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Mythology – archaic relics or an archetypal and universal source of constant renewal? : an exploration of the relationship between myth and archetype in the myth of Demeter and PersephoneConradie, Catharina Maria 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil (Ancient Studies)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / This thesis deals with the connection between mythology and psychagogy, and a structured way of reading and using myth for personal development is suggested. The myth of Demeter and Persephone is used for this purpose, and the text of the Homeric Hymn to Demeter is analysed as the basic (but not exclusive) text. In the modern world the psychagogic component relies on the work of Jung, which is seen as the most appropriate template available. His concept of the archetype is particularly useful, and the archetype of the mother goddess is analysed as a representation of the personal and spiritual development of modern women.
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Beneath the raptor’s wings : the avian composition grasping the symbol for eternity in EgyptKlop, Damian J.R. 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil (Ancient Studies)--University of Stellenbosch, 2008. / A particular motif in Egyptian art is that of avians. This is frequently depicted in a
significant number and variety of visual sources from the tomb of Tutankhamun (KV
62) (1336-1327 BC) and other find contexts throughout Egyptian history from c. 3000
BC, but is little understood. The motif mostly depicts an avian creature with wings
outstretched, talons grasping the Egyptian hieroglyph symbol for eternity (shen). In
some instances the avian’s falcon or vulture body or parts of the body is/are replaced
with parts of another creature, namely that of a snake, cobra, ram, human, duck, or a
hieroglyph sign. A study was undertaken to assess how and why this avian motif was
composed and what the function in Egyptian culture was.
A manual search of published material for relevant visual sources depicting specific
versions of the avian motif was undertaken and selected sources were indexed into a
representative graphical database including one hundred and ninety-one items.
Textual sources (academic literature and literature from ancient Egypt) were then
consulted to support and/or expand on the iconographic, symbolic, and functional
aspects of the motif:
- At the iconographic level, the historical development and ‘structural dynamics’ of
the motif are investigated to deduce the artistic rules that applied to its creation.
- At the symbolic level, the symbolic meaning of the artwork is ascertained by
theorizing on the meaning of the motif and its parts in an Egyptian context.
- At the functional level, the function of the artwork is ascertained by investigating
how the motif’s symbolism was intended to be applied to benefit the individual.
The results of this research is that the avian motif developed over time according to
strict artistic rules; that it symbolized the king, eternity and protection; and that its
function was to protect the king in all phases of his existence in a political and
mythological context in order to ensure that the he would attain an eternal life in the
afterlife. In the mind of the ancient Egyptian this was achieved through the
transference of the avian motif’s magical qualities to the user.
The intended outcome of this study is to highlight the avian motif’s importance in the
context of the ancient Egyptian culture.
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Aspects of the Sabbath in the late second Temple periodLizorkin, Ilya 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil (Ancient Studies)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / This thesis is a study of five books (Jubilees, 1 and 2 Maccabees, the Damascus
Document and Josephus Jewish Antiquities) that represent the literature dealing with the
issue of the Sabbath in significant ways, written between 200 B.C.E. and 100 C.E. In this
study the author is determined to find the most prominent ways in which various Jews of
the period treated the Sabbath, considering both its theological significance and actual
practical application. The author seeks to apply the literary-critical method to the study of
these books by identifying how the Sabbath pericopes fit into the larger structure of each
book and contribute to the overall argument of each work. After dealing with
introductory issues, such as terms, methods, historical settings and methodology, the
author then works through the major Sabbath-related pericopes in each book followed by
a concluding summary for each book. Then author moves from detailed individual
conclusions to general summaries, seeking to deduce the “big picture” of the Judaisms
represented in the five works that he researched.
Throughout the thesis the author is asking all of the texts the following questions: Was
there a major Jewish view of the Sabbath or were the views varied within Judaisms? Was
the Sabbath one of the most important issues facing the Jewish Community or was it
rather a peripheral one? What was the place of Covenant with YHWH in the Sabbath
thought of the day? What was the impact of the historical events of the period on the
views of the Sabbath? Was the understanding(s) of the Sabbath legalistic or was there a
depth of heartfelt spirituality accompanying Sabbath observance? Were the rules with
regard to the Sabbath actually carried out or were they largely ignored? At the conclusion
he attempts to answer these questions point by point based upon the data that he collected
by studying the passages related to the Sabbath observance within the books mentioned
above. This study is preliminary in nature, since it attempts to provide only some
background information to the question: Did the Jewish Christians of the first century
change the day of worship from Saturday to Sunday? If so, how did they do so while managing to avoid any kind of major debate over the change? This question the author
plans to pursue in his forthcoming research.
