Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA (DVS) / The South African government has earmarked infrastructure development as a key driver of the economy. The infrastructure sectors of energy, water and transport have received large Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA) loans to fund new projects, repairs and maintenance. The DBSA loan approvals to municipalities for the period 2012-2013 was R2.3 billion. Loans to 'under-resourced' municipalities totalled R927 million for the same period. Key infrastructure sectors included electricity (R466 million), roads and drainage (R678 million), community facilities (R735 million) and water and sanitation (R1.2 billion). The DBSA is owned by the South African state and its relationship with municipalities is legislated and regulated through the Constitution and an Act of Parliament. One of the post-apartheid roles of the DBSA is to support the infrastructure development agenda of the State through a complexed network of infrastructure projects in the key infrastructure sectors of water and sanitation, education, housing, health and housing. It does so through project, technical and development finance support to municipalities. The underlying rationale for the relationship between municipalities and the DBSA is to forward the States' agenda of providing equal access to basic services and develop infrastructure to support its social and economic development agenda. While the DBSA does provide infrastructure grants and facilitates intergovernmental transfers to municipalities, it also provides infrastructure loans to municipalities for both capital expenditure and large-scale infrastructure projects. The premise of development banks is to provide development finance for infrastructure projects at low interest. The DBSA specifically as a state-owned bank has an overall agenda to develop the infrastructure of poorer municipalities whose credit-worthiness will not allow it to qualify for commercial loans.

Studien handlar om att studera villkor och förutsättningar att implementera psykosociala hälsofrämjande insatser på en kommunal organisation. Syftet var att undersöka chefers organisatoriska förutsättningar att implementera psykosociala hälsofrämjande insatser. Studien baserades på en kvalitativ ansats och empirin samlades in genom sex semistrukturerade enskilda intervjuer, med en intervjuperson från varje utvald förvaltning. Förvaltningarna valdes utifrån våra villkor och deras organisatoriska uppbyggnad. Studiens resultat har analyserats deduktivt genom ett hälsofrämjande perspektiv. Den teoretiska referensramen grundar sig i pedagogiska och hälsofrämjande områden med fokus på arbetsplatslärande, genom erbjudande och engagemang. Den pedagogiska och hälsofrämjande ansatsen innefattar aktörskap, empowerment, praktikgemenskap samt samspelsmodellen. Studien berör lärande i sammanhang och ur individperspektiv, genom till exempel sociala relationer och delaktighet. En slutsats av studien visar att oföränderliga villkor kan hanteras på olika sätt utifrån olika förutsättningar. Förutsättningarna påverkas av kompetenshöjande insatser och kognitiva egenskaper samt erfarenheter. / The study is about studying conditions and implementing psychosocial health promotion efforts in a municipal organization. The purpose was to examine the organizational conditions of managers to implement psychosocial health promotion efforts. The study was based on a qualitative study and the material was collected through six semi-structured individual interviews, with an interviewee from each chosen management. The administrations were chosen based on our terms and their organizational structure. The study results have been analyzed deductively through a health promotion perspective. The theoretical frame of reference is based on educational and health promotion areas with focus on workplace learning, through offer and commitment. The educational and health promotion theories included Agency, Empowerment, Communities of Practice and  an interaction model. The study relates to learning in context and from an individual perspective through, for example, social relations and participation. A conclusion of the study show that unchanging conditions can be handled in different ways based on different conditions. The conditions are influenced by skills enhancing efforts and cognitive properties as well as experiences.

