hier offenbart sich wieder, dass das Thema Nachhaltigkeit viel (freiwilliges) Engagement verschiedener Akteure erfordert. Daher hoffen wir, dass die Akteure der TU Chemnitz weiterhin in Bezug auf Nachhaltigkeit aktiv bleiben und wir die Vernetzung weiter vorantreiben können. Wir wollen uns auch noch einmal bei allen Akteuren bedanken, die sich an unserem Band „Ökologische, ökonomische und soziale Nachhaltigkeit an der TU Chemnitz“ mit Beiträgen beteiligt haben. Besonderer Dank geht auch noch einmal an die NATUC, die uns zum einen bei der Initiierung des Posterbandes halfen und zum anderen durch Ihr Engagement die Möglichkeit boten, die Poster am „Go Next!“ Tag der Nachhaltigkeit zu präsentieren.:Grußwort zur zweiten Auflage 2017 S. 1 Vorwort zur ersten Auflage 2015 S. 2 Kritik zur ersten Auflage 2015 S. 3 Einleitung S. 4 Professur Betriebliche Umweltökonomie 2017 S. 6 Forschungsbereich Biopolymere und Naturfaserverbunde 2015 S. 8 Forschungsprojekt ECoMobility 2017 S. 12 Professur Energie und Hochspannungstechnik 2015 S. 15 Professur Innovationsforschung und Technologiemanagement 2017, aktualisiert S. 19 Forschungsprojekt JointExpertise 2017 S. 22 Professur Makroökonomie 2017 S. 25 Bundesexzellenzcluster MERGE 2015 S. 28 Professur Nachrichtentechnik 2015 S. 31 Referat NATUC 2017, aktualisiert S. 34 Professur Personal und Führung 2015 S. 37 Professur Praktische Informatik 2017 S. 41 Professur Privatrecht und Recht des geistigen Eigentums 2015 S. 44 Forschungsprojekt Reflexiver Ressourceneinsatz als Tätigkeit 2017 S. 48 Gründernetzwerk SAXEED 2015 S. 50 Studentenwerk 2015 S. 54 Sustainable Textile School 2017 S. 58 Universitätsbibliothek 2015 S. 61 Forschungsprojekt Urban Sustainability 2017 S. 65

Background: In many European countries including Germany, migrants utilize preventive services less frequently than the majority population. This is also true for the utilization of dental checkups. Little is known about which demographic, social, behavioral, and health-related factors influence the decision of migrants to seek preventive dental health care and how these factors differ from those in non-migrants. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of these factors among migrants and non-migrants residing in Germany. Methods: Data from cross-sectional national health surveys are used, providing information on preventive dental health behavior from n = 41,220 individuals, of which 15.0% are migrants. Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Services Use is the conceptual framework of the investigation. Multiple logistic regression models were applied to examine the role of different predisposing and enabling factors. Interaction terms were included in order to examine whether determinants differ between migrants and non-migrants. Average marginal effects (AMEs) are reported in addition to odds ratios (ORs) as measures of effect size which are robust against bias arising from unobserved heterogeneity. Results: Migrants are at an about 36% lower chance of utilizing regular dental checkups than non-migrants [OR = 0.64 (95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 0.61, 0.68); AME = −0.081 (95% CI = −0.093, −0.069)]. Differences are partly explained by the influence of demographic, social, behavioral, and health-related factors [adjusted OR = 0.69 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.73); AME = −0.065 (95% CI = −0.076, −0.053)]. Younger age, being male, lower socioeconomic status, a non-statutory health insurance, not living in a relationship, living in the Western part of Germany and in an urban setting, and poor limited social support were associated with a lower chance of utilizing regular dental checkups. Interaction effects could be observed for age and for the type of health insurance. Discussion: The study identifies different enabling and predisposing factors that are relevant for the utilization of dental checkups among the population in Germany, some of which differ between migrants and non-migrants. Differences are particularly pronounced for younger ages. This differs from findings on other preventive services where older migrants tend to be more disadvantaged. Additional explanatory factors such as barriers that migrants experience in the dental health care system need to be considered in order to implement patient-oriented services and to reduce disparities in access to dental prevention.

