This thesis aims to investigate the question of reality in Tom Stoppard&rsquo / s plays Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead, The Real Inspector Hound, and Travesties. Each of these plays closely examines the nature of reality and certainty and shows Stoppard as the critique of grand narratives of Reality, Truth, and Art. By deconstructing these master narratives, Stoppard attempts to invalidate the convictions that reality is fixed and that art should faithfully reproduce the material world in which reality is perceived as permanent. His challenge creates a realization in the audience and makes them question the issues they previously took for granted. To divest the audience of certainty and to display the endless pursuit of reality both in life and in art, Stoppard, in his plays, makes use of some metadramatic devices. Stoppard&rsquo / s distinctive use of the metadramatic devices which reveal the unaccountable nature of reality and the limits of knowledge is the core of this study

L’œuvre dramatique de Tom Stoppard est souvent considérée comme caractéristique du postmoderne. Les techniques d’écriture qui régissent le texte théâtral de Stoppard, étudiés dans cette thèse, participent à une véritable mise en scène de l’écriture. Ils sont aussi, selon nous, un moyen de détourner et parodier les codes du postmoderne. Collages, fragments et réécriture, caractéristiques de l’œuvre de Stoppard, traduisent aussi une vision patrimoniale de la littérature, et permettent une approche originale et critique du postmodernisme, renouvelant ainsi le discours sur le moderne. La présente étude se propose tout d’abord de montrer comment, à travers les références aux œuvres picturales de Magritte et Duchamp, Stoppard met en scène le signe. Puis, elle cherche à mettre en évidence la manière dont Stoppard utilise le collage et l’emprunt musical pour construire et structurer certaines de ses pièces. Elle envisage enfin le collage comme l’expression d’une herméneutique littéraire et philosophique, en examinant notamment l’influence de l’écriture de James Joyce sur le processus scripturaire du dramaturge. Le théâtre, seule forme d’expression artistique qui peut emprunter à tous les autres arts (Beaux-Arts, musique et littérature), est le lieu idéal où se déploient le foisonnement, la complexité et la richesse de l’écriture de Stoppard. Mais l’utilisation de citations et de fragments n’implique pas la fragmentation du sens : le théâtre de Stoppard, loin d’être l’expression d’une vision détachée du monde, propose aussi une véritable réflexion ontologique et politique sur notre société. / Tom Stoppard’s plays have often been viewed as the epitome of the postmodern. The writing techniques which inform Stoppard’s dramatic texts and which are studied in the present thesis play an essential part in the way in which the playwright stages his own writing process. This study also postulates that those techniques stand as a means of subverting and parodying the codes of the postmodern. The collages, fragments and rewriting which inform Stoppard’s works, reflect a patrimonial conception of literature and allow for an original approach and critique of postmodernism thus renewing the discourse on the modern. While considering the various references to the works of Magritte and Duchamp, the present study seeks to unveil the way in which Stoppard stages the sign. It will then shed light on the way in which Stoppard uses musical collages and quotations, which dot the playwright’s work, to shape and construct some of his plays. Finally, this dissertation will envisage collage as the expression of literary and philosophical hermeneutics as it examines James Joyce’s crucial influence on the playwright’s writing technique. Theatre stands probably as the only form of art which can borrow from all the other forms of art (painting, sculpture, music and literature). As such, it is the ideal locus for Stoppard’s subtle and complex writing techniques to proliferate. However, using quotations and fragments does not necessarily imply a fragmentation of meaning. Far from conveying a detached view of the world, Stoppard’s dramatic works provide the audience with an ontological and political thought-provoking view on our contemporary society.

