Bakgrund: Enligt sjuksköterskans kompetensbeskrivning är det viktigt attuppmärksamma och möta patienten med hänsyn till olika aspekter, däribland kulturen. Detta innebär att höga krav ställs på sjuksköterskans förmåga att utöva transkulturell omvårdnad. En viktig aspekt för att uppnå god omvårdnad är en fungerande kommunikation mellan sjuksköterska och patient. Om hänsyn inte tas till patientens kulturella behov och önskningar kan detta resultera i ett vårdlidande för patienten. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors och sjuksköterskestudenters upplevelser av att vårda patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund än den egna. Metod: Genom en allmän litteraturöversikt har 11 artiklar granskats och sammanställts utifrån likheter och skillnader till fem stycken kategorier och fyra huvudkategorier. Resultat: Fyra huvudkategorier: Vårda den enskilde, Kulturspecifika behov och uttryck, Utmaningar i kommunikationen och Kunskap om kultur. Sjuksköterskorna identifierade olika aspekter som kunde skilja sig mellan kulturer och påverka omvårdnaden, såsom matkultur, religion, närståendes roll samt smärta och känslouttryck. Slutsats: I mötet med patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund upplevde sjuksköterskor och sjuksköterskestudenter många utmaningar som i sin tur hade inverkan på omvårdnaden. Klinisk betydelse: Resultatet kan ge upphov till ökad kunskap samt väcka nyfikenhet hos läsaren. Ämnet i sig är högst relevant i nutid då hänsyn till individens kulturella bakgrund är en viktig del för att uppnå en holistisk bild, någonting som är en grundsten i dagens sjukvård. / Background: According to the competence description for nurses, it is important to draw attention to and face patients from different aspects, including culture. This means that high demands are placed on nurse's ability to practice transcultural nursing. An important aspect to achieve good nursing care is appropriate communication between nurse and patient.  If consideration of the patient's cultural needs and desires isn't taken, it could result in suffering for the patient. Purpose: To describe nurses and nursing students' experiencesin caring for patients with different cultural backgrounds than their own. Method: In a general literature review 11 articles has been examined and summarized from similarities and differences into five categories and four main categories. Results: Four main categories: Nurture the individual, Culturally specific needs and expressions, Challenges in communication and Cultural knowledge. Nurses identified various aspects that could differ between cultures and affect care, such as food culture, religion, families, as well as pain and emotional expressions. Conclusion: In the encounter with patients with different cultural backgrounds, nurses and nursing students experienced many challenges which had an effect on the nursing care. Clinical significance: The results may lead to increased knowledge as well as to arise the readers’ curiosity. The topic itself is very relevant today because of the account of the individual's cultural background is an important part of achieving a holistic picture, and this is something that is a cornerstone of today's healthcare.

Bakgrund: I dagens samhälle med globalisering och en ökad invandring från andra länder så interagerar olika individer och grupper som inte har samma livsåskådning, tro ellervärderingar. Detta skapar ett ökat behov för en palliativ vård som är betydligt mer kulturkänslig, där sjuksköterskan och det multidisciplinära teamet kan bemöta både patienter från en annan kulturell etnicitet i ett palliativt skede och deras närstående på ett icke-dömande sätt. Konflikter och etiska svårigheter i omvårdnaden av dessa patienter kan riskera att påverka livets sista tid negativt. Syfte: Syftet är att belysa sjuksköterskan och det multidisciplinära teamets utmaningar i mötet med patienter från en annan kulturell etnicitet i palliativt skede. Metod: Studien är genomförd som en induktiv litteraturöversikt. Femton artiklar inkluderades och en tematisk innehållsanalysen utfördes enligt Bettany-Saltikov och McSherry. Resultat: Fyra huvudteman utformades i resultatet. Resultatet visade på utmaningar i det palliativa mötet, i kommunikationen, kulturell kompetens och kulturella utmaningar med patienter från en annan kulturell etnicitet. I det palliativa mötet framkom det att ordet palliativ inte har någon tydlig översättning inom flera olika språk och kulturer, vilket försvårade för sjuksköterskan och teamets i deras arbete. Kommunikation visade att det var svårt att göra ett bra arbete när man multidisciplinärt team varken kunde förmedla eller få korrekt tolkad information gällande sjukdomen, symtom eller förlopp till patienten. En kulturell medvetenhet var av stor betydelse samt vikten av att en god kulturell kompetens inom hela teamet var av stor vikt för att kunna bemöta och ge dessa patienter från en annan kulturell etnicitet i palliativt skede och deras närstående en god vård. Slutsats: Det framkom att både sjuksköterskan