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Gebruikersperspektief in die Afrikaanse leksikografieFouche-Van der Merwe, Michele 03 1900 (has links)
288 leaves single sided printed, preliminary pages and numbered pages 1-275. Includes bibliography. Digitized using a Bizhub 250 Scanner to pdf format (OCR). / Thesis (DPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 1999. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to investigate the user perspective in Afrikaans
lexicography. Placing the user and his needs first, research was done to determine
the user-friendliness of Afrikaans dictionaries. In order to conduct such research
user target groups had to be identified. This was problematic, since until now,
almost no research on Afrikaans dictionary users had been done. An overview of
the research on the user perspective is given in the first chapter.
Since the teaching of dictionary use in schools forms a substantial part of the user
perspective, the present state was investigated. As a result the necessity of
teaching of dictionary use in schools has been emphasized and some improvements
in this regard have been suggested.
The following Afrikaans dictionaries were studied to determine their userfriendliness:
Verklarende Handwoordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal (HAT) and
Verklarende Afrikaanse Woordeboek (VAW), Basiswoordeboek van Afrikaans (BA),
Reader's Digest Afrikaans-Engelse Woordeboek/English-Afrikaans Dictionarv (RD)
and Groot Tesourus van Afrikaans (GT). These dictionaries were investigated with
regard to their functions, textual segments and transfer of information. Some more
user-friendly models for dictionaries have been suggested.
The study is aimed at the metalexicographer, since it has been approached from a
theoretical point of view, but also at the practical lexicographer because practical
dictionary use has been investigated. Ultimately, it is hoped that this study will
contribute towards more user-friendly dictionaries that put the user first. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie is om die gebruikersperspektief in die Afrikaanse
leksikografie na te vors. In die studie word die gebruiker en sy behoeftes sentraal
gestel en daar word nagevors in watter mate Afrikaanse woordeboeke hul
gebruikers ter wille is. Vir so 'n studie moet gebruikersgroepe geidentifiseer word
en dit op sigself is problematies, aangesien daar feitlik geen navorsing oor
Afrikaanse woordeboekgebruikers tot op hede onderneem is nie. 'n Oorsig oor
navorsing oor die gebruikersperspektief in die Afrikaanse leksikografie word in die
eerste hoofstuk verskaf.
'n Wesenlike deel van die gebruikersperspektief is 'n studie van die stand van
woordeboekonderrig in Suid-Afrikaanse skole. Die noodsaaklikheid van
woordeboekonderrig in skole word beklemtoon en die huidige stand van sake word
ondersoek. Etlike voorstelle word gemaak om woordeboekonderrig in skole te
verbeter.
Die gebruikersvriendelikheid van verskeie Afrikaanse woordeboeke, te wete
Verklarende Handwoordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal (HAT) en Verklarende
Afrikaanse Woordeboek (VAW), Basiswoordeboek van Afrikaans (BA), Reader's
Digest Afrikaans-Engelse Woordeboek/English-Afrikaans Dictionary (RD),
Woordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal (WAT) en Groot Tesourus van Afrikaans (GT)
word getoets aan die hand van hul funksies, tekstuele segmente en ontsluiting van
inligtingstipes. Verder word gebruikersvriendeliker modelle van woordeboeke
voorgestel.
Hierdie studie is gerig op die metaleksikograaf, aangesien dit vanuit 'n teoretiese
perspektief onderneem is, maar ook op die praktiese leksikograaf, aangesien die
praktiese gebruik van woordeboeke bestudeer is. Die oogmerk van die studie is om
'n bydrae te lewer tot die skep van meer gebruikersgerigte woordeboeke waarin die
gebruiker en sy behoeftes sentraal gestel word.
