Thesis (M.A.)--University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2008. / Title from title page screen (viewed on Sept. 14, 2009). Thesis advisor: Thomas Haddox. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

The aim of this study is to offer a critical analysis of representations of gender violence and resistance to such violence in selected novels by Zimbabwean women writers. A great deal of scholarship on Zimbabwean women writers focuses on well-known authors such as Yvonne Vera and Tsitsi Dangarembga. Even here, the critical emphasis tends to be on the representation of women’s suffering under patriarchy and their status as victims. Although the exposure of gendered suffering is important, these studies often fail to take into consideration the female characters’ agency and survival strategies, including how they go about rebuilding lives and identities in the aftermath of violence. This thesis argues that the fictional texts of other, lesser known Zimbabwean authors are similarly worthy of critical scrutiny, yielding as they can important insights into female characters’ resistance to gender violence. The current study analyses Zimbabwean women writers’ literary contributions to discourses on gender-based violence and explores how female characters have embraced the concept of agency to recreate their identities and to introduce a new gender ethos into the contexts of lives that are often shaped by severe restrictions and oppression. Violence is a phenomenon that is always shaped by specific cultural, ideological and socio-economic forces. As the study shows, characters’ identities are constituted by the complex intersections of a number of markers of difference, including their gender, race and class. This study thus regards identity as intersectional and takes all these factors into consideration in its analysis of the representations of violence and resistance in the selected texts. The study also aims to determine whether these literary representations offer any solutions to the difficulties of characters affected by or living with violence. The works critiqued are Lillian Masitera’s The Trail (2000), Valerie Tagwira’s The Uncertainty of Hope (2006), Virginia Phiri’s Highway Queen (2010) and Violet Masilo’s The African Tea Cosy (2010). / English Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (English)

Este presente trabalho visa a analisar, sob a ótica da Literatura Comparada, a temática da violência em obras de literatura infantil e juvenil. Além da teoria literária comparativista, usaremos também as teorias de discurso e dialogismo bakhtinianas e o conceito de prática social, apresentada na obra do lingüista Izidoro Blikstein. Nosso objetivo primordial é observar como a prática social, ou práxis, influencia o tratamento do tema da violência em obras de literatura infantil e juvenil. A escolha do tema de pesquisa se deu em função da crescente discussão sobre a presença de elementos violentos nos meios de entretenimento e arte infantis. Na escolha do corpus, procuramos abranger épocas diferentes, para que fosse possível analisar como a práxis de cada período influencia o tratamento temático nos textos infantis e juvenis. Assim, do século XIX, temos Sofia, a desastrada e Meninas Exemplares, da Condessa de Ségur. Do século XX, selecionamos Sangue Fresco, de João Carlos Marinho e do século XXI, De Mãos Atadas, de Álvaro Cardoso Gomes. / This present paper will analyze, through the Comparative Literature theory, the violence theme on childrens and young peoples books. In addition to the comparative literary theory, we will use the bakhtinian theories of discourse and dialogism, and the social practice concept, introduced by the linguist Izidoro Blikstein as well. Our main objective is to observe how the social practice, also known as praxis influences the violence theme on children´s and young peoples books. The choice of the project theme was made due to the crescent discussion regarding the presence of violence in children´s means of entertainment and art. As we chose the corpus, we intended to embrace different periods, so it would be possible to analyze how the praxis of each time influences the theme treatment on children´s and young peoples literature. Thereby, from de 19th century, we have Sofia, a desastrada and Meninas Exemplares, by the Comtesse du Ségur. Representing the 20th century we chose Sangue Fresco, by João Carlos Marinho and from our 21st century, we have De Mãos Atadas, by Álvaro Cardoso Gomes.

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Coetzee's own experience of living in apartheid South Africa provides the backdrop for novels infused with sardonic irony and rich metaphoric systems. In modes of metafiction that emphasize the destructive and violent nature of language, he optimizes his unique oeuvre to interrogate global, national and domestic power relations. This dissertation relies on psychoanalytical theories that examine microstructures of power within the individual, and in his domestic domain. Each of Coetzee's chief protagonists carries a secret related to a dysfunctional mother/son relationship. This hampers their psychosocial dynamics, their masculinity and sexuality. As they respectively strive toward an elusive new life they confront patriarchal power structures that speak on behalf of individuals, '[whose] descent into powerlessness [is] voluntary' (Coetzee 2007: 4-5). Coetzee's constructed white males perform their several identity roles in milieux that span divergent phases of colonial history. His critique points to white patriarchal hegemonic ideological discourses that bespeak the self/other dichotomy in a postcolonial world where the language of dominance supports an oppressive status quo. / English Studies / M.A. (English)