och teamet upplevde svårigheter med att möta och vårda patienter från en annan kulturell etnicitet och deras närstående på grund av kommunikationshinder och kulturella skillnaderna. Resultatet påvisade också att det fanns stora brister i kommunikationen både gällande den språkliga delen och uttrycksdelen men att även den kulturella delen brister. Kunskaper gällande religion och kultur hos personalen samt teamet runt omkring patienten är otillräcklig. / Background: In society today with the globalization and increased immigration from other countries, different individuals and groups who do not have the same outlook on life, beliefs or values interact. This creates an increased need for palliative care that is significantly more culturally sensitive, where the nurse and the multidisciplinary team can respond to both patients from another cultural ethnicity at a palliative stage and their relatives in a nonjudgmental way. Conflicts and ethical difficulties in the care of these patients may have a negative effect on the last days of life. Aim: The purpose is to shed light on the nurse and the multidisciplinary team's challenges in the meeting with patients from another cultural ethnicity in a palliative phase. Method: The study is conducted as an inductive literature review. Fifteen articles were included, and a thematic content analysis was performed according to Bettany-Saltikov and McSherry. Results: Four main themes were formulated in the result. The result showed challenges in the palliative encounter, in communication, cultural competence and cultural challenges with patients from another cultural ethnicity. In the palliative meeting, it emerged that the word palliative doesn`t have a clear translation in several different languages and cultures, which made it difficult for the nurse and the team in their work. Communication showed that it was difficult to do a good job when a multidisciplinary team could neither convey nor get correctly interpreted information regarding the disease, symptoms or course to the patient. A cultural awareness was of great importance and the importance of good cultural competence within the entire team was of great importance to be able to meet and give these patients from another cultural ethnicity in the palliative care stage and their relatives a good care. Conclusion: It emerged that both the nurse and the team experienced difficulties in meeting and caring for patients from another cultural ethnicity and their relatives due to communication barriers and cultural differences. The results also showed that there were major shortcomings in the communication, in terms of the linguistic part and the expressive part, but that the cultural part was also short. Knowledge regarding religion and culture of the staff and the team around the patient is insufficient.

No description available.

Bakgrund: I vår globaliserade värld ökar antalet invånare födda utomlands i Sverige, vilket utmanar sjuksköterskor vid vården av patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund. Forskning visar att språkbarriärer kan leda till frustration hos både sjuksköterskor och patienter. Genom att öka förståelsen för sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att vårda mångkulturella patienter kan vi förbättra vården och skapa en tryggare miljö. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskans upplevelser av att vårda patienter avvikande från majoritetskulturen inom sjukvården. Metod: Kvalitativ litteraturöversikt. Sökningar i PubMed och Cinahl resulterade i 12 artiklar som granskades noga och sammanställdes i en tabell. Dessa analyserades med Fribergs (2022) fyra analyssteg. Resultat: Vid möten med patienter från olika kulturella bakgrunder låg det primära ansvaret hos sjuksköterskor att upprätthålla hälsa och vård på lika villkor. Respekt för individens värdighet och mångfald, samt anpassning av vården för den mångkulturella befolkningen, var avgörande. Sjuksköterskors kulturella kompetens var central för anpassad vård. Kommunikationsbarriärer, tolkstrategier, fördomshantering och andliga behov var viktiga fokusområden. Diskussion: Utmaningar uppstår vid transkulturella vårdmöten på grund av språkliga hinder, anhörigas deltagande samt kulturella skillnader. Kulturell kompetensbrist påverkar vården negativt vid möten med patienter från olika kulturella bakgrunder då sjuksköterskor inte upplever sig ha tillräckligt med kompetens för att vårda på ett transkulturellt sätt.  