Submitted by Nathália Faria da Silva (nathaliafsilva.ufv@gmail.com) on 2017-07-18T11:43:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 167457 bytes, checksum: 856da431cbb2db32d2c85bec8fb1d394 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-18T11:43:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 167457 bytes, checksum: 856da431cbb2db32d2c85bec8fb1d394 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-08-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Foram conduzidos quatro experimentos nas instalações do setor de avicultura do Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, de 16/08/04 a 15/09/04, com o objetivo de avaliar a influência de diferentes níveis de proteína bruta (PB) sobre as características de desempenho (ganho de peso, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar) e de carcaça (rendimento dos cortes no abate e taxa de deposição de gordura abdominal) de frangos de corte, machos e fêmeas, da linhagem Ross, nas fases de crescimento e terminação. No experimento 1 utilizou-se 880 machos, distribuídos em quantidades iguais em cinco tratamentos conforme o nível protéico da dieta: 16%, 17%, 18%, 19% e 20%. Todas as dietas foram formuladas com 3.100 kcal de EM/kg e 1,045% de lisina digestível, sendo que a idade inicial das aves era de 21 dias e final de 35 dias. No experimento 2 utilizou- se 880 fêmeas, distribuídas em quantidades iguais em cinco tratamentos conforme o nível protéico da dieta:15%, 16%, 17%, 18% e 19%. Todas as dietas foram formuladas com 3.100 kcal de EM/kg e 1,0% de lisina digestível, sendo que a idade inicial das aves era de 21 dias e final de 35 dias. No experimento 3 utilizou-se 800 machos, distribuídos em quantidades iguais em cinco tratamentos conforme o nível protéico da dieta:15%, 16%, 17%, 18% e 19%. Todas as dietas foram formuladas com 3.200 kcal de EM/kg e 1,0% de lisina digestível, sendo que a idade inicial das aves era de 37 dias e final de 49 dias. No experimento 4 utilizou-se 800 fêmeas, distribuídas em quantidades iguais em cinco tratamentos conforme o nível protéico da dieta:14%, 15%, 16%, 17% e 18%. Todas estas dietas foram formuladas com 3.200 kcal de EM/kg e 0,950% de lisina digestível, sendo que a idade inicial das aves era de 37 dias e final de 49 dias. Em todos os experimentos, a relação lisina com os aminoácidos metionina + cistina, treonina, triptofano, isoleucina, glicina + serina, arginina e valina foi mantida em: 74%; 65%; 18%; 67%; 158%; 108%; 77%, respectivamente. No experimento 1, os níveis de PB influenciaram linearmente o ganho de peso e a conversão alimentar, mas não influenciou o rendimento de carcaça e a deposição de gordura abdominal. No experimento 2, os níveis não influenciaram as características de desempenho e de rendimento de carcaça, mas influenciaram linearmente a taxa de deposição de gordura abdominal, que diminuiu proporcionalmente ao aumento do nível de PB da dieta. No experimento 3 e 4 os níveis protéicos não tiveram efeito significativo sobre as características de desempenho e de carcaça avaliadas. Desse modo, conclui-se aplicando o conceito de proteína ideal que: os níveis de PB para as dietas de machos e fêmeas em fase de crescimento são de 20% e 15%, respectivamente, e em fase de terminação os níveis de PB para as dietas de machos e fêmeas são de 15% e 14%, respectivamente. / Four experiments were conducted aiming to stabilish the ideal level of gross protein for broilers, in the growing and finishing stage. In the experiment I 880 male broiler chicks of Ross genetic, from 21 to 35 days age, were randonly alloted to one of five dietary tretments based on protein level (16, 17, 18, 19 and 20%) being all of them formulated for 3.100 kcal of EM/kg, and 1,045% of digestible lysine. In the experiment II 880 female broiler chicks of Ross genetic, from 21 to 35 days age, were randonly alloted to one of five dietarytreatments based on protein level (15, 16, 17, 18 and 19%) being all of them formulated for 3.100 kcal of EM/kg, and 1,000% of digestible lysine. In the experiment III 800 male broiler chicks of Ross genetic from 37 to 49 days age were randonly alloted in one of five dietary tretments based on protein level (15, 16, 17, 18 and 19%) being all of them formulated for 3.200 kcal of EM/kg, and 1,000% of digestible lysine. In the experiment IV 800 female broiler chicks Ross xGenetic from 37 to 49 days age were randonly alloted in one of five dietary tretments based on protein level (14, 15, 16, 17 and 18%) being all of them formulated for 3.200 kcal of EM/kg, and 0,950% of digestible lysine. In each of the four experiments the ratio of lysine to methionine plus cystine, treonine, triptophane, isolencine, glicine plus serine, arginine and valine have been manteined contant, taking into account the ideal protein standard. In the experiment I treatment had linear impact on daily gain and feed conversion. Yeld and abdominal fat content were not affected by treatmnt. In the experiment II the tretamnt did not affected daily gain, feed conversion or yeld, but did affected linearly abdominal fat content. In the experiment III and IV protein level did not affected any of the trials measured.in the four experiments protein level did not affected yeld and abdominal fat contet. This study shows that for growing stage , both male and female, crude protein requirement range is from 20 to 15%. For the finishing stage the crude protein requirement range is from 15 to 14%.

