This dissertation tests the proposition that the spatial structure of street networks affects the distribution of urban land use. Specifically, it examines patterns of commercial land use utilizing parcel based data on retail and service businesses location. While previous studies report a correlation between spatial structure and patterns of commercial land use, these studies do not typically control for the effect of key variables likely to contribute to the spatial distribution of retail and service establishments. In order to redress this balance, and using the City of Buenos Aires as a case study, this dissertation studies the correlation between commercial land use frontage and street connectivity measures, while controlling for street widths, density of population and employment, interstore externalities, zoning regulations, and distance to transit stations. Buenos Aires is chosen for its regular plan radiating from a well-defined CBD, a plan which would be expected to conform to standard urban attraction models of retail location. Results of multiple regression models indicate that, after controlling for these variables, measures of street connectivity account for key aspects of the distribution of retail, including linear distributions along major radial and peripheral streets at a distance from the CBD. Thus, the dissertation supports the thesis that "urban attraction" should not be conceptualized in terms of distances from a unique central location, or a number of central locations, but rather in terms of a model of distributed centrality governed by the structure of street networks.

In the 1980s, Laws No: 2981 and 3290 were putting forward important amount of development rights creation by improvement plans. This promise of development by party politics provided potential of political rent. This study will not take into account this political rent created but the realization of this development promised. The development by improvement plans could not be realized. In some areas, transformation from gecekondu to apartment blocks occurred by the hands of market mechanism and construction sector. However in some areas, the intervention of the public sector was necessary for transformation. The aim of this study is to discuss the planning and development issues under the mixed economies through dynamics of urban transformation and the phenomena of urban non-transformation in areas where development rights by improvement plans were assigned in the case of Ankara city under a comparative approach. The comparative case study puts forward the existing situation as a concrete problem and analyzing it with reference to direct observation, interviews with various actors, historicity (historical development of Ankara macroform among inter-relations between planning decisions, macroeconomy and legal regulations thus public and capital) and the quantitative data. Then, improvement planning in Turkish case is evaluated by reference to similar World examples. This evaluation leads us to the inter-relational concepts of public policy and rent concerning gecekondu improvement thus to the evaluation of improvement areas by reference to rent concept and Turkish urban land and housing market covering the urban growth and capital accumulation issues. Then the study is concluded.

Global warming and climate change is believed to increase the hydro-meteorological natural disasters. Floods, the most widespread of natural hazards, are expected to occur more frequently and severely in the near future. This means that urban areas of Turkey are likely to be under intensive threat of floods, the adverse impacts of which are already considered only next to that of earthquakes. The recent disaster policy of United Nations together with contemporary interpretations of risk society shifted to capacity building and risk management prior to hazards, rather than preparations for relief after disasters. This historical turn in policy demands a more comprehensive and integrated form of planning for the mitigation of risks in the riverain cities of Turkey than existing approaches. Turkey&amp / #8217 / s current flood protection structure seems to be based on the surveys and assessments of a central authority and on its limited powers of intervention. The local municipal administrations are under different interests and pressures for development and land-use. It seems essential to integrate flood risk mitigation efforts with the local planning system and to involve municipalities in their estimations of risks and its declaration on official duty, as contemporary international approaches indicate. This conviction is based on a sample survey of four cases of riverine cities in Turkey, and on a review of current approaches in a sample of international cases. Findings on four riverain case cities indicate that river floods turn into destructive disasters mainly due to tolerant land-use decisions. Inaccurate and discrete implementations and developments in and through the river basins are a second source of flood losses. Currently, neither urban development plans nor available flood plans are equipped with necessary measures to mitigate risks. Findings indicate that current vulnerabilities are greater in value than investments made to curb flood risks. Independent and discrete efforts of mitigation seem to generate illusory feelings of safety, which aggravates vulnerabilities. The compulsory declaration of flood vulnerabilities by municipalities themselves in their entitlement for special subsidies could raise the general level of awareness, could curb further vulnerabilities, and contribute to the articulation of planning methods in the more effective mitigation control.