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The role of magic and medicine in the lives of ancient Egyptian women and their childrenWitts, Jennifer 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis investigates the role that magic and medicine played in the lives of
ancient Egyptian women and children. In a time when giving birth often ended
in the death of the mother and child, and child mortality was extremely high, a
variety of protective measures were undertaken by the ancient Egyptians.
Medicine as the scientific treatment of ailments and women's health in general
did exist in Egypt, however, life in Egypt was determined by religion and
especially magic.
The health of the ancient Egyptian woman and her child was studied by
looking at the way in which magic influenced medicine, as well as by looking
at how this connection between magic and medicine influenced the life and
health of ancient Egyptian women and children.
The research model followed was that of an interlinking society in which each
aspect of Egyptian life had varying impacts on each other. The degree of
impact of magic on aspects such as menstruation, conception and pregnancy
was investigated, as well as, the magico-medical spells, amulets and other
devices that were used to protect a woman and her baby.
A catalogue of sources is given, including written and non-written sources.
The first included the medical papyri and magical spells against evil forces
and sickness. The second group were visual representations, divine
statuettes, amulets and the specialized magical stelae (cippl) and "magical
wands" ("Zaubermesser").
This thesis attempts to better understand how feminine issues such as
menstruation, pregnancy, and giving birth were perceived and contended
with, as well as to shed some light on the medical and magical treatment and
protection of the women and children in ancient Egypt. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek die rol wat magie en medisyne in die lewens van vrouens en
kinders in antieke Egipte gespeel het. In 'n tyd toe die geboorte van 'n kind baie keer
die dood van die ma en haar baba veroorsaak het, en kindersterftes uiters hoog was,
het die antieke Egiptenare 'n verskeidenheid beskermingsmaatreëls gebruik.
Medisyne as die wetenskaplike behandeling van siektes en vroulike gesondheidsorg
het in Egipte bestaan, maar die lewe in Egipte was egter bepaal deur die godsdiens
en veral die magie.
Die gesondheid van die vroue en kinders van antieke Egipte is bestudeer deur te kyk
hoe magie medisyne beïnvloed het, sowel as om te kyk hoe die verband tussen
magie die medisyne die lewe en gesondheid van vroue en kinders in antieke Egipte
bepaal het.
Die navorsingsmodel wat gevolg is, is van 'n samelewing waarbinne elke aspek van
die lewe in Egipte 'n impak op die ander het. Die graad van impak van magie op
aspekte soos menstruasie, konsepsie en swangerskap is ondersoek, sowel as die
"magies-mediese" spreuke, amulette en ander middels wat as beskerming vir die
vrou en haar baba gebruik is.
'n Katalogus van bronne is ingesluit en sluit beide skriftelike en nie-skriftelike bronne
in. Onder die eerste groep val mediese papiri en magiese tekste teen bose magte en
siekte. Die tweede groep gee aandag aan visuele voorstellings, godebeeldjies,
amulette en die gespesialiseerde magiese stelae (cippl) en "toorstaffies"
("Zaubermesser").
Hierdie tesis poog om beter te verstaan hoe vroulike sake soos menstruasie,
swangerskap en geboorte gesien en hanteer is, sowel as om meer lig te werp op die
mediese en magiese behandeling en beskerming van vrouens en hulle kinders in
antieke Egipte.
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Towards a discourse-pragmatic description of left-dislocation in biblical HebrewWestbury, Joshua Ryan 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA (Biblical Languages))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This is an exploratory investigation into the discourse-pragmatic function(s) of the so-called
Left-Dislocation construction in Biblical Hebrew. This inquiry is a part of a larger investigation
into the nature and function of word order variation in Biblical Hebrew. In light of past research
on Biblical Hebrew word-order variation, specifically concerning Left-Dislocation constructions,
it is concluded that a re-analysis of Left-Dislocation constructions in Biblical Hebrew is called
for. Advancements within the fields of cognitive-functional linguistics and discourse-pragmatics
(information-structure) have afforded numerous avenues towards a more comprehensive
cognitive-oriented frame of reference for ascertaining the functions of Biblical Hebrew word order variation.