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Die ontwerp van vertalende vakwoordeboeke met vertalers as teikengebruikers : 'n teoretiese modelPotgieter, Liezl 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (DPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Alhoewel woordeboeke op spesifieke teikengebruikers gerig is, het die leksikografie slegs 'n baie
beperkte bydrae gelewer om hulpmiddels vir vertalers te ontwikkel. Veral die bestaande
vakwoordeboeke gee min blyke van 'n teoretiese fundering en nog minder van 'n erkenning van die
behoeftes van een van die tipiese gebruikersgroepe, te wete die professionele vertaler. Vertalers is 'n
gebruikersgroep met eiesoortige behoeftes en benodig woordeboeke wat spesifiek op hierdie
behoeftes gerig is. In hierdie proefskrif word daar eerstens aandag gegee aan die ontwikkeling van
die leksikografie met spesifieke verwysing na die vakleksikografie en die belangrikste rolspelers op
hierdie gebied sowel as aan die ontwikkeling van die vertaalteorie wat insluit die linguistiese,
tekslinguistiese en funksionalistiese benaderings tot vertaling en die onderskeie rolspelers binne elk
van die benaderings. Daar word ook gekyk na die probleem van ekwivalensie binne die vertaalteorie
sowel as binne die leksikografie. Daarna word daar gekyk na die woordeboekgebruiker, die
gebruikersperspektief en die verskillende woordeboekfunksies wat tydens die beplanning en
samestelling van woordeboeke in gedagte gehou en in ag geneem moet word. Daar word vervolgens
aandag gegee aan vertalers as woordeboekgebruikers en daar word aangedui watter soort probleme
vertalers met bestaande vertalende vakwoordeboeke het. Daarna word die fokus geplaas op die
leksikografiese behoeftes van en vereistes wat professionele vertalers aan vertalende
vakwoordeboeke stel. Laastens word 'n teoreties gefundeerde model ontwikkel vir die beplanning en
opstel van vertalende vakwoordeboeke wat aan 'n wye reeks eiesoortige probleme aandag gee en
aan die spesifieke behoeftes van professionele vertalers voldoen. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Although dictionaries are aimed at specific target users, lexicography has only made a very limited
contribution to developing resources for translators. Existing language for special purposes
dictionaries (LSP dictionaries) in particular show very little evidence of a theoretical foundation and
even less evidence of recognising the needs of one of the most typical user groups, namely the
professional translator. As a user group translators have distinctive needs and they are therefore in
need of dictionaries specifically targeting these needs. In this dissertation the development of
lexicography with specific reference to LSP lexicography and the most important role players in the
field as well as the development of translation theory which includes the linguistic, text linguistic and
functionalistic approaches to translation and the various role players with regard to each of these
approaches are dealt with first. Furthermore the problem of equivalence with regard to translation
theory as well as lexicography are also investigated. Thereafter attention is given to the dictionary
user, the user perspective and the different dictionary functions that should be kept in mind during the
planning and compilation of dictionaries. Translators as dictionary users are also explored and the
type of problems translators have with existing translation LSP dictionaries is indicated. Then the
focus falls on the lexicographical needs and requirements that professional translators have with
regard to translation LSP dictionaries. Lastly a theoretically founded model is developed for the
planning and compilation of translation LSP dictionaries that address a wide range of problems and
meet the specific needs of professional translators.
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Die herstandaardisering van Afrikaans : 'n praktiese benadering met die AWS as gevallestudieOdendaal, Beatrix Gertruida 12 1900 (has links)
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study comprises an investigation into the restandardisation of Afrikaans. Since the 1980s,
there have been various calls from the Afrikaans speech community for the democratisation of
Afrikaans by making it representative of the whole Afrikaans speech community. Despite these
calls for the restandardisation of Afrikaans, a matter which has been brought to the fore in recent
years, there are still no real theoretically-based and practical suggestions for such a project. The
practical approach to the restandardisation of Afrikaans suggested in this study, with a specific
focus on the restandardisation of the orthography of Afrikaans, informs the suggestion of a model
by which such a planned restandardisation programme for Afrikaans could be carried out. This is
done based on existing theories of standardisation and restandardisation, as well as a thorough
investigation into the history of the standardisation of Afrikaans in order to determine the reasons
underlying this need for its restandardisation.