The main proponent of management of any animal species is habitat management. The ability of habitats to maintain species communities will depend on the variation in both habitat structure and composition. While spatial variation in habitat resources plays a critical role in determining the distribution of species, an equally important consideration that must be accounted for is temporal variation in the needs of the target species. Nutritional requirements, and thus the habitats used to fulfil those nutritional needs, will be different depending on if the individual is breeding, migrating, molting, enduring winter, or establishing a new range. For waterfowl, we currently assume that winter and migration are nutritionally stressful and are consequently the periods most limiting to populations. The theory of ideal free distribution assumes that animals distribute themselves according to the factor most limiting to their fitness. In the case of non-breeding waterfowl, this factor is believed to be food. We assume if habitats with abundant food resources are provided, waterfowl will make use of those habitats. Deviations from an ideal free distribution based on food become problematic for managers since these deviations will keep some areas from being exploited to their potential, while other areas may become over-exploited. Recent observations have made it clear that this assumption may need to be reconsidered for effective waterfowl management. In this dissertation I quantitatively examine the degree to which spring migrating waterfowl conform to, or deviate from, an ideal free distribution based on food. Since food availability was not expected to account for 100% of waterfowl distribution, I further investigated what other potential habitat components influence the distribution of spring migrating waterfowl. In the first chapter of this dissertation, I explicitly tested the influence of food availability on waterfowl distribution. A series of paired 0.42 ha (1 acre) plots were established in various habitat types. One plot in each pair was treated with corn to a density of 2000 kg/ha, while the remaining plot was used as a control. Background food availability was controlled for by taking core samples from each plot, and estimating the natural seed and invertebrate biomass. The abundance each species of waterfowl using the plots was recorded during morning and afternoon observation periods. Linear mixed models were used to assess how variations in food availability influenced distribution of waterfowl. Although the waterfowl community showed a significant preference for treatment plots, our ability to influence abundance was low. Food availability accounted for minimal variation in abundance of the waterfowl community as a whole or for each focal species. Since the results of the first chapter showed food availability to be a poor predictor of waterfowl distribution, in the second chapter I set out to determine other potential habitat variables could be responsible for driving waterfowl distribution during spring migration. After each observation period, a series of habitat structural measurements were made within each paired plot. Habitat measurements included water characteristics, vegetation structure, vegetation type, habitat type, and weather conditions. Linear mixed models and model selection were employed to determine which of the habitat characteristics showed the greatest ability to predict waterfowl abundance on study plots. Models containing precipitation and Wabash River flood stage predictor variables were the best performing, and were the best predictors of waterfowl abundance on study plots. The results from this chapter encouraged investigation into how environmental factors shape the formation of local duck communities are structured from regional pools. In the third chapter of this dissertation I investigate the relationship between local and regional waterfowl community structure and how this relationship is mediated through environmental filters which dictate what proportion of the regional species pool exists at local scales. To address this relationship, I tested three hypotheses: 1) resource availability drives species diversity at local scales; 2) similarity between local and regional habitats will result in a similar species community occurring at both scales, and; 3) increased heterogeneity of local habitat structure will result in more diverse waterfowl communities at local scales. I used Mahalanobis distance and cumulative standard deviation of habitat variables in conjunction with mixed models and model selection to compare hypotheses and determine which had the greatest potential for mediating local community structure from regional pools. Increasing resource abundance appeared to have the greatest influence over local duck diversity, but the model indicated that although species diversity could be increased by increasing food abundance, diversity at local scales would become saturated before becoming representative of the regional community.