The discourse-pragmatic and cognitive-functional notion of information-structure serves as the
basis for the theoretical framework employed in the present investigation. Information-structure
is principally concerned with the question as to why grammars of natural language offer speakers
a variety of morphosyntactic and prosodic options for expressing the same propositional content.
Since the Left-Dislocation construction is a universal syntactic phenomenon, typological
information regarding the form and function of Left-Dislocation constructions across languages
served as a critical source of insight into the prototypical formal features and functional domains
of the construction within Biblical Hebrew. The insights garnered from cross-linguistic data
informed the parameters employed in the construction and construal of a random data-set of one
hundred cases of Left-Dislocation drawn from the narrative portions of the Hebrew Bible
stretching from Genesis to 2 Chronicles.
The investigation of our data-set, within the confines of a discourse-pragmatic framework,
reveals that Left-Dislocation constructions in Biblical Hebrew are principally employed to
facilitate the topic-promotion of identifiable but inactive discourse-referents. These referents
could be the primary or secondary topics of the sentences in which they are used. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is 'n verkennende ondersoek na die diskoerspragmatiese funksie(s) van
sogenaamde linksverskuiwing ('Left-Dislocation') konstruksies in Bybelse Hebreeus. Hierdie
vraagstelling vorm deel van 'n meer omvattende ondersoek na die aard en funksie van
woordorde-variasies in Bybelse Hebreeus. Na aanleiding van 'n uitvoerige literatuurstudie oor
die funksie(s) van woordorde-variasies in Bybelse Hebreeus, veral met betrekking tot
linksverskuiwingskonstruksies, is tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat 'n heranalise van
linksverskuiwingskonstruksies in Bybelse Hebreeus nodig is. Vooruitgang op die gebiede van
kognitiewe-funksionele taalkunde, en tekspragmatiek (informasiestruktuur) het dit moontlik
gemaak om 'n meer omvattende kognitief-georiënteerde verwysingsraamwerk vir die bepaling
van die funksie(s) van Bybels-Hebreeuse woordorde-variasies te formuleer.
Die diskoerspragmatiese en kognitiewe-funksionele opvatting van informasiestruktuur dien as
die basis vir die teoretiese raamwerk wat in die huidige ondersoek gebruik is.
Informasiestruktuur is hoofsaaklik gemoeid met die vraag waarom die grammatika van
natuurlike taal aan sprekers 'n verskeidenheid van morfosintaktiese en prosodiese opsies bied vir
die uitdrukking van dieselfde proposisionele inhoud.
Aangesien die linksverskuiwingskonstruksie 'n universele sintaktiese verskynsel is, is
taaltipologiese inligting oor die vorm en funksie van die linksverskuiwingskonstruksie gebruik
om insig te kry in die prototipiese formele eienskappe en funksies van die konstruksie in Bybelse
Hebreeus.
Aan die hand van bg. taaltipologiese insigte is parameters geformuleer aan die hand waarvan 'n
ewekansige monster voorbeelde van linksverskuiwing uit verhalende tekste uit Genesis tot 2
Kronieke ondersoek is. Daar is bevind dat linksverskuiwing in Bybelse Hebreeus hoofsaaklik
aangewend word om identifiseerbare, maar onaktiewe diskoersreferente te promoveer as topieks.
Hierdie referente mag primêre of sekondêre topieks wees.
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St Augustine's Confessiones : the role of the imago Dei in his conversion to Catholic ChristianityRoos, Andre 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil (Ancient Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Although St Augustine of Hippo (354–430 C.E.) was raised as a Christian, he
refuted Catholicism as a youth in his search for divine wisdom and truth. Like
the biblical prodigal son, he first had to realise the error of his aversion
(turning away from the Catholic Church) before he could experience
conversion (returning to the Catholic faith). Augustine narrates certain central
events of his life in the Confessiones as a series of conversions, leading him
from his native Roman North Africa to his conversion to Catholic Christianity in
the Imperial City of Milan. Philosophy, especially Neo-Platonic thought,
played a crucial role in his conversion process, as did the influence of St
Ambrose, Bishop of Milan, and other Neo-Platonic intellectuals in Milan. Neo-
Platonism also influenced Augustine's conception of the imago Dei (image of
God).
