Nutritional and Economic Analysis of Small-Scale Agriculture in Imbabura, Ecuador Intervention projects in the developing world normally aim to satisfy either the nutritional needs of a group, or advancing the economic stability, but not both. One of the many issues that may arise by narrowly focusing and creating an aid program is that although a group may be fed, they are not equipped to mitigate risks that will arise after project completion and thus continue or revert back to a malnourished state. A bridge is required to join the economic and nutritional programs to create aid interventions that are sustainable past the point of donor separation. This paper proposes the creation of a linear program model to assess the effectiveness and sustainability of such intervention programs. Investigating the effects of merging economic and nutrition interventions as pursued in this report required the first step to be the creation of economic information for a typical small-scale farm. The region of Cochas, Imbabura, Ecuador was selected as the study area in which data would be collected for a representative sample of production and living circumstances of a poor, rural, and small-scale farmer. A comprehensive set of estimated cost and return (enterprise) budgets for small-scale agricultural crops that could be grown by the representative farm family used in this analysis was developed. This was accomplished via data collected in rural Ecuador by Jake Erickson, a Master's student in the department of Applied Economics at Utah State University. Of the supervisory committee, daily interaction occurred with Dr. DeeVon Bailey, project supervisor, and Dr. Ruby Ward, linear program specialist, whom were crucial in project completion. Various scenarios of the linear program were run with variations to the selection of nutritional requirements, off-farm income, and allowing food purchases off the family farm. Each of these scenarios was pursued as they mimic circumstances in which families may struggle to exist within the developing world. The results of each run are compared across the set of results to help understand what assumptions need to exist to validate an intervention's approach to improving the standard of living or nutrition of the world's poor, rural, small-scale farmers. This model is a preliminary attempt at assessing the sustainability of merging common intervention approaches and it should be recognized that further development is needed to create a more encompassing model. Utilizing enterprise budgets, a linear programming model, and nutritional information, such as is done in this study, can help in planning rural development interventions as the income maximization and least-cost diet models are integrated into one within the resource and management constraints of the representative small-scale farm.

A comparison of the effects on recovery while breathing a 97 per cent oxygen mixture and normal compressed atmospheric air after treadmill running was determined among nine male wrestlers at Utah State University. The variables examined were heart rate and percentages of oxygen and carbon dioxide in expired air. The practice of some athletic teams of administering oxygen to participants during time out periods was the motivation for this study. A great majority of the studies reviewed conclude that oxygen does not play a significant role in aiding recovery from physical activity. The experiment first consisted of eight runs on the treadmill (Quinton Model 18-49-C) to familiarize the subjects with the equipment and also to enable them to plateau in conditioning for a five minute run at 0 per cent grade at eight miles per hour. After the training period was completed, the nine subjects went through a series of six runs, each followed immediately by a five minute recovery period while breathing a 97 per cent oxygen mixture for three of the recovery periods, and a 21 per cent oxygen mixture for the other three recovery periods. Heart rate was recorded every 30 seconds during the recovery period by the use of three electrodes on the subjects. Expired air was collected with the use of the Kofrany-Michaelis Respirometer. Air samples were analyzed for percentages of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the Fry Gas Analyzer. An analysis of variance showed no significant difference in heart rate decline while breathing either gas mixture. At the end of the five minutes of recovery, the subjects expired 3 per cent of carbon dioxide regardless of which oxygen mixture was breathed. It was concluded that there were no significant differences in the effects on recovery while breathing the 97 per cent oxygen mixture or the 21 per cent oxygen mixture.