A dissertação tem por objeto de estudo o papel da qualificação realizada pelo Centro de Desenvolvimento Profissional/CDP da Azaléia Calçados, na profissionalização e inserção de jovens das cidades de Parobé e Taquara a partir de 1993. A pesquisa de campo envolveu quatro alunos egressos do Curso de Multioperação de Calçados, três gerentes da empresa e um educador do projeto. O estudo toma como ângulo de análise a qualificação profissional como uma relação socialmente construída, que integra o fenômeno da relação salarial moderna, que é uma das formas históricas de regulação das relações entre capital e trabalho. Os conceitos de inserção, trajetórias e profissão completaram as referências de análise. Partindo da noção do tempo de trabalho como medida dos valores econômicos, o estudo aborda a qualificação como decorrência do modelo fordista de produção, no contexto da reestrututração produtiva no setor coureiro-calçadista. No processo de reprodução da força de trabalho se verifica a incidência da qualificação no trabalho produtivo dos jovens nas células de trabalho e nos seus modos de vida. As relações entre qualificação, trabalho e inserção profissional que caracterizam a socialização profissional, na experiência estudada acontecem através do CDP, com a mediação de uma rede social que tem um papel importante na articulação entre a qualificação e a inserção profissional. / The composition has the purpose of studying the role of qualification made by “Professional Development Center”/CDP of Azaléia Calçados (shoes factory), in the vocational training and insertion of young people of the cities Parobé and Taquara since 1993. The research involved four egressed students of “Shoes Multi-operation Course, three manager of the company and a instructor of the project. The study takes as focus of analysis the professional qualification (vocational training) as a relation socialy built, that consists of the phenomenon of the modern wage terms (rules, conditions), that is one of the historic ways to regulate the relations between capital and work (labor). The concepts of insertion, trajectories and profession have completed the analysis references. Starting with the notion of time of work (work-time) like measurement of economic value, the study deals with the qualification as a result of Ford-model of producing, in the context of productive reestruturation in the field “shoes-leather”. In the process of the reproduction of the workforce we see the occurrence of the qualification in the productive work of the young people in the work cell and in their way of life. The relations among qualification, work and professional insertion that describes the professional insertion that describes the professional socialization in the studied experience happens through the “CDP” (Professional Development Center) with the intervention of a social chain that has an important role in the link between qualification and professional insertion.

Landuse for farming purposes is an indispensable part of management in specially protected areas although the process of farming has been importantly limited by restrictive arrangements, as agrotechnological terms which are caused by the needs of environmental protection. This diploma thesis deals with the impact of some limiting rules on running of the farms which are farming in convenction way, situated in the area CHKO Šumava. Field research was performed in the form of dialogs and was focused on detection of owner´s opinions concerning their relationship with CHKO authority, impact of agrotechnological terms on running of the farm and revealing of their future plans. Based on the analysis it is possible to say that all the farmers declare the cooperation with CHKO authority as definitely negative whereas the present payments for natural disadvantage compensation appears to be clearly positive and they cannot imagine future farming without them. Agrotechnological terms followed from specific regime of specially protected areas have been declared as minimally restrictive because the owners have adopted them the farm working.