Although Augustine’s teaching of the concept of the imago Dei is found in all
his works (but mainly in De Trinitate), a survey of the literature has shown that
the way in which this concept is used to inform, structure and advance his
conversion narrative in the Confessions, has not yet been investigated in a
structured manner. In order to address this gap in scholarly knowledge, the
thesis attempts to answer the following research question: How did the
concept of the imago Dei inform and structure Augustine's conversion
narrative, as recounted in his Confessiones, taking into account the
theological and philosophical influences of Ambrose and the Neo-Platonists of
Milan on his spiritual development?
The investigation was conducted by an in-depth study and analysis of the
Confessiones and relevant secondary literature within the historical,
philosophical and religious framework of the work. An empirical approach, by
means of textual analysis and hermeneutics, was used to answer the
research question. The analysis of the Confessions is limited to its
autobiographical part (Books 1 to 9). In order to carry out the analysis, a
theoretical and conceptual framework was posited in Chapters 1 to 4, discussing the key concepts of conversion and of the imago Dei, as well as
explaining the influence of Neo-Platonism and Ambrose on Augustine. In
Chapter 5, this conceptual framework of the nature of the imago Dei is
complemented by a literary framework for the Confessions to form a metaframework.
The textual analysis was done within the meta-framework with
reference to certain endowments (attributes) imprinted in the image, namely
personality, spirituality, rationality, morality, authority, and creativity.
The main conclusion is that Augustine's personal relationship with God had
been harmed by the negative impact of sin on these endowments of the divine
image in him. His gradual realisation that God is Spirit, his growth in faith, and
his eventual acceptance of the authority of Scripture and of the Catholic
Church, brought about the healing of the broken image of God in Augustine
and also the restoration of God’s likeness in him. This enabled Augustine to
be reconciled to God through Christ, who is the perfect Image of God, and
helped to convert him to the Catholic Church, which is the Body of Christ. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Alhoewel die Heilige Augustinus, Biskop van Hippo (354–430 n.C.), as
Christen grootgemaak is, het hy as jong man die Katolisisme verwerp in sy
soektog na goddelike wysheid en waarheid. Soos die verlore seun van die
Bybel, moes hy eers die fout van sy afkerigheid (wegdraai van die Katolieke
Kerk) insien voordat hy tot bekering (terugkeer tot die Katolieke geloof) kon
kom. Augustine vertel sekere kerngebeure van sy lewe in die Confessiones
(Belydenisse) as ‘n reeks van bekeringe, wat hom gelei het van sy
geboorteplek in Romeins-Noord-Afrika tot sy bekering tot die Katolieke
Christendom in die Keiserstad Milaan. Filosofie, veral Neo-Platoniese denke,
het ‘n deurslaggewende rol gespeel in sy bekeringsproses, soos ook die
invloed van die Heilige Ambrosius, Biskop van Milaan, en ander Neo-
Platoniese intellektuele in Milaan. Neo-Platonisme het ook Augustine se
begrip van die imago Dei (Godsbeeld) beïnvloed.
Alhoewel Augustinus se leer oor die begrip imago Dei in al sy werke aangetref
word (maar veral in De Trinitate), het ‘n literatuurstudie uitgewys dat die
manier waarop hierdie begrip gebruik word om sy bekeringsverhaal in die
Confessions toe te lig, vorm te gee en te bevorder, nog nie op gestruktureerde
wyse ondersoek is nie. Om hierdie leemte in vakkundige kennis te vul, poog
hierdie tesis om die volgende navorsingsvraag te beantwoord: Hoe het die
begrip imago Dei Augustinus se bekeringsverhaal toegelig en vorm gegee,
soos vertel in sy Confessiones, met inagneming van die teologiese en
filosofiese invloede van Ambrosius en die Neo-Platoniste van Milaan op sy
geestelike ontwikkeling?
