Leadership and governance have been under scrutiny and the object of debate for decades in public and private sector, as well as in Public Administration discourse in general. Such debates are fuelled by theories that seem to be embedded within Public Administration. It is because both practitioners and scholars of Public Administration continue to allude to underpinning theories, even in modern public administration, regarding bureaucracy or organisational design, decision-making, leadership, the human element in public administration, systems, policy and environmental analysis, as well as their importance in public administration. The aforementioned aspects are regarded as pillars in conceptual analysis of public administration and become useful in understanding the role of leaders in public organisations, the importance of systems to improve governance and understanding of public finance in public administration. This will in turn lead to an understanding of public financial management systems in order to ascertain whether the government departments do apply, understand and comply public financial management systems as crafted within different policy frameworks. Such a conceptual analysis of public administration is crucial to this research as it provides a fundamental theoretical framework for the study. It gives meaning to ‘public finance in public administration’ and also put the study into the context of public administration. What is to be borne in mind is that public administration does not operate in a cocoon, but is exposed to environmental factors like social, economical, political and technological factors. It is therefore significant that public servants, the leadership in particular, display a high level of ability to analyse and scrutinise such an environment because the latter has an influence on internal departmental operations, the approach to service delivery and policy frameworks in general. This research also shows that there is a shift from traditional public administration towards public management. The former is regarded to be focusing on rules, control, strict procedures and inputs instead of results (outcomes) and the latter is known for innovation in service delivery, flexibility and accountability and the promotion of managerialism. The study reveals that the South African Public Service through its reforms has adopted public ‘management’ instead of ‘administration’. Such reforms are explicitly reflected in its evolving public finance management systems that originate from the South African Constitution, 1996 and implemented by Public Finance Management Act (PFMA), 1999. It is in this context that the PFMA is observed as a model of governance in the Public Service and also used as a case study throughout the research. In explaining governance from the public finance perspective, institutions and structures that support governance are identified, integrated approach to risk management is also identified in order to support the theory of governance and its application in the Public Service. Therefore, the study analyses leadership, particularly the managerial leadership by focusing and scrutinising on senior management service (SMS) in the South African Public Service, as well as governance. The PFMA will be used as a case study by taking into account public finance management systems in the public service. / Thesis (PhD (Public Affairs))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA) / PhD / unrestricted

The passage of the Unemployment Assistance Act in July, 1956 represented a significant break with the traditional approach to public assistance in Canada for it brought Dominion government participation into a field always regarded as the exclusive responsibility of the provinces. This study has been undertaken to consider its implications for Social Security in Canada, including the effects of the Act on existing provincial programs. The method of study has been both historical and analytical. In order to identify the political and social factors which lead to this radical change in attitude on the part of the Dominion, Parliamentary debates have been reviewed and the proceedings of Dominion-Provincial conferences studied. In addition, such reports as that of the Royal Commission on Dominion-Provincial Relations, the National Employment Commission and the various publications of the Canadian Welfare Council were useful sources of information. A study of the legislation itself was essential to analyze its effects on provincial programs and this was done in conjunction with a review of provincial legislation pertinent to the subject. A definitive evaluation of the legislation is limited by the fact that it is of such recent origin that there has been little time to study its total effect. Furthermore, an amendment to the Act which took effect on January 1, 1958 broadened the terms of the legislation to extend the degree of participation by the Dominion. Significant points which do emerge however, are; (a) Those provinces which have developed high standards in their public assistance programs are the principal beneficiaries under the legislation, (b) Those provinces which have relied heavily on Mothers' Allowances to meet the needs of a large segment of dependent persons are at a serious financial disadvantage, (c) The application of the Act is uneven among the provinces because of the wide variations in services offered. An important element in the legislation is the abolition of residence regulations between the participating provinces, a step which may bring an end to one of the most vexing problems in public welfare administration. / Arts, Faculty of / Social Work, School of / Graduate