ROCHA, Ravik Mesquita Moreira da. Semigrupos de Weierstrass e o ideal canônico de curvas não-trigonais. 2015. 68 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Matemática) - Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2015. / Submitted by Erivan Almeida (eneiro@bol.com.br) on 2015-09-23T16:20:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_rmmrocha.pdf: 944195 bytes, checksum: d936b6124752f6fbc8c18d133f5d81cd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rocilda Sales(rocilda@ufc.br) on 2015-09-23T16:24:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_rmmrocha.pdf: 944195 bytes, checksum: d936b6124752f6fbc8c18d133f5d81cd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-23T16:24:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_rmmrocha.pdf: 944195 bytes, checksum: d936b6124752f6fbc8c18d133f5d81cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar que se uma curva é não-trigonal, podemos obter através do teorema de Petri um conjunto mínimo de geradores para o seu ideal canônico e também conseguir um critério de não-trigonalidade. Para demonstrar esses fatos, o trabalho possui dois momentos. Primeiro desenvolve alguns resultados de semigrupos numéricos e a sua relação com a teoria clássica de curvas algébricas, para em seguida obter uma base monomial para o espaço de diferenciais regulares de ordem arbitrária. O trabalho será norteado pelo artigo de título: "Weierstrass Semigroups and the canonical ideal of non-trigonal curves" do autor Gilvan Oliveira. / Le but de ce travaill est de montrer que si une courbe est non trigonale, nous pouvouns obtenir a travers du th eor eme de Petri un ensemble minimal de g en erateurs pour son id eal canonique et aussi obtenir un crit ere de non trigonalit e. Pour d emontrer ces faits, le travail contient deux parties. Premi erement, il d eveloppe certains r esultats de semigroupes num eriques et leur relation avec la th eorie classique des courbes alg ebriques. Ensuite il obtient une base monomial pour l'espace des di erentielles r eguliers de ordre arbitraire. Le travail sera guid e par l'article: "Weierstrass Semigroups and the canonical ideal of non-trigonal curves" de l'auteur Gilvan Oliveira.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-15T11:46:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArquivoTotalReginaldo.pdf: 2356428 bytes, checksum: ddfd549c0749b44b5c772848742e7dce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In this work, our main objective is to introduce and investigate certain properties of the so-called primitive ideals of Pellikaan-Siersma, including a version relative to a pair of ideals and a generalization to higher order due to Jiang-Simis, as well as to apply such theory to the study of the conormal module M of an ideal in a quotient ring, with focus on an adequate description of its torsion part T(M) and on the freeness of the torsion-free module M=T (M). The connection between M and the second symbolic power of a certain ideal (the ideal whose conormal module is M) will also be highlighted. / Neste trabalho, nosso principal objetivo é introduzir e investigar certas propriedades dos chamados ideais primitivos de Pellikaan-Siersma, incluindo uma versão relativa a um par de ideais e uma generalização em ordem superior devida a Jiang-Simis, bem como aplicar tal teoria ao estudo do módulo conormal M de um ideal em um anel quociente, com foco em uma descrição adequada de sua torção T(M) e na liberdade do módulo livre-de-torção M=T (M). A conexão entre M e a segunda potência simbólica de um certo ideal (o ideal cujo módulo conormal é M) também será destacada.