Coetzee's own experience of living in apartheid South Africa provides the backdrop for novels infused with sardonic irony and rich metaphoric systems. In modes of metafiction that emphasize the destructive and violent nature of language, he optimizes his unique oeuvre to interrogate global, national and domestic power relations. This dissertation relies on psychoanalytical theories that examine microstructures of power within the individual, and in his domestic domain. Each of Coetzee's chief protagonists carries a secret related to a dysfunctional mother/son relationship. This hampers their psychosocial dynamics, their masculinity and sexuality. As they respectively strive toward an elusive new life they confront patriarchal power structures that speak on behalf of individuals, '[whose] descent into powerlessness [is] voluntary' (Coetzee 2007: 4-5). Coetzee's constructed white males perform their several identity roles in milieux that span divergent phases of colonial history. His critique points to white patriarchal hegemonic ideological discourses that bespeak the self/other dichotomy in a postcolonial world where the language of dominance supports an oppressive status quo. / English Studies / M.A. (English)

Orientador: Francisco Foot Hardman / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T22:23:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RodriguezAlmonacid_CarmenCecilia_M.pdf: 632920 bytes, checksum: 7591e143884074b28374a551d9fe53bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Que pode aportar um conjunto de obras para a elaboração de uma memória? A literatura procura no passado, indaga nele querendo resgatar, desde uma perspectiva da memória histórica e da experiência individual, as formas de estabelecer um território que ajude a preservá-la. Assim, a memória é forjada e protegida ao fluir pelas páginas que a literatura cria, enriquecendo e transformando a realidade social e cultural na qual emerge. A proposta deste estudo se centra na reflexão da relação entre a memória e a história - os vínculos entre a memória coletiva e a memória individual - e o problema da narrativa dessa memória nas obras do escritor chileno Roberto Bolaño. Assim sendo, nosso trabalho objetiva especificamente traçar um percurso pelas profundezas da memória e do esquecimento, da barbárie e da injustiça na análise das obras Estrella distante, (1996), Nocturno de Chile (1996) e Amuleto (1999), as quais cumprem um papel chave no trabalho de consolidação de uma memória, pois nelas se reconhece sua proposta estética no campo literário latinoamericano relativo à como narrar o passado traumático da sociedade chilena durante a ditadura militar de quase duas décadas. Há nessas três histórias elementos que são essenciais para expor o questionamento que a escrita de Roberto Bolaño realiza perante a violência do Estado, na medida em que sua narrativa apresenta uma severa crítica política na recuperação do passado, desde a matança de Tlatelolco às torturas do Chile de Pinochet / Abstract: What can a set of written works influence the elaboration of a memory? Literature searches the past, questions it to rescue, from a historical memory perspective and individual experience, forms to establish a ground, which helps to preserve it. Thus, memory is forged and protected when it flows through the pages that literature creates, enriches and transforms to easily insert in social and cultural reality from where it emerges. The proposal of this study focuses on the reflection of the relationship between history and memory, the links between collective memory and individual memory, and the problems related to the narrative of this memory in the works of Chilean author Roberto Bolaño. This way, our task aims specifically to trace a way through the depths of memory and oblivion, the barbarian and evil in the analysis of the works Estrella distante (1996), Nocturno de Chile (1996) and Amuleto (1999), which play a key role in the consolidation of a memory, because in those books one is able to recognize his esthetical proposal in the Latin American literature field when he narrates the traumatic past of a society during the military dictatorship that lasted for almost two decades. There are in those three stories, elements that are essential to expose the questioning that the written works of Roberto Bolaño realizes before the violence of the State, in that his narrative presents a severe political criticism in the recovery of the past, from the killing of Tlatelolco to the torture in Chile during the Pinochet years / Mestrado / Historia e Historiografia Literaria / Mestra em Teoria e História Literária

