It is predicted that over the coming years the human population will increase and as a result of that, so will the world’s cities increase in size and population. The city has always been a melting pot for human advance and improvements, but that is not to say that cities always have been good places to live in, nor that they today are good to live. The lesson from this is not to abandon the city, rather it is time to face the challenge equipped with modern technology and the knowledge of past mistakes and make good a city. This paper proposes, through the form of a manifesto some design-based solutions to make the city better. The basis for these solutions which come in the form of DO´s and DON´Ts are a number of books and articles that have discussed the future of the city, transportation in the city and the transformations of the city. The work is a theoretical starting point for a discussion about the future of the city. Key take a way’s from the text is how to make people use their bodies in the city through walking and biking, and how to designing cities that are dense and mixed enough so that people can walk in them. The manifesto is working alongside the design proposal of my thesis. The manifesto is being applied to the north part of Ön in the Umeå river to inform decisions for the design proposal. The thesis aims to propose an alternative plan for Ön together with one in-depth development. The proposal takes the aim expressed by the municipality for Ön, to “build city” and develops on that notion. I concluded that the politician has realized young people like the city, and thusly they think that a new city should be built on Ön when developing Umeå. It does not signal to me that the municipality knows what makes a city, nor what makes a good city, something that the thesis sets out to answer.

Este estudo objetiva a sistematização do conhecimento, através de uma abordagem multidisciplinar, de forma a conformar uma proposta inicial de protocolo de gestão ocupacional e ambiental em grandes túneis urbanos em âmbito nacional. Há na presente pesquisa uma atenção particular aos túneis urbanos dedicados ao tráfego de veículos automotores, devido às suas características físico-espaciais que os tornam especialmente perigosos e tóxicos aos seus usuários e aos funcionários envolvidos. A relativa carência de material bibliográfico de caráter sistêmico e específico no Brasil enseja à busca por referências em documentos desenvolvidos em outros países. Ainda que em nível preliminar, a compilação crítica de dados, normas e referências pesquisadas, à luz do contexto e dos instrumentos normativos brasileiros referentes ao tema, traduz-se no aspecto original desta proposta dissertativa, a ser possivelmente utilizada como ponto de partida para estudos mais extensos. São abordadas as seguintes disciplinas relativas ao objeto de pesquisa: a) Características físico-espaciais; b) Formas de uso; c) Sistema de ventilação e exaustão; d) Sistema de iluminação; e) Sistema de segurança contra sinistros e incêndio; f) Sistema de fiscalização e orientação de tráfego, comunicação e sinalização; g) Sistema de drenagem; h) Sistema de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos. O túnel Rebouças (1962-1965) e o túnel Engenheiro Raymundo de Paula Soares (Linha Amarela) (1997), distanciados por mais de três décadas, foram escolhidos como estudos de caso, não tão somente devido aos seus portes, fluxos intensos de veículos etc., mas também devido aos contextos das evoluções normativas em que se inserem. / Aiming to establish an initial proposal for an environmental and operational management protocol for large urban tunnels, one that could be applied nationwide, this study also intends to systematize, through a multidisciplinary approach, the state of the art on the subject. In this survey it will be given particular attention to vehicular urban tunnels. Due to its physical and spatial characteristics they are especially dangerous and toxic to both their users and employees involved in maintenance. Given the lack of systematic and specific bibliographic material in Brazil it was necessary to inquire about references, studies and investigations developed in other countries. A critical compilation of such data, standards and benchmarks, while in its initial level, considering the Brazilian context and the actual legal instruments, may reflect the original feature of this essay. It is hoped that the results can be used as a starting point for other extensive studies. Considering the main focus of this research, the following topics are discussed: a) physical and spatial characteristics; b) usage and operation; c) ventilation and exhaust system; d) lighting system; e) accidents prevention, security and fire protection system; f) management, traffic supervision, communication and signaling system; g) drainage system; h) solid waste management system. The two tunnels, Rebouças (1962-1965) and Engenheiro Raymundo de Paula Soares (Linha Amarela) (1997), both located in Rio de Janeiro and more than three decades apart, were selected as case studies, not only Because of their size, intensity of flows etc., but also because of the changing normative contexts in which they operate.