This paper examines the importance that judgements of taste have within Kant’s Critique of Judgement. It claims that looking for de facto agreements about judgements of taste is a mistake and that disagreements, instead, are desirable. Following Kant in the antinomy of taste, judgments of taste are not based on determined concepts, but rather on an undetermined one. Since the concept is not determined one cannot exhibit it in a sensible intuition or make direct reference to it. It is argued that universal agreement does not seek de facto agreement, but rather the discovery of a common sense in which one discovers that others can feel the same as one does with respect to a given representation. This undetermined concept becomes a “regulative ideal”, unobtainable in so far as one cannot determine it, but to which one must aim in order to perfect one’s taste. It is in the sphere of discussion and disagreement that one confronts one’s judgements of taste. / Este trabajo investiga la importancia que tiene la discusión sobre juicios de gusto dentro de la Crítica de la facultad de juzgar de Kant. Se sostiene que buscar acuerdos de facto sobre juicios de gusto es un error y que, más bien, el desacuerdo es deseable. Siguiendo a Kant en la antinomia del gusto, los juicios de gusto no se basan en algún concepto determinado, sino en uno indeterminado. Al no ser determinado, no tenemos intuición sensible de dicho concepto ni podemos emplearlo directamente. No se trata de encontrar un acuerdo de facto para nuestra aspiración de acuerdo universal, sino del descubrimiento de un sentido común, en el que encontramos que los otros pueden sentir como uno ante una representación dada. Este concepto indeterminado se torna en un “ideal regulativo”, inalcanzable, en tanto no se puede determinar, pero al cual se debe apuntar para perfeccionar el gusto. Es en el campo de la discusión y el desacuerdo donde se confrontan los juicios de gusto.

El arte como acontecimiento y hechura humana es, para Hegel, uno de los modos a partir de los cuales el espíritu aprehende lo verdadero. como relación concreta con la verdad de cada época, el arte no puede ser puesto ni al servicio de la religión, ni de la filosofía, ni de la política. con Hegel, asistimos a una mirada sobre el arte con la cual este consigue su propio concepto, ganando autonomía ante otras formas de conocimiento; el arte, cuando encuentra en sí mismo su concepto, la idea o la verdad del espíritu de su propia época, es arte libre.

Submitted by João Arthur Martins (joao.arthur@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-12T19:20:12Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese Paulo de Mattos Neto.pdf: 1515151 bytes, checksum: 3e397f177c2aa59e8b4ff320aa9b7405 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-12T19:20:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese Paulo de Mattos Neto.pdf: 1515151 bytes, checksum: 3e397f177c2aa59e8b4ff320aa9b7405 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-11 / Diversos estudos econˆomicos que abordam s´eries temporais financeiras fazem uso da an´alise das s´eries de retorno. Os retornos correspondem `as altera¸c˜oes no pre¸co de uma a¸c˜ao num determinado per´ıodo, caracterizando o movimento de um determinado ativo ou mercado. Tradicionalmente, o ramo que aborda o estudo de mercados utilizando s´eries temporais financeiras ´e a Estat´ıstica. M´etodos estat´ısticos, tais como AR, MA e ARIMA, s˜ao largamente utilizados para an´alise de s´eries temporais. Na Ciˆencia da Computa¸c˜ao, a Inteligˆencia Computacional ´e o ramo que tem abordado esse problema, principalmente a partir de sistemas que visam `a previs˜ao de s´eries temporais. Entretanto, perspectivas promissoras tˆem sido vislumbradas por um ramo de estudo interdisciplinar que adv´em da F´ısica. A Econof´ısica analisa os mecanismos financeiros e econˆomicos utilizando ferramentas e modelagens da F´ısica Estat´ıstica. Assim, esse ramo de pesquisa pode ser utilizado para o desenvolvimento de m´etodos e abordagens inovadoras para o estudo de mercados de a¸c˜oes. Esse trabalho apresenta um m´etodo para an´alise