Terrain Breakline Detection Using Sky-view factor Abstract The subject of this diploma thesis is to propose the procedure of detecting of terrain breaklines using Sky-view factor. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis first introduces the issue of terrain breaklines detection, which presents the methods known to date and Sky- view factor, which is the focal point of the proposed method. Implementation over real data takes place at four locations in the Czechia (Vítkovice, Hradiště, Strnady and Velenka). Data in the form of raster format is tested. At the end, the results of the proposed method and its verification using two selected methods of field edge detection are presented and evaluated. Achieved results point to Sky-view factor for terrain edge detection. Keywords: terrain breakline, digital terrain model, Sky-view factor, detection terrain breaklines methods

Submitted by Vanessa Nunes (vnunes) on 2015-07-28T17:31:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Thais Dalcin.pdf: 1240099 bytes, checksum: d1eafadabdc2590133c5884dbc5a673e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-28T17:31:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thais Dalcin.pdf: 1240099 bytes, checksum: d1eafadabdc2590133c5884dbc5a673e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-10 / Grupo RBS / O presente estudo busca compreender o desenvolvimento e a competitividade de clusters de startup no Brasil. Para a compreensão desses arranjos tecnológicos pode-se utilizar diferentes lentes teóricas, porém para o presente trabalho utilizar-se-á a Visão Baseada em Recursos e a Visão Relacional, uma vez que dirigem a atenção aos recursos-chave para o desenvolvimento desses aglomerados. Desta forma, identificaram-se na literatura treze recursos-chave relacionados aos clusters de startups, sendo oito recursos tangíveis e cinco recursos intangíveis. A partir das evidências teóricas, realizou-se uma análise multicasos, nos clusters de startup de Belo Horizonte e Porto Alegre, a fim de analisar a presença e o desenvolvimento dos recursos em cada caso. A pesquisa empírica foi conduzida por meio de 42 entrevistas em profundidade com os principais agentes de cada cluster: empreendedores, investidores, dirigentes de órgão públicos, universidades, parques tecnológicos, aceleradoras, incubadoras, empresas e demais instituições. Os resultados da pesquisa levaram à construção de um esquema conceitual-analítico, o qual apresenta os principais recursos para o desenvolvimento de um cluster de startup, bem como a inter-relação entre eles. Desta forma, evidenciou-se que alguns recursos atuam como condições para o desenvolvimento de outros, como é o caso da localização geográfica, das condições estruturais (como por exemplo, marco regulatório, infraestrutura, políticas econômicas, dentre outros), dos valores socioculturais, do nível de liberdade econômica e social e da qualidade de vida de uma determinada região. Em seguida, destacou-se a presença e o papel dos empreendedores como agentes centrais e catalisadores do processo de mudança e inovação. Os recursos relacionados à oferta de capital de risco, capital humano, sistema de educação, ensino e pesquisa, existência de relações colaborativas e acesso a mercados consumidores foram considerados chave por prover as principais necessidades dos empreendedores para geração de startups. Por conseguinte, analisaram-se os recursos que atuam como apoio para o cluster, como é o caso dos parques tecnológicos, das incubadoras e aceleradoras, das empresas, dos programas governamentais e do nível de diversidade cultural da região. / This study aims to understand the critical resources for the development and competitiveness of startup clusters in Brazil. In the literature review, it was identified that the Resource Based View and Relational View theoretical concepts could help the understanding of the startup clusters development. So, it was identified in the literature thirteen resources on the subject, being eight tangible resources and five intangible. According to the theoretical evidence, this study presents a multi-case analysis, based on the startup clusters of Belo Horizonte and Porto Alegre, in order to analyze the presence and the development of resources in each case. The empirical research was conducted through 42 in-depth interviews with each cluster agents: entrepreneurs, investors, public agency leaders, universities, technology and science parks, accelerators, incubators, companies, institutions and entities. The survey results led to the construction of a conceptual - analytical framework, which presents the main resources for the development of a startup cluster and the relationship among them. Thus, the evidence showed that some resources serve as conditions for the development of others, such as the geographical location, the structural conditions (for instance, regulatory environment, transportation and communication infrastructure, economic policies, among others), the socio-cultural values set and the degree of freedom and quality of life. Besides that, there is the presence and the role of entrepreneurs as key agents and catalysts of change and innovation process. The resources related to venture capital, intellectual capital, educational system, and access to consumer markets were considered key for providing the main needs of entrepreneurs. Therefore, it was analyzed the features that act as support for the cluster, such as technology and science parks , incubators, accelerators , companies ,level of cultural diversity and government programs. Finally, there is the need for collaborative relationships between all actors in the development of the resources of a startup cluster.