Este estudo objetiva a sistematização do conhecimento, através de uma abordagem multidisciplinar, de forma a conformar uma proposta inicial de protocolo de gestão ocupacional e ambiental em grandes túneis urbanos em âmbito nacional. Há na presente pesquisa uma atenção particular aos túneis urbanos dedicados ao tráfego de veículos automotores, devido às suas características físico-espaciais que os tornam especialmente perigosos e tóxicos aos seus usuários e aos funcionários envolvidos. A relativa carência de material bibliográfico de caráter sistêmico e específico no Brasil enseja à busca por referências em documentos desenvolvidos em outros países. Ainda que em nível preliminar, a compilação crítica de dados, normas e referências pesquisadas, à luz do contexto e dos instrumentos normativos brasileiros referentes ao tema, traduz-se no aspecto original desta proposta dissertativa, a ser possivelmente utilizada como ponto de partida para estudos mais extensos. São abordadas as seguintes disciplinas relativas ao objeto de pesquisa: a) Características físico-espaciais; b) Formas de uso; c) Sistema de ventilação e exaustão; d) Sistema de iluminação; e) Sistema de segurança contra sinistros e incêndio; f) Sistema de fiscalização e orientação de tráfego, comunicação e sinalização; g) Sistema de drenagem; h) Sistema de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos. O túnel Rebouças (1962-1965) e o túnel Engenheiro Raymundo de Paula Soares (Linha Amarela) (1997), distanciados por mais de três décadas, foram escolhidos como estudos de caso, não tão somente devido aos seus portes, fluxos intensos de veículos etc., mas também devido aos contextos das evoluções normativas em que se inserem. / Aiming to establish an initial proposal for an environmental and operational management protocol for large urban tunnels, one that could be applied nationwide, this study also intends to systematize, through a multidisciplinary approach, the state of the art on the subject. In this survey it will be given particular attention to vehicular urban tunnels. Due to its physical and spatial characteristics they are especially dangerous and toxic to both their users and employees involved in maintenance. Given the lack of systematic and specific bibliographic material in Brazil it was necessary to inquire about references, studies and investigations developed in other countries. A critical compilation of such data, standards and benchmarks, while in its initial level, considering the Brazilian context and the actual legal instruments, may reflect the original feature of this essay. It is hoped that the results can be used as a starting point for other extensive studies. Considering the main focus of this research, the following topics are discussed: a) physical and spatial characteristics; b) usage and operation; c) ventilation and exhaust system; d) lighting system; e) accidents prevention, security and fire protection system; f) management, traffic supervision, communication and signaling system; g) drainage system; h) solid waste management system. The two tunnels, Rebouças (1962-1965) and Engenheiro Raymundo de Paula Soares (Linha Amarela) (1997), both located in Rio de Janeiro and more than three decades apart, were selected as case studies, not only Because of their size, intensity of flows etc., but also because of the changing normative contexts in which they operate.

Samverkan mellan Trafikverket och kommunen i styrningen av rummet är vad som studeras i denna uppsats. Dessa två aktörers makt och ansvar i den övergripande samhällsutvecklingen ses som stort, varför samverkan mellan dessa aktörer är intressant att undersöka. En central utgångspunkt i studien är att målet med samhällsplanering är den goda staden. Trafikverkets interna styrdokument Etablera samverkan, vars riktlinjer ämnar öka graden av samverkan mellan Trafikverket och Sveriges kommuner i samhällsplaneringsprocessens tidiga skeden med hjälp av överenskommelser, utgör initiativet till detta uppsatsämne. Överenskommelser om samverkan är sedan tidigare etablerade i Trafikverkets Region Mitt och när implementering av samverkansöverenskommelser bedrivs aktivt på nationell nivå inom Trafikverket blir utvärderingen av dessa överenskommelser viktig. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer med informanter som arbetar utifrån skilda samverkansformer, samt innehållsanalys av centrala dokument, skapas en bild av samverkan mellan dessa aktörer. Studien syftar till att undersöka vilka attityder och roller som styr förutsättningar för aktörerna att samverka i tidiga skeden, samt hur en överenskommelse om samverkan påverkar dessa attityder och roller. Syftet uppnås genom tre frågeställningar: Hur yttrar sig attityder hos respektive aktör kring samverkan och överenskommelser som reglerar samverkan? Hur kan samverkansprocessen påverkas av överenskommelser? Vilka olika roller har de två aktörerna i samhällsutvecklingen och hur yttrar det sig när de ska samverka i styrningen av rummet? Utifrån en socialkonstruktivistisk ansats och med en bakgrund i kulturgeografiskt rumsperspektiv, nyliberal governance samt kommunikativ planeringsteori besvaras dessa frågeställningar. Resultatet visar på ett stort förtroende för dialogbaserad samverkan som har potential att föda förståelse och enighet. Resultatet visar att överenskommelser tillför ett antal värden till samverkan som samtliga informanter ser som positiva. Resultatet visar även att kommunen och Trafikverket har olika roller i samhällsutvecklingen. De arbetar på olika skalor och med olika, om än liknande, mål. När dessa aktörer samverkar tydliggörs deras skilda uppdrag och roller. Att motsättningar och meningsskiljaktigheter finns upplevs som en naturlig del i samverkansprocessen och samverkan kan ses som ett gemensamt antagande att utifrån respektive parts uppdrag och roller, gemensamt bygga den goda staden.

