<p>The purpose of this thesis is to study the establishment process of Swedish companies with sales in China, but who did not begun their establishment with sales. This thesis has examined H&M, Nordic Light and Fagerhult; three Swedish companies that recently started selling on the Chinese market, to see how their establishment chain differs from those suggested by the dominant internationalisation theories, Uppsala Internationalisation Model and the Export Behaviour Model. To study this alternative establishment chain, this thesis has interviewed representatives from each company. The results show that the firms have entered China primarily for sourcing reasons and then at a later stage set up a sales organisation thereby differing from the Uppsala Internationalisation Model’s Establishment Chain. This thesis’s establishment chain of the researched companies in China show that they have started with purchasing, then moved on to production for export, and then finally to sales.</p>

<p>Purpose/Aim: This essay seeks to describe in what way different newspapers framed Uppsala Reggaefestival, which is a music festival in Uppsala, Sweden. Not only the local press, but also the framing by national press will be analyzed. Furthermore, it seeks to discuss what causes different frames.</p><p>Material/Method: The material consist of 96 articles from 4 different newspapers which are being analyzed through a quantitative content analysis method inspired by Melin and Lange, and their ideas of identifying the main message of a text. The media framing of Uppsala Reggaefestival are compared to another similar music festival in Sweden, Arvikafestivalen. By using theories about media framing and media logic the results can, if not explained, at least be discussed.</p><p>Main results: The study shows that Uppsala Reggaefestival is framed in a way that is focused on the problems within the festival, for example drug abuse. Compared to Arvikafestivalen, especially in the national press the difference is great. The cause of the difference requires further studies, but according to the theory of media logic the content in a media company should be viewed as a result of the company needs and not as a mirror of reality. The way media content is presented can according to the framing theory be a result of existing frames within media, which can be caused by prevailing ideologies and views in society.</p>

<p>Purpose of the essay: The purpose of the essay is to, from the view of the nurses working at the x-ray infirmary; see how the internal e-mail communication is working as the main digital communication method at the x-ray infirmary.</p><p>Material/Method: The material has been collected using qualitative interviews with eight nurses working at the x-ray infirmary. The material has then been analyzed through a theoretical perspective based on The Media Richness theory.</p><p>Main results: The results of the investigation have shown that the nurses see the internal e-mail communication as relatively poor. The information that is sent out by their superiors is often too extensive, this making the screening work an extra work burden. These e-mails are also supplied to the whole infirmary instead of being addressed to specific individuals. Seen through a media richness perspective, the e-mail is a mediumrich communication medium that well could be used in the everyday communication at the infirmary as the main communication agent. The problem is how the superiors design the information that they send out. The mid-rich medium that is e-mail gives the infirmary an information uncertainty that is not dealt with.</p>

<p>The purpose of this Masters thesis is to examine the representation of student life in Uppsala in the 1860s and 1870s in memoirs. This purpose is achieved by contextualising the memoirs in two different analyses. In the first, the representation of student life in the memoirs is compared to that in another literary genre, the university novel, and it is found that the two representational forms paint completely contradictory pictures, where in the novels the higher education is depicted as rotten and in dire need of reformation, whereas in the memoirs the system, albeit somewhat flawed, works. The memoirs and the novels thus seem to be competing systems of representation, created in different discourses, wherein the purpose and nature of higher education widely differed. In the second analysis, the examination of the memoirs is based on research concerning the nation building process in Sweden during the 19th century. The representation of student life in the memoirs fits well into this process, the stories of carnivals, of the drill of the special student militia and, especially, of the abundant student male choir singing, creates a picture of students as a defined societal group with a special political agenda. This place in society is idealized, the male choir singers are, for example, depicted as an avant-garde of national consciousness, and depicted as mainly harmonious</p>

<p>Denna utredning handlar om hur Länsförsäkringar Uppsalas hemsida fungerar i mötet med kunder. Syftet är att klarlägga om, och i så fall hur, Länsförsäkringar Uppsala kan förbättra sin hemsida för att öka kundnöjdheten i mötet med sina försäkringskunder. Vår empiri utgår från personliga intervjuer med anställda vid företagets Internetgrupp, ett antal webbdesigners på externa företag samt ett urval kunder som köpt försäkring hos Länsförsäkringar Uppsala. Denna information har analyserats utifrån en studiespecifik modell, vilken bygger på teorier om försäkringsbranschen, kundnöjdhet och webbdesign. Utredningen pekar på att Länsförsäkringar Uppsala redan har en väl fungerande hemsida men att sidan genom förenklingar kan attrahera nya kunder samt öka kundnöjdheten hos de befintliga.</p>

