Clinicians’ attitudes and behaviors toward patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are affected by the label’s stigma. Complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) was proposed as a comprehensive and less stigmatizing diagnostic category for clients with BPD and a history of complex trauma. Given considerable similarities across both disorders’ diagnostic criteria, the CPTSD framework holds promise as a means to improve therapists’ attitudes towards clients with BPD and a history of complex trauma. However, this quality of CPTSD had not yet been examined empirically. Using vignettes in a between-subjects experimental design, this study investigated whether CPTSD is a less stigmatizing label than BPD for trauma survivors. Participants were 322 practicing psychotherapists. Evidence of BPD stigma was found, as was an affinity for CPTSD. Results generally supported CPTSD as a less stigmatizing label than BPD; therapists presented with a CPTSD-labeled vignette were somewhat less likely to blame the client for her symptomatic behavior and expected slightly stronger working alliance with the client than therapists presented with the BPD-labeled vignette. However, therapists’ agreement with the BPD diagnosis and theoretical orientation were found to be more salient than diagnostic label in affecting concepts related to the stigmatization of BPD clients. Additionally, familiarity with CPTSD was related to more favorable attitudes toward the client and her course of treatment. Regardless of CPTSD’s recognition as a formal diagnosis, education about the construct is widely recommended for therapists.

The purpose of this study was to examine and compare individuals that had survived a single incidence trauma, the Luby's massacre in Killeen, Texas. Participants answered questions regarding various facets of social support following the trauma, and were also screened for a diagnosis of PTSD. Participants' level of symptoms, specifically depression, anxiety, and phobic anxiety was measured over time with the SCL-90-R. The results of this study indicate that, while women initially experience a higher level of depression and phobic anxiety, there is no gender difference in rate of symptom change over time. This study also found that women were significantly higher than men on desirability, utilization and usefulness of social support. Of the target symptoms, however, only depression correlated with any facet of social support, specifically, desirability. Finally, this study questioned whether individuals would share more similarities with others based on gender or diagnosis. It is suggested by the current data that diagnosis is the better indicator of similarity.

<p>Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka risken för Compassion Fatique hos sjuksköterskor vid Akademiska sjukhuset i Uppsala. Compassion Fatigue är då en person som konsekvens av sitt empatiska engagemang gentemot en annan person blir emotionellt utmattad. En enkätstudie bland psykiatrisjuksköterskor och sjuksköterskor inom den somatiska vården gjordes, dessa jämfördes i avseende på Compassion Fatique-risk. Huvudresultatet tyder på att nästan en fjärdedel av sjuksköterskorna som grupp är i riskzonen för att utveckla Compassion Fatique och att närmare 40 % av alla deltagare var i riskzonen för att utveckla utbrändhet. 21,9 % låg under referensvärdet för Compassion Satisfaction, vilket innebär att man ej känner sig tillfredställd med sin arbetssituation.  Risken för Compassion Fatigue och utbrändhet var lika för de båda grupperna, men värdet på Compassion Satisfaction skilde sig och var lägst bland psykiatrisjuksköterskorna. Det finns dock ingen signifikant skillnad mellan psykiatrisjuksköterskorna eller de sjuksköterskor som arbetade inom somatiken gällande risk för Compassion Fatique, risk för utbrändhet eller Compassion Satisfaction. Både sjuksköterskor inom den somatiska och psykiatriska vården vid Akademiska universitessjukhuset i Uppsala visar tecken på Compassion Fatique och utbrändhet. I studien kunde även ett samband mellan utbrändhet och Compassion Fatigue påvisas.</p>

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka risken för Compassion Fatique hos sjuksköterskor vid Akademiska sjukhuset i Uppsala. Compassion Fatigue är då en person som konsekvens av sitt empatiska engagemang gentemot en annan person blir emotionellt utmattad. En enkätstudie bland psykiatrisjuksköterskor och sjuksköterskor inom den somatiska vården gjordes, dessa jämfördes i avseende på Compassion Fatique-risk. Huvudresultatet tyder på att nästan en fjärdedel av sjuksköterskorna som grupp är i riskzonen för att utveckla Compassion Fatique och att närmare 40 % av alla deltagare var i riskzonen för att utveckla utbrändhet. 21,9 % låg under referensvärdet för Compassion Satisfaction, vilket innebär att man ej känner sig tillfredställd med sin arbetssituation.  Risken för Compassion Fatigue och utbrändhet var lika för de båda grupperna, men värdet på Compassion Satisfaction skilde sig och var lägst bland psykiatrisjuksköterskorna. Det finns dock ingen signifikant skillnad mellan psykiatrisjuksköterskorna eller de sjuksköterskor som arbetade inom somatiken gällande risk för Compassion Fatique, risk för utbrändhet eller Compassion Satisfaction. Både sjuksköterskor inom den somatiska och psykiatriska vården vid Akademiska universitessjukhuset i Uppsala visar tecken på Compassion Fatique och utbrändhet. I studien kunde även ett samband mellan utbrändhet och Compassion Fatigue påvisas.