Wie funktioniert Stadtplanung in einem politischen Zeitalter, in dem Dialogfähigkeit eine Tugend und eine Notwendigkeit zugleich ist? Die Stadtplanung, die als institutionalisierte Technokratie zielorientierte Effektivität anstrebt und doch schwer fassbar ist, wurde zum Gegenstand ständiger öffentlicher Anfechtungen und obliegt einer immer häufigeren politischen Rechenschaftspflicht. Mit der unablässigen Forderung nach mehr städtischer Demokratie verschieben sich die Schwerpunkte und Wertvorstellungen der Stadtplanung hin zu mehr Öffentlichkeitsarbeit, Partizipation und Transparenz. In der vorliegenden Dissertation wird ein pragmatischer, von der Akteur-Netzwerk-Theorie inspirierter Forschungsansatz verwendet, um die zum Teil widersprüchlichen Auswirkungen des planerischen Strebens nach urbaner Lebensqualität im Zusammenspiel mit den öffentlichen Maßnahmen zu untersuchen. Unter dem Einfluss einer sich neu definierenden Norm, veränderten Werten und zunehmender Bürger:innenbeteiligung wird Stadtplanung als ein Ensemble von Situationen und Ereignissen beleuchtet, welche durch das Aufgreifen aktueller Fragen die Öffentlichkeit erreichen. Durch die Gegenüberstellung von drei verschiedenen Stadtverwaltungen -–Lissabon, Wien und Zürich–- und deren politischen Hintergründe, analysiert die Dissertation empirisch die Entstehung städtischer Herausforderungen als kollektives Anliegen angesichts der verschiedenen Formen öffentlichen Handelns in der Stadtplanung. Mit anderen Worten, es werden Beispiele der Stadtplanung in einer Vielzahl von Erscheinungsformen und Konfigurationen untersucht, indem analysiert wird, wie das Vorhandensein verschiedenster Weltanschauungen zu einer gemeinsamen Expertise hybridisiert wird. Zu diesem Zweck wird die Stadtplanung nicht als eine feste Modalität betrachtet, die zu téchne oder démos gehört, oder periodisch definiert wird; sondern als öffentliche Angelegenheit und Gemeingut, wobei hinterfragt wird, wie „gutes“ städtisches Leben an der Schnittstelle von Politik, Wissenschaft und Ethik problematisiert wird. / How does city planning work in a political age where being dialogic constitutes a virtue and imperative at once? Known as institutionalised technocracy and bounded polity, city planning has come to be the object of continuous acts of public contestation, and the subject of an increasing prevalence of political accountability. With a relentless demand for increased urban democracy, the conduits and implications of city planning are reassembled into novel layers of visibility, worth, transparency and discernibility. The present dissertation endorses a pragmatist-inspired ANT-lens to examine the adverse itineraries of planning’s pursuit to achieve good city life, and what sustains its current co- constitutions as a public action. Subject to normative shifts, value variations and civic engagements, city planning is investigated as an ensemble of situations and events that involves the particular urgent attribution of problems to publics. By juxtaposing political backgrounds from three diverse city administrations –– Lisbon, Vienna, and Zurich–– the dissertation empirically inquires the emergence of urban issues as collective concerns, in the face of planning’s various modes of public action. In other words, samples of city planning across a variety of expressions and configurations are examined, by analysing how the presence of many truths are framed, counter-framed and hybridised into shared expertise. To this end, city planning is studied not as a fixed modality belonging to téchne or démos, or as a periodic abyss, but as public matter and common good, questioning how good urban living is problematised at the intersection of politics, science and ethics.