Firstly, relevant theories of standardisation are considered in order to determine which aspects of
language standardisation give rise to restandardisation and play the most important role in it. The
history of the standardisation of Afrikaans is also considered, in order to indicate the factors which
gave rise to the calls for the restandardisation of Afrikaans. The world-wide phenomenon of destandardisation
– an increasing trend by which the validity of standardised languages is called into
question – is subsequently considered. Following this, restandardisation is considered in greater
detail. Although the term is used widely, there are not yet thorough theoretical descriptions of the
nature of the process itself. Therefore, this study provides a theoretical consideration of what
restandardisation comprises. An investigation into various examples of attempts at the restandardisation
of languages in South Africa, Africa, and the rest of the world serves as a backdrop
against which the need for the restandardisation of Afrikaans is discussed.
The standardisation of the orthography of Afrikaans, as outlined in the ten issues of the Afrikaanse
woordelys en spelreëls (“Afrikaans word list and spelling rules”) which have been published to
date, is the next research focus. The purpose of this critical evaluation of the primary source for
orthographic standardisation of Afrikaans is to point out the weaknesses in the current
standardisation process which necessitate a new approach to the standardisation of Afrikaans (and
by extension, its restandardisation).
Finally, a model is presented for the restandardisation of the orthography of Afrikaans, but also
Afrikaans as a whole, based on various theoretical and practical considerations contained in the
study. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie studie word die herstandaardisering van Afrikaans onder die loep geneem. Dit word
gedoen teen die agtergrond van verskeie oproepe vanuit die Afrikaanse spraakgemeenskap sedert
die 1980’s om Standaardafrikaans te demokratiseer deur dit verteenwoordigend te maak van die
totale Afrikaanse spraakgemeenskap. Ten spyte van hierdie oproepe om die herstandaardisering
van Afrikaans wat in die afgelope aantal jare op die spits gedryf is, ontbreek daar egter nog
teoreties gefundeerde, praktiese voorstelle vir hoe so ’n herstandaardiseringsprojek daar sal
uitsien. Hierdie studie verteenwoordig ’n praktiese benadering tot die herstandaardisering van
Afrikaans, met ’n besondere fokus op die herstandaardisering van die Afrikaanse ortografie, deur
’n model daar te stel waarvolgens so ’n beoogde herstandaardiseringsprogram vir Afrikaans kan
geskied. Dit word gedoen aan die hand van bestaande standaardiserings- en herstandaardiseringsteorie
en ’n grondige ondersoek na die standaardiseringsgeskiedenis van Afrikaans ten
einde te bepaal wat aanleiding gegee het tot hierdie herstandaardiseringstrewe in Afrikaans.
Eerstens word daar gekyk na relevante standaardiseringsteorieë ten einde die belangrikste
aspekte van taalstandaardisering te belig wat ’n rol speel in en aanleiding gee tot herstandaardisering.
Die standaardiseringsgeskiedenis van Afrikaans word ook in oënskou geneem om te dui op
die aspekte wat aanleiding gegee het tot die oproepe om die herstandaardisering van Afrikaans.
Vervolgens word daar na die wêreldwye tendens van destandaardisering gekyk waardeur die
geldigheid van standaardtale toenemend bevraagteken word. Hierna word herstandaardisering van
nader beskou. Alhoewel die term reeds wyd gebruik word, bestaan daar nog nie diepgaande
teoretiese beskrywings oor die aard van hierdie proses nie. Daar word dus vervolgens teoreties
besin oor wat herstandaardisering behels. Verskeie voorbeelde van pogings tot die herstandaardisering
van tale in Suid-Afrika, Afrika, en die res van die wêreld word ondersoek, waarna die redes
vir ’n behoefte aan die herstandaardisering van Afrikaans uiteengesit word.
