Dieser Beitrag beschreibt das technologische Konzept und die praktische Realisierung einer universellen Telearbeitsumgebung. Dabei wird neben der Definition und Anforderungsanalyse von Telearbeit ein Architekturmodell für eine integrierte Arbeitsumgebung und die geplante prototypische Umsetzung auf der Basis von Web Services vorgestellt. Abschließend werden weitere Entwicklungs- und Ausbaumöglichkeiten des Konzeptes vorgestellt.

published_or_final_version / Asian Studies / Master / Master of Philosophy

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aline de Campos Goncalves Patini.pdf: 833893 bytes, checksum: 8c0b09589fe6d28a1c8336d92667d80b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-19 / This research tried to understand what the managers challanges of remote workers are. Today, the organizations are in an environment where global transformations occur with great speed due to the industrial revolutions, and especially the technological advances. Such transformations bring several changes to the work, which adhering the flexibility brings alternatives as: home office, the shared centers, the satellite centers, autonomous or outsourced employees etc. In this situation it s possible to find managers who need to work with remote employees. Considering the management processes, such as the selection and training, control of goals achieving, performance appraisal, motivation and plans for title and salary, this scenario brings many challenges to the managers. The base of a relationship between managers and employees is the communication, that is vital to the manager evaluate the employees performance, provide feedback and to outline strategies for professional development of both, himself and the teleworkers. Although the remote working presents great challenges, and that somehow can result in problems for workers, such as reducing workers' rights won during the twentieth century, it also offers benefits to the workers, managers and also for organizations. For the organization, may be the reduction of infrastructure cost, or increased penetration into international markets, allowing greater control and knowledge of local culture. Managers can work through the remote, have a more mature team with more knowledge about the activities carried on, able to self-manage and identify priorities. In your turn, remote workers expand knowledge, improve their skills and their quality of life. Finally, remote working can bring challenges, but also benefits for the organizations, managers, workers and society in general / Esta pesquisa buscou entender quais os desafios encontrados pelos gestores de trabalhadores remotos. Atualmente, as organizações estão inseridas em um ambiente onde as transformações globais acontecem com grande velocidade em decorrência das Revoluções Industriais e principalmente dos avanços tecnológicos. Tais transformações trazem diversas mudanças para o trabalho, que aderindo à flexibilização desse novo cenário tem apresentado alternativas como: o trabalho em domicílio, os centros compartilhados, os centros satélites, os trabalhadores autônomos ou terceirizados etc. Nessas novas modalidades de trabalho podem-se encontrar gestores que precisam realizar suas atividades no processo de gestão de pessoas de maneira remota. Sob o aspecto dos processos de gestão, tais como o de seleção e treinamento, o controle de atingimento das metas, avaliação de desempenho, motivação e planos de cargos e salários, esse cenário traz diversos desafios aos gestores. A comunicação é a base da construção de um relacionamento entre funcionário e gerente, é fundamental para que o gestor possa avaliar o desempenho, dar feedbacks e até traçar estratégias para o desenvolvimento profissional tanto de si mesmo como dos trabalhadores que estão sob sua responsabilidade. Ainda que o trabalho remoto apresente grandes desafios, e que de certa forma possa resultar em problemas aos trabalhadores, como por exemplo, a redução dos direitos trabalhistas conquistados ao longo do século XX, ele também oferecem vantagens aos próprios trabalhadores, gestores e até para as organizações. Para as organização pode haver a redução de custo com infraestrutura, ou maior penetrabilidade em mercados internacionais, permitindo maior domínio e conhecimento sobre a cultura do local. Os gestores conseguem por meio do trabalho remoto contar com uma equipe mais madura, com maior conhecimento sobre as atividades exercidas, capazes de se autogerenciar e de identificar prioridades. Já os trabalhadores remotos ampliam o conhecimento, melhoram sua qualificação e sua qualidade de vida. Enfim, o trabalho remoto pode trazer desafios, mas também benefícios às organizações, aos gestores, aos trabalhadores e a sociedade de um modo geral