Submitted by Elias Silva de Jesus (eliassdj@gmail.com) on 2018-03-01T17:41:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 trabalho final para publicação - 01.03.2018.pdf: 10874577 bytes, checksum: 67ab39d7ca1cf594f42bd1900d28beb9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2018-03-07T17:03:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 trabalho final para publicação - 01.03.2018.pdf: 10874577 bytes, checksum: 67ab39d7ca1cf594f42bd1900d28beb9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-12T20:04:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 trabalho final para publicação - 01.03.2018.pdf: 10874577 bytes, checksum: 67ab39d7ca1cf594f42bd1900d28beb9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-11 / Purpose- The purpose of this study was to comprehend the challenges to be overcome by Fiocruz’ budgetary and financial management, due to the cooperation terms signed with the National Health Fund (NHF) being the main financing source of the institution’s final activities. It was found that the cooperation terms are signed between Fiocruz and the FNS because of the alignment of Fiocruz’strategic objectives, the demands from the National Health Service (NHS) and the public health policies proposed by the Ministry of Health. Design/Methodology- Adopting case study methodology, after documentation analysis, interviews and data analysis of the Strategic Management Supporting System (SMSS/Fiocruz), regarding the cooperation terms signed with the NHF from 2011 to 2015, from the evidences found, it was possible to stablish connections among them and to understand how these cooperation instruments execution process occurs in the institutional scope. Findings- It was found that the cooperation terms are signed between Fiocruz and the FNS because of the alignment of Fiocruz’strategic objectives, the demands from the National Health Service (NHS) and the public health policies proposed by the Ministry of Health. The importance of Fiotec, Fiocruz’ supporting foudation, was also highlighted on operating the cooperation terms signed with the NHF, showing the need for harmonization and interaction between Fiocruz and Fiotec, for a better process management as a whole. Research limitations- The main limitation of the research was the impossibility of analyzing in a deeper way, as it would be desirable, the operationalization of the terms of cooperation originating from the FNS within Fiotec. However, in the propositions suggested based on the inferences made from the evidence, it is proposed the adjustment of the Fiocruz / Fiotec relationship as well as the harmonization of the processes between the foundations. Practical implications- After comprehending the challenges of Fiocruz’ budgetary and financial management in operating these cooperation terms and understanding the behavior of these cooperation instruments in the execution process, the study proposed actions that may contribute with this initiative in many aspects. Social implications- By understanding the phenomenon elucidated on this study, it has become clear the institutional need of advancing on management improvement of the cooperation terms signed with the NHF, so that Fiocruz can be more efficient and effective in implementing its strategic objectives financed through these cooperation instruments. Originality- To our knowledge, this is the first study related to the behavior of cooperation instruments with source of funding for public institutions to take action in the field of public health / Objetivo- Esse estudo teve como propósito, compreender os desafios a serem superados pela gestão orçamentária e financeira da Fiocruz em função dos termos de cooperação firmados com o Fundo Nacional de saúde (TEDs/FNS) serem a principal fonte de financiamento das atividades finalistas da instituição. Metodologia- Adotando-se a metodologia de estudo de caso, após a análise documental, entrevistas e análise dos dados existentes Sistema de apoio a Gestão Estratégica (SAGE/ Fiocruz) relativos aos termos de cooperação firmados com FNS no período de 2011 a 2015, a partir das evidências encontradas foi possível estabelecer conexões entre elas e entender como ocorre o processo de execução destes instrumentos de cooperação no âmbito institucional. Resultados- Constatou-se que os termos de cooperação são firmados entre Fiocruz e o Fundo Nacional de Saúde (FNS) devido ao alinhamento dos objetivos estratégicos da Fiocruz com as demandas do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e as políticas públicas de saúde propostas pelo Ministério da saúde. Destacou-se também a importância da FIOTEC, fundação de apoio, na operacionalização dos termos de cooperação firmados com o FNS, demonstrando a necessidade de harmonização e interação entre a Fiocruz e a FIOTEC para a melhoria na gestão do processo como um todo. Limitações- A principal limitação da pesquisa foi a impossibilidade de analisar de forma mais profunda, como seria desejável, a operacionalização dos termos de cooperação oriundos do FNS no âmbito da Fiotec. No entanto, nas proposições sugeridas com base nas inferências realizadas a partir das evidências, é proposto o ajuste da relação Fiocruz/Fiotec como também a harmonização dos processos entre as fundações. Aplicabilidade- Após a compreensão dos desafios para gestão orçamentária e financeira da Fiocruz operacionalizar esses termos de cooperação e o entendimento do comportamento desses instrumentos de cooperação no processo de execução, com o propósito de envidar a Fiocruz a propor uma reanálise na gestão desses instrumentos de cooperação, apresentou-se proposições que podem contribuir com essa inciativa em diversos aspectos. Contribuições para a sociedade- Entender o fenômeno elucidado por esse estudo, permitiu enxergar a necessidade institucional de avançar na melhoria da gestão dos termos de cooperação firmados com FNS para que a Fiocruz possa ser mais eficiente e eficaz na implementação dos objetivos estratégicos financiados através desses instrumentos de cooperação. Originalidade- Pelo nosso conhecimento, este é o primeiro estudo relacionado ao comportamento dos instrumentos de cooperação com fonte de financiamento para que instituições públicas desenvolvam ações no campo da saúde pública.

The new method of automatic term recognition TERMIT is focused not only on the high number of correctly labeled terms, but also on the most important attributes of a term (in terms of their role in automatic term identification process). The method is based on data mining, i.e. finding meaningful information in very large corpus data. It was able to both successfuly identify terms in academic texts and find constitutive features of a term as a terminological unit. The single-word term (SWT) can be characterized as a word with a low frequency in corpus (SYN2010) that occurs considerably more often in specialized texts of a given field than in non-academic texts, occurs in a small number of academic disciplines, its distribution in the corpus (SYN2010) is uneven as is the distance between its two instances. The multi-word term (MWT) is a stable collocation consisting of words with low frequency and contains at least one (and often more) single-word term. Based on the characteristics of SWT and MWT, it is possible to classify individual tokens in texts as terms or non-terms with a success rate of more than 95 %. Automatically identified terms can be used to identify percentage of SWT or MWT in different academic disciplines, as well as find terms shared by two or more domains in order to assess their...

The thema of the diploma work is the language analysis of baroque religious text of V. V. J. Klugar - Catechism (1746). The diplome oves the characteristic of the phonological side of its language. First we informe generally about the baroque, about the life and work Klugar. Then we compare the Czech language in the epoch of humanism and baroque and we describe the important grammar and too the ungrammatical phonological terms. Next we analyze the separate texts (dialogical and monological) where we study language in phonetics. We works with copy of the origin deposit in the archiv in the museum in the Jaroměř, sg. Ač 6. The aim of the analysis is to state the level of Czech language in the 18 century and the level of the religious texts on the base of discoveries and graphic data.