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-11-24T11:51:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ingridi Vargas Bortolaso_.pdf: 2642377 bytes, checksum: 0dd7f4daf1f04248961c15763bed5376 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-24T11:51:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ingridi Vargas Bortolaso_.pdf: 2642377 bytes, checksum: 0dd7f4daf1f04248961c15763bed5376 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-20 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A cooperação entre universidade-governo-empresa (UGE) contribui para o desenvolvimento da indústria. A partir dessa cooperação, é possível explorar uma lacuna teórica, como o alinhamento entre a visão baseada em recursos e a visão relacional, gerando proposições de pesquisa. Quando se trata de indústria de alta complexidade tecnológica, como a dos semicondutores, essa cooperação torna-se essencial para o sucesso. Com o objetivo de ampliar a compreensão sobre a cooperação UGE na indústria de semicondutores e, em especial, como os recursos compartilhados pela universidade, governo e empresa contribuem para o desenvolvimento da indústria de semicondutores, a presente tese buscou compreender os recursos da universidade, governo e empresa. Isso porque essa cooperação pode estar intimamente relacionada com recursos disponibilizados por cada organização. Além dos recursos de cada organização envolvida, esta tese também identifica as ações relacionais desenvolvidas entre UGE e os recursos resultantes dessas ações. A aplicação dos conceitos-chave da visão baseada em recursos, alinhada com a visão relacional, contribui para a compreensão dessa cooperação. A estratégia de pesquisa utilizada é o estudo de caso único com unidades incorporadas. Assim, foi realizada uma coleta de dados envolvendo múltiplas fontes de informações, tais como: entrevista semiestruturada, material audiovisual, documentos das organizações e relatórios. A análise do caso estudado permitiu a geração de proposições de pesquisa e a elaboração de um esquema conceitual com os elementos críticos necessários para o estabelecimento da cooperação entre UGE. Como elementos críticos, identificou-se: os recursos internos da organização, os recursos compartilhados na cooperação, a relação como recurso, a orientação empreendedora da universidade, o posicionamento do governo como um ator-chave da cooperação e a existência de capacidades latentes nas organizações, característica essencial para o estabelecimento da cooperação. O presente trabalho também apresenta as implicações práticas e teóricas identificadas no processo de cooperação estudado e menciona recomendações para a continuidade deste estudo. / Collaboration amongst university-government-industry (U-G-I) contributes to the development of infant industries. When it comes to industries of high technological complexity, such as segment of semiconductor, this cooperation becomes essential for their success. In order to enlarge our understanding involving the cooperation between university-government-firm in the semiconductor industry and, particularly, how the resources shared by them contribute to the development of the semiconductor industry, this dissertation tries to understand the resources of university, government and firm. This is because such cooperation may be closely related to the resources provided by each organization. In addition to the resources of each of the organizations involved, we also have identified relational actions developed between U-G-I and resulting resources of such actions. An application of the key concepts of the resource-based view, aligned with the relational view, contributed to the understanding of this cooperation. The research strategy used is the case study with embedded units only. Thus, we collected data involving multiple sources of information, such as semi-structured interviews, audiovisual material, organizations’ documents and reports. The analysis of the case study allowed generating research propositions and elaborating a conceptual framework with critical elements necessary to the establishing cooperation amongst U-G-I. As critical elements, we found internal resources of the organizations, resources shared at the cooperation, relation as resource, entrepreneurial direction of the university, the position of the government as a key actor of the cooperation, and the stocks of latent capacities in the organizations, which are essential to establish cooperation. The present study also presents the practical and theoretical implications involved in the process of cooperation studied and makes some recommendations for continuing this study.