This doctoral thesis analyses the role of historical urban agriculture in a long-time perspective, through a combination of overarching surveys of Swedish towns and detailed studies of one town – Uppsala in east-central Sweden. The study shows how agricultural land – town land – of various sizes was donated to towns repeatedly during medieval times and in the 16th and 17th centuries. The study examines urban food production at three points in time, and concludes that grain production and, later, potato production as well was substantial in many towns, indicating high levels of urban self-sufficiency. This allows new perspectives concerning the interpretation of urban food provision, as urban dependency on countryside food production might have varied considerably between towns. In addition, the study shows how urban agriculture was connected to social welfare systems, in particular aiming at supporting urban widows. The results in this thesis provide an historical context to the increasing discussions about present-day urban agriculture globally, and identify a number of factors that may create or counteract opportunities for urban agriculture.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 98-103).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T20:32:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RUBIA versao final 01-11.pdf: 2434032 bytes, checksum: 16018bc33b56706d4a4ea77c302abcf1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-09-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research aims to identify the real estate evolution in Joinville s region. It also has the objective of identifying the strategy for urban land fragmentation as an indicator of the regional development. To reach the proposed goals, a documentational research and a bibliography review were carried out to collect and register information, analyze and interpret data about the foundation and development of Joinville. A study of land fragmentation evolution in Joinville was carried out focusing on the number of estates produced in each studied period and the regions of highest estate concentration. Based on this information, it was inferred that industrialization was an important factor in the regional development due to its influence in the determination of which land could be fragmented. As a result, based on the data collected, strategic indicators for the land fragmentation were defined. These indicators can be inherent or determinant to the industrial development. These indicators include climate, soil, geographic position, local workforce characteristics, and the ease to commercialize the estate in smaller parts. / Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo identificar a evolução imobiliária na região de Joinville e a estratégia do parcelamento do solo urbano como indicador do desenvolvimento regional. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa documental e uma revisão histórica bibliográfica, coletando e registrando informações, analisando e interpretando dados de como surgiu a cidade de Joinville e de que maneira se deu seu desenvolvimento. Num segundo momento, foi realizado um estudo sobre a evolução dos loteamentos na cidade de Joinville, buscando enfocar o número de lotes produzidos em cada período e foram estudadas as regiões de maior concentração destes lotes. Com base nestas informações, inferiu-se que a industrialização foi um fator importante no desenvolvimento regional devido à influência que exerceu na determinação das possíveis regiões de terra que poderiam ser parceladas. Como resultado, com base nos dados obtidos, foram definidos indicadores estratégicos inerentes ou determinantes do parcelamento do solo para o desenvolvimento industrial tais como: condições climáticas, de solo, posição geográfica, características da mão-de-obra local e a facilidade de comercialização das glebas em propriedades menores.

BRANDÃO, Fátima Regina Lopes. A elaboração do saber nas lutas pela moradia: um estudo sobre ocupações de terreno em Fortaleza. 2001. 255f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza-CE, 2001. / Submitted by Maria Josineide Góis (josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-05T14:59:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2001_Dis_FRLBRANDAO.pdf: 939316 bytes, checksum: 9f05f976b2a1214c81839e0859a90237 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-09T12:31:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2001_Dis_FRLBRANDAO.pdf: 939316 bytes, checksum: 9f05f976b2a1214c81839e0859a90237 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-09T12:31:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2001_Dis_FRLBRANDAO.pdf: 939316 bytes, checksum: 9f05f976b2a1214c81839e0859a90237 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / This study discusses the knowledge and know-how acquired during the fight for housing in Fortaleza from 1980 to 1998 and – more specifically – in the production of strategies and the organized squatting of land for improved acess to housing. The first of the study includes theree chapters. The first retrace the story of policies for low-income housing in Brasil and of the struggle for hegemony in the occupation of urban space. The second chapter discusses the spatial grwth of Fortaleza, its contradictions and the resulting forms and means of segregation. The third describes the urban dynamics observed in the city relating to the housing conditions and opportunities of the majority of the population. The second part includes two chapters and discusses the knowledge and know-how developed during the struggle for housing and through the related social practices – especially in Fortaleza’s community organizations. These chapters examine the relationship between the knowledge produced during experiences in planned squatting – from the fight for land to the construction of the houses – and the changes in the mutirão1 programs and their management. Case studies from Fortaleza’s neighborhoods of Messejana, Bairro Ellery, Pirambu and Dias Macêdo are presented. The principal sources of data and information were the oral testimonials of community leaders, suatters, coordinators os federations of neighborhood associations, technical staff os government bodies, NGO representatives, members of parliament, activists of progressive segments of the Catholic Church and members of the Joint Council for Housing. This information was cross-checked against official documents and statistics of the State of Ceará and the City of Fortaleza, data from community organizations, new clippings and academic studies on the topic. / O presente trabalho trata sobre o saber da prática social elaborado nas lutas pela moradia em Fortaleza, no início da década de 1980 até 1998, com foco nas estratégias de ocupação planejada de terrenos. A primeira parte do estudo, composta de três capítulos, versa sobre a trajetória da habitação popular e a luta pela hegemonia na ocupação do espaço urbano, a expansão da cidade de Fortaleza e um panorama atual da dinâmica da Cidade, no que se refere às opções de moradia para a maioria da população. A segunda parte, composta de dois capítulos, discorre acerca do saber da prática social, elaborado nas lutas por moradia, enfocando, especificamente a organização dos movimentos de bairros em Fortaleza, e refletindo sobre a relação entre os saberes produzidos nas experiências de ocupações planejadas, tanto na luta pelo terreno, quanto na construção das casas, e sua influência na condução do Programa Mutirões Habitacionais. As experiências estudadas localizam-se nos bairros de Messejana, Bairro Ellery, Pirambu e Dias Macedo. O estudo utilizou como fonte de informação as narrativas de lideranças, atores destas ocupações, dirigentes das entidades federativas locais no período, técnicos de organizações governamentais e não-governametais, parlamentares, militantes de setores da Igreja Católica, membros do Conselho Municipal de Habitação, além de documentos oficiais, acervos das entidades, dados estatísticos, jornais e outros estudos realizados.

Orientadora: Profª Drª Silvana Zioni / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Planejamento e Gestão do Território, 2014. / As grandes cidades brasileiras são caracterizadas pela existência de significativos contingentes populacionais em situação de precariedade habitacional, resultado do modelo de desenvolvimento excludente característico do desenvolvimento do capitalismo nos países periféricos. A partir da década de 1980 surge o conceito de ZEIS ¿ Zona Especial de Interesse Social, que é um instrumento urbanístico implementado em áreas ocupadas com habitações precárias, ou a demarcação de áreas vazias, subutilizadas ou não utilizadas, voltadas prioritariamente ao acesso à moradia e à terra urbanizada para populações de baixa renda. A ZEIS constitui-se em um dos primeiros dispositivos institucionais de política urbana no país voltados à diminuição da desigualdade social urbana. Através do estudo da implementação das ZEIS de vazios no território do Grande ABC, buscou-se identificar os avanços concretos realizados com base nessa política e suas limitações e desafios na atuação do Estado na solução das questões fundiárias e de democratização do território. No cenário atual de crescimento das favelas e ocupações irregulares, por um lado, e ampliação da oferta de moradia através de políticas públicas de incentivo à obtenção de imóveis, por outro, os instrumentos urbanísticos voltados à diminuição da desigualdade urbana podem contribuir para democratizar o acesso à terra urbanizada. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa pretende avaliar o alcance e a efetividade da implementação de políticas públicas para contribuir criticamente para seu aperfeiçoamento, tendo como recorte a Região do Grande ABC. / Brazil's big cities are characterized by the existence of substantial groups of people in precarious housing situation, result of exclusionary characteristic of capitalist development in the model of peripheral countries. Social Interest Special Zone (ZEIS: Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social), which is an tool implemented in urban empty, underused or unused, or busy areas with substandard housing, focusing primarily on access to housing and land. The ZEIS, created in 1980, constitutes one of the first institutional arrangements for urban policy in the country aimed at reducing urban social inequality. Through the study of the implementation of ZEIS empty in the territory in the Greater ABC sought to identify the progress made based on that policy and its limitations and challenges in the performance of the state in resolving land issues and democratization of the country. In the current scenario of growth of slums and irregular occupations, on the one hand, and expanding the supply of housing through public policies conducive to obtaining property, on the other, aimed at reducing urban inequality, urban instruments can help to democratize access to urbanized land. Thus, this research aims to assess the scope and effectiveness of the implementation of public policies to critically contribute to its improvement, with the spacial cutout in the Greater ABC Region.