The U.S. Department of Defense employs both uniformed military personnel and non-uniformed civilian employees as information sources. The objectives of this study was to determine whether students, acting in the role of journalists, attributed greater credibility to uniformed or non-uniformed spokespersons and whether a difference in attribution could be measured when the topic being briefed was more specifically related to the military mission.Seventy undergraduate journalism students were randomly assigned to four groups and exposed to one of four videotaped press briefings. Two briefings announced the outbreak of hostilities involving U.S. forces or award of a major construction contract. Each of the announcements was delivered by a uniformed military public affairs officer or by a spokesperson in civilian business suit.Following the briefings, students evaluated the source using semantic differentials first developed by Berlo, Lemert and Mertz (1969) and prepared questions exactly as they would ask them following the spokesperson's prepared statement. The semantic differentials were analyzed using ANOVA. The follow-on questions were coded using methodology similar to that used by Einsiedel (1974) and evaluated using the "Coefficient of Imbalance" proposed by Janis and Fadner (1949). This second method was employed to determine whether data obtained and analyzed using the Coefficient of Imbalance would validate results obtained through the use of more traditional semantic differentials.Neither method resulted in findings which would suggest a statistically significant difference in the credibility attributed to the defense source by the student-journalists in any of the four treatments. / Department of Journalism

Thesis (M. Tech. (Fashion, Dept. of Visual Arts and Design)--Vaal University of Technology. / This study was contracted by the African Warrior Project of the South African National Defence Force (SAND F), which focuses on the needs of the future soldier. Fit problems cause the wearers of these combat trousers physical discomfort during routine physical training as the trousers restrict movement. The goals of the study were to investigate problems experienced by the male soldiers regarding the fit of the combat trousers, and to make recommendations regarding possible fit solutions. The objectives of this study were to determine the nature of the fit complaints in terms of the wearer characteristics and activities related to aesthetic and functional aspects; to analyse the design of the combat trousers in terms of size, key dimensions, proportion, balance and ease to determine the source of the fit the problems; and to analyse the f1t of the combat trousers against the subjective fit preferences of the wearers, and objective fit opinions of an expert. The target population of the study was the male SANDF members in the target age group of the African Warrior Project, namely 18 to 35 years. The first sample group consisted of 60 SANDF members between the ages of 24 to 45 years. The second sample of 24 subjects was selected from the first sample group, using height and body shape as parameters. The methods included biographic profiling, focus group interviews, one-to-one interviews, motor tests, body and garment measuring, photographs, somatographs and pattern analysis. The findings indicate the possibility of an inadequate garment design in relation to specific wearer characteristics such as ethnicity and body shape. The complicated size designation system used, compounded by the waist as the only key dimension provided, contributed to the distribution of the incorrectly sized combat trousers to the wearers. Analysis of the design indicated that it does not adequately accommodate the body characteristics and fit preferences of the subjects, to ensure optimum functionality as well as an acceptable aesthetic appearance. These problems need to be addressed. / ERGOTECH; VUT

Não consta resumo na publicação. / Abstract not available.

A indústria de confecção de vestuário transforma um tecido bidimensional em um artigo tridimensional. Embora existam vários métodos para unir as partes de um artigo de vestuário, a costura com linhas é o método mais utilizado. A costura é quem fornece resistência à peça, e nesse sentido, perde sua funcionalidade se por acaso romper os fios do tecido, ou ainda, se houver rompimento da linha, ou outro problema como esgarçamento, deslizamento do tecido ou da costura. A qualidade de uma costura é definida pelos seus desempenhos funcionais e estéticos. A norma ABNT NBR 9925:2009 estabelece as condições do ensaio que indica se a costura tem tendência a abrir-se mediante a aplicação de uma força; também aponta os tipos de agulhas, linhas e fios, e ainda indica a densidade de pontos e máquinas adequadas para a confecção dos corpos de prova que serão ensaiados. O objetivo deste trabalho é utilizar o planejamento de experimentos para estudar a possibilidade de ampliar dos valores de densidade de pontos por centímetro e espessuras das agulhas, propostos pela referida norma ABNT NBR 9925:2009 para verificar a costurabilidade de uniformes escolares. Foram selecionados no mercado três tecidos normalmente utilizados na confecção desses artigos; e em seguida, realizados os ensaios físicos de gramatura, determinação da densidade de pontos por centímetro e determinação do esgarçamento de uma costura padrão. O modelo estatístico escolhido foi o planejamento aleatorizado por níveis; e para a análise dos resultados foram utilizados a ANOVA (análise de variância), com intervalo de confiança de 95%, e o box plot. Os resultados obtidos indicam a viabilidade do uso do estudo proposto para a seleção da densidade de pontos e tipo de agulhas em função da aplicação do produto final. / The industry of making clothing becomes a two-dimensional fabric in a three-dimensional article. Although there are several methods to connect the parts of an article of clothing, the seam with lines is the most used method. The sewing is who provides resistance to the part and, in this sense, the seam loses its functionality if by chance breaking the wires of the tissue, or even if there is no line rupture, or another problem such as fraying, slip the fabric or sewing. The quality of a seam is defined by its functional performance and aesthetic. The ABNT NBR 9925:2009 establishes the conditions for the test that indicates if the seam has a tendency to open up through the application of a force and also indicates the types of needles, lines, wires, dot density and suitable machines for the manufacture of bodies of evidence to be tested. The objective of this work is to use the planning of experiments to study the possibility of expanding the density values of points per centimeter and thicknesses of needles, proposed by ABNT NBR 9925:2009 for the verification of sewability school uniforms. They were selected on the market three tissues normally used in the manufacture of these articles and the tests of physical weight, determination of the density of dots per centimeter and determination of the fraying of a sewing pattern. The statistical model chosen was the randomised trial planning by levels and for the analysis of the results were used for the ANOVA (Analysis of variance), with 95% confidence interval, and the box plot. The results indicate the feasibility of the use of the proposed study to selecting the density of stitches and needle type depending on the application of the final product.