de mercados de a¸c˜oes, utilizando os retornos de s´eries temporais financeiras. Baseado na hip´otese de que pode ser estabelecida uma analogia entre a dinˆamica dos mercados e o modelo de g´as ideal, um mercado simulado baseado em agentes foi desenvolvido. Nesse mercado os agentes e as a¸c˜oes tˆem um comportamento semelhante a um g´as ideal, que ´e um modelo te´orico composto por part´ıculas que se movem aleatoriamente, n˜ao interagindo, ou interagindo fracamente entre si. Assim, a ideia ´e modelar a dinˆamica dos mercados de a¸c˜oes, utilizando o modelo de um g´as ideal. A partir de resultados obtidos analisando as s´eries de retorno do mercado artificial, ´ındices financeiros provenientes de mercados de pa´ıses desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento em diversas janelas temporais nos per´ıodos de um, dois, cinco, dez e quinze anos tamb´em foram analisados. Tanto no mercado artificial como nos mercados reais, os resultados corroboram com a hip´otese que a dinˆamica do mercado de a¸c˜oes pode ser analogamente descrita por um modelo de g´as ideal, tornando o m´etodo uma op¸c˜ao promissora. Como aplica¸c˜ao, uma abordagem para classifica¸c˜ao de pa´ıses baseado no m´etodo proposto foi desenvolvida. Os resultados obtidos com a abordagem foram comparados com classifica¸c˜oes de organiza¸c˜oes internacionais.

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Since the achievement of independence, Mexican officials looked for ways to bring together a country of many disparate parts into a single modern nation. Indeed, like their neighbors to the north, many officials supported programs to forge disciplined, productive, and selfless citizens capable of guiding the country in the future through cutting-edge educational programs. When a nearly fifty-year period of civil war and instability came to an end with the rise of dictator-president Porfirio Diaz (1876-1911), the general promoted the first sports programs to toughen up and straighten out a citizenry his cabinet believed had weakened in the country's many refurbished cities. These programs were, nevertheless, exclusionary in practice. The "Indian Problem," as many public officials called it, remained a primary concern as the supposed natural backwardness of the masses was interpreted as a societal disease that, for many, had no known cure. Diaz's presidency, which directed money and attention to wealthy urban centers to the detriment of the countryside, came to end when the masses rose with workers and women to take the government. This social revolution, which began in 1910, was the first in the world and brought to power a generation of idealistic leaders from all walks of life. These leaders took on the country's most desperate problems with creative cultural programs that were often guided by science. For revolutionaries, sports became a primary means of transforming the disparate masses into ideal athlete-citizens under a mestizo-aesthetic that were enlightened by science and willing to sacrifice personal ambition for the greater good. Officials from the military, public health, and education sectors crafted plans to mold citizens based on their visions of the revolution, but women and indigenous people did as well. In some ways these programs failed to meet the lofty expectations of the most idealistic leaders. In others, the revolutionary sports programs were among the most successful government programs created. The work completed between 1920 and 1946 in sports culture and physical education set the stage for some of the country’s greatest sports accomplishments that followed, including winning the right to host the Pan-American Games in 1955 and the Olympics in 1968. Scholars have debated the importance of sports in politics and society for decades, but even though Mexican historians have extensively analyzed revolutionary cultural programs, study on sports has been relegated to a footnote. This dissertation argued that sports were, in fact, considered a primary means of transforming the supposedly backwards masses into ideal citizens for officials in nearly all official departments.