Die standaardisering van die Afrikaanse ortografie, soos uiteengesit in die tien uitgawes van die
Afrikaanse woordelys en spelreëls wat tot op hede verskyn het, kom volgende as navorsingsfokus
aan bod. Die doel van hierdie kritiese evaluering van die primêre ortografiese standaardiseringsbron
van Afrikaans is om te dui op die swakplekke in die huidige standaardiseringsproses wat ’n
nuwe benadering tot die standaardisering van Afrikaans (dus die herstandaardisering van
Afrikaans) noodsaak. Ten slotte word ’n model vir die herstandaardisering van die Afrikaanse
ortografie, maar ook Afrikaans in geheel, voorgestel aan die hand van verskeie teoretiese en
praktiese oorwegings soos in die loop van die studie uiteengesit.
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Afrikaans as kommunikasietaal in sy elementêre vorm by derdetaalsprekers by Hoërskool WestonVraagom, Elvin 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil (Modern Foreign Languages))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / Over the past three years, Weston High School has received an increasing number of
Xhosa-speaking learners. They come from remote rural towns in the Eastern Cape. At
present, there are approximately forty Xhosa-speaking learners at the school. Many of
these learners understand very little English or Afrikaans while others speak “broken”
Afrikaans and / or English. They have a lack op prior knowledge and their exposure to
Afrikaans was limited.
As part of this project, a computer programme was designed to support the Afrikaans
language needs of these learners. The programme endeavours to develop the limited
vocabulary and language abilities of these learners in elementary Afrikaans. The
emphasis is on Afrikaans as a medium of communication. The programme has been
developed according to the language needs of these learners.
The design and composition of the project is based on general theoretical principals of
computer-assisted language learning (CALL). The project is discussed and analysed
within the CALL environment.
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Die Afrikaanse vertaling van eiename in Harry Potter : konsekwensies vir kultuuroordragBruwer, Debbie 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA (Afrikaans and Dutch))—University of Stellenbosch, 2005. / The purpose of this thesis is to highlight the importance of a consistent translation strategy in the translation of proper names. Coupled with this is the importance of translators having a sound theoretical knowledge that serves as a foundation for the translation of any given text. These aspects are central to the successful realisation of cultural communication seeing that proper names are one of the most important cultural indicators. First, we looked at the first book in the Harry Potter series as to determine the number of proper names that were translated and how many were not translated. Different translation strategies were then looked at to determine whether there was a purposeful and logical explanation, and motivation behind the manner and degree of translation of the proper names. This was followed by a close comparison between book one and book five as to determine whether the inconsistent use of translation strategies, was consistently applied throughout the series. Central to this study is the necessity of successful cultural communication and how the inconsistent use of certain elements can have a negative impact on the cultural communication in any literary work. To establish successful cultural communication, every translator needs a clear skopos/brief for the target text. As a point of departure I will look at certain concepts such as translation norms, culture and translation as well as various translation strategies. The impact of inconsistent translation strategies on texts will be highlighted throughout this thesis.
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ʼn Taalkundige en leksikografiese perspektief op troeteltaal in Afrikaans / A linguistic and lexicographic perspective on endearment terms of language in AfrikaansSimpson, Gerda E. 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The focus in this paper is on terms of endearment, and initially linking it with love, affection and
care, which prominently feature in the oldest ancient languages. Users of dictionaries are
motivated by finding and understanding the unbelievable variety of words in languages. In many
faiths/religions people give credence to a perception that love and understanding of one another's
needs and aspirations form the true basis of successful interpersonal relationships but as yet no
consensus has been reached. The data was empirically collected through personal conversations
with local people, including children, the young generation, parents and grandparents, staff of
banks, supermarkets and bookshops. A distinction is made between terms generally used for kids,
adults, men and women according to context in usage and the meanings thereof as reported by
respondents, varying from seriously meant (dearest), to affectionate (darling, beloved) to mere
superficial friendship (pal, love). As the focus was on Afrikaans which is the home language of the
most residents in the Western Cape, according to information received from Statistics South Africa,
and the knowledge as well as present usage of the word 'troetel' as a term of endearment, the
English equivalents and additional similar terms are not of importance here. The impression is,
however, that a special nuance of emotion is attached to the usage of the mentioned examples.
