Submitted by Josimara Dias Brumatti (bcgdigital@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-03-27T18:22:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE (DE)CISÕES DO MODERNISMO.pdf: 1460342 bytes, checksum: 43ea4a205cf61bf98927c31599bdd070 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Josimara Dias Brumatti (bcgdigital@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-03-27T18:22:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE (DE)CISÕES DO MODERNISMO.pdf: 1460342 bytes, checksum: 43ea4a205cf61bf98927c31599bdd070 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-27T18:22:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE (DE)CISÕES DO MODERNISMO.pdf: 1460342 bytes, checksum: 43ea4a205cf61bf98927c31599bdd070 (MD5) / António Castilho de Alcântara Machado D’Oliveira (1901-1935), cuja produção surge após a Semana de Arte Moderna de 1922, discorda da ideia de que as obras modernistas promoveriam uma revolução estritamente estética e presencia o desmembramento do grupo modernista paulistano. É perceptível, nas cartas, uma postura combativa e crítica, a linha de continuidade dos assuntos e temas com os textos literários e jornalísticos do escritor. Na correspondência analisada, identifica-se a elaboração de uma rede epistolar com escritores residentes no Rio de Janeiro, como Alceu Amoroso Lima (1893-1983) e Prudente de Morais, neto (1904-1977), a fim de propagar e consolidar o movimento modernista, seja através do envio ou pedido de colaborações, seja pelas críticas das obras em preparação ou recém-publicadas. Ao estudar a correspondência percebe-se o potencial de desnudamento dos processos estéticos presentes nas obras literárias, permitindo um trabalho crítico genético sobre as mais diversas etapas de criação artística. As cartas, contudo, não ficam restritas à condição de palimpsesto artístico e apresentam formulação e desdobramentos contíguos aos da literatura devido à encenação discursiva construída entre o emissor e o destinatário. Ao abordar o caráter proteiforme da carta destaca-se a função utópica, um dos pontos principais da tese a ser defendida. A utopia se refere à amplitude temporal do gênero epistolar, cuja mensagem se projeta para além do momento datado através da propagação dos sintomas pertencentes ao quebra-cabeça do desenvolvimento de uma escrita autoral. Esses sintomas, disseminados na correspondência de A. de A. M., revelam os debates em torno do novo, da divisão entre estética e ideologia e as estratégias e apostas do artista na modificação do cenário cultural brasileiro a partir da modernização urbana, artística e social. / António Castilho de Alcântara Machado D’Oliveira (1901-1935), cuya producción surge tras la Semana de Arte Moderna de 1922, discordia de la idea de que las obras de vanguardia promoverían una revolución estrictamente estética y presencia la desmembración del grupo vanguardista paulistano. Es visible, en sus cartas, una postura combatiente y crítica y una línea de continuidad de los asuntos y los temas con los textos literarios y periodísticos del escritor. En la correspondencia analizada, se identifica la elaboración de una red epistolar con escritores residentes en el Rio de Janeiro, como Alceu Amoroso Lima (1893-1983) e Prudente de Morais, neto (1904-1977), a fin de propagar y consolidar el Modernismo, sea a través del envío o pedido de colaboraciones, sea por las críticas de las obra en preparación o recién-publicadas. Al estudiar la correspondencia se percibe el potencial de revelación de los procesos estéticos presentes en las obras literarias, permitiendo el trabajo crítico genético de las diversas etapas de la creación artística. Las cartas, con todo, no se restringen a la condición de palimpsesto artístico y presentan formulación y desdoblamientos contiguos a los de la literatura por la dramatización discursiva construida entre el emisor y el destinatario. Al tratar del carácter proteiforme de la carta sobresale la función utópica, uno de los puntos principales de la tesis en tela. La utopía se refiere a la amplitud temporal del género epistolar, cuyo mensaje se proyecta para más allá del momento datado a través de la propagación de los síntomas pertenecientes al rompe-cabezas del desarrollo de una escrita autoral. Esos síntomas, diseminados en la correspondencia de A. de A. M., revelan los debates acerca de lo nuevo, de la división entre estética e ideología y las estrategias y apuestas del artista en el cambio del escenario cultural brasileño a partir de la modernización artística, urbana e social.

Living with Star Trek investigates the connections between Star Trek fandom and the Star Trek text. This study identifies and examines the American themes of utopia, community and self-improvement inherent within the fictional text which also form the thematic framework for letters written by fans to express their affection for the series. These letters represent a `network of support', whereby a community of fans is able to communicate with each other through written correspondence sent to producers, edited collections, and fan magazines. In talking about the series, fans confess and share intimate stories, often based around trauma or bereavement, and at the same time describe how Star Trek has played an important and inspirational part in their daily lives; Star Trek's utopian vision and communal spirit has given them the impetus to enact positive change. Drawing together the themes identified in the text and fan letters, the first half of the thesis examines Star Trek's use of history, narrative and myth to tell its futuristic stories. In particular, I examine how Star Trek has used the distinctive literary tradition of the Puritan American Jeremiad to create a didactic narrative that emphasises the attainment of utopia through communal effort and personal change. The second half of the thesis continues this inquiry by examining a range of letters that describe how fans are able to tap into the open nature of the Star Trek text and use it to fulfil needs and desires in their own daily lives. In particular, I stress how the letters are not just examples of fan affection but also represent a reciprocal relationship where fans can criticise and engage with the programme as well as use it as a form of motivation.

