Since the 1990s, homelessness has increased in Canada. The existing strategies of the government and public health service providers to manage the situation have had limited success. Researchers have noted the lack of including those experiencing homelessness to better understand and find a solution to homelessness. The purpose of this phenomenological study, driven by the social cognitive theory, was to understand homelessness from the perspectives of people who do not have homes. Data were collected from open-ended interviews with a purposeful sample of 15 individuals who are homeless. Summarizing and analyzing the interviews, several themes emerged after interview data were transcribed via hand coding and analyzed using cognitive data analysis. The prominent themes were: lack namely, money, home, privacy, and support; discrimination of all kinds; mental illness and addiction; the need for a review of housing policy that specifically addresses rent, mortgage qualification criteria and house tax, and to create awareness of government support systems and the services that they provide. Public health service providers and designated authorities can use the findings of this study to understand the phenomenon from the perspective of people who are experiencing homelessness, and in turn can use that understanding to influence improved homelessness reduction strategies that could improve the lives of those experiencing homelessness and their communities. Since homelessness is a public health issue, effectively bringing it under control could create a positive impact on the health and safety of the public.

An Evaluation of Military Education Assistance Programs From ParticipantsF Perspectives by Ella Bolling-Harris MS, Capella University, 2008 MS, Capella University, 2004 BS, Park University, 2000 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education Walden University August 2015 Military education programs exist to assist military members in completing their college education prior to exiting the military. At a southwestern United States Army Installation, members have expressed dissatisfaction with the education programs. The purpose of this case study was to examine the education programs from the participants' perspectives. Mezirow's transformative learning theory was used as the framework for the study. The research questions elicited program participants' perceptions of various aspects of the programs, the potential for conversion of a basic skills program to a 2-year degree program, and suggestions for leaders for implementation of programs. The sample of participants included 15 military members stationed at the Army Installation who were enrolled in college and exiting the military within 12-24 months, were serving on active duty at the Installation, had been on repeated deployments, were 18 years or older, and had been in the military 4 or more years. Data were collected through interviews and responses were coded and analyzed for common themes. Results from emergent themes were used to develop a project that included strategies for military leaders to assist military members in their degree completion. Recommendations included a timeline for leaders to implement strategies to assist military members desiring an education, converting the current Basic Skills Education Program to a 2-year general studies degree program, implementing adjustments for deployment, and creating an education buddy team for military members enrolled in college. Implications for social change include improving military education assistance programs to allow more military members to complete their education in order to assist them in entering the civilian workforce in their own communities or others after their military obligation has expired.

Master of Music / Music, Theatre, and Dance / Steve Maxwell / This master’s report focuses on the history, brief analysis, and pedagogy of the four works performed on February 15, 2016 for the author’s Master’s Recital. The first chapter explains the work Pantomime by Philip Sparke. It contains a short biography of Philip Sparke, an in-depth background on the composition of the work, and a theoretical and pedagogical look at the piece. The second chapter centers on Fantasia by Gordon Jacob. This brief biography will explore Jacob’s compositional output and legacy, and the theoretical analysis will focus on his use of chromatics and the interplay between the piano and the euphonium. The pedagogical analysis will focus on performance techniques and practice. The third chapter is devoted to Blue Lake Fantasies, an unaccompanied work for solo euphonium by David Gillingham. The biography will focus on Gillingham’s contribution to euphonium repertoire, specifically and the history of where and why this work was written. There will be a concise theoretical analysis followed by a heavily pedagogical analysis, which will break down the performance techniques used in each of the five movements. The final chapter of the report is about David Werden’s euphonium arrangement for two euphoniums and piano of Believe Me If All Those Endearing Young Charms by Simone Mantia. This chapter will present a short biography of Mantia explaining his historical significance, a brief theoretical analysis, and a pedagogical analysis that focuses on the duet aspect of this piece.

