Em computação ubíqua, existe a ideia de tornar o computador onipresente, \"invisível\", de modo a aproximar computadores e humanos. Com o avanço das tecnologias de hardware e de software, torna-se interessante investigar possibilidades inovadoras de interação com os computadores. Neste trabalho, exploramos novas formas de interação inspiradas nos atos de desenhar, agarrar e gesticular. Para testá-las, desenvolvemos novos algoritmos baseados em câmeras RGBD para detecção, classificação e rastreamento de objetos, o que permite a concepção de uma instalação interativa que utilize equipamentos portáteis e de baixo custo. Para avaliar as formas de interação propostas, desenvolvemos a Superfície Mágica, um sistema que transforma uma superfície comum (como uma parede ou uma mesa) num espaço interativo multi-toque. A Superfície Mágica identifica toques de dedos de mãos, de canetas coloridas e de um apagador, oferecendo também suporte a uma varinha mágica para interação 3D. A Superfície Mágica suporta a execução de aplicativos, permitindo que uma superfície comum se transforme numa área interativa para desenho, num explorador de mapas, num simulador 3D para navegação em ambientes virtuais, entre outras possibilidades. As áreas de aplicação do sistema vão desde a educação até a arte interativa e o entretenimento. A instalação do protótipo envolve: um sensor Microsoft Kinect, um projetor de vídeo e um computador pessoal. / Ubiquitous computing is a concept where computing is thought to be omnipresent, effectively \"invisible\", so that humans and computers are brought together in a seamless way. The progress of hardware and software technologies make it compelling to investigate innovative possibilities of interaction with computers. In this work, we explore novel ways of interaction that are inspired by the acts of drawing, grasping and gesturing. In order to test them, we have developed new RGBD camera-based algorithms for object detection, classification and tracking. This allows the conception of an interactive installation that uses portable and low cost equipment. In order to evaluate the proposed ways of interaction, we have developed the Magic Surface, a system that transforms a regular surface (such as a wall or a tabletop) into a multitouch interactive space. The Magic Surface detects touch of hand fingers, colored pens and eraser. It also supports the usage of a magic wand for 3D interaction. The Magic Surface can run applications, allowing the transformation of a regular surface into an interactive drawing area, a map explorer, a 3D simulator for navigation in virtual environments, among other possibilities. Areas of application range from education to interactive art and entertainment. The setup of our prototype includes: a Microsoft Kinect sensor, a video projector and a personal computer.

Dans un contexte de mobilité ubiquitaire, des différents objets sont capables d'interagir avec les utilisateurs pour leurs fournir des services innovants et les aider à optimiser leurs plans de déplacement. En effet, le nombre des utilisateurs est ainsi que le nombre de fournisseurs de service demandés par ces utilisateurs sont en pleine augmentation. Cette croissance implique un aspect de concurrence et nécessite des choix optimisés. Dans ce cadre, l'objectif de cette thèse est de concevoir et optimiser un système d'aide au déplacement qui couvre non seulement les services de déplacement quotidien mais aussi les services touristiques, culturels et bien d'autres. Les travaux de recherche présentés dans ce manuscrit proposent la mise en place d'une Plateforme de Recherche et de composition des Services d'Aide à la Mobilité (PRoSAM) afin d'optimiser les tâches de recherche, composition et distribution des Informations de Mobilité Avancée (IMA). L'aspect dynamique et distribué du problème, nous a conduit à adopter une modélisation orientée agent afin de s'adapter aux conditions d'un environnement ubiquitaire. Grâce à une approche de changement dynamique des rôles des agents utilisateurs et un protocole de négociation innovant, les clients sont capables d'échanger les services d'une manière autonome et d’établir des accords totaux ou partiels en fonction de l'offre et de la demande. Finalement, les résultats de simulation présentés dans cette thèse démontrent l'efficacité des approches adoptées / In a context of ubiquitous mobility, different objects are able to interact with users to provide them with innovative services and help them optimize their travel plans. Indeed, the number of users and the number of service providers requested by these users are actively growing. This growth involves an aspect of competition and requires optimized choices. In this context, the aim of this thesis is to design and optimize a mobility aid system that covers not only transport services but also tourist services, cultural services and many others. The research presented in this thesis proposes the establishment of a Plateforme de Recherche et de composition des Services d'Aide à la Mobilité (PRoSAM) to optimize research, composition and distribution tasks of advanced mobility information. The dynamic and distributed aspects of the problem have led us to adopt an agent-oriented modeling approach to cope with the conditions of a ubiquitous environment. Thanks to a dynamic role switching strategy of user agents and an innovative negotiation protocol, customers are able to exchange services autonomously and to establish full or partial agreements in order to optimize communications over the network. Finally, the simulation results presented in this thesis demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches

Aplicações de captura e acesso (C&A) exploram o paradigma de computação ubíqua para dar apoio à captura automática de informação em experiências ao vivo e à correspondente geração de documentos passíveis de armazenamento, recuperação, visualização e extensão ao longo do tempo. Essas aplicações são potencialmente capazes de simplificar o processo de autoria de documentos multimídia visto que permitem a combinação e a sincronização automáticas de informação coletada por sistemas computacionais de uso pessoal e coletivo disseminados no ambiente. Aplicações de C&A também tornam possível a incorporação de sistemas de software que utilizem a capacidade computacional instalada para apoiar atividades humanas em andamento, promovendo novas formas de colaboração e de interação entre seus participantes e permitindo o registro dos acontecimentos, a geração de documentos que possibilitem sua reconstituição e o compartilhamento dos artefatos capturados. Este trabalho aborda de maneira conjunta diferentes aspectos envolvidos na captura automatizada de atividades humanas. Primeiramente, estende-se a visão tradicional com a sugestão da captura automatizada não apenas de mídias convencionais, mas do processo interativo do usuário como um todo, de modo a permitir a autoria e a personalização de conteúdo digital interativo e das anotações associadas. Ao mesmo tempo, são tratados aspectos colaborativos com o desenvolvimento e o uso de uma infra-estrutura distribuída de comunicação. Baseada em uma plataforma de computação peer-to-peer, os componentes e os serviços implementados suportam atividades de colaboração e compartilhamento de conteúdo entre os usuários. É feita experimentação das propostas com sua aplicação em cenários reais de ambientes de aprendizado, de computação móvel e de TV digital interativa / Capture and access (C&A) applications explore the ubiquitous computing paradigm to support the automated capture of information in live experiences and the corresponding generation of documents that can be stored, retrieved, visualized and extended along time. These applications are potentially capable of simplifying the authoring of multimedia documents by allowing the automatic combination and synchronization of information collected using personal and shared computational devices available in the environment. C&A applications also bring the opportunity for the incorporation of software systems that use such installed computational base to support on-going human activities, promoting new forms of collaboration and interaction among their users and enabling the recording of events, the generation of documents allowing their reconstitution and the sharing of the captured artifacts. This thesis addresses in a joint manner the different issues involved with the automated capture of human activities. First, the traditional vision is extended with the suggestion of automatically capturing not only conventional medias, but the general user interactive process as a whole, allowing the authoring and customization of interactive digital content and associated annotations. At the same time, collaborative aspects are treated with the development and use of a distributed communication infrastructure. Based on a peer-to-peer computing platform, the proposed components and services support collaborative activities and content sharing among users. The resulting systems and abstractions are experimented through their use in real scenarios comprising learning, mobile computing and interactive digital TV environments

L'Internet des Objets, dont la vision et les technologies provoquent la rencontre des mondes physique et numérique, amène aujourd'hui à la création de nouveaux types d'applications permettant d'interopérer les services du World Wide Web avec les produits du quotidien. Ces applications « orientées produit », capables de représenter, contrôler ou de compléter les fonctions d'artéfacts intégrant des capacités de traitement de l'information, remettent en cause les principes et conventions établies par les métiers de la conception. Elles préfigurent l'émergence de produits connectés à Internet, dont l'offre fonctionnelle peut être « augmentée » et modifiée au cours du temps, de manière à répondre aux besoins changeants des utilisateurs. Cette recherche, menée à l'intersection des sciences de la conception, de l'informatique