En ökad tillväxt inom tjänstesektorn och företagens strävan efter att bli mer konkurrenskraftiga har bidragit till högre användning av ett betydelsefullt verktyg i affärsvärlden: outsourcing. Outsourcing gör det möjligt för företag att köpa in tjänster som saknas internt. Genom att ingå i ett samarbete tillsammans med externa leverantörer kan företaget, genom att köpa externa aktiviteter, stärka delar av sin verksamhet som tidigare varit bristfälliga. Dagens samhälle präglas av företag som ständigt strävar efter att höja sin effektivisering och minska sina kostnader. Det har i sin tur medfört att outsourcingen fått en stor inverkan på tjänster, till exempel marknadsföring. Trenden har lett till att många företag därför outsourcar sin marknadsföringsfunktion, som i sin tur kan ge många fördelar. Det ger företaget tid till att fokusera på sin kärnkompetens och få experthjälp i utsatta situationer. Outsourcing kan också medföra risker exempelvis kan en extern leverantör få för stor kontroll över verksamheten, vilket kan leda till att företaget förlora sin unika kärnkompetens. Det kan även uppkomma andra dolda kostnader under projektet som företag inte är medvetna om.Studien har genomförts för att skapa en förståelse kring varför företag outsourcar sin marknadsföringsfunktion. Varför en verksamhet väljer att outsourca sin marknadsföringsfunktion, hur verksamheten påverkas samt vilka för- och nackdelar det finns med den här typen av outsourcing, är därför frågeställningar som lyfts upp i denna uppsats. Vår teoretiska referensram ligger till grund för den empiriska undersökning där fokus legat på teorierna om The Resource Based View och Transaktionskostnadsteorin. Genom att se till The Resource Based View granskar vi vilka aktiviteter som möjliggörs för det köpande företaget genom outsourcing. Fokus ligger i att se till vikten av att inneha resurser och att kunna utnyttja dessa på rätt sätt. Det leder i sin tur till företags vilja att bibehålla sin unika kärnkompetens och möjligheterna som kan uppnås genom att arbeta i ett nätverk med externa leverantörer. Transaktionskostnadsteorin används för att titta närmare på faktorer som motverkar outsourcing. Det berör alla dolda kostnader som kan uppkomma med outsourcing, och att det finns en viss osäkerhet att förlita sig till externa leverantörer.Den här studien har gjorts med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer, där deltagarna bestått av sex informanter från sex olika företag, som arbetar med marknadsföring på olika sätt. I studien har vi kommit fram till att företag outsourcar sin marknadsföringsfunktion för att tidsbespara och för att kunna lägga internt fokus på kärnkompetensen inom verksamheten. Tillsammans med den tidsmässiga aspekten outsourcar företag för att uppnå en högre kompetens. Det handlar inte främst om att företag inte är kapabla till att utföra en viss aktivitet internt, utan på grund av att företagen strävar efter ett utförande på en professionell nivå. Outsourcingen kan även ses som ett verktyg för att kunna producera en enhetlig marknadsföringskampanj med nya infallsvinklar. Att outsourca sin marknadsföringsfunktion har haft påverkan på företagen. Den empiriska undersökningen skildrar en mängd effekter, till exempel ökad intern kompetens, möjligheten att nå nya potentiella marknader, resultat som inte följt förväntningarna och interna konflikter. / Program: Civilekonomprogrammet

In this thesis, I argue that the interdependence between personal identity and practical concerns is overstated. In paradigmatic places where philosophers and common sense suggest that personal identity constrains how we should reason and care, or vice versa, the two spheres are in fact neutral to each other. I defend this claim by considering four specific cases. First, a rough characterization of the distinction between the complex and the simple view is that the former takes personal identity to consist in other relations, whereas the latter does not. I argue that the extreme claim according to which the complex view fails to give reasons for future-directed concern can be resisted. We maintain forward-looking attitudes and projects not because someone will be us, but because we relate to future selves in other, more important ways. Second, I argue that intuitions in a range of popular imaginary cases are contaminated by practical concerns whose relevance for personal identity is far from straightforward. Third, I argue that on a closer look, the complex versus simple distinction is confused. It thus cannot be what grounds differences in judgements on what matters. Debates about personal identity should be framed in terms of better understood notions. Finally, I argue that it is not a constraint on rational transformative choice that decision-maker and transforming individual are identical. Moreover, whether we are deciding for ourselves or for others - the importance of informed consent for transformative treatments is not diminished by the decision-maker's failure to projectively imagine the outcomes.

