I denna uppsats analyseras det vegetariska subjektet med fokus på subjektiva upplevelser och genom detta belyses attraktioner och förändringar inom vegetarianismen mellan 1895–1931 i medlemstidskrifterna för Deutscher Vegetarier-Bund. Teoretiskt är uppsatsen grundad i subjektiviseringstesen med fokus på upplevelser, genus och känslor. Resultaten visar att ett skifte skedde från en rationell objektiv upplevelse till en subjektiv och känslostyrd upplevelse. Genomgående konstruerades den vegetariska livsstilen som en elitupplevelse och kontrasterades mot andra livsstilar. Det vegetariska subjektet var även könat och konstruerat med eller mot maskulina förväntningar. Genom analysen av genus och upplevelser har forskningen om tysk vegetarianism utökats. Vegetarianism kan genom analysen förstås som ett sätt att återförtrolla världen genom mystik och förundran.

The aim of this diploma thesis is a complete analysis of vegetarianism, as a consumer trend, including forecasts of future potential of this trend for the field of retailing in the Czech Republic. The thesis deals with the influence of various aspects of vegetarianism on the market in the Czech Republic. First, vegetarianism as such is characterized. The next chapter describes the supply side of vegetarian products on the Czech market, labeling of vegetarian food and its availability. Then, the thesis deals with with the consumer's purchasing decision-making process in relation to vegetarian products and marketing strategies that are used in relation to vegetarian products. The work is complemented by a questionnaire and a final SWOT analysis. In the thesis, a market potential of vegetarian products with one particular type of positioning was identified.

Eating meat is an increasingly problematic social practice. It has devastating environmental effects; itends and exploits animals’ lives and as a social practice it is also connected to other oppressive systems.In our culture, meat is symbolically tied to manhood and the ideological system of carnism that supportsanimal exploitation. This strong relationship between meat and masculinity becomes a problem for vegan men that wishes to advance animal welfare but are held back by masculine norms. Must masculinity be contested by vegan men in order to advance veganism? This research explores vegan men’s perception of masculinity and veganism through six in-depth interviews. The study uses thematic analysis and utilises Connell’s theory of hegemonic masculinity to explore these vegan men’s perception and relationship to masculinity in a vegan context. The study shows that vegan men disassociate themselves from what they perceive to be negative masculine traits. Instead, they endorse feminine traits such as humility andempathy leading to what they perceive to be a more mature identity. However, and as this study shows,masculinity is still much in focus. While asserting that men’s role in veganism is crucial to reach other men, they advance masculine traits such as rationalism, knowledge, argumentation and winning. Following the political theorist Wendy Brown, these traits are comprehended as adhering to a neoliberalist subject position that frames our contemporary political landscape. The study shows how hegemonic forms of masculinity may be reproduced through veganism by appeal and consensus with masculine norms.

No description available.