This thesis describes the selected organisation. There is presented a SWOT analysis of the company in this thesis. Describes the terms of expansion of selected organisation into international market, specifically for entry into the German market. The result is a proposal for the application of the chosen company to market a full description of the situation on the market.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work presents and discusses the extension of traditional Aristotelian syllogistics carried out by John Neville Keynes in the beginning of the twentieth century, through the introduction of a notation for negative terms into logical theory. The primary bibliography used was the fourth edition, dated 1906, of the Keynes‟s textbook on Logic Studies and Exercises in Formal Logic . Keynes has an extensional interpretation of the use of negative terms: they are understood as an extensional complement of the corresponding positive terms relative the universe of discourse; in this sense, his conception of the negation of terms obeys the Principle of Excluded Middle. The extension of traditional syllogistics by the addition of negative terms also leads to an extension of the number logical relations among the categorical propositions, as well as the number of valid immediate inferences. The Square of Oppositions is transformed into an Octagon of Oppositions, to which three new logical relations between the categorical propositions are added, namely, complementarity, sub-complementarity and contra-complementarity; the validity of these new logical relations does not require existential presupposition of any of the involved terms. Regarding immediate inferences, besides the conversion process, three new types of formal processes are obtained: obversion, contraposition (partial and total) and inversion (partial and total). To prove the validity of these formal processes, as well as of any syllogistic inference, Keynes lays out a diagrammatic method based on the well-known Euler method; in Keynes‟s method, however, negative terms are represented. In Keynes‟s version of Euler‟s diagrammatic method validity is understood as preservation of information: a collection of basic diagrams, corresponding to elementary information, is assigned to categorical propositions; and an inference is valid if, and only if, the diagrams assigned to the premises are also assigned to the conclusion. / Este trabalho apresenta e discute a ampliação da silogística tradicional aristotélica, realizada por John Neville Keynes no início do século XX, mediante a introdução de uma notação para termos negativos na teoria lógica. A bibliografia primária utilizada foi a quarta edição, datada de 1906, do manual de Lógica de Keynes Studies and Exercises in Formal Logic. Keynes tem uma interpretação extensional acerca do uso dos termos negativos: eles são entendidos como o complemento extensional do seu correspondente termo positivo em relação ao universo do discurso; neste sentido, a sua concepção da negação terminística obedece ao Princípio do Terceiro Excluído. A ampliação da silogística tradicional pelo acréscimo dos termos negativos leva, também, a uma ampliação do número de relações lógicas entre as proposições categóricas, assim como do número de inferências imediatas válidas. O Quadrado de Oposições é transformado em um Octógono de Oposições, no qual são acrescentadas três novas relações lógicas entre as proposições categóricas, a saber, a complementaridade, a subcomplementaridade, e a contracomplementaridade; a validade destas novas relações lógicas não exige o pressuposto existencial de nenhum dos termos envolvidos. Quanto às inferências imediatas, além do processo de conversão, três novos tipos destes processos formais são obtidos: a obversão, a contraposição (parcial e total) e a inversão (parcial e total). Para provar a validade destes processos formais, assim como de quaisquer inferências na silogística, Keynes apresenta um método diagramático desenvolvido a partir do conhecido método de Euler; no método de Keynes, porém, há a representação de termos negativos. Na versão de Keynes do método diagramático de Euler a validade é entendida como preservação de informação: uma coleção de diagramas básicos, correspondentes às informações elementares, é atribuída às proposições categóricas; e uma inferência é válida se, e somente se, os diagramas atribuídos às premissas também estão atribuídos à conclusão.

The thesis talks about the interests of young school age children and teenagers in the context with the value orientation and the use of free time. The goal is to show some interests of the two age groups, which are typical due to the age of these children. Further the thesis focuses on the institution of ``Dům dětí a mládeže Pelhřimov{\crqq}, as an example of an organization, which offers many free time activity for school children. By means of such activity this institution not only motivates young people to develop their interests, but it also contributes to valuable free time spending. The researches that are mentioned in the thesis are focused on the chosen age groups. There is also a part describing a project: ,,Není nám to jedno (We do care),`` which is appointed to both of the chosen age groups and its task is to find out ways of free time spending of school children in the Czech Republic. The research shows the importance of public media in the life of young people. Therefore the last chapter is dedicated to the media and their influence on the free time of school children. Both the positive and the negative influence are shown.