Schools that implement a school uniform policy are on the rise (Musu-Gillette, Zhang, Wang, Zhang & Oudekerk, 2017). About 74% of these schools have a high population of low socioeconomic status students (Musu-Gillette et al., 2017) with about 75% or more qualifying for free or reduced lunch. The purpose of this study was to examine any relationships between students' perceptions of the effects of school uniforms and student socioeconomic status. In a charter school, a survey was completed by students to gather perception information and a separate survey by parents to gather socioeconomic status information. Hypotheses were tested using descriptive statistics and multiple regression models. Data were gathered from 184 students in grades 3 through 8. Examining individual survey items revealed older students were more likely to report that school uniforms help to reduce bullying and teasing. Another statistically significant difference was that some students of high socioeconomic status reported that uniforms help reduce arguments with parents about clothing (t(182) = 2.66, p<.01). Student responses on 10 survey items were grouped into one factor called School Climate, reflecting student perceptions on how uniforms affect the school's climate. Analyses revealed no significant relationships between the School Climate factor and socioeconomic status. However, Hispanic students reported a significantly more positive response overall than non-Hispanic students. These findings suggest students of various socioeconomic status perceive school uniforms similarly, but older students could be more likely to associate uniforms with a reduction in bullying. More research needs to be done in charter schools as little research has been done on school uniforms in charter schools, and among Hispanic students because the participation of Hispanic students was relatively low.

No description available.

The one-dimensional distribution of pseudo-random numbers generated by the ratio of uniforms methods using linear congruential generators (LCGs) as the source of uniform random numbers is investigated in this paper. Due to the two-dimensional lattice structure of LCGs there is always a comparable large gap without a point in the one-dimensional distribution of any ratio of uniforms method. Lower bounds for these probabilities only depending on the modulus and the Beyer quotient of the LCG are proved for the case that the Cauchy the normal or the exponential distribution are generated. These bounds justify the recommendation not to use the ratio of uniforms method combined with LCGs. (author's abstract) / Series: Preprint Series / Department of Applied Statistics and Data Processing

In my critical discourse analysis of The Intown Academy's (TIA) various documents and media—including the school's charter petition, charter, Parent-Student Handbook, and website—I articulate the school's subjectifying narratives and analyze how these narratives function to (re)produce particular subjects according to tropes of threat/crisis, opportunity, corporate/non-profit benevolence, and personal responsibility. Identifying these subjects, I analyze how they are effected/affected by the practice of education at TIA. To this end, I examine the various practices of school discipline codified in the Parent and Student Contracts in TIA's 2012-2013 Parent Student Handbook, including mandates for the wearing of school uniforms, volunteer labor, and reorientations of the family and the private space of the home. I conclude that TIA discursively produces indebted subjects whose educational and economic survival depends on the reorientation of their lives in service to the school.