With millions of people telecommuting each day, business leaders need to understand the factors contributing to job satisfaction among telecommuters. Drawing from the theory of purposeful work behavior, the purpose of this correlational study was to provide decision makers with information about the factors associated with job satisfaction among telecommuters. The research question addressed the relationship between gender, age, and level of telecommuting and job satisfaction. Using multiple linear regression analysis of 65 telecommuter survey respondents, the results (F(3,61) = 2.4, p > .05) indicated that no statistical significant relationships were found between job satisfaction and the predictor variables; however, the results indicated that job satisfaction among telecommuters was high, regardless of demographic variables. Additionally, a correlational analysis determined that a correlation exists between age and job satisfaction as well as age and level of telecommuting. Knowing that job satisfaction is ubiquitous among telecommuters and that correlations exist around age contributes to the knowledge base on the impacts of telecommuting. Business leaders could benefit from these findings when implementing telecommuting policies or procedures. Implications for social change are that satisfaction may increase when employees have the option to telecommute, which can affect business profitability. In addition, fewer people commuting to work decreases emissions and improves the environment.

M.Tech. Business Administration. Business School. / Optimal performance outcomes when working from home (small office home office) (SOHO) refers to the impact of job satisfaction and work-life-balance on it. Working from home doesn't have an effect on job satisfaction but does influence work-life-balance positively. Two hypotheses were investigated: (1) whether the job satisfaction of employees working from home at Alexander Forbes was affected and (2) whether the work-life-balance of employees working from home at Alexander Forbes was affected.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present study aims to investigate how different levels of manifestation of culture in companies where electronic interactions predominate are formed. To that, the tools for transmitting information in the companies studied and the processes of interactions adopted are identified in order to recognize the core ideology, perceived and exposed values and cultural practices, including myths, rituals and symbols. Were analyzed by the method of integrated case study seven virtual enterprises, characterized by the absence of physical thirst, geographical remoteness and employee interactions done predominantly by digital means. The adopted sources of evidence were semi-structured interviews with managers and partners of virtual enterprises, document analysis and content analysis listed in the pages of organizations and of the respondents in social networks. Data were analyzed from the perspective of content analysis, identifying cultural manifastations in virtual enterprises analyzed. From the perspective of differentiation, it was possible to identify that daily confrontations result in shared experiences, although those experiences have different meanings for each member of the organization. Then, the digital interactions proved sufficient to enable the sharing of aims and objectives. The availability of information on the internet about companies, allied to the ease of access to managers, facilitate the spread of values, although these values are often confused with the own managers personal characteristics. As contributions, this study allows some insights into virtual enterprises, especially regarding the use of time, the establishment of partnerships and flexible work, enabling further reflections on the boundaries between public and private companies in using telecommuting. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo investigar como se formam os diferentes níveis de manifestação da cultura em empresas onde as interações por meios eletrônicos predominam. Para tanto, são identificadas as ferramentas para transmissão de informações nas empresas em estudo e os processos de interações adotados, buscando identificar a ideologia central, valores expostos e percebidos e as práticas culturais, entre as quais os mitos, os rituais e os símbolos. Foram analisadas, segundo o método de estudo de caso integrado, sete empresas virtuais, caracterizadas pela ausência de sede física, afastamento geográfico dos colaboradores e interações predominantemente por meios digitais. As fontes de evidências adotadas foram entrevistas semi-estruturadas com gestores e colaboradores das empresas virtuais, análise documental e análise do conteúdo constantes nas páginas das organizações na internet e dos entrevistados nas redes sociais. Os dados coletados foram analisados sob a ótica da análise de conteúdo, identificando-se manifestações culturais nas empresas virtuais analisadas. Pela perspectiva da diferenciação, foi possível verificar que os enfrentamentos cotidianos resultam em experiências compartilhadas, embora essas experiências tenham significados distintos para cada membro da organização. Então, as interações por meios digitais se mostraram suficientes para permitir o compartilhamento de propósitos e objetivos. A disponibilidade de informações na internet sobre as empresas aliada à facilidade de acesso aos gestores facilitam a disseminação de valores, embora, muitas vezes, esses valores se confundam com as características pessoais dos próprios gestores. Como contribuições, o presente estudo permite alguns entendimentos sobre as empresas virtuais, principalmente quanto ao uso do tempo, ao estabelecimento de parcerias e à flexibilização do trabalho, possibilitando ainda reflexões sobre os limites entre público e privado nas empresas que utilizam o teletrabalho.

