O objetivo dessa pesquisa é investigar quais os efeitos de sentidos construídos com a recorrência do discurso da rede eletrônica no livro didático de Língua Portuguesa. Nesta Pesquisa, fundamentamo-nos nos postulados teórico-metodológicos da Análise de Discurso pecheuxtiana e nos estudos sobre o discurso na rede eletrônica segundo Romão (2005, 2006) e Dias (2008). O caminho metodológico percorrido envolveu uma pesquisa de campo, realizada em quatro escolas diferentes, com dez diferentes livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa, usados nos cinco primeiros anos do Ensino Fundamental. Trata-se de duas escolas estaduais e duas municipais, que compreendem o Ensino Fundamental I, da região de Ribeirão Preto SP. Tentamos expor questões que problematizassem a linguagem da rede eletrônica e o discurso que circula no livro didático, hoje constituído também por textos retirados da internet, pontuando suas diferenças e as tramas que se sucedem quando o sujeito tenta acessar a fonte de saber entre livro e rede. É papel da escola colocar os alunos em contato com todas as manifestações de linguagem, com todas as formas de produção de sentidos, e entendemos que são necessárias propostas pedagógicas contempladas pelos livros didáticos que envolvam os sujeitos-alunos em situações reais de uso da linguagem da rede eletrônica, situações que sejam significativas para que eles possam ocupar a posição sujeito-autor, a posição sujeito-leitor nos mais diversos suportes de textos. Atualmente o livro didático parte para outro campo de significados, o da internet, mas as atividades parafrásticas continuam as mesmas, resultando em atividades de texto lacunado, interpretação de texto esvaziada de sentidos, produções de texto repetitórias; são efeitos de sentidos que capturam o sujeito-aluno, não deixando que ele produza sentidos outros. / The aim of this research is to investigate the effects of meanings constructed with the recurrence of the discourse of the Internet in textbook of Portuguese Language. In this research, we based ourselves on the theoretical and methodological postulates of Pecheux´s Discourse Analysis and studies about the speech in the Internet according to Romão (2006, 2005) and Dias (2008). The methodological path involved a field survey, which was conducted in four different schools, with ten different textbooks of Portuguese Language, used in the first five years of elementary school. It is important to say that two schools are managed by the state and the other two are managed by the city government, which comprise the Elementary Education I, from the cities around Ribeirão Preto. We tried to expose issues that questioned the language of the web and the discourse circulating in the textbook, today constituted also by texts taken from the Internet, highlighting their differences and the plots that occur when the subject attempts to access the source of knowledge between book and network. It is the role of the school to put students in touch with all manifestations of language, with all forms of production of senses; we believe that it is necessary pedagogical proposals covered by textbooks that involve the subject-students in real situations of use of the language of the Internet, situations that are meaningful, so that they can occupy the position subject-author, the position subject-player in a variety of media texts. Today, the textbook includes another field of meanings, the internet; but the paraphrastic activities remain the same, resulting in activities of lacunate text, emptied reading comprehension senses, repetitive text productions, which are effects of senses that capture the subject-student, stopping them from producing other senses.

<p>Biological diversity is one out of four dimensions, characterizing the subject of Biology ac-cording to the school curriculum. As a concept, biological diversity had its break through at the UN environmental conference in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, where the convention about bio-logical diversity, named CBD, was signed. According to the convention, almost all the na-tions of the world have engaged themselves to preserve the national diversity of species, in-cluding the diversity of genetics and ecological systems.</p><p>This thesis focuses the biological diversity from the perspective of school books. The aim is to find out how the biological diversity is presented in biology books for students aged 12-15 years.</p><p>In 1994, the current Swedish secondary and high school curriculum called LPO-94 was pre-sented. The biology books used in this study were published between 1994 and 2007, all of them exist in many editions and are published by three different publishers.</p><p>The conclusion of the study is that all the biology books that were examined have reached different levels of the development in the field of biological diversity.</p>