The thesis deals with insuring a humanly dignified care for terminally ill senior people approached as the goal of a social work in a hospital environment. Medical facilities belong to places where senior people most often pass away, and where their dignity is also most endangered. The basis for working out the thesis is describing the man seen as the being whole and at the same time uniuqe, in which one sees man?s dignity. The following part of the thesis is dedicated to a palliative care as a guarrantor of maintaining dignified and quality life till its end. A knowledge of conceiving a terminally ill senior man, his/her needs and values is for a provision of the palliative care necessary. A part of the thesis deals with a specificity of social work in a palliative care, and with professional a personal competencies of a social worker. A provision of a support to those terminally ill and their close ones is in a hospital environment insured only partly. Based on the information collected the thesis is dedicated to outlining a humanly dignified care as the aim of social work. A social worker can participate on the above mentioned by being in a role of an accompanying one and a consultant for those left. A possibility to support a spiritual dimension of the man to which a social worker is in his/her both roles often close is approached in the final part of the thesis.

Submitted by Jamile Barbosa da Cruz (jamile.cruz@ucsal.br) on 2017-01-16T13:30:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LIMA JLS - 2014.pdf: 6327776 bytes, checksum: af0925ec6b8486d5c7e37f5952694ddc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rosemary Magalhães (rosemary.magalhaes@ucsal.br) on 2017-01-16T18:36:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Josenaldo.pdf: 6327776 bytes, checksum: af0925ec6b8486d5c7e37f5952694ddc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-16T18:36:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Josenaldo.pdf: 6327776 bytes, checksum: af0925ec6b8486d5c7e37f5952694ddc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-27 / A pesquisa teve como objeto de estudo a dispensa de docentes com títulos de mestrado e de doutorado, contratados para cumprir requisito normativo indispensável ao credenciamento e recredenciamento deinstituições de ensino superior privadas de Salvadorjunto ao Ministério da Educação, ou para obtenção de autorização, reconhecimento e respectivas renovações de cursos superiores de graduação junto àquele Ministério, após a conclusão de tais procedimentos de aprovação. Esse fenômeno da dispensa de professores titulados foi analisado com base nos dados coletados em investigações instauradas pela Procuradoria Regional do Trabalho da 5ª Região, no período de 2006 a 2013. O referencial teórico foi embasado na literatura nacional relacionada ao neoliberalismo, ao capitalismo contemporâneo, à mercantilização da educação superior privada, à precarização do trabalho em geral e do docente do nível superior de educação em particular, ao Direito Constitucional, ao Direito do Trabalho e na legislação que rege a educação superior. A metodologia empregada foi exploratória, qualitativa e descritiva, com a utilização das técnicas de análises documental e de conteúdo. Os sujeitos investigados na pesquisa de campo foram: (01) dirigente sindical, (01) avaliadora do Ministério da Educação, (03) coordenadores de curso superior privado e (04) professores da educação superior privada, perfazendo um total de (09) participantes. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados consistiram em entrevistas livres, pesquisas exploratória, bibliográfica e documental, bem como entrevistas semiestruturadas.Os resultados das análises dos dados coletados no decorrer da pesquisa evidenciaram que as dispensas investigadas neste trabalho se configuram como mais um elemento no processo de precarização do trabalho de docentes da educação superior privada de Salvador, que já atinge até a elite desses profissionais. Além disso, essas dispensas também se enquadram no conceito jurídico de discriminação. / The focus of the present study was the dismissal of faculty members holding masters and doctoral degrees, who had been previously hired to fulfill the regulatory requirements to accredit and reaccredit private universities in Salvador with the Ministry of Education or to obtain authorization, recognition and respective renovations of undergraduate courses at that Ministry, soon after the conclusion of the approval procedures. This phenomenon of dismissing professors with high academic degrees in the private universities of Salvador was analyzed from data collected during investigations made by the Fifth District Labor Relations Board between 2006 and 2013. The theoretical framework was based on the Brazilian literature on neoliberalism, contemporary capitalism, the commercialization of private university education, the instability of labor relations in general, and of higher education personnel in particular, and constitutional law, labor law and legislation governing higher education. The methodology used was exploratory, qualitative and