An assumption that Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and economic development have an automatic linkage has gained wide acceptance over the last decade. As a result, developing countries are under pressure to apply this prescription as a solution to poverty. With the help of development partners in the developed world and the United Nations, developing countries have embraced this call to increase access to ICTs to bridge the ever-widening gap between the ‘information rich’ and ‘information poor’ (Castells, 2001). One of the strategies has been the establishment of telecentres where the least privileged people might access ICTs for their own development needs. However, this strategy has tended to overlook contextual factors and circumstances in developing countries. ICTs are thus being introduced in an environment of mass poverty, illiteracy and poor infrastructure, exacerbating existing inequalities in some cases. Much attention has been focussed on initiatives aimed at expanding the ICT infrastructure for wider population access without addressing what the users actually do with such access. This study aims to make a contribution in that direction. The study focuses on Nakaseke Community Multi-media Centre(CMC), the first telecentre introduced in Uganda in 1997. Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative research techniques, the study sets out to develop deeper insights into how the Nakaseke community uses, engages with and relates with communication technologies installed at the telecentre. It probes whether these practices advance the dominant view that ICTs are a panacea for rural development. The findings indicate that while access to communication technology has expanded, albeit at a slow pace, the benefits might take very long to have a significant effect as many targeted users do not make use of the facilities because they lack the human skills and financial resources to exploit the technologies. Other problems such as poor electricity supply and sustainability also actively militate against the potential of the project to deliver. Besides, people tend to appropriate technology in ways different from those intended by its promoters. As Burton (2002) explains through the concept of ‘affordances’ and ‘culture’, some users perceive technologies essentially as something that bestows the status of being modern or sophisticated on their community, rather than as a development tool. In conclusion, it is argued that if used for development, ICTs can indeed make a difference in the lives of rural people. However, besides investing in technology, there is need to invest more in empowering the people themselves with skills, particularly literacy, to enable them use ICTs productively.