ubiquitaire et des interactions homme-machine, vise à étudier les enjeux que suscitent ces applications lors la conception de produits. Elle met en exergue la nécessité d'établir un modèle descriptif des applications orientées produit facilitant leur figuration par les utilisateurs, ainsi que d'explorer les problèmes pragmatiques résultant de leur intégration dans les produits. Elle conduit également à l'élaboration et l'évaluation, par la pratique, de principes pour le design de la forme et des interactions des produits augmentés. Elle décrit plus particulièrement la ductilité de futurs produits, le nouveau rapport entre fonction, comportement et structure qu'ils établissent, et leurs possibles évolutions. Cette recherche contribue aux travaux sur l'Internet des Objets en proposant un nouveau cadre de discussion, et en offrant aux chercheurs et aux praticiens des outils qui peuvent être employés durant le processus de conception. / The Internet of Things, whose underlying vision and technologies aim at bridging the physical and digital worlds together, lead to the creation of new types of applications coupling Web services with everyday products. Such product-oriented applications, which enable the functional exposition, control or enhancement of artifacts that embed information processing capabilities, question the established design principles and conventions. They open up the possibility for Internet-enabled products, whose functions can be “augmented” and adapted to better support users' changing needs, to be designed. This research, which is at the intersection of Design Science, Ubiquitous Computing and Human-Computer Interactions, aims at studying the impact brought about by applications on product design. It highlights the need to build an application model that facilitates their representation by users, and to explore the pragmatic issues rose by their integration into products. It leads to the definition and evaluation, through practice, of principles for the design of augmented products' form and interactions. It describes the ductility of future products, the novel coupling between functions, behavior and structure they implement and their potential evolutions. This work contributes to the Internet of Things research by reframing the discussion and by providing researchers and practitioners with tools that can be leveraged during the design process.

Le déploiement de logiciels répartis dans des environnements à grande échelle et ouverts (tels les systèmes ubiquitaires, les systèmes mobiles et les systèmes P2P) est une problématique actuelle ouverte. Ces environnements sont distribués, hétérogènes et peuvent être de nature instable (dotés d’une topologie dynamique du réseau). Le déploiement dans ces environnements met en jeu un très grand nombre de machines, de liens réseau ainsi qu’un ensemble de contraintes de déploiement. Quelques solutions de déploiement existent aujourd’hui, mais ne sont exploitables que dans le cadre d’architectures figées et fiables. Dans la plupart des solutions, une personne en charge du déploiement doit décrire plus ou moins manuellement la topologie. En outre, la majorité de ces outils ne prennent pas en compte les problèmes dûs à la variabilité de la qualité de service du réseau, aux pannes des hôtes, aux défaillances des liens du réseau ou encore aux changements dynamiques de topologie, qui caractérisent les environnements ouverts. Dans ce mémoire, nous présentons les motivations de la réalisation d'une infrastructure de déploiement logiciel autonomique et les exigences sous-jacentes d'une telle plate-forme. Nous présentons un état de l’art du déploiement logiciel que nous analysons au regard du contexte visé. Ensuite, nous présentons notre contribution pour le déploiement autonomique. Notre proposition s'appuie sur une combinaison de technologies (composants logiciels, agents mobiles adaptables, intergiciel, langage dédié). Nous proposons j-ASD, un intergiciel qui exploite la complémentarité de ces technologies pour réaliser un déploiement logiciel autonomique. Le processus de déploiement contient trois étapes : description des contraintes de déploiement, résolution, et déploiement autonomique. Pour la première étape, nous avons défini un langage dédié (DSL) comme langage de haut niveau pour exprimer des contraintes de déploiement. Pour la deuxième, nous avons conçu une infrastructure répartie pour collecter les propriétés des sites cibles, ce qui permet de résoudre les contraintes de déploiement. Pour la troisième étape, nous proposons un intergiciel à base d’agents mobiles pour la réalisation et la supervision du déploiement autonomique. Enfin, nous donnons les éléments de conception du prototype que nous avons implémenté, ainsi que les résultats de certaines expérimentations pour montrer la validité de notre approche / Software deployment in large-scale and open distributed systems (such as ubiquitous systems, mobile systems and P2P systems) is still an open issue. These environments