Worldwide, there were 463 million adults (20-79 years) with diabetes in 2019. These figures are expected to increase to 700 million by 2045. Additionally, approximately 4.2 million deaths worldwide were attributable to diabetes, and global health care expenditures on individuals with diabetes were estimated to be 760 billion U.S. dollars. One of the most effective ways to control this debilitating disease is to prevent it before it happens, which, based on evidence from the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) randomized controlled trial and other studies in different countries, is feasible with a change in weight, dietary habits, and physical activity levels. While many studies have shown the benefits of plant-based diets in diabetes prevention, no DPP studies have been found that have incorporated a plant-based diet for their dietary component. The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of implementing a worksite plant-based diabetes prevention program to inform larger randomized trials to be conducted in the future. This was a mixed-methods pilot study using a one group pretest-posttest design. The study was delivered to Teachers College, Columbia University employees and staff and was designed to use a modified version of the CDC’s national curriculum, one that emphasizes plant-based eating patterns. The sessions ran during lunch hour where a healthy lunch that supported the behavior change goal of the session was provided. The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) framework was used for both curriculum design and program evaluation. The principles of facilitated group discussion in a safe environment were used to deliver the sessions. The program was conducted in the spring semester of 2020, once a week, for a series of 13 weeks plus two voluntary booster sessions held 1 and 2 months after the program was completed. Midway through the semester, the program went virtual using synchronous video-conferencing technology due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on consumption of healthy and unhealthy plant- and animal-based foods, physical activity, and psychosocial variables were measured pre and post program using validated questionnaires; blood glucose values were measured as HbA1c using A1CNow® SELFCHECK; and weights were measured weekly using Tanita SC-331S scales when classes were in-person and home scales when classes went virtual. Evaluations of participants’ acceptability and satisfaction were assessed at the end of the program both quantitatively and through interviews. Finally, fidelity to the plant-based curriculum and evaluation of educational plan completion and engagement were done weekly. Forty-one individuals expressed interest in the study, but only 18 met the eligibility criteria, of whom 14 were finally enrolled, constituting 78%. The participants were ethnically/racially diverse. Attrition was very low with only one dropout, and this did not change when the program went virtual. Program delivery was in fact feasible and all 13 lessons and booster sessions were completed. The plant-based DPP was received with a high degree of acceptability and satisfaction by the participants. Participants described the safe environment created and the facilitated dialogue approach in the sessions, along with peer support as instrumental for their behavior changes. There were some significant improvements in the physiological, behavioral, and psychosocial outcome measures explored in the study which included: weight, diet quality in terms of plant-based and animal-based foods, physical activity levels, blood glucose levels, and behavioral and psychosocial determinants of behavior change of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theoretical framework. After study completion and analysis of results, it is clear that conducting a worksite plant-based diabetes prevention program is in fact feasible and acceptable, and may be efficacious at eliciting positive changes in physiological, behavioral, and psychosocial variables that can potentially attenuate risk of developing diabetes. The findings will be useful for designing larger controlled studies.

Despite an increasing number of healthy lifestyles throughout the country, Americans, including Native Hawaiians, keep gaining weight. Unlike several American lifestyles that have resulted in weight gain within the American population, the vegetarian lifestyle is a scientifically proven method for decreasing body weight and maintaining the weight loss for more than 1 year. This study aimed to compare the lifestyle patterns of 4 vegetarian lifestyles and 1 nonvegetarian lifestyle among Native Hawaiians aged 21 and older using their body mass index (BMI). This quantitative study utilized a correlational design, which is particularly suitable for examining the relationship of BMI to eating lifestyle and such variables as physical activity. A survey with 18 questions was administered to participants (n = 300) who have chosen a specific lifestyle and have been following this lifestyle for 1 year or more. The main research question investigated the difference in the body weight of Native Hawaiians aged 21 and older who followed and maintained a vegan, lacto-ovo vegetarian, semivegetarian, or nonvegetarian diet. Participants' BMI was affected by the factors of age, self-efficacy, disease status (high blood pressure, no health risks), and eating habits (Vegetarian Lifestyle Scale). While the Vegetarian Lifestyle Scale was a significant predictor of BMI, there was no significant difference in the effect of the 2 lifestyle classifications of nonvegetarian and vegetarian on BMI, after controlling for other relevant factors. This study aimed to effect social change in the Native Hawaiian community by demonstrating the health benefits of a plant-based diet and better informing public health officials to guide their development of more effective nutrition and weight loss programs for Native Hawaiians.