Knowledge as company resource which brings competitive advantage is frequently discussed topic. And managing of knowledge pays increasing attention, because it is possible to maximize utility and minimize losses of knowledge by using appropriate knowledge management. This paper is focused on analysis of Knowledge management process in the context of Unicorn ES Powered Company methodology and on suggestion of possible form of management of the process and its parts, which is the overall goal of this paper.

Terrain Breakline Detection Using Sky-view factor Abstract The subject of this diploma thesis is to propose the procedure of detecting of terrain breaklines using Sky-view factor. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis first introduces the issue of terrain breaklines detection, which presents the methods known to date and Sky- view factor, which is the focal point of the proposed method. Implementation over real data takes place at four locations in the Czechia (Vítkovice, Hradiště, Strnady and Velenka). Data in the form of raster format is tested. At the end, the results of the proposed method and its verification using two selected methods of field edge detection are presented and evaluated. Achieved results point to Sky-view factor for terrain edge detection. Keywords: terrain breakline, digital terrain model, Sky-view factor, detection terrain breaklines methods

The simple view of reading is a theory in which reading is divided into decoding and linguistic comprehension. The theory has been used to explain and to subgroup reading disabilities. Research has also investigated if additional factors are of relevance to reading. In the present study, decoding was divided into the factors orthographic decoding and phonological decoding, while comprehension was divided into word comprehension and grammatical comprehension. The purpose was to analyze these factors and their contribution to reading ability in children in fourth grade: one group with reading difficulties (n=36) and one group with typical reading ability (n=36). Results were analyzed using multiple regression and the two groups were compared. The contribution of non-verbal ability and general processing speed was also studied. The results showed differences between the groups. Decoding made the largest contribution to reading ability for the children with reading difficulties, while linguistic comprehension contributed the most for the children with typical reading ability. Differences were also found in how much the underlying factors contributed to decoding and linguistic comprehension, respectively. Non-verbal ability and general processing speed made small contributions, for both groups, to reading ability, decoding and linguistic comprehension, respectively. However, the two factors increased the explained variance in reading ability for the children with reading difficulties. In this group the two factors in The simple view of reading explained somewhat less of the variance in reading ability than for the children with typical reading ability. The study shows that decoding and comprehension are useful predictors of reading ability, and also indicates that The simple view of reading is less appropriate for children with reading difficulties. / The simple view of reading är en teori om läsning där läsförmåga delas in i vkodning och språkförståelse. Teorin har bland annat använts för att kartlägga lässvårigheter. Forskning har undersökt om ytterligare faktorer har betydelse för läsning. I föreliggande studie delades avkodning in i faktorerna ortografisk avkodning och fonologisk avkodning, medan språkförståelse delades in i ordförståelse och satsförståelse. Syftet var att undersöka faktorernas bidrag till läsförmåga hos barn i skolår fyra: en grupp med lässvårigheter (n=36) och en grupp med typisk läsförmåga (n=36). Testresultaten analyserades med multipel regressionsanalys och de båda grupperna jämfördes. Bidragen från icke-verbal förmåga och generell processhastighet studerades också. Resultaten visade att profilerna skilde sig åt mellan grupperna. För barnen med lässvårigheter gav avkodning störst bidrag till läsförmåga, medan språkförståelse var den mest bidragande faktorn för barnen med typisk läsförmåga. Skillnader fanns även i hur underliggande faktorer bidrog till avkodning respektive språkförståelse. Icke-verbal förmåga och generell processhastighet visade sig ge små bidrag till läsförmåga, avkodning respektive språkförståelse, för båda grupperna. När dessa två faktorer lades till framkom dock en relativt stor ökning av den förklarade variansen i läsförmåga hos barnen med lässvårigheter. Hos denna grupp var den förklarade variansen i läsförmåga av de två faktorerna i The simple view of reading något mindre än hos barnen med typisk läsförmåga. Sammantaget visar studien att avkodning och förståelse är användbara prediktorer till läsförmåga, samtidigt som resultaten antyder att The simple view of reading är mindre tillämpbar för barn med lässvårigheter.