Der Technologieband des Universitätsrechenzentrums der TU Chemnitz fasst die Schwerpunkte und Projekte der Geschäftsjahre 2016 und 2017 zusammen und stellt das Diensteangebot des Rechenzentrums näher vor.

How do robots learn to perform motor tasks in a specific condition and apply what they have learned in a new condition? This paper proposes a framework for motor coordination acquisition of a robot drawing straight lines within a part of the workspace. Then, it addresses transferring the acquired coordination into another area of the workspace while performing the same task. Motor patterns are generated by a Central Pattern Generator (CPG) model. The motor coordination for a given task is acquired by using a multi-objective optimization method that adjusts the CPGs' parameters involved in the coordination. To transfer the acquired motor coordination to the whole workspace we employed (1) a Self-Organizing Map that represents the end-effector coordination in the Cartesian space, and (2) an estimation method based on Inverse Distance Weighting that estimates the motor program parameters for each SOM neuron. After learning, the robot generalizes the acquired motor program along the SOM network. It is able therefore to draw lines from any point in the 2D workspace and with different orientations. Aside from the obvious distinctiveness of the proposed framework from those based on inverse kinematics typically leading to a point-to-point drawing, our approach also permits of transferring the motor program throughout the workspace.

Effect sizes are the currency of psychological research. They quantify the results of a study to answer the research question and are used to calculate statistical power. The interpretation of effect sizes—when is an effect small, medium, or large?—has been guided by the recommendations Jacob Cohen gave in his pioneering writings starting in 1962: Either compare an effect with the effects found in past research or use certain conventional benchmarks. The present analysis shows that neither of these recommendations is currently applicable. From past publications without pre-registration, 900 effects were randomly drawn and compared with 93 effects from publications with pre-registration, revealing a large difference: Effects from the former (median r = 0.36) were much larger than effects from the latter (median r = 0.16). That is, certain biases, such as publication bias or questionable research practices, have caused a dramatic inflation in published effects, making it difficult to compare an actual effect with the real population effects (as these are unknown). In addition, there were very large differences in the mean effects between psychological sub-disciplines and between different study designs, making it impossible to apply any global benchmarks. Many more pre-registered studies are needed in the future to derive a reliable picture of real population effects.

(1) Background: Maximum isokinetic force loads show strongly increased post-load lactate concentrations and an increase in the maximum blood lactate concentration rate ( V˙ Lamax), depending on load duration. The reproducibility of V˙ Lamax must be known to be able to better assess training-related adjustments of anaerobic performance using isokinetic force tests. (2) Methods: 32 subjects were assigned to two groups and completed two unilateral isokinetic force tests (210° s−1, Range of Motion 90°) within seven days. Group 1 (n = 16; age 24.0 ± 2.8 years, BMI 23.5 ± 2.6 kg m−2, training duration: 4.5 ± 2.4 h week−1) completed eight repetitions and group 2 (n = 16; age 23.7 ± 1.9 years, BMI 24.6 ± 2.4 kg m−2, training duration: 5.5 ± 2.1 h week−1) completed 16 repetitions. To determine V˙ Lamax, capillary blood (20 µL) was taken before and immediately after loading, and up to the 9th minute post-load. Reproducibility and variability was determined using Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses, and variability were determined using within-subject standard deviation (Sw) and Limits of Agreement (LoA) using Bland Altman plots. (3) Results: The correlation of V˙ Lamax in group 1 was r = 0.721, and in group 2 r = 0.677. The Sw of V˙ Lamax was 0.04 mmol L−1 s−1 in both groups. In group 1, V˙ Lamax showed a systematic bias due to measurement repetition of 0.02 mmol L−1 s−1 in an interval (LoA) of ±0.11 mmol L−1 s−1. In group 2, a systematic bias of −0.008 mmol L−1 s−1 at an interval (LoA) of ±0.11 mmol L−1 s−1 was observed for repeated measurements of V˙ Lamax. (4) Conclusions: Based on the existing variability, a reliable calculation of V˙ Lamax seems to be possible with both short and longer isokinetic force loads. Changes in V˙ Lamax above 0.11 mmol L−1 s−1 due to training can be described as a non-random increase or decrease in V˙ Lamax.