Behovet av högkvalitativ information är något som finns i alla organisationer. Tack vare teknikutvecklingen kan information flöda allt fortare, och genom alltfler kanaler. Informationsmängden har idag blivit så pass omfattande att vi människor många gånger har svårt att hantera informationen på ett effektivt sätt, vilket i sin tur kan leda till upplevt informationsöverflöd. Denna studies syfte var att undersöka hur aspekter av informationsöverflöd upplevs i perspektiv av informationskvalitet och belysa dessa utifrån distans- och kontorsarbete.   Wang & Strong (1996) har tagit fram en modell för att mäta informationskvalitet. Informationskvalitet är ett komplext begrepp och kan enligt författarna (1996) brytas ner i fyra aspekter vilka är tillförlitlighet, relevant, tillgänglighet och representativ information. Deras modell över informationskvalitet har varit denna studies utgångspunkt för analys av resultatet.  Undersökningen genomfördes enligt en kvalitativ metod med en abduktiv ansats. Datainsamlingen gjordes genom fem stycken semi-strukturerade individuella telefonintervjuer. Studiens deltagande informanter arbetar alla både på distans och på kontor.     Studiens resultat visar att det främst är bristen på relevant information som bidrar till upplevt informationsöverflöd. Eppler & Mengis (2004) presenterar fem stycken orsaker till informationsöverflöd, vilka är information, IT, arbetsuppgift och tid, individ samt organisation. Resultatet visar att bristen på relevant information bidrar till alla dessa fem orsaker. Informationsöverflöd upplevs som något mer märkbar på kontor där även den fysiska muntliga kommunikationen kan bidra till för mycket information. Inför genomförandet av denna studie var det inte förväntat att distansarbete kan väljas för att minska informationsöverflöd. Resultatet visar dock att informanterna många gånger väljer distansarbete för att kunna koppla bort sig från digitala och fysiska informationskanaler. Detta upplevs särskilt effektivt då mer komplexa arbetsuppgifter ska utföras.    Slutsatser som kan dras från den genomförda studien är att öppna kontorslandskap kan bidra med mer irrelevant information som en följd av den fysiska muntliga kommunikationen. Även kan slutsatsen dras att informationskvalitet och informationsöverflöd är två nära relaterade begrepp, men att bristen på informationskvalitet är det som bidrar med informationsöverflöd. I de fall när informationen i sig inte uppfyller kvalitetsaspekterna kan detta bidra till att individer upplever informationsöverflöd. / The amount of information has increased as a result of the technological development and it has become common to perceive information overload. This area is researched in office environments, however, we found no research in telecommuting. Low quality of information has been found through previous research as being one of the main reasons why we are experiencing information overload. In previous research, students were able to conclude that there was no research on the office and telecommuting experienced information overload. This study's problem is based on a scientific problem, were the students intended to examine how work in offices are perceived compared to teleworking in aspects of information quality and information overload. To illustrate the problem a qualitative method was selected. The study is based on semi-structured telephone interviews with five participating informants. This study's found that office environments contributed with more irrelevant information because of verbal communication. The students also came to the conclusion that the concepts of information quality and information overload are related to each other, but information quality is the overlying concept. Lack of information quality contributes to experienced information overload.

The theses Psychological aspects of teleworking is dedicated to actual theme of a teleworking from the perspective of psychological aspects and teleworkers. In the theses a concept of teleworking is introduced in the current social context with its historical development. The main focus is on introduction a teleworking in relation with personal characteristics of a teleworker, well-being, work-life balance and social dimension of teleworking. In the empirical part there is introduced a mixed methods research - a combination of mapping study and case study. The theme of the empirical part is teamwork and psychological safety of specific group of teleworkers - lectors from the non-profit organization. In the quantitative part got involved both teleworkers and their managers, in the qualitative part evaluated the teamwork and psychological safety in the team only managers of the teams. Keywords Teleworking, telecommuting, personal characteristics, well-being, work-life balance

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar un estudio bibliométrico de las publicaciones científicas de la base de datos Science Direct para establecer información actual sobre los artículos científicos de psicología acerca de la productividad en el Telecommuting. Primero se realizó una búsqueda de la variable Telecommuting en la base de datos Science Direct encontrando un total de 10 artículos de los cuales quedaron 7 artículos que cumplen con los criterios de inclusión que conforman la muestra de estudio. Luego de esto, se realizaron los análisis de datos y metodologías utilizadas y se desarrolló un análisis de información obtenida. En los resultados resalta la gran cantidad de estudios cualitativos, el cien por ciento de los trabajos contiene abstract, palabras claves, introducción, objetivos e hipótesis. En conclusión el uso de la bibliometría es esencial para medir los resultados de la investigación, revalorando la información obtenida en investigaciones previas y de esta forma ser parte del desarrollo y avance de la ciencia peruana. / The present study aimed to carry out a bibliometric study of the scientific publications of the Science Direct database to establish current information on the scientific articles of psychology about productivity in Telework. First, a search was carried out for the Telecommuting variable in the Science Direct database, finding a total of 10 articles, of which there were 7 articles that meet the inclusion criteria that make up the study sample. After this, the data analysis and methodologies used were carried out and an analysis of the information obtained was developed. The results highlight the large number of qualitative studies, one hundred percent of the works contain abstract, keywords, introduction, objectives and hypotheses. In conclusion, the use of bibliometrics is essential to measure the results of the investigation, reassessing the information obtained in previous investigations and in this way being part of the development and advancement of Peruvian science. / Trabajo de investigación