The major difference between venture capital-firms and other financiers is that their business idea is not only providing capital but also knowledge in business development. The ownership structure of an venture capital-firm can be private as well as public. The Swedish government is today one of the major actors in the Swedish venture capital-industry. The purpose of this study is to shed light on how venture capital-firms involve itself in its portfolio firm and if this contributes to an increased value of the portfolio firm. We also try to shed light on differences in how a public and a private venture capital-firm gets involved in its portfolio firm and if there is any difference in how they can contribute to added value. We have chosen to interview two public and two private venture capital-firms and one of their portfolio firms. To answer the essay’s purpose we used qualitative case studies with semi-structured interviews. The theoretical framework consists of principal-agent theory, knowledge-based view of the firm and social capital and previous studies of venture capital-firms involvement and value-added in their portfolio firms. This essay is limited only to venture capital-firms and portfolio firms located in Stockholm. It is the perceptions of the Venture capital-firm and the portfolio firm we are interested in, regarding the venture capital-firms involvement and value-added. Our study shows that venture capital-firm’s level of involvement in their portfolio firms varies depending on the development stage in the portfolio firm. The portfolio firm’s network increases with the venture capital firm’s entry and it also provides knowledge in business development. The study did not find any difference in the way which the public or private venture capital-firm involve itself in its portfolio firm. Nor is there any difference in how they contribute to value-added in their portfolio firm. / Skillnaden mellan venture capital-företagen och andra finansiärer är att de har som affärsidé att förutom tillförandet av kapital även tillföra kunskaper i affärsutveckling till de företag de investerar i. Venture capital-företag investerar i onoterade företag som befinner sig i ett tidigt utvecklingsskede med tillväxtpotential. Venture capital-företagens ägarstruktur kan vara såväl privat som statlig. I dagsläget är den svenska staten en stor aktör på den svenska venture capital-marknaden. Syftet med uppsatsen är att belysa hur venture capital-företag involverar sig samt hur det kan bidra till ett ökat värde i sitt portföljföretag. Vi försöker även belysa om det finns skillnad i hur ett statligt och ett privat venture capital-företag involverar sig i sitt portföljföretag samt om det finns en skillnad i hur de kan bidra till ett ökat värde i sitt portföljföretag. Undersökningsobjekten för vår studie är två privata och två statliga VC-företag och ett av deras respektive portföljföretag. Vi har använt oss av kvalitativa fallstudier med semistrukturerade intervjuer för att kunna besvara våra frågeställningar. Den teoretiska referensramen består av principal-agent teorin, ”knowledge-based view of the firm” och socialt kapital, samt tidigare studier om venture capital-företagens involvering och värdetillförsel. Vi har avgränsat oss till venture capital-företag och dess respektive portföljföretag belägna i Stockholm. Uppsatsen har sin utgångpunkt i venture capital-företagets och portföljföretagets uppfattningar avseende involvering och värdetillförsel. Vår studie visar att venture capital-företagens involveringsgrad i sina portföljföretag varierar beroende av portföljföretagets utvecklingsfas. Portföljföretagets nätverk ökar i samband med venture capital-företagets inträde och de tillför även deras kunskap i affärsutveckling. Studien visar också att det inte finns en skillnad i hur det statliga och det privata venture capital-företaget involverar sig i sitt portföljföretag. Det finns inte heller någon skillnad i hur de bidrar till ett ökat värde i sitt portföljföretag.

The purpose of this study is to examine the view of knowledge and the view of learner which are prominent in the ministry memorandum Specific programs and access to vocational programs (U2009/5552/G) and thereby understand the potential impact of the new transformation of the current individual program and what it brings to the students who do not achieve the objectives in grade 9. We have used a qualitative text analysis method. The background to the study describes in particular today's individual program, view of knowledge and view of learner. The result shows that the most prominent in the memorandum is that knowledge is divided into theory and practice, that individualization is the focus and the text shows freedom for interpretation.