Slutsats: Fortsatta brister finns i att integrera kulturell kompetens i sjukvårdssystemet, vilket påverkar sjuksköterskors förmåga att möta olika kulturella behov. Det blir alltmer viktigt att skapa en miljö som främjar kulturell mångfald för att kunna erbjuda högkvalitativ vård till en varierad patientpopulation. / Background: In our globalized world, the number of foreign-born residents in Sweden is increasing, which challenges nurses when caring for patients with a different cultural background. Research shows that language barriers can lead to frustration for both nurses and patients. By increasing the understanding of nurses' experiences of caring for multicultural patients, we can improve care and create a safer environment. Purpose: To describe the nurse's experiences of caring for patients deviating from the majority culture in healthcare. Method: A qualitative literature review. Searches in PubMed and Cinahl resulted in 12 articles that were carefully reviewed and compiled in a table. These were analysed using Friberg's (2022) four analysis steps. Results: In encounters with patients from different cultural backgrounds, the primary responsibility of nurses was to maintain health and care on equal terms. Respect for the individual's dignity and diversity, as well as adaptation of care for the multicultural population, was crucial. Nurses' cultural competence was central to adapted care. Communication barriers, interpreting strategies, prejudice management and spiritual needs were important areas of focus. Discussion: Challenges arise in transcultural healthcare encounters due to linguistic barriers, participation of relatives and cultural differences. The lack of cultural competence negatively impacts care during interactions with patients from diverse cultural backgrounds, as nurses feel they lack the expertise to provide transcultural care. Conclusion: Continued shortcomings persist in integrating cultural competence into the healthcare system, affecting nurses' ability to address diverse cultural needs. It becomes increasingly crucial to foster an environment that promotes cultural diversity to deliver high-quality care to a varied patient population.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo central descrever questões da identidade do ser enfermeiro negro formado pela Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo, a partir da perspectiva da Teoria da Enfermagem Transcultural através da análise de situações de preconceito vividas por esses enfermeiros frente a sua escolha profissional, sua formação acadêmica e a sua inserção no mercado de trabalho. Por ser o presente trabalho de natureza descritiva, histórico-social e exploratória, optou-se pelo método da História Oral, que é um método de pesquisa que utiliza a técnica da entrevista e outros procedimentos articulados entre si, no registro de narrativa da experiência humana. Optou-se também pelo método da História Oral Temática pelo fato desse ser um método que possibilita que as pessoas falem livremente, em seus respectivos contextos. A Escola de Enfermagem da USP formou, no período de 1947 a 2006, 2.886 enfermeiros, dos quais, 128 se declararam como não brancos. Foram localizados, no estado de São Paulo, 45 dos acima identificados, dos quais 14 cederam entrevistas para a presente investigação. Pode-se observar que a terminologia moreno(a) foi a mais utilizada para a autodeclaração e que, dos entrevistados, todos afirmam ter sofrido preconceito racial em algum momento de suas trajetórias de vida, em especial de forma velada, forma essa mais difícil de ser enfrentada. A presente investigação propiciou fazer da História uma atividade mais democrática a cargo das próprias comunidades, uma vez que permitiu construir a História a partir das próprias palavras daqueles que a vivenciaram e que participaram de um determinado período, mediante suas referências e, também, do seu imaginário, possibilitando o registro de reminiscências das memórias individuais ou a reinterpretação do passado. / This study aimed to describe the central issues of being a black nurse graduated by the School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, from the perspective of the Theory of Transcultural Nursing trough the analysis situations of prejudice experienced by these nurses facing their career choice, their academic training and their integration into the labor market. As the study has a descriptive, historical, social and exploratory character, was chosen the method of Oral History, which is a method that uses the interview and other processes linked together in the narrative record of human experience. It was also chosen the method of Oral History Thematic considering the fact that this method helps people to speak freely in their respective contexts. The School of Nursing graduated, in the period of 1947 to 2006, 2,886 nurses, of which 128 identified themselves as non-whites. Located, in the state of São Paulo, 45 of the above identified, of which 14 were interviewed for this research. It was noted that the terminology \"moreno\" was the most used for self reporting and that of those interviewed, all stated have suffered racial discrimination at some point in their life trajectories, especially in hidden form, which is the harder form to face. This research led to a more democratic history over the view of its own communities, because it allows the construction of history from the very words of those who participated and experienced, in a given period of time, through its references and imagination, allowing the registration of reminiscences of individual memories or the reinterpretation of the past.