Radio drama developed as a genre as new media proliferated and challenged the cultural primacy of print. The methods of production and distribution and the literary genres that developed during the age of print provided models for radio playwrights to follow but also cultural forces for them to challenge. This dissertation considers these dual influences of print on the radio drama of four playwrights: Orson Welles, Dylan Thomas, Samuel Beckett, and Tom Stoppard. Each playwright “remediates” the printed page in radio plays by adapting or evoking the form of various literary texts, including novels (Welles), travel writing (Thomas), diaries and transcribed speech (Beckett), and historical writing (Stoppard). By representing written texts in an electronic, primarily oral medium, these authors examined the status of literary expression in an age of ascendant electronic media. Welles’s The War of the Worlds and Huckleberry Finn, Thomas’s Under Milk Wood and other broadcasts, Beckett’s Rough for Radio II and Embers, and Stoppard’s In the Native State highlight defining features of the print tradition and reveal how practices of writing and “reading” changed in the radio environment. These plays suggest that radio prompted writers to reconsider the literary author’s creative role, the text’s stability, and the audience’s interaction with the work. “Radio Texts” ultimately argues, therefore, that radio drama’s significance transcends its place in media history and dramatic criticism; the works I examine also point to radio plays’ important role in authors’ re-evaluation of literary expression in a changing twentieth-century media ecology. / text

The purpose of this study was to critically evaluate Tom Stoppard’s application of chaos theory and quantum science in ROSENCRANTZ AND GUILDENSTERN ARE DEAD, HAPGOOD and ARCADIA; and determine the extent to which Stoppard argues for the importance of human action and choice. Through critical analysis this study examined how Stoppard applies the quantum aspects of: (1) indeterminacy to human epistemology in ROSENCRANTZ AND GUILDENSTERN ARE DEAD; (2) complementarity to human identity in HAPGOOD; and (3) recursive symmetry to human history in ARCADIA. It also examined how Stoppard excavates the complexities of human action, choice and identity through the lens of chaos theory and quantum science. These findings demonstrated that Tom Stoppard is not merely juxtaposing quantum science and human interactions for the sake of drama; rather, by excavating the complexities of human action, choice and identity through the lens of chaos theory and quantum science, Stoppard demonstrates the fundamental connection between individuals and the post-Newtonian universe.

Depuis vingt ans, le discours des sciences exactes apparaît régulièrement sur la scène britannique : la mécanique quantique, les mathématiques du chaos, la thermodynamique et les sciences naturelles sont aujourd’hui des matériaux dramaturgiques courants. Cette étude définit l’esthétique particulière et le nouveau rapport entre théâtre et savoir produits par ce phénomène, à partir d’un corpus reflétant la diversité de la création contemporaine, des dramaturges Tom Stoppard, Michael Frayn, Timberlake Wertenbaker ou Caryl Churchill aux compagnies de théâtre Complicite et On Theatre. Le discours scientifique joue dans ce théâtre un rôle simultanément épistémologique et poétique, car ses formes y sont détournées et activées dans de nouveaux contextes. Il fournit des métaphores et des structures narratives à des dramaturgies incertaines, caractérisées par une esthétique postmoderne de la vérité multiple et de l’ouverture du sens. Ces transferts discursifs sont ici abordés selon les trois grandes modalités du rapport à la science ainsi construit : l’imitation d’un modèle rationnel, la critique d’un lieu de pouvoir, et l’importation des schèmes poétiques de l’imaginaire scientifique. / Over the past twenty years, the discourse of hard science has appeared increasingly frequently on the British stage: quantum mechanics, chaos mathematics, thermodynamics and the natural sciences have provided dramatic material for contemporary artists. This thesis defines the resulting aesthetic, and the new relationship between theatre and knowledge that can be found in the work of dramatists such as Tom Stoppard, Michael Frayn, Timberlake Wertenbaker or Caryl Churchill, and theatre companies such as Complicite and On Theatre. The function of this scientific discourse is both epistemological and poetic: its forms are activated in new contexts, and bring metaphors and narrative structures to a postmodern drama characterised by uncertainty and multiple truths. These discursive transfers are analysed according to the relationship they create with science, which can involve imitating it as a rational model, criticizing it an instrument of power, or importing the shapes and patterns of scientific imagination.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Florida State University, 2004. / Advisor: Dr. Carrie Sandahl, Florida State University, School of Theatre. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed May 20, 2005). Includes bibliographical references.

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