descriptive, with the use of documental and content analysis techniques. The subjects investigated in the field research phase consisted of one union leader, one assessor from the Ministry of Education, and three university coordinators and four university professors, all from the private sector, making a total of nine participants. The instruments used for data collection consisted of free interviews and exploratory, bibliographic and documental research, as well as semi-structured interviews. Analysis of the data collected during the study period showed that the dismissals investigated in this study constitute one more element in the process of destabilizing the work of university professors in the private sector in Salvador, which is already affecting even those with the highest academic degrees. Furthermore, these dismissals also fit the juridical concept of discrimination.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / “The constitution of the narrative and figural self in the complex temporality of Lobo Antunes” has as study object the novel What horses are those that make shade on the sea? (2009), by the contemporary Portuguese writer Antonio Lobo Antunes. In the novel it is narrated the story of the affective de-structure and the loss of the material goods of a traditional Portuguese family, through the voices of family‟s components. It is confused in the narrative, thus, the past experiences of the characters and their projections for the future. The characters-narrators, when remembering the past experiences and when projecting expectations for the future, defocus the present of the narrative in reflections that seem not to finish any conclusion about their experiences. It results from that a chaotic and bitter world, marked by multiple and contradicted affections of the characters in relation to their relatives, manifesting in the own structure of the narrative, with its ramifications, deviances and fragmentations. The configuration of the intrigue ends to evince, then, the conflicting and problematic nature of the own characters. This incessant returning to the past allied to this expectative of future and the reflections about the events reconstruct these distinct moments of experience of time in a present time always distended, in transition. The novel seems to reconstruct certain aporia of time, once that the time shows itself as makeable in the consciousness of the characters, and paradoxically, as fluid and transitory. This thick and complex character of temporality in the narrative configuration, the intertwine among told present, remembered past and expected future confers a psychological density to the characters, and never attributing to them an stable and cohesive identity and an integral image. We find, thus, in this dissertation, a reflection about the contemporary Portuguese literature, the work of the author, and an analysis of the novel based, mainly, on the studies of Paul Ricoeur about the interdependence among the configuration of intrigue, temporality and the constitution of a narrative identity. / “A constituição do eu narrativo e figural na temporalidade complexa de Lobo Antunes” tem como objeto de estudo o romance Que cavalos são aqueles que fazem sombra no mar? (2009), do escritor português contemporâneo António Lobo Antunes. No romance, é narrada a história de desestruturação afetiva e de perda dos bens materiais de uma tradicional família portuguesa, através das vozes dos componentes dessa família. Confundem-se na narrativa, então, as vivências passadas das personagens e as suas projeções para o futuro. As personagens-narradoras, ao relembrar as experiências do passado e ao projetar expectativas para o futuro, desfocam o presente da narrativa em reflexões que parecem não encerrar conclusão alguma sobre suas vivências. Resulta disso um mundo caótico e amargo, marcado pelos múltiplos e contraditórios afetos das personagens em relação aos seus familiares, manifestado na própria estrutura da narrativa, com suas ramificações, desvios e fragmentações. A configuração da intriga acaba por evidenciar, então, o caráter conflitante, problemático das próprias personagens. Esse retorno incessante ao passado aliado a essa expectativa do futuro e às reflexões sobre os eventos reconstroem esses momentos distintos da experiência do tempo em um tempo presente sempre distendido, em transição. O romance parece reconstituir certa aporia do tempo, visto que os tempos mostram-se como marcantes na consciência das personagens e, paradoxalmente, como fluidos e transitórios. Esse caráter denso e complexo da temporalidade na configuração da narrativa, o entrelaçamento entre presente contado, passado relembrado e de um futuro esperado confere uma densidade psicológica às personagens, sem nunca atribuir-lhes uma identidade estável e coesa e uma imagem íntegra. Encontra-se nessa dissertação, uma reflexão sobre a literatura portuguesa contemporânea, a obra do autor, e uma análise do romance com base, principalmente, nos estudos de Paul Ricoeur sobre a interdependência entre a configuração da intriga, a temporalidade e a constituição de uma identidade narrativa.