Background: Sweden has developed to a country with great ethnic variation. Previous research shows that knowledge about the patient’s ethnicity is important for the quality and it’s the nurse’s responsibility to ensure that the patient gets god care regarded what ethnicity the patients belong to. Research shows that patients with different ethnicity then the majority has a larger ability to develop illness. Purpose: To describe nurse’s experiences of caring for patients with different ethnicity. Method: A systematic literature review with descriptive syntheses. Results: The result showed that communication barriers, ethnic collision and lack of recourses is the greatest challenge for nurses to provide transcultural care. But at the same time nurse’s experienced that they evolved in a professional level when they experienced that their awareness of the importance of ethnicity as a key too holistic acre. That knowledge got better when they cared for patients with another ethnicity. Conclusion: Nurse’s experienced that it’s challenging to provide god care to patients with different ethnicity. Knowledge of transcultural care is an important key to holistic care. The nurse’s experienced that more knowledge about transcultural care and more recuses in form of time, education and access to professional interpreter as important elements to reach the goal to provide good and individualized care.

<p>Då Sverige är ett mångkulturellt land med en expanderande population ställs vi inför många möten i vården med patienter av annan kulturell bakgrund. Syftet med studien var att beskriva vilka faktorer som kan påverka sjuksköterskans möte med patienter av annan etnisk bakgrund än den svenska. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie där 14 vetenskapliga artiklar analyserades. Resultatet visar olika faktorer som påverkar mötet, vilka kan vara kommunikation, utbildning, attityder, miljö, etnicitet och religion, där kommunikationen som är både verbal och icke-verbal, kan ses som den viktigaste aspekten för ett bra patientmöte. Personalen behöver insikt i hur människor av annan etnicitet kan uttrycka sig för att kunna uppfatta deras behov. Kunskap och förståelse om andra etniciteter krävs för att kunna utöva adekvat omvårdnad. Sjuksköterskan bör därtill utveckla sin kulturella kompetens genom utbildning. Ämnet bör ingå i grundutbildningen för all vårdpersonal. Dessutom bör en evidensbaserad eller åtminstone forskningsförankrad handlingsplan för transkulturella möten finnas på varje vårdavdelning. <strong></strong></p> / <p>Since Sweden is a multicultural country with an expanding population we are faced with many meetings in the care of patients of different origin. The aim of the study was to describe the factors that may influence the nurse’s meeting whit patients of different ethnical background than the Swedish. The study was conducted as a literature review in which 14 scientific articles were analyzed. The result shows the different factors that affect the meeting, which may be communication, education, attitudes, environment, ethnicity and religion, were communication is seen as both verbal and non-verbal, and can be seen as the most important aspect of a high-quality patient meeting. The personnel need an understanding of how people of different ethnicity express themselves in order to understand their needs. Knowledge and understanding of other ethnicity is required to provide an adequate care with the best results. Nurses should develop their cultural competency through education. These skills should be learned in the basic education for health professionals. In addition, clinical practical guidelines for multicultural meetings should be found on each nursing ward.</p>

Då Sverige är ett mångkulturellt land med en expanderande population ställs vi inför många möten i vården med patienter av annan kulturell bakgrund. Syftet med studien var att beskriva vilka faktorer som kan påverka sjuksköterskans möte med patienter av annan etnisk bakgrund än den svenska. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie där 14 vetenskapliga artiklar analyserades. Resultatet visar olika faktorer som påverkar mötet, vilka kan vara kommunikation, utbildning, attityder, miljö, etnicitet och religion, där kommunikationen som är både verbal och icke-verbal, kan ses som den viktigaste aspekten för ett bra patientmöte. Personalen behöver insikt i hur människor av annan etnicitet kan uttrycka sig för att kunna uppfatta deras behov. Kunskap och förståelse om andra etniciteter krävs för att kunna utöva adekvat omvårdnad. Sjuksköterskan bör därtill utveckla sin kulturella kompetens genom utbildning. Ämnet bör ingå i grundutbildningen för all vårdpersonal. Dessutom bör en evidensbaserad eller åtminstone forskningsförankrad handlingsplan för transkulturella möten finnas på varje vårdavdelning. / Since Sweden is a multicultural country with an expanding population we are faced with many meetings in the care of patients of different origin. The aim of the study was to describe the factors that may influence the nurse’s meeting whit patients of different ethnical background than the Swedish. The study was conducted as a literature review in which 14 scientific articles were analyzed. The result shows the different factors that affect the meeting, which may be communication, education, attitudes, environment, ethnicity and religion, were communication is seen as both verbal and non-verbal, and can be seen as the most important aspect of a high-quality patient meeting. The personnel need an understanding of how people of different ethnicity express themselves in order to understand their needs. Knowledge and understanding of other ethnicity is required to provide an adequate care with the best results. Nurses should develop their cultural competency through education. These skills should be learned in the basic education for health professionals. In addition, clinical practical guidelines for multicultural meetings should be found on each nursing ward.