Dictionaries should include terms of endearment known in the colloquial language at the time of
their compilation and must be reliable sources of information regarding vocabulary, ways to
address people and the varying degrees of communication in the wide distinguishable variety of
contexts. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Woordeboekverklarings vir die woord troetel sluit onder meer in met liefde behandel, liefkoos,
streel en versorg. Hierdie besonder positiewe konnotasie het gelei na ʼn soekroete in die oudste
antieke tale as vertrekpunt om die ontstaan, bekendheid en gebruik van hierdie woordjie in
Afrikaans te probeer vasstel. Omdat liefde in verskeie gelowe as basis vir suksesvolle
menseverhoudinge deur die eeue aanbeveel, uitgeleef of geopponeer is, en tog nog geen
algemeen aanvaarde konsensus, ten spyte van al die slim argumente en beredenerings deur
briljante geleerdes bereik is nie, kan troeteltaal wat meestal met ʼn ondertoon van ʼn nuanse van
liefde gepaard gaan, gebruikstaal positief beïnvloed. Deur middel van onoffisiële proefvraelysies
aan die publiek plaaslik en op die platteland en deur persoonlike empiriese navorsing in
gemeenskappe is die verlangde inligting by oud en jonk versamel, bank-, supermark- en
boekwinkelpersoneel se menings is ingewin. Daar is onderskei tussen troetel- of troetelverwante
name vir babas tot jongmense en seniors, mans en dames, met betekenisse volgens konteks soos
deur respondente verstrek. Alhoewel troetel as sulks nie by die jonger geslag juis algemeen, soos
vroeër, bekend is nie, veral in dorpsgemeenskappe, kom dit nog redelik wyd in die Wes-Kaap,
streek- en gesinsgebonde voor. Daar word probeer om leksikograwe te beïnvloed om meer
aandag aan troetelwoordjies soos bokkie, dingetjie, kleintjie en pikkie in woordeboek te gee en die
gebruik daarvan en krag daarin opgesluit by gebruikers te laat ervaar en weer in gebruik te laat
herlewe, veral by ouers en jongmense. ʼn Doel van woordeboeke vir die algemene taalgebruiker is
in hoofsaak om ʼn data-aanbod daar te stel wat verteenwoordigend is van die gewone omgangstaal
in die tydsgewrig van samestelling, maar om verder ook as interessante inligtingsbronne van data
in gebruikstaal te dien.
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'n Afrikaanse vertaling uit Cornelia Funke se TintenherzFouche, Marietjie 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil (Afrikaans and Dutch))—University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / At present there is an extreme shortage in the publication of Afrikaans children’s books. Although revised publications of popular, classic series, such as the Maasdorp-, Trompie- and Saartjie-series can help fill the void in the market, the contribution made by translations of children’s books should not be underestimated: Afrikaans translations of popular children’s books, such as the Harry Potter- and Narnia-series are well-liked and can even encourage young readers to develop an Afrikaans reading culture.
Young readers throughout the world get pleasure from the books written by the renowned German author Cornelia Funke. Funke is viewed as an influential author of children’s books and this is largely due to her popular fantasy-adventure Tintenherz; the extremely original plot of this fantasy-adventure, which forms part of a trilogy, persuades young readers to change their unenthusiastic approach towards reading by showing them that reading can be a pleasant, thrilling experience. This study attempts to prove that an Afrikaans translation of Tintenherz can make an important contribution to fill the void in the Afrikaans children’s literature, as well as encourage young readers to read more.
