The thesis deals with the question of existence of long-term governmental integration concepts regarding national minorities and foreigners. The thesis analyses theoretical integration concepts, their types and their development. It describes national minorities living in the territory of the Czech Republic. It follows the creation and development of the governmental institutional structure for solving the issues of minorities and deals with the analysis of development of the legal framework and of governmental concepts regarding foreigners, national minorities and separately the Roma minority stressing concepts' quality and linkup. The goal of the thesis is to answer the question if the long-term concept regarding these issues exists, to what extent is the concept sophisticated, coherent and how continuously/discontinuously is the concept been promoted.

This thesis Position of Roma minority in the First Czechoslovak Republic focuses on position of ethnic and national minorities in the First Czechoslovak Republic between 1918 and 1938, specifically on position of Roma minority. Many scholars have already focused on the topic of position of minorities in the First Czechoslovak Republic, but only few focused their work on position of Roma minority. This topic still remains quite unexpolred. In the first part of my thesis, I will focus my research on disprooving claim, that we can consider Czechoslovakia as consociational democracy, by apllication of four basic consociational mechanisms on the political system of the First Czechoslovak Republic. In the second part of my research I will focus on position of Roma minority in Czechoslovak society by analyzing origins of Roma minority, laws focused on Roma minority and position of political parties and majority society towards Roma minority.

Åland har ett av världens mest omfattande nationalitetsskydd, men med snart hundra år på nacken är det inte alltid det går ihop med nyare konventioner om mänskliga rättigheter. Denna uppsats undersöker hur det åländska nationalitetsskyddet har kommenterats av Europarådets rådgivande kommitté i deras arbete med att övervaka implementeringen av ramkonventionen om skydd för nationella minoriteter. Dessa kommentarer och den åländska utvecklingen granskas i förhållande till Will Kymlickas teori om minoritetsnationalism, vilken framför att nationella minoriteter, liksom majoritetsbefolkningar, kan frångå en främlingsfientlig och exkluderande nationalism baserad på etnicitet och anta en inkluderande medborgerlig nationalism som är öppen och välkomnande gentemot invandring. För att detta ska ske menar Kymlicka att minoriteten behöver ett visst inflytande över immigrationsflöden och integrationsbestämmelser, där framför allt de senare utgör en viktig del av det åländska nationalitetsskyddet. Med hjälp av idéanalys har den åländska nationalismen analyserats, och resultaten visar att den har gått från att ha etniska inslag till att anta tydligt medborgerliga drag. Den åländska behörigheten gällande immigration och integration samt den rådgivande kommitténs övervakning har även kartlagts, vilket visar att kommittén hittills har kommit både med förslag som vid förverkligande skulle stärka det åländska nationalitetsskyddet och sådana som skulle försvaga det. / The Åland Islands enjoy one of the world’s most extensive systems of cultural and linguistic safeguards. It was, however, created almost one hundred years ago, which often makes its compliance with more recent human rights treaties complicated. This thesis examines how the Advisory Committee of the European Council has commented on the cultural and linguistic safeguards of the Åland Islands in its monitoring work regarding the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities. These comments and the Ålandic developments are analysed in relation to Will Kymlicka’s theory on minority nationalism, which states that national minorities, like majority populations, can leave a xenophobic and exclusionary nationalism based on ethnicity and adapt an inclusive civic nationalism that is open and welcoming towards immigration. Kymlicka argues that this requires that the minority exercise some control over the volume of immigration and over the terms of integration, where particularly the latter form an integral part of Åland’s cultural and linguistic safeguards. Ålandic nationalism has been analysed using an analysis of ideas, and the results show that it has gone from having ethnic features to showing clear civic characteristics. The competences of the Åland Islands in the areas of immigration and integration and the monitoring of the Advisory Committee have also been examined, which shows that the Committee so far has brought forward proposals that would strengthen the Ålandic safeguards as well as proposals that would weaken them.

The basic aim of the thesis is to provide a sufficient image of the German minority's, the so-called "Sudeten-Germans'", legal status in the first Czechoslovak republic. The author of the thesis decided to include also a brief outline of the legal status of nations in the era of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy besides the analysis of all the three law of national minorities mainstays, the way they are specified by today's jurisprudence, together with the description of their origin circumstances. This was the time when both the real and theoretical basis of the issue were formed, going hand in hand with historical events that predetermined the following historical development in this case. Space is also given to the international political situation which had, together with the international legislation, essential influence on the origins of domestic legislation dealing with the German minority's status and its incorporation into the Czechoslovak republic itself. The thesis is divided in two basic parts - Cisleithanian Law of National Minorities and Czechoslovak Law of National Minorities and Protection of Minorities. The first of them is formed by two chapters, out of which one is aiming at outlining the legal and political dimension of the Czecho-German question on the background of the...