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:00:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5561.pdf: 4325885 bytes, checksum: 17098e745fb832216ed81c3a3af560d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-03-15 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The present work consisted in the application of a method for environmental sustainability analysis for land use and soil occupation of Ilha Comprida city, located in the southern state of São Paulo, the estuarine-lagoon complex Iguape-Cananéia- Paranaguá, region of Vale do Ribeira de Iguape. Land use and soil occupation of Ilha Comprida and the concept of sustainability as a theoretical, technical and empirical supporting body were studied. This work used a methodology based on a Method developed by a Study Group from UFSCar (Federal University of São Carlos) called Strategic Planning and Sustainable Urban Environment (PESMU), which incorporates the sustainability issue in the analysis and evaluation of urban context projects. Therefore, the methodology makes use of flow charts, interaction matrices, characterization sheets, used together, directing the analysis of environmental sustainability in the city, pointing favorable, neutral or unfavorable trends to environmental sustainability. Practical applications of the method in different areas of the city were carried out, showing the land use and soil occupation as the action variable (street construction layout, plot, deployment of building plots, urban uses and buildings geometries) and environmental issues as control variables. Comprising an easy applicability methodology, it proved to be feasible, and can be added other possible information and more complex analysis tools to enable the expansion of its applicability. / O presente trabalho se constituiu na aplicação de um método para análise da sustentabilidade ambiental do uso e ocupação do solo do Município de Ilha Comprida, localizado no extremo sul do estado de São Paulo, no Complexo estuarino-lagunar de Iguape-Cananéia-Paranaguá, região do Vale do Ribeira de Iguape. Para tanto foram estudados: o uso e ocupação do solo do município de Ilha Comprida e o conceito de sustentabilidade como corpo de sustentação teórico, técnico e empírico. No presente trabalho, é feita a utilização de uma metodologia baseada em um Método desenvolvido pelo Grupo de estudos em Planejamento Estratégico e Sustentável do Meio Urbano (PESMU) da UFSCar, o qual incorpora a questão da sustentabilidade na análise e avaliação de projetos no contexto urbano. Assim, a metodologia faz uso de fluxogramas, matrizes de interações, fichas de caracterizações, utilizadas conjuntamente, direcionando a análise da sustentabilidade ambiental do Município, apontando tendências favoráveis, desfavoráveis ou neutras à sustentabilidade ambiental. Foram realizadas aplicações práticas do método em diferentes áreas do município, evidenciando o uso e ocupação do solo como a variável de ação (arruamento, lote, implantação de loteamentos, usos urbanos e geometrias das edificações) e os aspectos ambientais como as variáveis de controle. Compreendendo uma metodologia de fácil aplicabilidade, mostrou-se viável, podendo ser introduzidas eventuais informações e instrumentos mais complexos de análises que possibilitem a ampliação da sua aplicabilidade.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:57:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HudaASL_DISSERT.pdf: 5424305 bytes, checksum: 3866214b3132f6f2d8c81f57837be00b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-10 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / This study presents research regarding affordable housing and their effects on the spatial reconfiguration of Natal/ RN, aiming to identify the specificities of the informality of urban land. This study aims to understand how informal housing market operates housing provision for the population located in popular informal settlements, through buying and selling market and rental market of residential properties irregular / illegal. This understanding will be through the neighborhood of M?e Luisa, Special Area of Social Interest (SASI), located between neighborhoods with a population of high purchasing power and inserted into the tourist shaft of seaside of town. The characterization of informal housing market in M?e Luiza, from buyers, sellers and renters, will help to understand how these informal transactions operate on SASI and housing provision for public policy development and implementation of housing programs and land regularization for low-income population, adequate to dynamic and reality of housing of informal areas / O presente trabalho apresenta estudos referentes ? habita??o social e seus efeitos sobre a reconfigura??o espacial de Natal/RN, visando identificar as especificidades da informalidade do solo urbano. Busca compreender como o mercado imobili?rio informal opera a provis?o habitacional para a popula??o situada em assentamentos populares informais, por meio do mercado de compra e venda e loca??o de im?veis resid?ncias irregulares/ ilegais. Esse entendimento ocorreu a partir do bairro de M?e Luiza, ?rea Especial de Interesse Social (AEIS) situada entre bairros com popula??o de elevado poder aquisitivo e inserido no eixo tur?stico de orla mar?tima da cidade. A caracteriza??o do mercado imobili?rio informal em M?e Luiza, tomando como base os compradores, os vendedores e os locat?rios, contribuir? para compreender como essas transa??es informais operam a provis?o habitacional em AEIS e para a elabora??o de pol?ticas p?blicas e implanta??o de programas habitacionais e de regulariza??o fundi?ria a popula??o de baixa renda, adequadas ? din?mica e realidade da moradia das ?reas informais