On a l'intention de problématiser l'infantile comme un opérateur utopique présent dans l'oeuvre de Georges Perec, dans la mesure que l'auteur présente son récit dans un mouvement de construction/déconstruction de l'histoire, un devir à partir de ml'oubli, de l'absence de mémoire, mais aussi de photographie et des histoires, déconstruites par la fiction qui prends un sens puissant quand il fait lien entre le singulier et le colectif. La psychanalyse, à partir de Freud, énonce que dans la condition de locuteurs, on est condamnés à seulement agir comme sujets quand alienés de nous même, dans le discours de l'Autre, dans l'inconscient. Cela est l'infantile, toujours presque revenant sur la forme d'un fantôme. Alors, la psychanalyse, infantile n'est pas ce qui est relatif ou propre de l'enfance. Bien qu'en construction dans l'enfant, l'enfantile consiste dans le produit conclusif de l'enfance du quel emergera l'adulte. à partir de cela, l'infantile est condition subjective. / Este trabalho pretende problematizar o infantil como um operador utópico presente na obra de Georges Perec, na medida em que o autor apresenta sua narrativa num movimento de construção/desconstrução da história, um devir a partir do esquecimento, da ausência de memória, mas também de fotografias e histórias, desconstruídas pela ficção que toma um sentido potente ao fazer laço do singular com o coletivo. A psicanálise, a partir de Freud, enuncia que, na condição de falantes, estamos condenados a só agir como sujeitos quando alienados de nós mesmos, no discurso do Outro, no inconsciente. Esse é o infantil, sempre prestes a retornar sob a forma de fantasma. Portanto, na psicanálise, infantil não é aquilo que é relativo ou próprio à infância. Ainda em constituição na criança, o infantil consiste no produto conclusivo da infância do qual emergirá o adulto. A partir disso, infantil é condição subjetiva.

While traditional readings of Thomas More's Utopia have largely relied upon literal interpretations, and accordingly have emphasized the significance of Utopia as a model of the ideal society, this thesis endeavors to explore beyond the conventional or literal appearance of More's language to consider the possible meanings, intentions, and strategies underlying Utopia's elaborate discourse, concentrating specifically on the significance of More's use of humor and irony and his familiarity with the conventions of satiric fiction.

This dissertation examines how three contemporary Mexican intellectuals confront the cultural milieu and political economy of the neoliberal era by revising the utopian imaginaries of Mexico’s major 20th century student movements. Building on recent scholarship on Mexican history and geography, urban studies, and political theory, I analyze the cities and politics that Mexican intellectuals have imagined to challenge the neoliberal cultural injunction against alternative forms of utopian thinking. The principal works studied in this dissertation are Roberto Bolaño’s novels Amuleto (1999), Los detectives salvajes (1998), and El espíritu de la ciencia-ficción (2016); Eduardo Ruiz Sosa’s novel Anatomía de la memoria (2014); and Alonso Ruizpalacios’ film Güeros (2014). The first chapter examines Roberto Bolaño’s treatments of the 1968 student movement and the Tlatelolco massacre within his broader Mexico City works. Bolaño uses metaphors derived from horror film to critique traditional historiographies of ’68 that are colored by morbid fascination with the violence, while positing science fiction as a utopian method for rethinking the relationship between the past and the future. The second chapter analyzes how Eduardo Ruiz Sosa’s novel Anatomía de la memoria conjures the specters of the 1970s student guerilla uprising in Sinaloa to shed light on the present struggles against the contemporary violence plaguing cities like Culiacán. I approach Ruiz Sosa’s novel as a study of the ruins of revolutionary Third Worldism which politicizes individual and collective processes of mourning and reaffirms a future open to possibilities beyond narco-neoliberal sovereignty. The third chapter unpacks the utopian resonances of Alonso Ruizpalacios’ film Güeros about the 1999-2000 National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) student strike against the neoliberal effort to privatize higher education. I read the portrayal of the student occupation of the UNAM campus as an exploration of the dialectical utopian tensions between the needs for access to urban resources and poetic encounters with the unexpected in city life. By studying these intellectuals as critics of neoliberalism and as visual and textual philosophers of the utopian, my dissertation conceives of utopia as a strategy of finding potentialities within historical narratives to restore a sense of possibility to contemporary political landscapes.