Criterion have been developed in this study for designing a stilling basin to serve as a transition from pipe flow to open channel flow. The purpose of the structure is to prevent erosion in an open channel. The unsteadiness, or smoothness, of the water surface in the model basin was used as the criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of the structure for energy dissipation. The introduction of a short-pipe energy dissipater in the stilling basin has proven effective in dissipating energy. The stilling basin was designed for a fully submerged pipe outlet. The inflow pipe and the dissipator pipe were designed to be located on the same center line, at Y1/D1=1.5 above the stilling basin floor. The slit-width ratio, W/D1, yielding the smoothest water surface was 0.5 (W/D1=0.5). An optimum dissipator pipe diameter ratio of 2.0 was established (D2/D1=2.0), while the optimum dissipator pipe length ratio was determined to be 1.0 (L/D1=1.0). Three diameters of inlet pipe were used to determine scale effects. Within the accuracy of the measurements used in this study, no scale effects were detected. The expanding characteristics of a submerged jet were used in establishing the length of the stilling basin. Based on the dissipator pipe diameter ratio of 2.0 (D2/D1=2.0) the stilling basin length ratio is 3.5 (Lb/D1=3.5). Relations among the tailwater depth (dt), the outlet flume floor elevation (Y2), the height of boils in the stilling basin (hb), the width of the stilling basin (Wb),and the amount of freeboard, fb, have been studied. The interrelationships among F1, (Y2+dt)/D1, Wb/D1, and fb/D1 have been shown graphically.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of 20 hours of remedial reading instruction as compared with 20 hours of vocabulary instruction on a select group of university freshmen in the Remedial English Program. Three measures of effectiveness used were comprehension, rate, and effective reading rate. The effective reading rate was determined by computing the arithmetic product of level of comprehension and rate of reading. The results indicated that for this particular population, using the materials and instructional techniques described, neither group increased reading rate at the .01 level of significance. The effective reading rate of the reading group increased significantly at the .05 level.

The problem under investigation was to determine the leisure time activities and interests of Utah State University students. A questionnaire was circulated to a stratified-random sample group of 654 students from the nine colleges chosen by sex and class rank, spring quarter 1968. The students answered questions concerning their participation in recreation activities on campus, off campus, and as a spectator; no interest to participate in certain recreation activities; and desire to participate in recreation activities but did not for various reasons. The results indicated that the majority of the students satisfy on and off campus activity participation needs through spectator activities. However, students who responded did express a desire to participate in individual sports which have carry-over value for later life. They also are interested in activities which involve a more strenuous type of participation and preferably in the out-of-doors. The recreational activities offered to Utah State University students through the existing organizations do not satisfy all their activity needs. It was therefore recommended that a Recreational Council be formed comprising students, faculty, administration, and organizations for the express purpose of formulating new and more diversified recreation programs for Utah State University students.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ThiagoAES.pdf: 2135259 bytes, checksum: 7a7a4b8f1ca09cb9a42f3cb24a5cbd4a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-19 / Este trabalho tem dois objetivos: avaliar a usabilidade de tr?s interfaces de ambientes virtuais de educa??o ? dist?ncia atrav?s de duas t?cnicas avaliativas e identificar os fatores influenciadores da percep??o de usabilidade dos ambientes avaliados. Os sistemas de educa??o ? dist?ncia escolhidos foram o AulaNet, o E-Proinfo e o Teleduc, por serem desenvolvidos no Brasil e terem distribui??o gratuita. A avalia??o da usabilidade foi realizada atrav?s de duas t?cnicas documentadas na literatura. A primeira t?cnica de avalia??o, do tipo preditiva ou diagn?stica, foi realizada pelo autor e um concluinte do curso de Sistemas de Informa??o do Centro Federal de Educa??o Tecnol?gica do estado do Piau? (CEFET-PI), mediante a observa??o de um checklist denominado Ergolist. A segunda avalia??o, do tipo prospectivo, foi efetivada com o usu?rio sendo o pr?prio avaliador das interfaces, atrav?s de um question?rio. A amostra foi composta de 15 professores e 15 alunos do CEFET-PI. Os resultados colhidos foram analisados a partir da estat?stica descritiva e testes de chi-quadrado. Os resultados mostraram que os ambientes apresentarem problemas de adaptabilidade, pois n?o possuem flexibilidade e nem levam em considera??o a experi?ncia do usu?rio. Na an?lise inferencial, foi constatado que o tempo de uso da Internet n?o afetou significativamente sua avalia??o da usabilidade dos tr?s ambientes, assim como na maior parte das vari?veis de usabilidade n?o foram influenciadas pelo tipo de usu?rio , sexo e escolaridade . Por outro lado, em v?rios dos crit?rios ergon?micos avaliados, as vari?veis de sistema tipo de ambiente e experi?ncia com computador e a vari?vel demogr?fica faixa et?ria afetaram a percep??o de usabilidade dos ambientes virtuais de educa??o ? dist?ncia