Bakgrund: Det sista steget i Uppsala-skolans etableringskedja innebär att företagen flyttar betydande delar av verksamheten utomlands, men är det verkligen det sista steget? Sedan en tid tillbaka har alltfler företag valt att regionalisera sin internationella verksamhet, vilket innebär att olika nationella verksamheter samordnas och att en regional organisation skapas över nationsgränserna. Hur tar sig en regionalisering i uttryck och kan regionalisering ses som ett nytt steg i företags internationaliseringsprocess? S yfte: Utifrån en studie av företags regionalisering syftar uppsatsen till att bidra med kunskap om företags internationalisering genom att undersöka om regionalisering är ett nytt steg i företags internationaliseringsprocess. Genomförande: För att kunna uppfylla vårt syfte har vi genomfört 12 stycken intervjuer med representanter på åtta multinationella företag som har en regionaliserad Nordenverksamhet. Resultat: Utifrån våra teoretiskt förankrade kriterier för regionalisering har vi kunnat konstatera att samtliga fallföretag kan karaktäriseras som regionaliserade då de; har en geografisk samordning över nationsgränserna genom integration av ländernas verksamhetsområden, har ett gemensamt huvudkontor med en övergripande regionledning, tillämpar både en global och lokal internationaliseringsstrategi, tar vara på kompetenser inom regionen, effektiviserar och rationaliserar sin regionala verksamhet genom att ta hänsyn till var olika verksamhetsfunktioner skall skötas. Vidare har vi kommit fram till att regionalisering kan ses som ett nytt steg i Uppsala-skolans etableringsprocess med utgångspunkt i våra uppsatta kriterier för ett nytt steg. Vi anser således att en regionalisering bidrar med tillräckligt omfattande förändringar av organisationsstrukturen för att det skall kunna klassificeras som ett nytt steg i företags internationaliseringsprocess.

The pressures of increased foreign competition can persuade a company to expand its business into international markets. In most cases, the motive is a search for improved cost efficiency or looking for the chance to expand and achieve growth. Swedish firms often develop their international operations in small steps rather than by making large foreign production investments at single points in time. Typically firms start exporting to a country via an agent, later establish a sales subsidiary, and eventually, in some cases, begin production in the host country. Such process was called Uppsala Model or Internationalisation Stage Model. The aim of this thesis is to investigate whether Uppsala Internationalisation Model apply to transition market such as Poland. The year 1989 was an important turning point in the history of the Polish economy. After a long period of isolation to the Western world, Poland opened its boarders not only for visitors and tourists, but also for foreign companies. Many of them have invested in production in Poland during the transition period. One of the Swedish investors present in Poland almost from the beginning of the transition process is Scania. Scania holds fourth position in the world in manufacturing trucks and buses, and the second place in Europe in sales of heavy trucks. Poland as a transition market attracted Scania for many different reasons such as market size, geographical location and future growth perspectives. Company's activities confirmed the assumption that Internationalisation Stage Model can be applied to transition country and can explain MNE's initial steps in the unknown environment.

Background: The Uppsala and Network Models of Internationalization belong to the Nordic School and were created based on Swedish companies. Is that possible to apply these models to a Brazilian context? Brazilian companies are becoming more international and expanding to foreign markets, and this study is going to exam if the Nordic schools models can be used to explain the internationalization process of a Brazilian company. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to exam if the proposition, that states that the Uppsala and the Network Models combined can explain the internationalization process of a Brazilian company, is correct. Method: To collect material for this thesis an interview with the case company was done and also secondary data was used from the company. Results: It is possible to state that the combination of the two models is able to explain the internationalization process of the studies Brazilian company. It is also possible to state that where the Uppsala Models lacks explanation value, the Network Model can be applied.

Background: In recent years globalisation has become the recipe for companies to enter foreign market in order to increase sales. Today internationalisation strategy is not limited to large firms as small and medium size firms have taken the challenge to explore international market in order to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. In this thesis, I and my co-author intend to investigate the internationalisation process of two Swedish firms, Vaderstad AB and ContextVision AB. Purpose: Our aim is to develop a model to provide a solid explanation of today’s Internationalization process. The model will be generated on the basis of studying three models, and the two Swedish firms’ Internationalization process. The model will also be inspired by Luostarinen&amp;Welch (1988 in Kosonen, 1991) dimensions of internationalisation. We aim to suggest this model to firms which intend to begin internationalization process. Result: Two Swedish firms in our thesis conduct different internationalization strategies when they go to international market. Based on the empirical evidence and previous researches it is possible to develop a new model that can provide a holistic view of a firm internationalisation process

Purpose/Aim: This essay seeks to describe in what way different newspapers framed Uppsala Reggaefestival, which is a music festival in Uppsala, Sweden. Not only the local press, but also the framing by national press will be analyzed. Furthermore, it seeks to discuss what causes different frames. Material/Method: The material consist of 96 articles from 4 different newspapers which are being analyzed through a quantitative content analysis method inspired by Melin and Lange, and their ideas of identifying the main message of a text. The media framing of Uppsala Reggaefestival are compared to another similar music festival in Sweden, Arvikafestivalen. By using theories about media framing and media logic the results can, if not explained, at least be discussed. Main results: The study shows that Uppsala Reggaefestival is framed in a way that is focused on the problems within the festival, for example drug abuse. Compared to Arvikafestivalen, especially in the national press the difference is great. The cause of the difference requires further studies, but according to the theory of media logic the content in a media company should be viewed as a result of the company needs and not as a mirror of reality. The way media content is presented can according to the framing theory be a result of existing frames within media, which can be caused by prevailing ideologies and views in society.