Die ondersoek is uitgevoer deur middel van ‘n grondige studie en ontleding
van die Confessiones en toepaslike sekondêre literatuur binne die historiese,
filosofiese en godsdienste raamwerk van die werk. ’n Empiriese benadering,
by wyse van teksontleding en hermeneutika, is gebruik om die
navorsingsvraag te beantwoord. Die ontleding van die Confessiones is
beperk tot die outobiografiese deel (Boeke 1 tot 9). Om die ontleding uit te voer, is ’n teoretiese en konseptuele raamwerk vooropgestel in Hoofstukke 1
tot 4, waar die sleutelbegrippe bekering en imago Dei bespreek is, asook die
invloed van Neo-Platonisme en Ambrosius op Augustinus. In Hoofstuk 5 word
hierdie konseptuele raamwerk vir die aard van die imago Dei aangevul deur ’n
literêre raamwerk vir die Confessions om sodoende ‘n metaraamwerk te vorm.
Die teksontleding is gedoen binne die metaraamwerk met verwysing na
sekere geestesgawes (eienskappe) wat in die beeld neerslag vind, naamlik
persoonlikheid, spiritualiteit, rasionaliteit, moraliteit, outoriteit, en kreatiwiteit.
Die hoofgevoltrekking is dat Augustinus se persoonlike verhouding met God
geskaad is deur die negatiewe impak van sonde op hierdie geestesgawes van
die Godsbeeld in hom. Sy geleidelike besef dat God Gees is, sy groei in sy
geloof, asook sy uiteindelike aanvaarding van die gesag van die Bybel en van
die Katolieke Kerk, het meegebring dat Augustinus se gebroke Godsbeeld en
-gelykenis herstel is. Daardeur is Augustinus met God versoen deur Christus,
wat die volmaakte Godsbeeld is, en sodoende is hy bekeer tot die Katolieke
Kerk, wat die Liggaam van Christus is.
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Information-gathering and the strategic use of culture in HerodotusFabule, Deborah Kory 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil (Ancient Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The main purpose of this thesis is to examine examples of information-gathering and political intelligence in Herodotus' Histories. In Herodotus' account, dialogues, anecdotes, and even inserted authorial commentary describe how leaders obtain politically relevant and timely information about other individuals and nations (intelligence). Herodotus links political decisions, based on gathered information, with his presentation of historical causation. In his multi-themed account, Herodotus provides tales of commissioned information-gathering missions, espionage, secret messages, and even disguises as nations and political leaders attempt to find out about their enemies and their allies. While the various anecdotes of information-gathering may not be historically precise, they may, in fact, infer real goals and problems of ancient Greek intelligence practices.
The second purpose of this thesis is to explore Herodotus' use of cultural information within decision-making and statecraft. Herodotus presents nomos (culture or custom) as a compelling force for human behavior and military action. By articulating the importance of cultural information to political and military intelligence, Herodotus' work foreshadows modern intelligence theories and practices. This nomos-aspect of Herodotus' information-gathering anecdotes is especially relevant to current post-modern trend of culturally-based intelligence solutions to western counter-insurgency efforts. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die hoofdoel van hierdie tesis is om voorbeelde van inligtingversameling en politieke intellegensie in Herodotus se Histories te ondersoek. In Herodotus se verslae, dialoë, anekdotes en selfs ingevoegde ouktoriele kommentaar word daar beskryf hoe leiers polities relevante en aktuele inligting oor ander indiwidue en nasies (intellegensie) verkry. Herodotus verbind politieke besluite, gebaseer op ingewinde inligting, met sy voorstelling van historiese kousaliteitsleer. In sy vertellings met meervoudige temas, verskaf Herodotus verhale van opdragte wat gegee is vir inligtingsinwinningsendings, spioenasiewerk, geheime boodskappe en selfs vermommings waarmee nasionale en politieke leiers gepoog het om uit te vind oor hul vyande en bondgenote. Terwyl die verskeie anekdotes van inligtinginwinning moontlik nie histories presies is nie, is hulle dalk in werklikheid afgelei van regte doelstellings en probleme van antieke Griekse intellegensiepraktyke.
Die tweede doel van hierdie tesis is om ondersoek in te stel na Herodotus se gebruik van kulturele inligting in besluitneming en regeerkuns. Herodotus stel nomos (kultuur of gebruik) as ‟n dwingende krag vir menslike gedrag en militêre aksie voor. Deur die belangrikheid van kulturele inligting vir politieke en militêre intellegensie te artikuleer, is Herodotus se werk ‟n voorafskaduwing van moderne intellegensie teorieë en praktyke. Hierdie nomos-aspek van Herodotus se inligtingsinwinningsanekdotes is veral relevant vir die huidige post-modernistiese neiging van kultuur-gebaseerde intellegensieoplossings vir westerse teen-insergensie pogings.