English abstract: "The wealth of nothingness - On the (im)possibility of metaphysics in Adorno and Beckett": The subject of this paper is Theodor W. Adorno's reception of Samuel Beckett and its embedding in his philosophy. Based on an interpretation of Adorno's treatment of the problem of temporality, it is shown that for Adorno Beckett's work both marks the end of time in a bad infinity and at the same time prepares the turn into a fulfilled time. As the opening of a quasi- utopian temporality, it is argued that the engagement with Beckett represents for Adorno as much as the rescue of the possibility of metaphysics and critical theory through its impossibility, moving in the semantics of gift, promise, and gratitude. Keywords: dialectics, temporality, metaphysics, gift, utopia

The premise of this thesis is to show how imperialism is an extension of Ciceronian humanism in More’s Utopia. Core Ciceronian premises, such as rhetoric and the vita activa in relation to imperialism are explored. Cicero called for liberating the barbarians from their savage state by dint of turning them into civic agents that enjoy their legal rights in a civil society by virtue of using rhetoric. Cicero’s vita activa is implemented by practicing philosophy of the vita activa and being active to serve the commonwealth outwardly (other commonwealths). This thesis shows that More’s Utopia is constructed upon Cicero’s ethical man; the Utopians are presented as the best people, for they are morally superior. Consequently, they are the best people to rule other commonwealths (imperialism). This thesis will also show that the ecology in Utopia is colonized and cultivated by the Utopians. The process of cultivation is implemented by virtue of the studia humanitatis and, the ecology is subordinated to the conquerors’ reason, which will be illustrated in this thesis. In addition, this thesis will highlight the similarities between the account of Cicero and More in relation to imperialism and chauvinism. Cicero’s discourse has chauvinism in his depiction of the Gauls and imperialism in his account of Romulus. Similarly, Hythloday’s account of Utopus and the Utopians is imperialistic; Utopia valorizes imperialist rhetoric by justifying seizing the lands of the barbarians under the pretext of civilizing them. This thesis also illustrates how More’s and Cicero’s rhetoric of imperialism corresponds to Herlihy- Mera’s three phases of cultural conquest, namely merchants, military, and politicians.

Despite having an overall high standard of living, from 2015-2016 only 60.8% of households with children in New Zealand reported being fully food secure (NZ Ministry of Health 2019). Even more frustrating is that supermarkets and restaurants in North America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand are constantly stocked with 150-200% of surplus food over what it would take to nutritionally feed their populations, with much of it going to waste. To explore this, I conducted a nine-week ethnographic case study of Kaibosh Food Rescue which is a non-profit food aid initiative operating in Wellington, New Zealand, that collects ‘food waste’ from supermarkets and redistributes it to charities that are offering social services. By following the food through its social life and interviewing an array of stakeholders from organizational staff to individual recipients, I found that rescued ‘food waste’ continues to embody multiple values even in its supposed afterlife once it is declared as ‘waste’ by supermarkets. In this thesis I argue that not only does this food waste still hold much nutritional value to help individual recipients feed themselves and their families, it also created social spaces and enriched social lives of the urban food insecure, helped empower parents through learning cooking skills, and facilitated action for recipients to join social services and programming, all of which enhanced well-being and were facilitated by the presence of food. Thus, Kaibosh is experimenting with food waste for food security by combining nutritional and social benefits of food- what Stock et al. (2015) consider a “food utopia”- and ultimately changing the way we think about food and ‘food waste’, demonstrating what a food utopia can actually do.

As a member of the Institut für Sozialforschung, Herbert Marcuse wrote in 1955 Eros and Civilization in which he applied an elaborated and reformulated freudian meta-psychoanalytical perspective on the contemporary society, which both Freud and Marcuse had diagnosed as sick. Marcuse’s overall ambition was to seek man’s anamnestic abilities to negate contemporary capitalist society, re-structure the organization of products and reduce alienated labor and thereby liberate man from the most agonizing doing in life – living a life as an instrument. This political revolution Marcuse argues, would liberate man’s powerful subconscious energies stemming from Eros and mankind would no longer function as an alienated instrument. However, for the revolutionary agents to be conscious of their position, the mind of the human being must be transformed and only then a true negation of the prevailing system is possible. In his reading of Freud, Marcuse finds in the subconscious part of the mind a specific part that´s free from reality´s repression of the mind – fantasy. This essay seeks to illustrate and analyze how fantasy, alongside man’s ability of remembrance, has the ability to reform the consciousness of men, negate the structure of living imposed on them by capitalist domestic rationality and thereby formulate a new non-repressive society free from surplus repression and alienation. The overall purpose of this thesis is to explore and shed light on how the complex dynamic relation between memory and fantasy can achieve an intersubjective formulation of a new non-repressive society, free from the hegemony which is capitalist rationality.

This thesis project investigates different ways of collective living. It offers a different perspective towards the human-environment relationship and the ways in which we inhabit urban environments. The goal is to establish a better understanding about the concept of collectivity and community in urban life by looking at carefully selected examples.