are distributed, heterogeneous and can be naturally unstable (fitted with a dynamic network topology). Deployment in such environments require the management of a large number of hosts, network links and deployment constraints. Existing distributed deployment solutions are usable only within static and reliable topologies of hosts, where a man in charge of the deployment has to describe more or less manually the topology. Moreover, majority of these tools do not take into account network and computer QoS variabilities, hosts crashes, network link failures and network topology changes, which characterize open and mobile environments. In this thesis, we discuss the motivations for an autonomic software deployment and the requirements underlying for such a platform. We carefully study and compare the existing work about software deployment. Then, we propose a middleware framework, designed to reduce the human cost for setting up software deployment and to deal with failure-prone and change-prone environments. We also propose an autonomic deployment process in three steps : deployment constraints description step, constraints resolution step and the autonomic deployment step. For the first step, we defined a high-level constraint-based dedicated language (DSL) as support for expressing deployment constraints. In the second step, we have designed a distributed infrastructure to collect target hosts properties used to solve deployment constraints. For the third step, we propose an agent-based system for establishing and maintaining software deployment. At last, we give an overview of our working prototype with some details on some experimental results

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-06-15T15:02:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristofe Coelho Lopes da Rocha_.pdf: 1206259 bytes, checksum: 92abbbebe733f12b9fba88483243b093 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-15T15:02:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristofe Coelho Lopes da Rocha_.pdf: 1206259 bytes, checksum: 92abbbebe733f12b9fba88483243b093 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / IFRR - Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Roraima / Pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca e sem acompanhamento médico diário podem ter os sinais fisiológicos do coração comprometidos, causando graves problemas à saúde. Esse cenário recorrente diminui a qualidade de vida do paciente resultando em readmissões hospitalares, onerando assim o sistema de saúde. Considera-se que o emprego de cuidados ubíquos, usando sensores e wearables, pode melhorar esse processo, reduzindo sensivelmente o número de readmissões em sistemas de saúde. Nesse âmbito, esse trabalho propõe o modelo UbHeart, que emprega ciência da situação para identificar possíveis problemas cardíacos. Como contribuição científica o modelo provê o monitoramento da evolução da degradação dos sinais vitais do coração do paciente, por meio da detecção de possíveis situações de complicação cardíaca. A avaliação foi realizada por meio de um cenário prático com uso de um aplicativo móvel e um conjunto de 100 dados fisiológicos agrupados em cinco intervalos para a análise de dois pacientes de 72 e 23 anos. Os resultados foram positivos quanto à aplicação do modelo UbHeart, que possibilitou a compreensão da situação de forma distinta. Foram encontrados valores de 80% de grau envolvimento dos dois pacientes em relação ao risco quando considerado a média dos sinais fisiológicos no intervalo, e de 50% e 20% para os pacientes idoso e jovem, respectivamente, quando considerado a tendência lógica dos sinais fisiológicos no intervalo. / Patient with heart failure and without daily monitoring may have heart vital signals comitted becaming inevitable their hospitalization. This recurrent scene decreases the patient's life quality, resulting in hospital readmissions generating costs to health of system. The use of ubiquitous care, using sensors and wearables, can automate this process reducing the number of hospital admissions. In this context, we are proposing a model named Ubheart, which employs situation awareness to identify possible heart problems. As a scientific contribution the proposed model monitors the possible degradation of patient's heart vital signs, using the detection of situations of cardiac complications. The evaluation was performed by means of a practical scenario with use of a mobile application and a set of physiological data 100 grouped into five intervals for analysis two patients 72 and 23 years. The results were positive and the application of UbHeart model that allowed us to understand the situation differently. They found values of 80% degree of engagement of the two patients compared to the risk when considering the average of the physiological signals in range and 50% and 20% for elderly and young patients, respectively, when considered logical tendency of physiological signals in interval.