A presente Tese de Doutorado em Educação intitulada “Com que roupa eu vou? Embelezamento e Consumo na Composição dos Uniformes Escolares Infantis”, desenvolvida na Linha de Pesquisa Educação, Sexualidade e Relações de Gênero do PPGEDU da FACED/UFRGS teve como primordial foco de estudos pesquisar a produção das identidades de gênero femininas infantis escolarizadas marcadas pelo processo de pedofilização como prática social contemporânea. O estudo empreendido buscou responder em sua narrativa, mesmo que provisoriamente, a seguinte questão: de que forma as práticas de uniformização escolar infantil interferem no modo como as meninas investem, em seus corpos, padrões estéticos e corporais de embelezamento e consumo tão difundidos em nossa sociedade e propagados pela escola na constituição de suas identidades de gênero? Tendo como referenciais teórico-metodológicos os Estudos de Gênero e os Estudos Culturais em Educação, foram desenvolvidas entrevistas semiestruturadas com crianças e com profissionais da escola em questão, no intuito de coletar dados acerca do problema pesquisado. Desenvolvi, também, observações em momentos livres das crianças na escola num período aproximado de seis meses, registrados num caderno de anotações, com o intuito de problematizar, discutir e investigar o problema de pesquisa apontado. O estudo suscitou a compreensão de que as práticas de composição em torno dos uniformes escolares infantis, glamourosamente produzidas pela escola e propagadas pelas crianças estabelecem uma consistente relação entre consumo e embelezamento dos corpos, demarcando dois processos recorrentes em tais práticas: pertencimento e erotização autorizada. Em tal prática escolar foi possível também perceber a demarcação de discursos e representações sociais e culturais contemporâneos da importância do maciço investimento, desde a infância, nos corpos, na imagem e na aparência, reforçando a adesão das meninas na produção/composição de suas identidades de gênero. / The present doctoral thesis in Education entitled "What clothes should I wear? Beautification and Composition of Consumption in Children’s School Uniforms", following the research line in Education, Sexuality and Gender Relations (PPGEDU) at the College of Education (FACED) at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) focuses on the production of the female child’s gender identities in school, which are characterized by the process of pedophilization as a contemporary social practice. The study aims to answer the following question, although temporarily: How can the use of school uniforms interfere in the way the girls are investing in their bodies, the aesthetic and body patterns of beautification and consumption, which are strongly publicized in our society and spread in the school formation of their gender identities? Based on the Gender Studies and Cultural Studies in Education as theoreticalmethodological referential, some semi-structured interviews were carried out with the children and the school staff in order to collect data. Written observations were also made during the children’s free moments at school over a period of approximately six months. The study raised the understanding that the practices of composition concerning schoolchildren uniforms, glamorously produced and promoted by the children themselves, establish a consistent relationship between consumption and body beautification, reinforcing two recurring processes in such practices: belonging and authorized eroticization. In this school practice it was also possible to realize the reinforcement of discourses and the contemporary cultural ad social representations in the importance of the massive investment, since childhood, in the bodies, the image and the appearance, reinforcing the adhesion of girls in the production/composition of their gender identities.

A presente Tese de Doutorado em Educação intitulada “Com que roupa eu vou? Embelezamento e Consumo na Composição dos Uniformes Escolares Infantis”, desenvolvida na Linha de Pesquisa Educação, Sexualidade e Relações de Gênero do PPGEDU da FACED/UFRGS teve como primordial foco de estudos pesquisar a produção das identidades de gênero femininas infantis escolarizadas marcadas pelo processo de pedofilização como prática social contemporânea. O estudo empreendido buscou responder em sua narrativa, mesmo que provisoriamente, a seguinte questão: de que forma as práticas de uniformização escolar infantil interferem no modo como as meninas investem, em seus corpos, padrões estéticos e corporais de embelezamento e consumo tão difundidos em nossa sociedade e propagados pela escola na constituição de suas identidades de gênero? Tendo como referenciais teórico-metodológicos os Estudos de Gênero e os Estudos Culturais em Educação, foram desenvolvidas entrevistas semiestruturadas com crianças e com profissionais da escola em questão, no intuito de coletar dados acerca do problema pesquisado. Desenvolvi, também, observações em momentos livres das crianças na escola num período aproximado de seis meses, registrados num caderno de anotações, com o intuito de problematizar, discutir e investigar o problema de pesquisa apontado. O estudo suscitou a compreensão de que as práticas de composição em torno dos uniformes escolares infantis, glamourosamente produzidas pela escola e propagadas pelas crianças estabelecem uma consistente relação entre consumo e embelezamento dos corpos, demarcando dois processos recorrentes em tais práticas: pertencimento e erotização autorizada. Em tal prática escolar foi possível também perceber a demarcação de discursos e representações sociais e culturais contemporâneos da importância do maciço investimento, desde a infância, nos corpos, na imagem e na aparência, reforçando a adesão das meninas na produção/composição de suas identidades de gênero. / The present doctoral thesis in Education entitled "What clothes should I wear? Beautification and Composition of Consumption in Children’s School Uniforms", following the research line in Education, Sexuality and Gender Relations (PPGEDU) at the College of Education (FACED) at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) focuses on the production of the female child’s gender identities in school, which are characterized by the process of pedophilization as a contemporary social practice. The study aims to answer the following question, although temporarily: How can the use of school uniforms interfere in the way the girls are investing in their bodies, the aesthetic and body patterns of beautification and consumption, which are strongly publicized in our society and spread in the school formation of their gender identities? Based on the Gender Studies and Cultural Studies in Education as theoreticalmethodological referential, some semi-structured interviews were carried out with the children and the school staff in order to collect data. Written observations were also made during the children’s free moments at school over a period of approximately six months. The study raised the understanding that the practices of composition concerning schoolchildren uniforms, glamorously produced and promoted by the children themselves, establish a consistent relationship between consumption and body beautification, reinforcing two recurring processes in such practices: belonging and authorized eroticization. In this school practice it was also possible to realize the reinforcement of discourses and the contemporary cultural ad social representations in the importance of the massive investment, since childhood, in the bodies, the image and the appearance, reinforcing the adhesion of girls in the production/composition of their gender identities.