An increasing desire on the part of the public to have more control over the environment in which they live is raising demands for a more decentralized decision-making structure. These demands mean a change in the power structure. Information has become the source of power and control. If citizens are to be involved equally in decisions, it means they must have freer access to the reception and distribution of information - especially in the mass media. Television as a medium has the capacity to deeply involve people and to transmit a large volume of information. In Canada, the content of broadcast television is controlled by the government agency, the CBC, and private broadcasters. Financial interests (advertisers and stockholders) can exert strong influence on programme content. A scarcity of broadcast channels and very expensive and complicated equipment restrict access to broadcast television. Cable television offers a solution. It has a potential capacity of eighty-two channels; it does not require as sophisticated equipment; and the Canadian Radio-Television Commission requires the cable system operator to provide a community channel. Free access by citizens to a cable channel for expression and information is the basis of community television. Several cases, in which media access and citizen influence over decisions were improved, were examined. The Fogo Island project exhibited the power of film to help a community to formulate its goals and define solutions to its problems. The Drumheller project used video-tape, instead of film, to the same ends. In both these projects the citizens controlled the content of the "programmes". The Barrie experiment used two electronic media (television and telephone) for dialogue. The content of the programme was determined by a community committee. The Richmond project used electronic dialogue but the content was greatly influenced by a technical panel. The experiment in the West End was designed to spur discussion of the future of that area, to interest some residents in the use of video and cable television for expression of their attitudes about West End life and some directions for development. On a small scale the experiment was successful; the extension over a longer period of time will determine its final outcome. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate

L’étude de la durée des délégations de service public a été pour longtemps marginalisée bien que cette notion constitue un élément essentiel du contrat. Néanmoins, depuis le début des années 1990 et notamment avec l’adoption de la loi Sapin, la conception de la fixation de la durée et de l’encadrement de sa prolongation a connu une importance grandissante. Elle a été conçue comme le moyen le plus apte à garantir la lutte contre la corruption et les rentes de situations. Cependant les modalités de la détermination de la durée ont été rattachées à des notions variables tel l’amortissement, ce qui a rendu la fixation préalable de la durée d’une impossibilité évidente. De ce fait, cette fixation telle qu’exercée aujourd’hui en matière des délégations de service public, souffre d’une grave incohérence tant dans sa conceptualisation que dans son application. Par conséquent, cette théorie n’a pas réussi à préserver le service public et à trouver une sorte de compromis entre le délégant et le délégataire qui tient compte primordialement de l’intérêt du service et de l’usager. Il semble que seule la théorie de la durée variable, liée aux résultats de l’exploitation saurait remédier aux difficultés que soulève une constante variation des circonstances. Dans cette perspective, désencombrer la durée nous pousse à amplifier le contrôle et à élargir l’imperium du magistrat pour assurer la sauvegarde du service public. / The study of the duration of delegation of public services has long been marginalized despiet it being an essential element of the contract. However, since the early nineties, and with the adoption of the Sapin law, the concept of the determination of the duration and of the frames setting out its extension has received increased attention. It has been seen as the most appropriate means to guarantee the fight against corruption. Nonetheless, the modalities of determination of the duration have been linked to multiple notions such as amortization, which has rendered an early determination of the duration impossible. As a consequence, the determination of the duration, as practised today, suffers from serious incoherences in both concept and application. Therefore, this theory has failed to protect public services and permit compromise between the delegate and the person being delegated to, primarily taking into account the best interests of the service and the user. It appears that only a theory of a variable duration, linked to the results of the operation would remedy the difficulties raized by the ever-changing circonstances. In this perspective, simplifiying the duration would lead to increased control and power of the judge in order to safeguard public services.

In the era of post-industrial society/world knowledge becomes ever more important source of wealth. This process is being reflected by public service. Part of the changes in the public service is also the term 'e-learning', alias education supported by web technologies. This new method is currently expanding also into the area of civil servants education and therefore I have decided to write my diploma thesis on "E-learning in public service". The aim of the thesis is above all to analyse current civil servants' in the public service education, to explain the term of e-learning, and last but not least to controvert or confirm the hypothesis whether the e-learning way of education of public servants has a chance to spread or even make it to the top of preferred forms of education.