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-04-04T18:50:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EmersonMouraDeAlencar_DISSERT.pdf: 3724984 bytes, checksum: 58faf85cbc4a9ba7a56428ca0516c391 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-04-12T22:11:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EmersonMouraDeAlencar_DISSERT.pdf: 3724984 bytes, checksum: 58faf85cbc4a9ba7a56428ca0516c391 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-12T22:11:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EmersonMouraDeAlencar_DISSERT.pdf: 3724984 bytes, checksum: 58faf85cbc4a9ba7a56428ca0516c391 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-03 / A metodologia com base em compet?ncia visa a forma??o do profissional com foco nas habilidades em realizar tarefas relativas ? sua ocupa??o no mercado de trabalho. Por?m, esta nova proposta trouxe desafios ?s equipes pedag?gicas e docentes, em especial nas tarefas de planejamento. O ato de planejar tem sido uma tarefa ?rdua, tendo em vista a mudan?a de paradigma, bem como tantos processos e informa??es que o docente precisa compreender e desenvolver. Devido a isso, este trabalho prop?e simplificar a tarefa de planejamento por meio de uma ferramenta computacional cuja usabilidade ser? avaliada de forma que minimize os problemas enfrentados e ofere?a recursos que facilitem a compreens?o de uma metodologia de ensino com base em compet?ncias. Para isso, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa explorat?ria com o objetivo de encontrar padr?es de dificuldades, atrav?s de formul?rios online e grupo focal foram coletados, com docentes das escolas do SENAI-DR/RN, dados relevantes ? formula??o de uma proposta de solu??o. O sistema, denominado MEP - Metodologia de Ensino Profissional, foi elaborado e desenvolvido em v?rias etapas, seguindo uma abordagem centrado no usu?rio, ou seja, envolvendo docentes e pedagogos durante o processo de concep??o e desenvolvimento da ferramenta. Para verificar a facilidade do uso do sistema e a diminui??o das barreiras que impe?am o usu?rio de atingir seus objetivos foi aplicado testes de usabilidade denominado teste de prot?tipo, onde foi poss?vel aferir os pontos que foram facilitador e barreias no uso da ferramenta. O presente trabalho apresenta o processo de elabora??o, desenvolvimento da ferramenta e os resultados de testes de usabilidade. / The competency-based methodology aims to train the professional with a focus on the skills to perform tasks related to their occupation in the job market. However, this new proposal has brought challenges to the pedagogical and teaching teams, especially in the planning tasks. The act of planning has been an arduous task, in view of the paradigm shift, as well as so many processes and information that the teacher needs to understand and develop. Due to this, the current work proposes to simplify the planning task through a computational tool whose usability will be evaluated in a way that minimizes the problems faced and offers resources that facilitate the understanding of a methodology of education based on competences. For this, an exploratory research was developed with the objective of finding patterns of difficulties, through online forms and focal group, data relevant to the formulation of a solution proposal were collected with teachers from the SENAI-DR / RN schools. The system, called MEP - Professional Teaching Methodology, was elaborated and developed in several stages, following a user - centered approach, that is, involving teachers and pedagogues during the design and development process of the tool. In order to verify the ease of use of the system and the reduction of barriers that prevent the user from reaching their goals, we applied usability tests called the prototype test, where it was possible to gauge the points that were facilitators and barriers in the use of the tool. The present work presents the process of elaboration, development of the tool and the results of usability tests.