Resting heart rate (RHR) is positively related with mortality. Regular exercise causes a reduction in RHR. The aim of the systematic review was to assess whether regular exercise or sports have an impact on the RHR in healthy subjects by taking different types of sports into account. A systematic literature research was conducted in six databases for the identification of controlled trials dealing with the effects of exercise or sports on the RHR in healthy subjects was performed. The studies were summarized by meta-analyses. The literature search analyzed 191 studies presenting 215 samples fitting the eligibility criteria. 121 trials examined the effects of endurance training, 43 strength training, 15 combined endurance and strength training, 5 additional school sport programs. 21 yoga, 5 tai chi, 3 qigong, and 2 unspecified types of sports. All types of sports decreased the RHR. However, only endurance training and yoga significantly decreased the RHR in both sexes. The exercise-induced decreases of RHR were positively related with the pre-interventional RHR and negatively with the average age of the participants. From this, we can conclude that exercise—especially endurance training and yoga—decreases RHR. This effect may contribute to a reduction in all-cause mortality due to regular exercise or sports.

Introduction Research in the field of embodied cognition is occupied with a variety of research questions stemming from the idea that cognition is deeply connected with bodily aspects such as perception and action (Barsalou, 1999, 2008). However, some embodiment studies have been identified to exhibit problems such as non-replicable results (Lakens, 2014). With this article, we wish to accomplish three aims: exemplifying ways of categorizing embodied cognition research in an informative manner; providing guidelines on how to identify problematic study designs; suggesting solutions for potentially problematic designs. Within the field of embodied cognition, several aspects are investigated as outlined by Wilson (2002). One example for embodiment mentioned by Wilson (2002) is gesturing (for an overview on gesturing, see Hostetter and Alibali, 2008). Embodied cognition theory can be used to analyze the relation between gestures and mental processes (e.g., Hostetter and Alibali, 2008). Furthermore, there is a debate around the question whether language and meaning are grounded in perceptual contents experienced through the body (e.g., Borghi et al., 2004; for an overview on grounded cognition, see Barsalou, 2010). Besides research on cognition, principles of embodied cognition have been applied to fields such as social psychology (see Meier et al., 2012, for an overview) and educational psychology (see Paas and Sweller, 2012, for an overview). For instance, research on embodiment in the context of social cognition has provided evidence for the claim that bodily sensations such as weight can alter judgments on importance (e.g., Ackerman et al., 2010). In educational psychology, one application of embodiment theory is the design of interactive learning environments (e.g., Johnson-Glenberg et al., 2014). In response to the current replication crisis in psychology (for discussions, see Pashler and Wagenmakers, 2012; Maxwell et al., 2015), several solutions have been proposed to improve the quality of psychological research (e.g., Chambers, 2013; Simons, 2014; LeBel, 2015; for overviews, see Ferguson, 2015; Zwaan et al., 2017). Benjamin et al. (2018) argue for a change of the standard 0.05 alpha level and instead support to lower the default alpha value for novel findings in the field of psychology to 0.005. Importantly, the sample size and power of studies have been described as pivotal contributors to replicable results (Fraley and Vazire, 2014). Multiple types of embodied cognition research are facing the problem of delivering non-replicable results as discussed in the literature (e.g., Rabelo et al., 2015). Perugini et al. (2014) present a method for the calculation of sample sizes for replication studies and confirmatory research that takes into account that observed effect sizes may be inaccurate estimates. They suggest to conduct sample size calculations using an effect size that is based on the lower bounds of the confidence interval computed for an observed effect size (Perugini et al., 2014). Another method is presented by Simonsohn (2015), who makes the argument that sample size calculations for replication studies should not merely use the effect sizes reported in the original research that is to be replicated. He explains that by increasing the sample size by the factor of 2.5, a replication study can be used to assess whether an effect is too small to have been appropriately captured in the original study (Simonsohn, 2015). This method has already been used in a recent replication study on embodied cognition effects (Ronay et al., 2017). We suggest to use one of the aforementioned methods of sample size calculation for studies involving embodiment-based manipulation types that are known for potential problems. In the following, we will present three important aspects that can be used to check whether an embodied cognition study design will need amendments such as an increased sample size.

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