Cette thèse explore l'impact du contexte historique (culturel, politique, démographique) et des politiques européennes sur l’éducation dans les langues des minorités nationales dans la Province autonome de Voïvodine de la République de Serbie au cours de la période 2001-2012.Nous avons analysé en détail les politiques et pratiques éducatives relatives aux minorités nationales en Voïvodine, du niveau primaire au niveau supérieur : les modèles d’enseignement, le réseau scolaire et la participation des élèves, l’accès des minorités nationales à l'enseignement supérieur et la formation des enseignants dans les langues minoritaires, la mise en oeuvre de l’autonomie culturelle dans le domaine de l’enseignement par les conseils nationaux des minorités nationales, et, enfin, la promotion du plurilinguisme au sein du système éducatif.Une étude empirique, conduite principalement à l’aide d’entretiens auprès des acteurs de terrain, démontre que malgré la diminution du nombre des personnes appartenant aux minorités nationales depuis la fin de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, le système éducatif en Voïvodine est fondé sur le respect des droits linguistiques des minorités nationales tel que défini au niveau européen et international. L’approche historique de notre recherche nous a permis d’identifier les traditions historiques comme un facteur clé des évolutions récentes de l’éducation dans les langues des minorités nationales.Si l'Union européenne ne dispose pas d'un modèle de référence pour l’évaluation du droit des minorités nationales à l’enseignement dans la langue maternelle, elle a néanmoins joué, à travers sa politique d’élargissement, un rôle important dans la mise en place d’une autonomie culturelle dans le domaine de l’éducation dans la langue maternelle des minorités nationales. / This thesis explores the impact of historical context (cultural, political, demographic) and of European policies on education in the languages of national minorities in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina of the Republic of Serbia during the period 2001-2012.We analyzed in detail the educational policies and practices relating to national minorities in Vojvodina, from primary to higher education: teaching models, the school network and the participation of pupils, the national minorities' access to higher education and training of teachers in minority languages, the implementation of cultural autonomy in the field of education by the national councils of national minorities, and finally, the promotion of plurilingualism in the education system.An empirical study, based mainly on interviews with actors in the field, shows that despite the decrease in the number of persons belonging to national minorities since the end of World War II, the education system in Vojvodina is based on respect for language rights of national minorities as defined at European and international level. The historical approach to our research has allowed us to identify historical traditions as a key factor in the recent developments in education in the languages of national minorities.Although the European Union does not have a reference model for evaluating the right to education of national minorities in their mother tongue, through its enlargement policy, it nevertheless played an important role in the establishment of cultural autonomy in the field of education in mother tongue of national minorities.

This Master?s thesis deals with a reflection of national minorities in textbooks of civic in elementary schools. The aim of this thesis is both theoretical research of civics textbooks and a practical exploration of attitudes of students and teachers of elementary schools in relation to minorities. The thesis contains three main parts. The first part deals with issues of multicultural community and explains the basic concepts that are associated with these issues. The next part, describes an author?s reflection of ethnic and national minorities in civics textbooks. The last part is dedicated to the research where a questionnaire survey was used. It maps attitudes of students and teachers of elementary schools to ethnic and national minorities

The thesis deals with the government's policy towards national minorities in Slovakia after 1993. It focuses on policies towards the two most populous minorities in Slovakia (Hungarian and Roma minority) mainly in two key spheres -- culture and education. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the development of the minority policy towards Hungarians and Roma people and to asses individual factors that causes its changes. The goal is also to compare the approach of government coalitions towards these two minorities. The continuity of these policies is mainly observed. Policies can be influenced by internal and external factors. International organizations -- Council of Europe, European Union and OSCE -- and Hungarians are set as external factors and different government coalition in Slovakia as internal. Last question that thesis deals with is if the triadic nexus (as characterized by Rogers Brubaker) between nationalism of Slovak government, Hungary and Hungarian minority in Slovakia can influence also minority policy towards Roma. Despite all these factors that have an influence on government's minority policy after 1993 in Slovakia, it is continual.

No / The rights of minorities are becoming increasingly important, especially in the context of enlargement of the European Union, yet there are remarkably few treaties dealing with minority rights under international law. One of these is the Council of Europe's Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities. This volume provides the first expert commentary on the Convention, which is the principal international document establishing minority rights in a legally binding way. Many minority rights such as those to political participation, non-assimilation, and the use of native languages are not incorporated in other major Human Rights agreements. The Convention is therefore often taken to be the leading standard in the international law of minority rights.

This study investigates the portrayal of Sweden's five national minorities in textbooks adapted for the Swedish National Curriculum (Lgr11) in grades 7-9. In 2022, the curriculum and syllabi (Lgr22) for compulsory school, compulsory special needs education, Sámi school, and special schools were revised. This, coupled with the varied availability of updated textbooks across Sweden, indicates a risk that the teaching taking place in the subject of social studies in grades 7-9 may present Sweden's five national minorities in a manner inconsistent with Lgr22. To address the study's research questions, a critical multimodal discourse analysis was employed, revealing that textbooks adapted for Lgr11 present the national minorities in a manner incongruent with Lgr22 and highlighting challenges in how the national minorities are represented in the textbooks. There is a need for a more diverse and inclusive treatment of these groups to promote a fairer and more representative portrayal of society. Textbooks must acknowledge and incorporate various perspectives and experiences from national minorities to foster understanding and respect for diversity in society. Thus, it can also be argued that the need for updated textbooks on the subject of social studies is of paramount importance.

Kazakhstan: Mortality in European context (comparison with selected European countries and nationalities) Abstract The aim of this diploma thesis is to anylized mortality rates in Kazakhstan and compared it with selected European countries. In the begining of the thesis is brief outline of history and development of ethnic composition in this Central Asian Republic. Another section contains a comparison of the economic and social conditions in Kazakhstan with two selected European countries - the Czech Republic and Sweden. The thesis continues with comparison and development of the most important mortality indicators in the three above mentioned countries. One of the used criteria summarizes findings from the comparison of mortality backgrounds of three selected European minorities living in Kazakhstan (Germans, Russians and Ukrainians) with their country of origin. This comparison shows a big difference for German nationality, for Russians and Ukrainians the differences are minimal. The concept of avoidable mortality was also used for comparison mortality conditions in selected countries. The results show a low level of health care system in Kazakhstan. The analysis shows a clear gap in Kazakhstan levels of mortality in comparison with selected European countries and nations. Keywords: Kazakhstan, The...