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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-01

Some of the largest United States bankruptcies of publicly-traded non-financial firms have occurred within the last decade. The continuing need to improve bankruptcy prediction has generated numerous research studies utilizing various prediction models. The purpose of this study is to test the usefulness of the multiple discriminant, probit, and artificial neural network (ANN) models in predicting bankruptcy in the United States textile-related industry. Financial data is examined for 47 bankrupt and 104 non-bankrupt publicly-traded firms in the textile-related industry during the time period 1998-2004, which includes the events of the Asian currency crisis and increased competition from China. Models developed by Altman (1968), Altman (1983), Zmijewski (1984) are compared to ANNs based upon each of these models. A comparison to an ANN including all of the ratios of the previous models and variables for firm size and domestic sales is also made. The Altman (1968) model and ANN 68 model are found to have the higher predictive power for one and two years prior to bankruptcy, respectively, for bankrupt firms. The ANN 84 model and the ANN 83 model have the highest correct classification results for nonbankrupt firms for the entire time period. Solvency and leverage variables appear to have the most impact on the bankruptcy prediction of textile-related firms. The additional variables of firm size and domestic sales are not found to improve the predictive accuracy. This study supports the continued use of the original Altman (1968) model for predicting bankruptcy in a manufacturing industry. Simultaneous utilization of the ANN 83 model to predict nonbankrupt firms is also suggested since the majority of the Altman (1968) variables can be used and the higher potential for improved predictability. This study may be extended to years after 2004 with consideration given to quarterly information, NAICs codes, and leverage variable alternatives.

El proyecto planteado trata de un CETPRO, un Centro de Educación Técnico Productivo que tiene como usuarios principales a los adolescentes y jóvenes del distrito de Villa El Salvador. Las estadísticas presentan que más del 50% de estos usuarios desertan los estudios superiores para incorporarse al mercado laboral sin una previa preparación. Frente a ello, el principal problema que tiene el distrito es la falta de infraestructura para el desarrollo de una educación técnica productiva, en relación con la zona industrial. Actualmente, el distrito solo cuenta con 12 CETPROS, entre ellos, solo uno brinda especialidades de madera, mecánica y textilería, mientras los demás, desarrollan especialidades de estética personal, informática, repostería, entre otros. Sin embargo, estos centros educativos no desarrollan especialidades relacionadas directamente con la zona industrial, de los cuales tenemos: carpintería, cuero y calzado, metal mecánico y confección y textil. El proyecto busca a partir de estas carencias, brindar a los adolescentes y jóvenes un Centro de Educación Técnico Productivo con 5 especialidades, 4 de ellas mantendrán relación con la zona industrial y la última de administración y comercio para un completo desarrollo competitivo y laboral. Por lo tanto, se propone potencializar la zona industrial y el aumento económico del distrito. Como parte del análisis, se ha logrado reconocer y comprender el desarrollo de proyectos de educación técnica, a nivel local, nacional e internacional. Se ha identificado, el uso de espacios intermedios, en donde los usuarios realizan actividades cotidianas y de integración, es por ello que el énfasis del proyecto es “espacios intermedios”. El objetivo principal es generar espacios de mediación y relación entre las diferentes especialidades manteniendo una conexión visual, física y temporal entre los espacios interiores y exteriores. Finalmente, la motivación principal de este trabajo es poder incentivar a los adolescentes y jóvenes asistir a una educación técnico productivo, a través de una infraestructura con espacios adecuados y aptos para cada especialidad. La razón por la cual se ubica en Villa El Salvador es porque cuenta con diversos aspectos positivos que aportara en el desarrollo del primer CETPRO especializado. / The proposed project is about a CETPRO, a Center for Productive Technical Education whose main users are adolescents and young people from the district of Villa El Salvador district. Statistics show that more than 50% of these users drop out of higher education to enter the labor market without prior preparation. Against this, the main problem that the district has is the lack of infrastructure for the development of a productive technical education, in relation to the industrial zone. Currently, the district only has 12 CETPROS, among them, only one provides specialties of wood, mechanics and textiles, while the others develop specialties of personal aesthetics, confectionery, among others. However, these educational centers do not develop specialties directly related to the industrial zone, of which we have: carpentry, leather and footwear, mechanical metal and textile manufacturing. The project seeks, from these shortcomings, to provide adolescents and young people with a Center of Productive Technical Education with 5 specialties, 4 of them will maintain a relationship with the industrial zone of the district and the last one of administration and commerce for a complete competitive and labor development. Therefore, it is proposed to potentiate the industrial zone and the economic increase of the district. As part of the analysis, it has been possible to recognize and understand the development of technical education projects, locally, nationally and internationally. The use of intermediate spaces has been identified, where users carry out daily and integration activities, which is why the emphasis of the project is “intermediate spaces”. The main objective is to create spaces for mediation and relationship between the different specialties, maintaining a visual, physical and temporal connection between the interior and exterior spaces. Finally, the main motivation of this work is to be able to encourage adolescents and young people to attend a productive technical education, through an infrastructure with adequate spaces and suitable for each specialty. The reason why it is located in Villa El Salvador is because it has various positive aspects that will contribute to the development of the first specialized CETPRO. / Trabajo de investigación