Critics fear that translations of popular children’s books might flood the market with books that might be cheaper, but that are second-rate versions of the original texts since the translations fail to achieve the same literary standards as the original texts. This study attempts to prove that knowledge of theoretical translation strategies, such as George Steiner’s hermeneutic motion, Lawrence Venuti’s approaches of foreignisation and domestication, as well as André Levere’s approach of rewrite as a form of translation do in fact make it possible to produce an Afrikaans translation of Tintenherz which not only meets the requirements of the target-culture and satisfies the wants of the target-readers, but also upholds the literary standard of the original German text.
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(Un)(sub)conscious manipulation: Antjie Krog’s translation of Nelson Mandela’s ‘Long walk to freedom’Honey, Marisa Freya 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil (Afrikaans and Dutch))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006). / Nelson Mandela’s autobiography, ‘Long walk to freedom’, can be viewed as a milestone in South African history. Although it is not necessarily significant in a literary sense, it played an important role in making many South Africans aware of another side to their country’s history, and introduced them to a man who, besides being the world’s most famous political prisoner and a respected statesman, is also an ordinary human being.
The Afrikaans translation of the autobiography, Lang pad na vryheid, formed part of a project to translate the original document into all the languages of South Africa (three other translations have been completed thus far). This project is discussed in relation to the ideological motive for it, and also in relation to the ideological position of Afrikaans in South Africa and the ideology and poetics of the translator.
The study is based on a descriptive approach, specifically as manifested in the manipulation theory of André Lefevere. It attempts to place the translation of autobiography as a genre within translation theory, and suggests that the translator of autobiography has little ‘leeway’ with regard to the application of translation strategies, specifically those that change the original narrator’s ‘voice’.
The various ways in which the text has been ‘manipulated’ in the production of its translation, both to make it function as a text in the target language and in ways that cannot always be justified on that basis, lead to the conclusion that it is very difficult to translate autobiography without interfering with the very personal telling of a person’s life story by that person, and without modulating the narration in a way that cannot always be reconciled with the autobiographer’s ideology.
The modulation of the autobiographer’s voice, whether this takes place consciously, subconsciously or unconsciously, is finally argued to produce a translation that can no longer be viewed as the autobiography of Nelson Mandela in the strict sense.
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Stellenbosch Safari : a multimedia program based on suggestopedic principles for the teaching of Afrikaans to international students at Stellenbosch UniversityTredoux, Francois 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil (Afrikaans and Dutch))—University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / I developed this multimedia computer program for use by international students who want to learn specific vocabulary and sentence structures to help them when dealing with administrative and help desk personnel at Stellenbosch University.
I describe the main late 20th century theories of second and foreign language acquisition, as well as the principles and methodology of Suggestopedia, which the program structure is based on. I give a detailed analysis of the program structure and its contents, as well as recommendations to enhance the program in future iterations.
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Probleme wat ondervind word by die onderrig van Afrikaans as tweede taal by 'n LSEN-skool in Johannesburg : 'n gevallestudie van Hope-skoolVorster, Martie Adriana 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA (Afrikaans and Dutch))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / When teaching Afrikaans Second Language the educator experiences certain problems. Some of these problems are commonly experienced by all Afrikaans educators. However, when teaching the subject at a LSEN school, a number of other problems occur which stand in direct relation to the disability(ies) of the learner. Formerly LSEN schools used to specialise in a specific disability but now all these schools have to accommodate most disablities, not only because of numbers but also because of the new inclusion policy. At a LSEN school where the same syllabus as all the other mainstream schools is followed, the demands made on both the learner, as well as the educator, are severe because of added problems. The learner’s problems are mostly related to his disability and the educator has to find ways and means to overcome the problem of accommodating and teaching learners with different needs and different disabilities in one class.
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