Au Québec, l’enfant est actuellement au centre de son éducation. Les intervenants gravitant autour de lui sont donc appelés à collaborer tout au long de son parcours scolaire afin de l’aider à atteindre son plein potentiel. Cette dynamique de collaboration est d’autant plus nécessaire lorsqu’il s’agit d’élève handicapé ou en difficulté d’adaptation ou d’apprentissage (ÉHDAA) pour qui la réussite éducative n’est pas toujours évidente. Le régime pédagogique de l’éducation préscolaire, de l’enseignement primaire et de l’enseignement secondaire du Québec (Gouvernement du Québec, 2020a) prescrit que des renseignements doivent être fournis une fois par mois aux parents d’enfants ayant des difficultés. Cette transmission de renseignements a pour but de favoriser la collaboration des parents et de l’école. Malheureusement, cette collaboration n’est pas toujours effective et de nombreux facteurs d’obstacles entravent la relation école-famille (Bouchard, St-Amant et coll., 2000 et Kalubi et Lesieux, 2006). Toutefois, en milieu scolaire, le plan d’intervention (PI) est un outil reconnu pour aider l’élève HDAA dans son cheminement scolaire puisqu’il incite, entre autres, à la collaboration entre l’école et la famille et demande l’implication des parents (Gouvernement du Québec, 2004). À cet égard, le PI est une démarche qui s’inscrit dans un « cycle de vie d’un PI dynamique et continu (Myara, 2017, p.52) », au travers d’une collaboration-école-famille permettant de mieux identifier les besoins de l’élève HDAA et d’y répondre. Cette recherche a pour but d’identifier les différentes formes de collaboration-école-famille qui existent entre les enseignants et les parents lors du cycle de vie d’un PI et de déterminer si le programme de formation et d’accompagnement à l’élaboration des PI (FADéPI) permet aux parents de s’y impliquer davantage. Ce faisant, nous avons adopté une approche de recherche mixte qui a été menée auprès de cinq intervenants scolaires et de deux parents d’élèves HDAA. Les données ont été recueillies par le biais d’analyse de canevas de PI, de questionnaires et d’inventaires. L’analyse des résultats semble révéler que bien que les parents participent habituellement aux rencontres de PI, ils n’arrivent pas toujours préparés comme le souhaiteraient les intervenants scolaires. De plus, bien que la littérature soutienne que la collaboration est essentielle à la réussite éducative de l’élève, elle ne semble pas toujours facile à obtenir. Toutefois, il existe diverses formes et périodes de collaboration, divers modes de collaboration et différents niveaux de collaboration, à l’intérieur de la démarche de PI, qui varient selon le degré de relation, le niveau de compétence de l’élève et de la complexité de ses besoins. Quant à l’impact du programme FADéPI sur l’implication parentale, il semble d’une part qu’il pourrait faciliter la participation et l’implication parentale de différentes façons. Toutefois, cette participation ne serait pas nécessairement active et ne découlerait pas d’un véritable partenariat (Bouchard et coll., 1996 et Deslandes, 1999), puisque malgré le désir d’atteindre un but commun et la confiance mutuelle, il ne semblerait pas y avoir une réelle recherche de consensus dans la prise de décision ni même une reconnaissance réciproque d’expertise qui permettrait de créer une relation d’égalité entre les participants. D’autre part, nous avons remarqué que l’accès à un canevas de PI, sur une plateforme, qui documente des objectifs observables, mesurables, qui met en exergue la progression des apprentissages de l’élève, et donne la possibilité aux parents de communiquer en mode synchrone ou asynchrone, favorise les connaissances des parents relatifs au PI de leur enfant et facilite la communication. / In the province of Quebec, children are the focal point of their own education. Teachers and professionals surrounding the student are called upon to collaborate throughout the her or his academic experience in order to help her or him reach their full potential. This collaborative dynamic is even more so essential when it comes to students with a disabilities or for whom educational success is not always obvious. The basic education regulation for preschool, elementary and secondary education in Quebec (Gouvernement du Québec, 2020a) requires that information be provided at least once a month to parents of children with different needs. The purpose of shared information is to encourage collaboration between parents and the school. Unfortunately, this collaboration is not always efficient and many factors hinder a fruitful relationship between the student’s school and family (Bouchard, St-Amant et al., 2000 and Kalubi and Lesieux, 2006). In a school environment, the individualized education program (IEP) is a recognized tool for helping the because students with different needs, it stimulates, among other things, collaboration between the school and the family and requires parent involvement (Government of Quebec, 2004). Actually an IEP is a process which takes part of a dynamic and continuous IEP life cycle (Myara, 