Siekiant nustatyti iš misijos Afganistane grįžusių karių psichologinę būklę, patiriamus stresogeninius įvykius, kokios stresinės situacijos įtakoja potrauminio streso pasireiškimą, šiame darbe analizuojami jų patirti stresogeniniai įvykiai, potrauminio streso išsivystymas bei grupės sutelktumas. „Karių patiriamo streso klausimynas“, Potrauminio streso Misisipės skalė“, „Grupės sutelktumo“ klausimynais. Apklausta 111 iš misijos Afganistane grįžusių karių. Rezultatai parodė, kad kariams, patyrusiems daugiau stresogeninių įvykių bei blogiau vertinantiems grupės sutelktumą, yra labiau išreikšti potrauminio streso simptomai, nei tiek pat patyrusiems stresogeninių įvykių, bet geriau vertinantiems grupės sutelktumą. Nustatyta, kad nepriklausomai nuo patiriamų stresogeninių įvykių, kariai patiria daugiau potrauminio streso simptomų, esant blogesniam grupės sutelktumui. Tiek aukštojo, tiek neturinčių aukštojo išsilavinimo, tiek vyresnių, tiek jaunesnių ir patyrusių stresogeninių įvykių karių potrauminio streso simptomų išreikštumas nesiskiria. / Aiming to assess the psychological condition of soldiers, who have returned from an international mission in Afghanistan, the incurred stressogenic events, to find out what stressful situations cause post-traumatic stress, the stressogenic events they have experienced as well as development of post-traumatic stress and unit cohesion are the scope of analysis of this paper. 111 soldiers, who had returned from an international mission, were interviewed using the following surveys: Soldiers' Stress Survey, Mississippi Scale for Post-traumatic Stress, Unit Cohesion. The results demonstrated that the soldiers, who had experienced more stressogenic events and evaluated the unit cohesion with a lower grade, had a deeper post-traumatic stress symptoms than those, who had experienced the same number of stressogenic events but gave a better evaluation of the unit cohesion. It has been established that in the event of lower unit cohesion, soldiers experience deeper post-traumatic stress symptoms, regardless of incurred stressogenic events. The depth of post-traumatic stress symptoms did not vary between groups of soldiers having higher education degree and those who did not, as well as between older and younger or the ones, with bigger stressogenic event experience.

The present study utilized the ecological-transactional theory (Bronfenbrenner, 1983; Cicchetti & Lynch, 1993) as a theoretical framework for examining the relationship between Community Violence Exposure (CVE) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among Jamaican inner-city children and adolescents. Social support and spirituality/religiosity were proposed as potential mediating factors. Based on the empirical and theoretical literature, two competing models were designed and tested, a priori. In the primary model, CVE was proposed to directly impact PTSD both directly and indirectly through social support and spirituality/religiosity. The alternate model tested the full meditational effect of social support and spirituality/religiosity on the relationship between CVE and PTSD. It was hypothesized that the primary model would adequately fit the data. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the fit of the two models to the data for the present study. Results indicated a poor fit for both the primary and the alternate model. However, post hoc model modification yielded adequate fit with the removal of social support from the model. Theoretical, research, and practice implications are discussed in relation to these findings, as well as methodological limitations and directions for future research. The study concluded that spirituality/religiosity has the potential to protect Jamaican inner-city children and adolescents from the consequences of CVE / Access permanently restricted to Ball State community only / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

Thesis (MA (Theol.))-University of Pretoria, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.W.)--Smith College School for Social Work, Northampton, Mass., 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-40).

The purpose of this study is to tell the story of lay trauma counsellors - how the work they do affects them, what helps them to cope and what hinders their coping. The epistemological framework of this study is constructivism. This study involved in-depth interviews with three lay trauma counsellors from different cultural backgrounds who counselled for a minimum of one year. Hermeneutics was the method used to analyse the data. The stories of participants were recounted through the researcher&#8217;s lens in the form of specific themes that emerged for individual participants. Recurring themes evident in the stories of all three participants were discussed and compared with the literature. The information gleaned could be valuable to organisations considering setting up lay trauma programmes, to those with established programmes, as well as to prospective and experienced lay counsellors. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

Master of Science / School of Family Studies and Human Services / Briana S. Nelson Goff / Traumatic events affect not only the primary trauma survivor, but also secondary trauma survivors (e.g., spouses, children). Intimate partner relationships provide unique conditions for examining how the interpersonal and/or systemic impact of trauma exposure and post-trauma responses can impact both the primary and secondary trauma survivors, and the interpersonal dynamics of the couple. Preliminary work has indicated that the extent of trauma disclosure may serve as a buffering effect for relationship adjustment for those below the clinical threshold for PTSD (Monk & Nelson Goff, 2014). Researchers also have found that relationships can suffer effects in direct correlation to trauma disclosure (Creech, Benzer, Liebsack, Proctor, & Taft, 2013; Nelson Goff et al., 2006). The current study explored qualitative and quantitative data from low trauma disclosure individuals (n = 15) and their partners. The Couple Adaptation to Traumatic Stress Model (Nelson Goff & Smith, 2005; Oseland, Gallus, & Nelson Goff, in press) was used to provide the framework for understanding the experiences of low trauma disclosure to spouses in a sample of Army soldiers and their spouses. The low trauma disclosure group reported some positive and negative themes related to relationship functioning. The mixed trauma disclosure partners (n = 7) reported primarily negative themes related to relationship functioning, as well as the positive theme of increased communication. The high trauma disclosure partners (n = 4) reported all positive themes related to relationship functioning. Contrary to the original hypothesis, the results indicated mixed trauma disclosure partners seemed to be functioning at lower levels than the low or high trauma disclosure partners A quantitative analysis demonstrated a number of trends throughout the disclosure groups. The low trauma disclosure group reported scores between the mixed and high trauma disclosure groups for all measures. The mixed trauma disclosure group overall reported the highest PTSD scores and lowest couple adjustment scores, despite experiencing the lowest number of traumatic events and general trauma symptoms. The high trauma disclosure group reported the highest couple adjustment scores, despite experiencing the highest number of traumatic events, trauma symptoms, and lowest PTSD scores. Implications for practice and future research also are described.