The adoptation of environmentally friendly behaviour is rather slow, although the climate crisis is pressing. This thesis aims to understand the slow adoption of environmentally friendly behaviour, specifically focusing on vegetarianism and veganism, by employing social network analysis. By simulating interactions within an agent-based model, the study explores different mechanisms that hinder the diffusion of these behaviours. The research findings highlight the significance of the complexity of the contagion in shaping the speed and extent of the diffusion process. While minimally complex contagions are able to infect half of the network on average, vegetarianism and veganism do not spread, due to their complexity. Additionally, the initial number of vegetarians/ vegans was found to be the main driver of infection speed, besides inter-connectedness. The study also explores the possibility of a social tipping point, a critical threshold at which the diffusion process accelerates or reaches a critical mass. However, the research did not observe a tipping point in the adoption of vegetarianism and veganism. By examining the slow adoption of vegetarianism and veganism as a complex contagion, this research contributes to the comprehension of concrete network effect. The findings provide valuable insights for designing interventions and strategies to promote the widespread adoption of vegetarianism, veganism, and other environmentally friendly practices.

No description available.

This dissertation attempts to explore the nature of a particular food consumption pattern using a number of different deviance theories in order to outline the career path of vegetarianism. Using semi-structured interviews with 45 practicing vegetarians from two regions of the United States, the career path of the vegetarians was developed around David Matza's (1969) theory of becoming deviant. Within each stage of Matza's classic work, more specific theories were applied to explain the friction between vegetarianism and the more socially-accepted practice of meat eating within the United States. The framework of the stages includes the affinity for, affiliation with, and signification of vegetarian ideology and practice. Each stage within the theory is also a stage in the development of the vegetarian identity. The more specific theories utilized to explain phenomena within each particular stage attempt to show a progression from initially being interested in the ideals and practice of vegetarianism to becoming and verbalizing as a mature, practicing vegetarian. Finally, the vegetarians interviewed were asked to give the prognosis for the future of vegetarianism. / Ph. D.

Dale Jamieson defende em seu livro Ética & meio ambiente: uma introdução a possibilidade de uma relação ética com o ambiente, e discute situações do cotidiano em que a ação individual importa para alterar o status quo, sendo uma dessas questões o uso de animais para consumo. Aliado a esse contexto, a participação da pecuária no desmatamento e degradação ambiental no Brasil torna relevante estudar como pessoas recebem e processam informações sobre o consumo de carne, bem como seus juízos sobre o assunto. Com base na Teoria dos Domínios Sociais, a pesquisa alia as necessidades do cenário socioambiental atual à necessidade de estudos sobre julgamentos de situações complexas com os objetivos de: 1) investigar quais os fatores e os pressupostos informacionais envolvidos na escolha dietética dos brasileiros, e 2) investigar se os julgamentos sobre consumo de carne de vegetarianos brasileiros estão mais focados em justificativas morais quando comparados aos julgamentos sobre consumo de carne de onívoros brasileiros. O delineamento do estudo é exploratório descritivo. Os dados foram levantados por meio de um survey de divulgação online, e a análise foi feita utilizando a análise de conteúdo de Bardin, com base na Teoria dos Domínios Sociais, e utilizando técnicas de estatística descritiva. Participaram da pesquisa 657 brasileiros, com média de idade de 28,5 anos, maioria feminina e residente do estado de São Paulo / Coordinated and collective actions, ranging from national to individual levels, will be necessary to adapt to climate changes. Dale Jamieson defends in his book Ethics and the Environment: An Introduction an ethical relationship with the environment and discusses daily individual actions that matter to change the status quo, and one of these actions is the use of animals for consumption. The cattle raisings significant share in Brazils deforestation and environmental degradation in that context makes it needed to study how people receive and process information involving meat consumption, as well as their judgment about this issue. Using the Social Domain Theory, the present research joins todays pressing social and environmental needs with the absence of studies about peoples judgments in complex situations. The study is exploratory and descriptive in nature, and used an online survey as instrument, with the purpose of 1) to investigate which factors and informational assumptions are involved in Brazilians dietary choices, and 2) to investigate if Brazilian vegetarians judgments are more focused in moral justifications than Brazilian omnivores judgment about meat consumption. Data analysis used Bardins Content Analysis based on Social Domain Theory and descriptive statistics. There were 657 respondents, with mean age of 28,5 years, mostly females and residents in the state of São Paulo