2017, p.52)”, throughout a school-family collaboration allowing one to identify and respond to students different needs. This research aims to identify the different forms and modes of school-family collaboration that exist between IEP team members and parents during an IEP life cycle of and determine whether or not the training and support program for IEP development of IEPs (TSIEP) Program allows parents to become more involved. In our method, we adopted a mixed research approach. This was done with the participation of five school resource members and two parents of students with different needs. Data was collected through the analysis of IEPs documents, questionnaires and inventories. The results seems to reveal that although parents usually attend IEP meetings, they do not always arrive as prepared as the school counselors would like. Additionally, although the literature argues that collaboration is essential to a student's educational success, it does not always seem easy to achieve it. However, there are various forms, modes, levels and periods of collaboration during the IEP process, which vary according to the degree of the different relationships, the students competencies and the complexity of her or his needs. As for the impact of the FADéPI program on parental involvement, it seems on the one hand that it could facilitate parental participation and involvement in different ways. However, this participation would not necessarily be proactive and would not result from a true partnership (Bouchard et al., 1996 and Deslandes, 1999), since despite the desire to achieve a common goal and mutual trust, it would not seem there is a real search for consensus in decision-making or even a reciprocal recognition of expertise which would make it possible to create an equal relationship between the participants. On the other hand, we noticed that access to an online IEP template or model, which documents observable, measurable goals, highlights students progress and provides parents with the opportunity to communicate in synchronous or asynchronous mode, promotes parents' knowledge of their child's IEP and facilitates communication.

Information system, data, analysis, ZEFIS, implementation

Esta tese tem como objetivo investigar os limites constitucionais ao emprego de normas tributárias extrafiscais, contribuindo, de maneira original, com o desenvolvimento de métodos que possibilitem que estes instrumentos sejam controlados de modo mais preciso pelo Poder Judiciário. Para a consecução deste objetivo central, trabalhou-se a partir de quatro blocos de investigação. Primeiro, a pesquisa centrou-se em discutir a importância de segregação das normas tributárias entre fiscais e extrafiscais, analisando as diversas propostas de métodos para a separação entre estas. Ao final, a tese sugere que as normas tributárias extrafiscais devem ser identificadas a partir das suas finalidades, conforme venha a ser interpretado pelo aplicador da norma. Superada a questão, passa-se à investigação dos fundamentos constitucionais que legitimam o emprego das normas tributárias extrafiscais, quando se debate em que sentido normativo se pode falar em neutralidade tributária. Em um terceiro módulo de investigação, as normas tributárias extrafiscais são contrapostas às limitações constitucionais ao poder de tributar, ao conflito entre competência regulatória e competência tributária, ao conceito constitucional de tributo, bem como aos limites ínsitos às espécies tributárias previstas pela Constituição Federal. Por fim, apresenta-se um modelo de protocolo decisório que pode ser utilizado para fins de controlabilidade das normas tributárias extrafiscais pelo Poder Judiciário, colocando-se em destaque os princípios da igualdade e da proporcionalidade. / The main goal of this thesis is to investigate the constitutional limits on the use of non-fiscal purpose tax laws, contributing, with originality, to the development of methods that allow a more precise control of these instruments by the Judiciary Branch. To achieve such goal, the thesis was divided into four parts. The first part focuses in discussing the importance of segregation of tax laws in two groups: fiscal and non-fiscal, and analyzes the numerous methods proposed for such classification. The thesis suggests that non-fiscal purpose tax laws must be identified by their purpose, as interpreted by those responsible for applying the law. The second part investigates the constitutional basis that legitimates the use of non-fiscal purpose tax laws and discusses to what normative extent one can speak of tax neutrality. In the third part, the non-fiscal purpose tax laws are compared to the constitutional limits on taxation, to the conflict between regulatory competence and fiscal competence, to the constitutional concept of tax, as well as to the limits involving the tax species provided by the Federal Constitution. Finally, a model of decision making protocol is presented for use a mean of control by the Judiciary Branch of the non-fiscal purpose tax, highlighting the principles of equality and proportionality.