Biological diversity is one out of four dimensions, characterizing the subject of Biology ac-cording to the school curriculum. As a concept, biological diversity had its break through at the UN environmental conference in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, where the convention about bio-logical diversity, named CBD, was signed. According to the convention, almost all the na-tions of the world have engaged themselves to preserve the national diversity of species, in-cluding the diversity of genetics and ecological systems. This thesis focuses the biological diversity from the perspective of school books. The aim is to find out how the biological diversity is presented in biology books for students aged 12-15 years. In 1994, the current Swedish secondary and high school curriculum called LPO-94 was pre-sented. The biology books used in this study were published between 1994 and 2007, all of them exist in many editions and are published by three different publishers. The conclusion of the study is that all the biology books that were examined have reached different levels of the development in the field of biological diversity.

Since the textbook has a prominent role in Swedish mathematics education it is of importance that textbooks has a focus on everyday life application that matches the requirements of the syllabuses and provide examples of practical usage of mathematics. The purpose of this qualitative case study of four randomly chosen textbooks in mathematics for the ninth grade, published during the 60s, 70s, 80s and 90s, from which a stratified random sample of word problems has been drawn, is to study the prevalence of word problems related to everyday life as well as to see how much of the everyday life related instructions in the syllabuses these textbooks implement. The result shows that the proportion of exercises that is made up from word problems has increased steadily from the 1960s to the 1990s in the textbooks that were analysed and at the same time has the proportion of exercises related to everyday life among the word problems decreased. The overarching impression regarding instructions related to everyday life in the syllabuses is that rather few of them have been implemented via word problems. / Då läroboken har en dominerande roll i den svenska matematikundervisningen är det av vikt att dessa böcker har ett fokus på vardagslivskopplingen som motsvarar budskapet i kursplanerna samt ger eleverna exempel på matematikens vardagliga tillämpningsområden. Syftet med denna kvalitativa fallstudie av fyra slumpmässigt valda läroböcker i matematik för årskurs 9, utgivna under 60-, 70-, 80- och 90-talet, ur vilka ett stratifierat slumpmässigt urval av textuppgifter dragits, är att studera förekomsten av vardagsrelaterade textuppgifter samt hur läroböckerna uppfyller anvisningarna i kursplanerna rörande den vardagslivsrelaterade kopplingen. Resultatet visar att andelen uppgifter som utgörs av textuppgifter har ökat stadigt från 60- till 90-talet i de studerade läroböckerna samtidigt som de vardagsrelaterade uppgifternas andel av textuppgifterna har minskat. Beträffande kursplanernas anvisningar är det övergripande intrycket att tämligen lite har implementerats via textuppgifterna.

The aim of this study was to examine the representation of Nature of Science (NOS) aspects in 9th grade chemistry textbooks. Two textbooks nation-wide used are analyzed, one of them is written in Turkish the other in English. These textbooks were written according to 2008-2009 education program&rsquo / s curriculum. A qualitative oriented approach was employed and ethnographic content analysis was used as the methodological framework for this research as Irez (2006) has performed. Data were analyzed by means of books&rsquo / sentences. The results of the study revealed that both of two chemistry textbooks were inadequate in representing NOS aspects which are / 1. Observation and inference are distinct entities of science, 2. Science is influenced by the social and cultural environment of the scientist, 3. Science is partly the product of human creativity and imagination, 4. Scientific knowledge is tentative, empirical and theory laden, 5. There exists a distinct, non-hierarchical relationship between scientific theories and laws, 6. &ldquo / There is no universal, recipe-like, method for doing science.&rdquo / The frequency of presence of each aspect in books was very low.

Thesis (M. Ed.)--York University, 2001. Graduate Programme in Education. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-130). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ71576.