The global unsustainable production and consumption patterns in the fashion and textile industry are a prevailing problem. With the rising trend of European brands reshoring their textile manufacturing and upcoming circular economy frameworks from the EU, the Turkish textile industry may face pressures to transform towards circularity in order to remain competitive. To address the research gap concerning prevalent challenges to implement circularity principles in the critical stage of product design, the purpose of this thesis is to explore the barriers to adopting circular product design in the Turkish textile sector from a manufacturers perspective. This study was conducted in Istanbul with eleven textile and apparel manufacturers of different kinds. To reach a nuanced understanding of each perspective, a qualitative research methodology, through semi-structured interviews with factory managers, was used. The empirical findings of barriers are categorised as internal (financial, responsibility, knowledge) and external (country- and industry-specific). Major internal barriers include prioritising profits over circularity, prioritising customer demand over circular design, and unfamiliarity with key concepts. Country-specific external barriers include lack of competent personnel in Turkey and harsh taxation policies. Industry-level barriers include insufficient resources, limited control over fast-fashion demands, and lack of innovative technologies. This thesis contributes to an increased understanding of the scarcely researched topic and enables practitioners to develop efficient policies and business strategies to ease sustainable business development. Future research is suggested to explore drivers and strategies to apply circular product design within the Turkish textile industry. Additionally, further research can be conducted where this study is replicated but from the perspective of brand retailers with procurement operations in Turkey.

The complex process of manufacturing woolen textiles contains a long chain of cooperation between resources, techniques and society. With a focus on South and Central Sweden, this study aims to trace the development of woolen textiles and its manufacture, how and why it changed and obtained an increased meaning from the Early Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age. Archaeological biography and materiality are used as theoretical concepts to firstly explore how textile tools, sheep husbandry and woolen textiles changed in occurrence and appearance over time and space. Secondly, by comparing these results, the study analyzes how the different source materials may have affected each other towards the advancement of woolen textiles. The results suggest that a successive increase of sheep among settlements, caused by probably ecological and/or economic factors, possibly led to an increase in wool that sparked the textile development with the creation of more advanced tools and techniques for making woolen textiles in a gradually higher quality. The relationships between people and woolen textiles, as well as its components of manufacture, also seems to have altered during the investigated period, sometimes probably due to influences from the outside world.

This thesis is dealing with the issue of risk management during order processing in manufacturing company, which is focused on textile production. Introduction of thesis is presenting theroretical basis. Practical part of the thesis is dealing with company introduction organizational structure of the body, product range, order progressing, OSH policy and environmental policy. Tools chosen for risk assessment techniques - analysis of the causes and consequences (Ishikawa diagram), analysis of possible errors and their consequences (FMEA) and the Pareto chart. The thesis aims to analyze the risks and for the most significant risks to process proposals for their elimination.

Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This report is an evaluation of the impact of the quotas imposed on clothing and textiles imported from China on the clothing and textile manufacturing industry in South Africa. On 28 August 2006 the Government of the Republic of South Africa and the Government of the People’s Republic of China concluded a memorandum in terms of which the export of certain tariff lines of the Chinese textile products to South Africa would be administered in accordance with the volumes specified in the memorandum for a period of two years. The fundamental objective of these import quotas was to provide South African clothing and textile firms the space in which to operate, with the aim of improving competitiveness in domestic and export markets in the long run. The Chinese market-share of South African global clothing imports has risen steadily to the mid-2006 level of just under 75 percent. It was claimed that because of the significant growth in imports from China between 63 000 to 67 000 jobs were lost in the domestic clothing and textile industry from March 2003 to September 2006. The effect of the imposition of the quotas is evaluated by comparing the state of the clothing and textile industry in South Africa prior to 2006, that is pre-quota imposition to the state of the industry up to two years after imposition of the quotas. Reference is made to employment in the clothing and textile industry in South Africa, the size of the industry in South Africa, the position of clothing retailers, labour costs and productivity, as well as the competitiveness of the local clothing and textile industry. The comparison shows that the import quotas did not solve the industry’s woes and that the trends prior to the imposition of the quotas continued. It further shows that the imposition of quotas had a detrimental effect on the welfare of consumers in the country. A change of tack for the industry’s policy makers and businesses is proposed. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die verslag is ‘n evaluering van die impak van kwotas ingestel op die invoer van klerasie en tekstiele vanuit China op die Suid Afrikaanse klerasie- en tekstiel-bedryf. Op 28 Augustus 2006 het die regerings van Suid-Afrika en China ‘n memorandum onderteken ingevolge waarvan die uitvoer van sekere Chinese tekstiel-tarieflyne na Suid-Afrika vir ‘n tydperk van twee jaar beperk sou word tot volumes gespesifiseer in die memorandum. Die doel van hierdie kwotas was om aan Suid Afrikaanse klerasie- en tekstiel-ondernemings die ruimte te skep om handel te dryf en sodoende hul mededingendheid in beide die plaaslike- en uitvoermarkte te verbeter. Die Chinese markaandeel van Suid-Afrikaanse klere-invoere het geleidelik gestyg tot net onder 75 persent in die middel van 2006. Arbeids-organisasies het aangevoer dat die aansienlike toename in invoere van China daartoe gelei het dat tussen 63 000 en 67 000 werksgeleenthede verlore gegaan het in die plaaslike klerasie- en tekstiel-bedryf vanaf Maart 2003 tot September 2006. Die effek van die kwota-instelling word geëvalueer deur die stand van die Suid-Afrikaanse klerasie- en tekstiel-bedryf voor 2006 - dit wil sê voor die instelling van die kwotas - te vergelyk met die stand van die bedryf vir ‘n tydperk van twee jaar ná die instelling van die kwotas. Verwysings word gemaak na die vlak van indiensneming in die Suid Afrikaanse klerasie- en tekstiel-bedryf, die grootte van die plaaslike bedryf, die posisie van klere-kleinhandelaars, arbeidskoste en produktiwiteit, asook die mededingendheid van die plaaslike bedryf. Die vergelyking toon dat die invoer-kwotas nie die bedryf verbeter het nie en dat tendense aanwesig voor die instelling van die kwotas steeds voortduur. Bowendien toon dit dat die instelling van die kwotas ‘n nadelige invloed gehad het op die welvaart van Suid-Afrikaanse verbuikers. ‘n Koersverandering vir die bedryf se beleidmakers en besighede word voorgestel.

La presente investigación analiza la influencia del Liderazgo Transformacional en la Intención de Rotación de los Trabajadores del Sector Textil Manufactura en Gamarra. Este es el Emporio Comercial con mayor participación de empresas textiles dentro del país y se considera como una de las mayores fuentes de empleo. Se realizó un estudio correlacional con una muestra de 376 personas, correspondiente a la cantidad total de la PEA existente en el Emporio Comercial. Con la finalidad de comprobar las hipótesis planteadas, se utilizó un análisis de datos con una regresión lineal simple para el objetivo general y regresión lineal múltiple para los objetivos secundarios. Los resultados obtenidos establecen que existe una relación directa y negativa entre el Liderazgo Transformacional y la Intención de Rotación, de tal forma que si uno crece, el otro disminuye, siendo en este caso que se pueda explicar el 9% de los cambios que se generen en la intención de rotación. Estos hallazgos resultan importantes y son de gran aporte de conocimiento para las micro y pequeñas empresas del Sector Textil Manufactura en Gamarra, con el fin de entender el impacto que causa el liderazgo transformacional en la intención de rotación de sus empleados y, con ello, la fuga de talentos y posible retraso en sus operaciones. / The present investigation analyzes the influence of Transformational Leadership in the Intention of Rotation of the Workers of the Textile Manufacturing Sector in Gamarra. This is the Commercial Emporium with the largest participation of textile companies within the country and is considered one of the largest sources of employment. A correlational study was carried out with a sample of 376 people, corresponding to the total amount of the EAP existing in the Commercial Emporium. In order to check the hypotheses presented, a data analysis was used with a simple linear regression for the general objective and multiple linear regression for the secondary objectives. The results obtained establish that there is a direct and negative relationship between Transformational Leadership and the Intention of Rotation, in such a way that if one grows, the other decreases, being in this case that 9% of the changes generated can be explained. in the intention of rotation. These findings are important and are of great knowledge contribution for the micro and small companies of the Textile Manufacturing Sector in Gamarra, in order to understand the impact that transformational leadership causes in the intention of rotation of its employees and, with it, the talent drain and possible delay in operations. / Tesis