O controle da extrusão apical durante a reintervenção endodôntica é essencial para o sucesso do novo tratamento. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar a quantidade de material sólido extruído na desobturação de canais radiculares variando-se a técnica de esvaziamento e o limite de obturação. Foram utilizados 40 incisivos inferiores previamente tratados divididos em dois grupos de acordo com o limite de obturação estabelecido. Cada grupo foi subdividido em dois subgrupos levando-se em conta a técnica de desobturação empregada; manual (subgrupos A1 e B1) e mecânico-rotatória com limas de Ni-Ti (Quantec LX) (subgrupos A2 e B2). O material sólido extruído foi coletado por meio do sistema de filtração Millipore, levado à secagem em dessecador de sílica e pesado em balança analítica de precisão. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos a ANOVA para dois fatores de variação sendo em seguida empregado o Teste de Tukey (&#945; = 5%). A técnica de desobturação mecânico-rotatória produziu menor extrusão (0,66mg) que a manual (1,11mg), havendo diferença estatística significante entre elas (p < 0,05). Os canais preenchidos até o vértice radiográfico apresentaram maior quantidade de extrusão (1,38mg) do que os obturados 1 mm aquém do forame (0,39mg), observando-se diferença estatística significante entre eles (p < 0,05). A menor quantidade extrusão foi observada no subgrupo A2 (0,20mg), em que foi empregada a técnica rotatória de desobturação em canais obturados 1mm aquém do forame apical, sendo constatada diferença estatisticamente significante deste subgrupo com os demais (p < 0,05). A extrusão de material sólido durante a desobturação de canais radiculares é influenciado pela técnica empregada e pelo limite apical de obturação. / The apical extrusion control during the endodontic retreatment is essential for the success of the new treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare the quantity of solid apically extruded material during filling removal according the gutta-percha removal technique and root filling limit. Forty mandibular incisors with a single straight canal were selected. The canals were previously endodontically treated and then divided into two groups according the filling level. Each group was subdivided in two groups considering the retreatment technique: stainless steel hand files (subgroups A1 and B1) versus niquel-titanium rotatory instruments (subgroups A2 and B2). The extruded solid material was collected by Millipore filtration system, dried in silica desiccators and weighed in an eletrobalance. The results were analyzed using ANOVA with two variation factors and Tukey Test (&#945; = 5%). The niquel-titanium rotatory instruments produced less extrusion (0,66mg) than the stainless steel hand files (1,11mg), with significant statistical difference between them (p < 0,05). The canals filled until the radiographic apex showed larger amount of extruded material (1,38mg) than those filled 1 mm beyond the foramen (0,39mg). It was observed significant statistical difference between them (p < 0,05). The smaller extruded debris amount was observed in subgroup A2 (0,20mg), in which one the rotary technique was used to remove the gutta-percha of canals filled 1mm beyond the apical foramen. It was verified significant statistical difference of this subgroup with the other ones (p < 0,05). The extrusion of solid material during the gutta-percha removal is influenced by the technique as well as the apical filling limit.