Swedish students in the upper secondary school will recieve informaition regarding religion from multiple sources. If we look past the students surroundings like the family, friends or multimedia school is still the primary arena for religous education. Discussions about religion will take place in other lessons than just the subject religion. History is in my opinion the subject closest related to religion and the two makes up for a lot of the values work in swedish schools. Textbooks is still one of the most important tools for education and that makes them important as objects to study. This essay examines how religion is portrayed in textbooks for the history courses in swedish upper secondary schools. By using a qualitative text analysis I have been able to identify and discuss a few important issues that future teachers have to be aware of. The most apparent issue is how the presentation of Islam differs from other religions. Knowledge about how the textbooks present religion makes it possible for teachers and students to critically analyze the texts they are working with.

This study investigates whether principles of learner autonomy are integrated into ELT textbooks used in Hong Kong primary schools. Primary quantitative data were generated through an analysis of textbooks, and the supporting qualitative data came from interviews with teachers and lesson observations. Two sets with a total of twelve English language textbooks published for Primary Four, Primary Five and Primary Six students by Oxford University Press (China) Ltd. and Pearson Hong Kong were evaluated. Five teachers participated in the interviews while lesson observations were conducted with three of them. The results show that principles of learner autonomy are included in the textbooks to some extent. Out of the five key principles of learner autonomy, only self-assessment is achieved fully. The other key principles are partly achieved (i.e. self-selecting learning strategies, self-selecting materials and classroom activities) or not achieved (i.e. self-setting goals and self-reflection). There is currently not enough attention given in these primary ELT textbooks to promoting learner autonomy. In addition, it is found that there is no great difference in the degree of learner autonomy promoted across educational levels. The findings also suggest that different authors have different levels of awareness of promoting learner autonomy. This study concludes that a set of guidelines about the incorporation of principles relating to learner autonomy would facilitate authors and publishers in designing textbooks. / published_or_final_version / Applied English Studies / Master / Master of Arts in Applied Linguistics

The aim of this study is to analyse how mathematical problem solving (MPS) is represented in mathematical textbooks for Swedish upper secondary school. The analysis comprises dominating Swedish textbook series, and relates to uncovering a) the quantity of tasks that are actually mathematical problems (MPs), b) their location in the chapter, c) their difficulty level, and d) their context. Based on an analysis of 5,722 tasks from the area of calculus, it is concluded that the textbooks themselves contain very few tasks that can be defined as MPs, and that those that are MPs are found at the end of a chapter at the most difficult level, and are presented in a pure mathematical context. Implications are discussed.

Drawing on two research questions, this study presents an understanding of the nature of heritage in selected contemporary Grade 10 South African history textbooks, and elucidates factors responsible for the depiction of heritage in a particular way. The context that informed this study was that of South Africa as a post-conflict society. Using the interpretivist paradigm and approached from a qualitative perspective, this case study produced data on three purposively selected contemporary (post-1994) South African history textbooks with regards to their representation of heritage. Lexicalisation, a form of the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) was used as method to analyse the pre generated data from the selected textbooks following Fairclough’s (2003) three dimensions of describing, interpreting, and explaining the text. The study adopted a holistic approach to heritage as a conceptual framework whilst following social constructionism as the lens through which heritage was explored in the selected textbooks. My findings from this study concluded that although educational policy in the form of the NCS-History clearly stipulates the expectations to be achieved from the teaching and learning of heritage at Grade 10 level, there are inconsistencies and contradictions at the level of implementation of the heritage outcome in the history textbooks. Key among the finding are the absence of representation of natural heritage, lack of clear conceptualisation of heritage, many diverse pedagogic approaches towards heritage depiction, a gender and race representation of heritage that suggests an inclination towards patriarchy and a desire to retain apartheid and colonial dogma respectively,and finally a confirmation of the tension in the heritage/history relationship. The study discovered that factors such as the commercial and political nature of textbooks, the lack of understanding of the debates around the heritage/history partnership, and the difficulties involved in post-conflict reconstruction are responsible for this type of heritage depiction in the textbooks. / Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Edgewood, 2011.