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-07-14T12:32:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 George Almeida De Oliveira_.pdf: 1203626 bytes, checksum: 54258ab2dd96b3f2309b53d61fd0ce0f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-14T12:32:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 George Almeida De Oliveira_.pdf: 1203626 bytes, checksum: 54258ab2dd96b3f2309b53d61fd0ce0f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-21 / Nenhuma / Com a popularização no mercado de consumo de wearables, ou dispositivos vestíveis, a computação móvel e ubíqua vem se tornando presente em diversas áreas como educação, comércio e entretenimento. Na área da saúde estes dispositivos têm um importante papel, pois contam com sensores para captura de sinais fisiológicos, como por exemplo, medir a temperatura corporal e batimentos cardíacos do usuário. Em muitos casos não há qualquer padronização ou comunicação entre os diferentes sistemas de cuidados ubíquos que administram os dados fisiológicos do usuário. Esse trabalho apresenta uma proposta para gerenciamento de históricos de contextos fisiológicos através de um modelo denominado GECONFI. O modelo suporta a coleta de dados através de aplicações que utilizam dispositivos e sensores de monitoramento, também define uma ontologia para o domínio de contextos fisiológicos. Esse trabalho apresenta o uso de três aplicações integradas ao GECONFI que permitiram avaliar e testar os serviços disponibilizados pelo modelo. A primeira aplicação chamada SiCuide foi aplicada com treze pacientes e um enfermeiro, que apresentaram pareceres positivos em relação a sua utilidade para o monitoramento fisiológico dos usuários. Os outros dois sistemas denominados FitBurn e Heart-Control foram aplicados em um cenário baseado em sensibilidade a contexto permitindo o acesso compartilhado de uma mesma trilha. Os resultados obtidos mostraram a viabilidade para que outros sistemas realizem a administração de históricos contextuais de maneira genérica através do modelo proposto. / With the popularization in wearables market, or wearable devices, the mobile and ubiquitous computing is becoming present in areas such as education, commerce and entertainment. In healthcare these devices have an important role, as have sensors for capturing physiological signals, such as measuring the body temperature and heart rate of the user. In many cases there´s no standardization or communication between different Ubiquitous care systems that manage the physiological user data. This work presents a proposal for historical contexts of physiological management through a model called GECONFI. The model supports data collection through applications that use devices and monitoring sensors, defines an ontology for the domain of physiological contexts. This work presents the use of three integrated applications to GECONFI, that allowed evaluate and test the services provided by the model. The first application called SiCuide was applied with thirteen patients and a nurse, who showed positive opinions regarding its usefulness for physiological monitoring of users. The other two systems called FitBurn and Heart-Control were applied in a scenario based on sensitivity to context allowing shared access to the same track. The results showed the feasibility for other systems to perform the administration of contextual historical generically through the proposed model.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2017-04-19T16:13:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 William Hart Oliveira_.pdf: 1603577 bytes, checksum: 0fec245f4abb48747a3fd395b8984212 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-19T16:13:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 William Hart Oliveira_.pdf: 1603577 bytes, checksum: 0fec245f4abb48747a3fd395b8984212 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-19 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / PROSUP - Programa de Suporte à Pós-Gradução de Instituições de Ensino Particulares / A computação móvel pode ser definida como informação na ponta dos dedos a qualquer hora, em qualquer lugar e avança como uma realidade nas tarefas e atividades das pessoas, em decorrência da popularização e diversificação de dispositivos móveis e redes sem fio. Faz-se importante então, desenvolver modelos que permitam não somente compartilhar dados clínicos, mas sim aumentar a longevidade dos dados, melhorar a sua qualidade, tornar os dados independentes da tecnologia usada e cientes de contexto. Neste cenário, o presente trabalho, denominado PEPContextual, consiste em um modelo que faz uso da ciência da situação (situation awareness), explorando informações relacionad as com o ambiente ou com os próprios usuários e onde diversos tipos de contextos são aglomerados de forma a gerar uma visualização mais rica, complexa e inteligente, criando inúmeras possibilidades, dentre elas, a inferência de riscos associados ao paciente. A contribuição principal deste trabalho está relacionada na identificação da