Studiens syfte var att undersöka psykoterapeuters upplevelser av arbete med traumatiserade patienter från andra kulturer. Fokus låg på att undersöka de svårigheter och hinder som kan uppstå till följd av kulturella skillnader mellan terapeut och patient. Högre förekomst av psykiatriska tillstånd bland flyktingar i kombination med postmigratoriska sårbarhetsfaktorer ställer krav på terapeuters kompetens. Kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer användes. Data analyserades tematiskt utifrån ett socialkonstruktivistiskt perspektiv. Resultaten visar att kulturell kompetens är otillräcklig inom mångkulturell vård och framhäver ett behov av ökad insikt i den egna kulturen, inklusive det västerländska synsättet på psykisk ohälsa. Studien lyfter fram betydelsen av en ideografisk ansats i terapisammanhang och förespråkar ett kritiskt förhållningssätt till det västerländska perspektivet vid arbete med patienter från andra kulturer. / The aim of the study was to explore psychotherapist’s experience of trauma focused treatment with transcultural encounters, focusing on examining difficulties and obstacles that might arise due to cultural differences between therapist and patient. Higher prevalence of psychiatric illness among refugees in combination with post-migration vulnerabilities requires competence among therapists.  Qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews was used and data was analyzed thematically from a social-constructivist perspective. Results show that cultural competence is insufficient within transcultural care settings and highlights the need for increased insight into care givers own culture, including the Western perspective of psychiatric illness. The study emphasizes the value of an ideographic approach in therapy and suggests a critical attitude towards the Western perspective when working with transcultural patients.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaNFF_DISSERT.pdf: 2703676 bytes, checksum: 0a6535bf05102a424a0070968ed1d915 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-16 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The desire to research on this subject arisen from the experience as nursing in the indigenous health, where I observed that many professionals from all regions of Brazil chose to work within this zone. It was notorious the nurse s difficult to settle in only one place for a long length of time. Probably due to health care in indigenous zones happens from a cultural confront. This confront materialize because both sides are imbued with their own culture: in one hand the nurse professional with its scientific knownledgment on the other the indigenous with their rituals and peculiars habits. In this context nurses should delineate and negotiate the reality through symbolic representations of life, and then make questions on the new reality. In this way, this study set out with the aim of apprehends the nurse s social representations of transcultural care in indigenous health. This knownledgment is important to avoid possible conflicts, shocks, difficulties and health care incongruence within this context. The data collect was carried out on a range of non structured interview guided by a pre-elaborated questionnaire with four questions and a hand drawing related to nurse s health care in the indigenous health. This research had a sample of 17 nurses from the Indigenous Sanitary District of Manaus in the Amazon State. To interpret data we used the Discourse of the Collective Subject, which findings were presented in three chapters: characterization of participants, discussion on themes prevalent in discourse; social representation of nursing care through infographics. The analysis revealed that the care in the indigenous health is challenging because the native people imbued in its world are perceived and processed according to the nurse s cultural lens, leading to materialize of some strangeness and adaptation difficulties, especially in the first contacts. The Social Representation on nursing practice, in many cases, is projected and contrived on the basis of scattered