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References to swords in the death scenes of Dido and Turnus in the AeneidBackhouse, George 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis investigates the references to swords in key scenes in the Aeneid – particularly the scenes of Dido’s and Turnus’ death – in order to add new perspectives on these scenes and on the way in which they impact on the presentation of Aeneas’ Roman mission in the epic.
In Chapter Two I attempt to provide an outline of the mission of Aeneas. I also investigate the manner in which Dido and Turnus may be considered to be opponents of Aeneas’ mission.
In Chapter Three I investigate references to swords in select scenes in book four of the Aeneid. I highlight an ambiguity in the interpretation of the sword that Dido uses to commit suicide and I also provide a description of the sword as a weapon and its place in the epic.
In Chapter Four I provide an analysis of the references to swords in Dido’s and Turnus’ death scenes alongside a number of other important scenes involving mention of swords. I preface my analyses of the references to swords that play a role in interpreting Dido and Turnus’ deaths with an outline of the reasons for the deaths of each of these figures. The additional references to swords that I use in this chapter are the references to the sword in the scene of Deiphobus’ death in book six and to the sword and Priam’s act of arming himself on the night on which Troy is destroyed. At the end of Chapter Four I look at parallels between Dido and Turnus and their relationship to the mission of Aeneas.
At the end of this thesis I am able to conclude that an investigation and analysis of the references to swords in select scenes in the Aeneid adds to existing scholarship in Dido’s and Turnus’ death in the following way: a more detailed investigation of the role of swords in the interpretation of Dido’s death from an erotic perspective strengthens the existing notion in scholarship that Dido is an obstacle to the mission of Aeneas. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek die verwysings na swaarde in kerntonele in die Aeneïs – hoofsaaklik die sterftonele van Dido en Turnus – met die oog daarop om addisionele perspektiewe te verskaf op hierdie tonele en die impak wat hulle het op die voorstelling van Aeneas se Romeinse missie in die epos.
In hoofstuk twee poog ek om ’n oorsig te bied van Aeneas se Romeinse missie. Ek stel ook ondersoek in na die mate waartoe Dido en Turnus as teenstanders van Aeneas se Romeinse missie beskou kan word. In Hoofstuk Drie ondersoek ek die verwysings na swaarde in spesifieke tonele van boek vier van die Aeneïs. Ek verwys na ’n dubbelsinnigheid in die interpretasie van die swaard wat Dido gebruik om selfmoord te pleeg en verskaf ook ’n beskrywing van die swaard as ’n wapen en die gebruik daarvan in die epos.
In Hoofstuk Vier verskaf ek ‘n ontleding van die verwysings na swaarde in Dido en Turnus se sterftonele saam met ’n aantal ander belangrike tonele met verwysings na swaarde. Ek lei my ontleding van die beskrywings van die swaarde wat ’n rol speel in die interpretasie van Dido en Turnus se sterftes in met ’n uiteensetting van die redes vir die dood van elk van hierdie figure. Die addisionele verwysings na swaarde wat ek in hierdie hoofstuk ontleed, is die verwysing na die swaard in die toneel van Deiphobus se dood in boek ses en die verwysing na die swaard in die toneel waar Priamus sy wapenrusting aantrek op Troje se laaste aand. Aan die einde van Hoofstuk Vier ondersoek ek die parallele tussen Dido en Turnus en hulle verhouding tot Aeneas se Romeinse missie.
Hierdie tesis ondersoek die verwysings na swaarde in kerntonele in die Aeneïs – hoofsaaklik die sterftonele van Dido en Turnus – met die oog daarop om addisionele perspektiewe te verskaf op hierdie tonele en die impak wat hulle het op die voorstelling van Aeneas se Romeinse missie in die epos.
In hoofstuk twee poog ek om ’n oorsig te bied van Aeneas se Romeinse missie. Ek stel ook ondersoek in na die mate waartoe Dido en Turnus as teenstanders van Aeneas se Romeinse missie beskou kan word. In Hoofstuk Drie ondersoek ek die verwysings na swaarde in spesifieke tonele van boek vier van die Aeneïs. Ek verwys na ’n dubbelsinnigheid in die interpretasie van die swaard wat Dido gebruik om selfmoord te pleeg en verskaf ook ’n beskrywing van die swaard as ’n wapen en die gebruik daarvan in die epos.