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-07-04T12:24:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SuzanaCeciliaCortesDeAraujoESilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1415802 bytes, checksum: 8bb6cdf5f977070bc021d4b3ddb3a793 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-12T12:18:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SuzanaCeciliaCortesDeAraujoESilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1415802 bytes, checksum: 8bb6cdf5f977070bc021d4b3ddb3a793 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-12T12:18:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SuzanaCeciliaCortesDeAraujoESilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1415802 bytes, checksum: 8bb6cdf5f977070bc021d4b3ddb3a793 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-05 / A formula??o e implementa??o de pol?ticas p?blicas para o enfrentamento de quest?es relacionadas ao consumo de subst?ncias psicoativas fundamentam, estruturam e moldam a rela??o do Estado com os consumidores de subst?ncias psicoativas. Dentre as pr?ticas estatais a eles direcionadas, no contexto do modelo proibicionista atualmente eleito como par?metro para o desenvolvimento pol?ticas nesta seara, a interna??o destes indiv?duos contra a sua vontade para tratamento for?ado tem sido utilizada tanto em condutas adotadas pelo Poder Executivo, quanto como op??o recorrente na atua??o do Judici?rio. Neste cen?rio, o presente trabalho objetiva analisar a compatibilidade constitucional da interna??o de consumidores de subst?ncias psicoativas para tratamento for?ado. A an?lise a ser empreendida parte da contextualiza??o pol?tica, legislativa e judicial da atua??o estatal na interna??o contra a vontade de consumidores de psicoativos. Procurar-se-?, ent?o, adotando-se uma perspectiva jur?dico-dogm?tica, fixar o par?metro jusfundamental para o controle de constitucionalidade a ser empreendido, esclarecendo o alcance de sua ?rea de prote??o e seus correspondentes limites constitucionais. Em seguida, ? luz do direito fundamental ? autodetermina??o, fixado como par?metro e como consect?rio do direito fundamental ? liberdade previsto no art. 5?, caput, da Constitui??o Federal, os prop?sitos apresentados como justifica??o ? interven??o estatal ora analisada, bem como os meios utilizados pelo Poder P?blico para a implementa??o da interven??o, ter?o sua licitude verificada. Por fim, a interna??o contra a vontade de consumidores de subst?ncias psicoativas ser? submetida aos crit?rios empiricamente orientados da adequa??o e da necessidade, decorrentes do princ?pio da proporcionalidade, para que, assim, seja poss?vel aferir ou n?o a constitucionalidade da atua??o estatal investigada. / The formulation and implementation of public politics addressed to issues related to the consumption of psychoactive substances base, structure and shape the State's relationship with the user. Among the state practices directed to drug users, considering the context of the prohibitionist model currently elected as a parameter for the development politics in this endeavor, the hospitalization of these individuals against their volition for forced treatment has been instrument and reality both approaches adopted by the Executive, and as a recurring option in the Brazilian judicial performance. In this scenario, the present study aims to analyze the constitutional compatibility of hospitalization consumers of psychoactive substances for forced treatment. The analysis to be undertaken starts with the political, legislative and judicial context of state action in hospitalization against the volition of consumers of psychoactive drugs. The research will then, adopting un dogmatic perspective, set the parameter jusfundamental for the constitutional review to be undertaken, clarifying his protection area and corresponding constitutional limits. Afterward, according to the fundamental right of self-determination, set as a parameter and as logical outcome of the fundamental right to freedom foreseen in the art. 5, caput, of the Federal Constitution, the purposes presented as justification for the state intervention now analyzed, and the means used by the Government for the implementation of the intervention, will have its lawfulness verified. And finally, the hospitalization against the volition of psychoactive substances consumers will be subjected to empirical criteria of appropriateness and necessity, stemmed from the principle of proportionality, to thus be possible to conclude about the constitutionality of the state action now investigated.

The purpose of this study was to test whether a relationship exists between adiposity and functional capacity. A moderate negative correlation was found between adiposity and functional capacity. This indicates that as adiposity increases, functional capacity decreases.

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between marital satisfaction, agreement on money matters, and money management competence among married couples at Utah State University . A sample of 43 student couples responded to a written questionnaire designed to measure the three variables. On all three variables measured, high scores indicated that both spouses rated themselves high on marital satisfaction, agreement on money matters, and money management competence. A positive relationships was found to exist between the four correlations, the strongest for both partners being marital satisfaction with agreement on money matters. The correlation, marital satisfaction with money management competence, though not as strong, was significant for both partners.