This research investigates how public service organisations (PSO’s) use public procurement, referred to as the acquisition of goods and services by PSOs, to analyse the processes through which a PSO acquires innovative goods and services in order to improve public services. Despite a number of success stories from the literature (Phillips et al, 2007; Uyarra, 2010; Yeow et al, 2011), PSOs struggle to procure and implement innovation (e.g. Uyarra et al, 2014a). One major reason for this lack of innovation procurement and adoption is the nature of governance of the procurement process in the public sector (Rolfstam, 2009).Drawing from the public sector and organisational governance literature, this research develops a conceptual framework to investigate how internal, managerial and external governance affects the willingness and ability of PSOs to procure innovative goods and services. External governance refers to overarching bodies of organisations and institutions situated outside the PSO which influences policy and organisational arrangements of PSOs. Managerial governance refers to organisational actors and other stakeholders brought together to form governing boards which directly control and support the PSO leader. Internal governance refers to the day-to-day operations and delivery of a public service. This research adopts a positivist approach with a deductive inquiry process. Using the English secondary education system as the PSO under investigation this research utilises a mixture of quantitative (survey to two types of secondary schools in England) and qualitative methods (four case studies). The findings of this research indicate that these three governance levels influence PSOs procuring innovation in a number of ways. External governance can determine the decision-making process and what can and cannot be procured to improve the service and how budgets are used for innovations. External governance can also act as a source of expertise and knowledge, create opportunities and incentivise PSOs by establishing conditions, mechanisms and access to large scale programmes and initiatives. Similarly, managerial governance entails actors to act as gatekeepers in the decision making process, assisting in procurements by leveraging expertise from other positions and improving the chances of procuring innovation through partnership arrangements with internal governance actors. At the internal governance level, procurement of innovation is greatly improved when ‘champions’ support innovative solutions and when staff responsible for the delivery of the service (i.e. teachers) specify requirements. This research makes three contributions. Firstly, it develops a conceptual framework for public procurement of innovation (PPI) with governance at the centre. Secondly, it adds to the growing body of literature of PPI practice and the barriers faced by PSOs. Finally, this research pays attention to education, a public service sector that has been overlooked by previous studies. Consequently, this research may help policy-makers and practitioners to better understand the governance of PPI.

Thesis (MPA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2017. / Refer to document

Dissertation (MA (Drama and Film Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2002. / Drama / unrestricted

Following Russias invasion of Ukraine on February 24th 2022, the public service agencies in Sweden that broadcast news aimed at children immediatley faced the challenge of reporting on an ongoing war in Europe. Without leaving information out, and without causing panic or fear. The purpose of this study has been to examine how public service reports on war when the information is directed at children. Analyzing editorial decisions and media pedagogy have therefore been focus points. The methods used were both qualitiative and quantitative content analysis, and the material consisted of Lilla aktuellt (Swedish television news for children) and Juniornyheterna (Swedish radio news for children) broadcasts betwwen the 24th of February and 24th of April 2022. The result display that main events regarding the war were covered, and a child perspective was constantly present. One of the main differences between radio and tv was the amount of political content, eher Lilla aktuellt included more politics than Juniornyheterna. However, both frequently used media logic, and adapted information to children in a way that was considered pedagogically adequate.

Public service in Sweden is one of the biggest employers for journalists. But there are numerous articles out there talking about the problematic working conditions that journalists have to deal with on a daily basis. The most frequent reasons that describe the working conditions for journalists are high stress, overworked, no time and short-term employment.  This study aims to examine how poor working conditions affect journalists at Public service, what the consequences for the journalists are, and how it impacts the quality of journalism. Journalistic professionalism can be described as how journalists see themselves. Normative ideas defining journalistic work, ethics and what the mission of a journalist is, what's important and the journalistic ideals are strong among journalists in Sweden. And today this is challenged by managerialism, which focuses on how the organization can evolve and promote organizational efficiency, business ideals and how the organization itself can move forward and reach the goals. This leads the organization further from in this case the values of journalisms. And in the end can affect the duty of Public service and in the long run also affect the most important job a journalist has which is being the fourth estate. A qualitative interview study was adopted for this study. We conducted in depth interviews with six journalists that work or have worked at Public service. By doing this the result of the study shows that poor working conditions like efficiency, affects the journalistic process and the result is negative. And in the end it also affects the democracy which is according to Public service themself the most important task they have. But as mentioned above journalists have a strong professional identity, even though the working conditions are not good, they still stay because of  professionalism.