In Hoofstuk Vier verskaf ek ‘n ontleding van die verwysings na swaarde in Dido en Turnus se sterftonele saam met ’n aantal ander belangrike tonele met verwysings na swaarde. Ek lei my ontleding van die beskrywings van die swaarde wat ’n rol speel in die interpretasie van Dido en Turnus se sterftes in met ’n uiteensetting van die redes vir die dood van elk van hierdie figure. Die addisionele verwysings na swaarde wat ek in hierdie hoofstuk ontleed, is die verwysing na die swaard in die toneel van Deiphobus se dood in boek ses en die verwysing na die swaard in die toneel waar Priamus sy wapenrusting aantrek op Troje se laaste aand. Aan die einde van Hoofstuk Vier ondersoek ek die parallele tussen Dido en Turnus en hulle verhouding tot Aeneas se Romeinse missie.
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Debt and its solutions : a comparative study of the biblical jubilee year and the edict of AmmisaduqaMiner, Aaron T. 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / The Edict of Ammisaduqa and the Jubilee Year legislation in Leviticus 25 provide the most extensive evidence for the debt relief tradition throughout the ancient Near East. A comparative analysis of these texts points to an indirect relationship between them based upon a common theme, debt-slavery of the head of the household, and terminology, andurārum and drr. However, the substantial differences in content between the two texts suggest that there is no direct relationship between them.
In light of this analysis it is possible that the tradition of debt relief entered ancient Israel in some form at an early date and then was later re-emphasized during the late monarchic period under Neo-Assyrian influence. This possibility rests upon the debt relief tradition existing in Syro-Palestine under influence from Mari and the Hittites, as well as later under the Neo-Assyrian Empire. Internal evidence in Leviticus 25 also potentially points to an early rural situation for the origination of the Jubilee tradition.
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The feminine Other in Euripides’ Hecuba : exploring tensions in the masculine classical polisWelman, Thandi 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis explores how the feminine Other is used by Euripides in the Hecuba to highlight certain tensions between an aristocratic ideal of manliness and a classical democratic masculinity in the fifth century Athenian polis. The first chapter will establish the masculine nature of the Athenian polis and discuss the different elements which highlight the inherent masculinity of Athenian society. The second chapter provides a socio-political context for the position of women in fifth century Athens and explores the otherness of the feminine in the masculine polis. Chapter three explores the problematic nature of speech in the democratic state and uses the feminine Other in the Hecuba to examine possible tensions between an outmoded aristocratic ethos and the democratic ideal of manliness. In the fourth chapter Euripides' use of the Other in the Hecuba is utilized to discuss violence, revenge, and masculinity in the Athenian polis. The final chapter provides a discussion on nomos and how the tensions between aristocratic and democratic ideals problematise the authority of traditional laws and how Euripides uses the feminine Other in the Hecuba to emphasise these issues. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek die wyse waarop Euripides die vroulike Ander in Hecuba gebruik om spanning tussen die aristokratiese ideaal van manlikheid en die klassieke demokratiese manlikheid in die vyfde-eeuse Atheense polis na vore te bring. Die eerste hoofstuk sal die manlike aard van die Atheense polis vestig en sal die elemente wat die inherente manlikheid van die Atheense samelewing beklemtoon, bespreek. Die tweede hoofstuk vervat die sosio-politieke konteks van die vrou se posisie in vyfde-eeuse Athene en verken die andersheid van die vrou in die manlike polis. Hoofstuk drie verken die problematiese aard van spraak in die demokratiese staat en gebruik die vroulike Ander in Hecuba om moontlike spanning tussen die verouderde aristokratiese etos en die demokratiese ideaal van manlikheid te ondersoek. Die vierdie hoofstuk ondersoek Euripides se gebruik van die Ander in Hecuba om geweld, wraak en manlikheid in die Atheense polis te bespreek. Die finale hoofstuk vervat 'n bespreking van nomos en die problematiek ten opsigte van die outoriteit van tradisionele wette as gevolg van die spanning tussen aristokratiese en demokratiese ideale en Euripides se gebruik van die vroulike Ander in Hecuba om hierdie geskilpunte te beklemtoon.
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