believes and on perception derived from common sense. The findings shows that representions are essential to mitigating the initial strangeness and help nurses to better situate themselves in the new universe. The nurse s practice in the indigenous health care should merge into each other. From the Social Representations is possible to perceive that assimilation, also comprehension on indigenous health system and its traditional knowledge are important to developing strategies to improve access and quality of care for indigenous peoples. After analysis the nurse s discourses and drawings, it is possible to represent the nurse s practice in the indigenous health as anthropophagism, since nurses should literally consuming its patients culture, digesting it and seize it as means to provide culturally congruent care. We highlight the urgent need for preparation and training of professionals to work more effectively with indigenous peoples / A realiza??o deste estudo surgiu a partir da experi?ncia como enfermeira na sa?de ind?gena, ao observar que muitos profissionais oriundos das mais diversas regi?es do Brasil optavam por esta ?rea de atua??o. Era not?ria a dificuldade que o enfermeiro tinha em fixar-se por muito tempo em um ?nico local de servi?o. Provavelmente porque o cuidado de sa?de na ?rea ind?gena acontece a partir de um confronto de culturas diversas, pois traz o profissional, de um lado, com todo o seu conhecimento acad?mico e cultura pr?pria e, do outro lado, o ?ndio com seus ritos, usos e costumes peculiares. Neste contexto, o enfermeiro deve definir e negociar a realidade atrav?s de representa??es simb?licas da vida, para, em seguida, questionar a nova realidade. Assim, este estudo busca apreender as representa??es sociais sobre o cuidado transcultural na sa?de ind?gena para os profissionais enfermeiros. Conhecimento, este, importante para evitar poss?veis conflitos, choques, dificuldades e incongru?ncia do cuidado nesse contexto. A coleta de dados foi realizada atrav?s de entrevista n?o-estruturada guiada por um roteiro contendo quatro quest?es norteadoras e elabora??o de um desenho que fosse relacionado ao cuidado do enfermeiro na sa?de ind?gena. A pesquisa contou com a participa??o volunt?ria de 17 enfermeiros do Distrito Sanit?rio Ind?gena de Manaus, no Estado do Amazonas. Para o tratamento dos dados foi utilizada a T?cnica de An?lise do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, sendo os resultados apresentados em tr?s momentos, a saber: caracteriza??o dos participantes do estudo, discuss?o das categorias predominantes nos discursos e representa??o social do cuidado de enfermagem atrav?s de infogr?ficos. A an?lise revelou que o cuidado na sa?de ind?gena ? desafiador porque o ind?gena e seu mundo s?o percebidos e processados de acordo com a lente cultural dos enfermeiros, levando ao surgimento de alguns estranhamentos e dificuldades de adapta??o, principalmente nos primeiros contatos. A RS da pr?tica de enfermagem na sa?de ind?gena, em muitos casos, ? projetada e idealizada com base nas cren?as disseminadas e nas percep??es originadas do senso comum. Percebe-se, pois, que o trabalho de representar ? essencial em atenuar as estranhezas iniciais e ajudar o enfermeiro a situar-se melhor no novo universo. A pr?tica de enfermagem na sa?de ind?gena deve ser a fus?o das culturas do ind?gena e do enfermeiro. A partir da Representa??o Social reconhece-se que a assimila??o, a compreens?o do sistema de sa?de ind?gena e o uso dos conhecimentos dessas pr?ticas s?o elementos essenciais para o desenvolvimento de estrat?gias que podem melhorar o acesso e a qualidade do cuidado aos povos ind?genas. Ap?s a an?lise dos discursos e desenhos realizados pelos enfermeiros, pode-se representar a pr?tica de enfermagem na sa?de ind?gena atrav?s do antropofagismo, no qual o enfermeiro deve literalmente devorar a cultura dos seus pacientes, digeri-la e apoderar-se dela para prestar um cuidado culturalmente congruente. No entanto, ressalta-se a necessidade urgente do preparo e treinamento desses profissionais para uma atua??o mais eficaz com os povos ind?genas