[pt] A tese Cidades em trânsito: cultura, conflito e poder no espaço atlântico da língua portuguesa investiga produções literárias e cinematográficas, provenientes de países da área atlântica da língua portuguesa ̶ Angola, Brasil, Cabo Verde e Portugal ̶ , que encenam a realidade urbana como lugar de conflito e instigam uma leitura da violência e das relações de poder intrínsecas à vivência contemporânea, em especial a indagação da sua continuidade com o passado marcado pela exploração colonial e escravista do espaço e dos corpos. De acordo com a pluralidade dos objetos e dos contextos investigados, a abordagem comparativa que sustenta a análise do corpus propõe uma crítica que, ao conceptualizar a noção de endocolonialismo como caraterística da ação do poder na contemporaneidade, evidencia a complexidade e a multiplicidade das formas através das quais a violência e o racismo se inscrevem na realidade urbana, dando continuidade à subalternização dos corpos e à fragmentação hierarquizada do território, dinâmicas implementadas pelo colonialismo e pelo escravismo. À luz das diferenças intrínsecas aos contextos em análise, tendo sempre como ponto de partida as conexões que as obras constroem com o espaço urbano, após um primeiro capítulo mais enfaticamente teórico, que se debruça sobre as múltiplas relações entre poder e capital, nas outras três partes convoca-se um repertório heterógeno: as elucubrações de Giorgio Agamben sobre a stasis, isto é, a guerra civil como paradigma político, articulam-se às de Michael Foucault sobre biopoder, às de Achille Mbembe sobre necropolítica e as provenientes de vários autores sobre os afetos políticos. Tais reflexões, conjugadas às investigações pontuais acerca dos contextos urbanos do Atlântico de língua portuguesa, permitem desenhar de forma analítica a persistência da logica colonial e escravista na contemporaneidade urbana. / [en] The thesis Cities in transit: culture, conflict and power in the Atlantic area of the Portuguese language investigates literary and cinematographic productions from the Portuguese speaking countries of the Atlantic area- Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde and Portugal -representing urban reality as a place of conflict, stimulating a reading of violence and power relations intrinsic to the contemporary experience in the light of the many continuities with a past marked by colonial and slavery exploitation of the bodies. The comparative approach that underlies the analysis of the selected corpus, appropriate with the plurality of the works and contexts examined, proposes a critical essay that, in conceptualizing the notion of endo-colonialism as a characteristic of the act of power in the contemporary world, highlights the complexity and multiplicity of the ways through which violence and racism come to join the urban reality, giving continuity to the submission of bodies and to the fragmentation of the territory, dynamics which were implemented during the colonial and slavery era. In light of the intrinsic differences in each context being analysed and always considering as a starting point the many ties that literary texts build with the urban space, after the first chapter of theoretical nature, which observes the multiple relations between power and capital, the following parts making up the research convene a heterogeneous conceptual repertoire: Giorgio Agamben s considerations about the stasis, namely about the civil war as a political paradigm, are alternated with to those of Michael Foucault on bio power, to those of Achille Mbembe on necropolitics and to the reflections of various other authors concerning political affections. These analyses, combined with detailed investigations into the urban contexts of the Portuguese-speaking Atlantic, allow us to draw an analytical account of the persistence of colonial and slavery logic in urban contemporaneity. / [it] La tesi Città in transito: cultura, conflitto e potere nello spazio atlantico della lingua portoghese indaga produzioni letterarie e cinematografiche provenienti dai Paesi dell area atlantica della lingua portoghese ̶ Angola, Brasile, Capo Verde e Portogallo ̶ che rappresentano la realtà urbana come luogo di conflitto, stimolando una lettura della violenza e delle relazioni di potere intrinseche all esperienza contemporanea alla luce delle tante continuità con un passato segnato dallo sfruttamento coloniale e schiavista dei corpi. L approccio comparativo che sottostà all analisi del corpus selezionato, consono alla pluralità delle opere e dei contesti interrogati, propone una critica che, nel concettualizzare la nozione di endocolonialismo come caratteristica dell azione del potere nella contemporaneità, evidenzi la complessità e la molteplicità delle forme tramite le quali violenza e razzismo si iscrivono all interno della realtà urbana, dando continuità alla subalternizzazione dei corpi e alla frammentazione del territorio, dinamiche implementate durante l epoca coloniale e schiavista. Alla luce delle differenze intrinseche a ciascun contesto in analisi, considerando sempre come punto di partenza i tanti legami che le opere costruiscono con lo spazio urbano, dopo un primo capitolo di natura teorica, che osserva le multiple relazioni tra potere e capitale, le altre tre parti che compongono la ricerca convocano un repertorio concettuale eterogeneo: le considerazioni di Giorgio Agamben circa la stasis, ovvero riguardo alla guerra civile come paradigma politico, si articolano a quelle di Michael Foucault sul biopotere, a quelle di Achille Mbembe sulla necropolitica e alle riflessioni di vari altri autori riguardanti la gli affetti politici. Tali analisi, coniugate alle indagini puntuali circa i contesti urbani dell Atlantico di lingua portoghese, permettono di disegnare in maniera analitica la persistenza della logica coloniale e schiavista nella contemporaneità urbana.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The fragmented bodies and lives of postcolonial Caribbean women examined in Caribbean literature beget struggle and psychological ruin. The characters portrayed in novels by postcolonial Caribbean writers Edwidge Danticat, Michelle Cliff, and Shani Mootoo are marginalized as “Other” by a Western patriarchal discourse that works to silence them because of their gender, color, class, and sexuality. Marginalization participates in the act of fragmentation of these characters because it challenges their sense of identity. Fragmentation means fractured; in terms of these fictive characters, fragmentation results from multiple traumas, each trauma causing another break in their wholeness. Postcolonial scholars have identified the causes and effects of fragmentation on the postcolonial subject, and they argue one’s need to heal because of it. Danticat, Cliff, and Mootoo prove that wholeness is not possible for the postcolonial Caribbean woman, so rather than ruminate on that truth, they examine the journey of the postcolonial Caribbean woman as a way of making meaning of the pieces of her life. This project contends that fragmentation – and the fracture it produces – does not bind these women to negative existences; in fact, the female subjects of Danticat, Cliff, and Mootoo locate power in their fragmentation. The texts studied include Danticat’s "Breath, Eyes, Memory" (1994) and "The Farming of Bones" (1999), Cliff’s "Abeng" (1984) and "No Telephone to Heaven" (1987), and Mootoo’s "Cereus Blooms at Night" (1996) and "He Drown She in the Sea" (2005).