dados de PHR do paciente e do uso da ciência da situação a fim de que seja possível realizar inferências de sintomas e possíveis diagnósticos. O modelo foi avaliado de duas formas: A primeira avaliação por estudo de caso confirmou a expectativa de que a aplicação de ciência de situação, baseada no modelo de Endsley, possibilitaria que o modelo de forma ubíqua detectasse riscos associados ao paciente; A segunda avaliação contemplou a usabilidade do modelo, como facilidade de uso e utilidade onde a maioria dos utilizadores considerou que as informações inferidas podem auxiliar diariamente em tratamentos. / Ubuiquitous computing can be defined as information at anytime, anywhere and its grows as a reality on people‘s activities and daily tasks through the diversification and popularization of mobile devices and networks. So, it‘s important create models that allow not only share clinical data, but increase its quality, making it indifferent to technology and context aware. In this case, the present paper, called PEPContextual, is about a model that makes use of situation awareness, exploring environment related information and/or its own users, where several types of contexts are combined looking a richer, complex and smart visualization, creating several possibilities and, among that, the inferrence of associated risks to patients. The main contribution of this paper is related to make use of PHR data and situation awareness in order to inferrence symptoms and some diagnoses. The model was evaluated by two distinct ways: The first evaluation by case study has confirmed the proposal that situation awareness, based on Endsley model, makes possible that the model is capable to find associated risks through ubiquity; The second evaluation measured the usability of the model, as the ease of use and utility where most of users had considered that inferrence information can help on daily treatments.

In the future world of ubiquitous computing, wireless devices will be everywhere. Personal area networks (PANs), networks that facilitate communications between devices within a short range, will be used to send and receive data and commands that fulfill an individual’s needs. This research determines the future prospects of PANs by examining success criteria, application areas and barrierschallenges. An initial set of issues in each of these three areas is identified from the literature. The Delphi Method is used to determine what experts believe what are the most important success criteria, application areas and barrierschallenges. Critical success factors that will determine the future of personal area networks include reliability of connections, interoperability, and usability. Key application areas include monitoring, healthcare, and smart things. Important barriers and challenges facing the deployment of PAN are security, interference and coexistence, and regulation and standards.

The future Internet will need to cater for an increasing number of powerful devices and entire groups of networks to roam in heterogeneous access networks. The current approach towards meeting such requirements, which is to retrofit mobility solutions to different layers of the protocol stack, has given rise to an increasingly fragmented network control layer. Furthermore, retrofitting solutions in an ad-hoc manner to the protocol stack does not provide consistent support from the network to different applications. This lack of a common control layer for facilitating roaming in heterogeneous networking environments represents a crucial challenge both technically and from a user perspective. To this end, a novel mobility architecture forms the basis and the first part of this dissertation. The work on investigating current network mobility solutions and improving these solutions if deemed necessary, in order to reuse within the novel mobility architecture constitutes the second part of this dissertation. The IETF standard protocol for network mobility was implemented and its performance was analysed on a real networking environment. This enabled to identify problems in the standard which affect the handover and routing performance. To address the identified routing and protocol header overheads of the standard network mobility protocol a novel optimal routing framework, OptiNets was proposed. To address the handover latency issues, optimizations to IPv6 network attachment were incorporated and also an access technology independent multiple interface Make-Before-Break handover mechanism was proposed. The viability of the OptiNets framework and the handover optimizations were demonstrated by analysis and by implementation. A more general external factor that affects the performance of mobile networks which is bandwidth scarcity of Wireless Wide Area Networks was addressed, by proposing a bandwidth fuelling architecture for on-board mobile networks. The feasibility of the bandwidth fuelling architecture was analysed by implementing a prototype and evaluating its performance.